Ruwa daga rijiyar ko kuma sau da yawa yana ɗauke da rashin amfani wanda zai iya cutar da lafiyar mu, lalata kayan gida. Saboda haka, kafin amfani da ƙazamar ruwa, ya zama dole don share. A saboda wannan, ana amfani da tsarin maganin ruwa, wanda za'a tattauna a cikin labarin.
Photo: Horturerstock / Fotodom.ru
Injin na tsabtatawa tace karamin karamin Valtec Mini ½. " Kuna iya shigar a cikin kwance da madaidaiciya. Hoto: Obi.
Yanayin ƙazanta ana iya ƙaddara shi ta hanyar asalin asalin ruwa. Water daga rijiyoyi, alal misali, galibi ana santa ta hanyar ƙara ƙimar ruwa saboda kimanin alli da silga na magnesium; Mafi sau da yawa akwai da kuma m ƙarfe mahaɗan baƙin ƙarfe. Ruwa da yawa yawanci SOFTER ne, amma ya ƙunshi ƙazamar ƙwayar cuta, kamar yadda sauran abubuwa suka fada cikin ruwa daga saman duniya. Duk waɗannan nau'ikan gurbatawa a cikin digiri daban-daban suna rage ingancin ruwa, suna dandano, dandano da wari), kuma wani lokacin na iya zama haɗari ga lafiya. A cikin birni, ana tsarkake ruwa a tsakiya, da kyau, kuma a wajen birni, masu hidimar za su kula da batun.
Ana samar da tsarin tsarin kula da ruwa na zamani a cikin gine-ginen gine-gine, saboda su iya zama cikin sauƙin gidajen fasaha na gidan ƙasa. Photo: Horturerstock / Fotodom.ru
Bincike na gurbatawa
A cikin birni, a matsayin mai mulkin, akwai manyan hanyoyin samar da ruwa guda uku:
- samar da ruwa na gida;
- Majiyoyi na saman jiki (tarko na bazara, da kyau, sauran dabi'a da na wucin gadi);
- matsin lamba da kuma rijiyoyin da ba matsin lamba (karkashin ruwa a karkashin ruwa).
Dukkansu suna da nasu damar da rashin amfanin kansu. A takaice, an rage su a cikin tebur da ke ƙasa.
Injin Tsabtace Motting Spit ValTec ½ "(179 rub.). Hoto: Obi.
Gwaji yana nuna cewa masu gidan gida da yawa sun fi son tafiya mafi sauƙaƙe kuma da farko suna amfani da wadata na gida (idan ba shakka, akwai wani lokaci, kuma bayan wani lokaci yana motsawa da wadatar ruwa. Wells da sauran hanyoyin saman jiki ba su da kyau a cikin cewa ruwan a cikinsu ana iya gurbata. A kowane hali, don amfani da su cikin yankuna masu yawa ko a wurare masu yawan ayyukan gona ya kamata su mai da hankali sosai. Ga dukkan kafofin da aka bada shawarar a kai a kai (ba kasa da sau ɗaya a shekara) don yin nazarin dakin gwaje-gwaje na ruwa zuwa manyan nau'ikan gurbata; Ana ba da shawarar rijiyoyin don bincika kai tsaye bayan ambaliyar bazara, lokacin da mafi yawan haɗari shine haɗarin gurbata.
Kuna iya shigar a cikin kwance da madaidaiciya. Crane Ball Valtec tare da ginannun raga (429 bangles.). Hoto: Obi.
A karo na farko da aka bada shawarar samar da hadadden bincike na ruwa, wanda aka gudanar a cikin dozin dozin, turba'in nitratik, carbonate, hydrogen sults, salts na An kiyasta sauran karancin karmai da sauran cutar. Bayan haka, yana yiwuwa a iyakance hanyar tantancewa na 15-20 mafi mahimmancin gurbata. Masu cikakken bincikekarin kuɗi 5-6,000 dubu na rubles, kuma taqaitaccen da har sau biyu a matsayin mai rahusa. Tare da sakamakon bincike, zaku iya zuwa kamfanin da ke tasowa da sayar da tsarin tsarkake ruwa. Zabi na masu tace ya kamata a tsunduma cikin kwararru. Daga gare ku za a buƙace (ban da nazarin ruwa), amsa tambayar da ake so na ruwa da za'a iya tsabtace su.
Motsa masu tsabtace na inji suna cire impurities tare da girman 100 microns. Model BWT F1. Hoto: BWT.
Mai amfani dole ne ya lissafta irin ruwa zai dauke shi yau da kullun, menene amfani da ruwa a lokacin cinikinta, za a iya amfani da tsarin-zagaye na shekara, in faɗi tsarin lokacin bazara, zai iya samar da adadin lokacin bazara ruwa don zubar da matattarar ruwa. Daga amsoshin waɗannan tambayoyin, wasan kwaikwayon masu tacewa ya dogara, da ƙarshe - da farashin duka tsarin.
Nau'ikan rikicewa
| Nau'in gurbata | Cutar da su |
Gishiri na tsabta (salts mai narkar da alli, magnesium da sauran alkaline da lump-ownars) | Samuwar adibas (sikelin) a cikin dumama da tsarin samar da ruwa mai zafi (tsayayyen carbonate); Deterioration na dandano kaddarorin ruwa, wanka mai inganci |
Baƙin ƙarfe baƙin ƙarfe | A karkashin aikin oxygen, iska yana wucewa wani trailer fom - mai launin ruwan kasa an kafa shi, flufs m fluffing a kan butulci |
Gurbataccen tunani | Dandano mai dadi da ƙanshi, hadarin lafiya |
Insoluble impurities (il, yashi) | Nuna kayan aiki masu hankali, rufe tsarin tace |
Nau'in masu tace sun yi amfani da su
Lever Filter tsabtace bwt bwt e1 hws tare da sake juyawa da kuma matsin lamba. Hoto: BWT.
Tsarin magani na ruwa ya haɗa da matakai da aka tsara don cire wasu nau'ikan gurbata. An haɗa masu tace hanya akai-akai, kuma ruwa tana wucewa ta cikin su biyun. Da farko, tsaftacewa daga impurition na inji, kamar yashi, sannan tsarkakewa daga narkar da kayan guba, sannan nazarin halittu.
Motsa kayan talla
Filter na tsabtace tsabtace kayan ruwan sanyi na mari (BWT). Hoto: LEERER MERLIN
Rarrabe tare da m da kyawawan tsaftacewa masu tsaftacewa, jinkiri daban-daban juye da insolable mahadi. An yi shi a cikin nau'i na kyawawan grids (MIsh masu tacewa), saita faranti (filasten filayen petal). Na farko a ƙofar gidan bayan an shigar da ball crane a raga m tott, sannan kuma, idan ya cancanta, kicin.
Aqa Theer Hes (BWT) don ciyar da tsarin da aka shirya ruwa. Hoto: BWT.
A cikin waɗannan masu tayar da hankali, an tara su da baya wanda aka tara, wanda lokaci-lokaci bukatar sharewa. Mafi sauki matattara filers da aka yi a cikin hanyar da U-dimped Tee, reshe na daya na tee yana sanye da fulogi. An sanya tace a kan bututun famfo domin yana iya yiwuwa a buɗe filogi da cire grid tare da zuriyar dabbobi. A cikin raga matattara na mafi hadaddun zane, yana yiwuwa a wanke tace ta amfani da ruwa a halin yanzu. An bambanta samfuran ja da kai tsaye, sanye da kayan kwalliya na musamman (hanyar bawul). Juya juyawa yana samar da ingantacciyar cirewar insoluble, amma irin waɗannan tace sun fi tsada. Misali, kajin kai tsaye a kan bututu ½ karoion tare da madaidaiciya wanka kuma ba tare da ƙarin na'urori ba na dunƙulewa da dunƙulan ruwa ya rigaya 5-6 dubu. Kuma idan matatar sanye take da ma'aurata biyu da kuma matsakaiciyar matsin lamba a cikin mashigar matsin lamba shine 0.5 atm da ƙari lokaci don kurkura matatar), to irin wannan cikakkiyar ce tsarin na iya kashe dubu 15-2000.
Yawancin masu tace masu zuwa sune ƙirar tace, waɗanda suke a gaba ɗaya naarfin kamarin da aka cika ta hanyar ajiye nau'in da ake so.
Tace na inji. Photo: Horturerstock / Fotodom.ru
Matattara don rage girman ruwa
Suna amfani da tushen sanyi dangane da musayar ion musayar. Wadannan resins dein play m karfe, suna maye gurbinsu cikin ruwa a kan rigakafin sodium. An yi amfani da gaurayawar na Ion musayar don tsabtatawa mai tsafta "daga dukkan" (nitrates, nitrites, sulles, wasu mahadi na kwayoyin). Aiwatar da su don kisan tare da karamin wuce iyakar isa taro.
Aqa Perla Premium Class Seuge System (BWT). Hoto: BWT.
Murmushi don gyaran ruwa na ruwa
Suna amfani da kamun kifi daga carbonate carbonate ko iskar oxide.Murmushi don cire mahaɗan kwayoyin
A matsayinka na mai mulkin, waɗannan masu tacewa ne dangane da gawayi na bakin ciki. Saboda ƙarfin adsorvity, mai da aka kunna da aka kunna yadda ya zama kwayar halittar kwayoyin ba kawai kwayoyin halitta ba, har ma da gas da narkar da gas. An yi amfani da kwalaren carbon carbon carbon kuma daga kwasfa kwakwa, na ƙarshen ya fi tsada, amma abubuwan adsorption na kusan sau hudu.
Tsarin hadadden mai saurin shiri na ruwa na ruwa (matattarar cartrossid da juyawa na osmosis), an sanya shi a karkashin nutsen dafa abinci. Photo: Horturerstock / Fotodom.ru
Ultorivetet
Amfani da magance gurɓataccen kwayoyin halitta.Matattarar-masumaitawa
Karamin AQA TRINIT na'urorin (BWT) Softener. Madadin matattarar hudu, tacewar guda ɗaya, tana ba da wadatar ruwa na biyu na ruwa da cire baƙin ƙarfe, manganese, amyon kwayoyin daga ciki. Don sakewa, ana amfani da Nacl a kwamfutar hannu. Hoto: BWT.
Game da batun yaudara don takaici, gaurayawan da ke dauke da Manganese Reioxide dioxide a cikin daban taro ko cakuda dangane da musayar ion ana amfani da su. Duk waɗannan gauraye suna da fa'idodin su da rashin amfanin su, aikace-aikacen su.
Mursauraya tare da ƙananan da matsakaici na Manganese Dioxide, kamar Birm (a matsayin ɓangare na 1-2% na Manganese Drioxide), Greensand (1-5 mg / l). Birm da aka bada shawarar amfani da shi lokacin da ke ƙara tacewar mai gudana tare da mataimaki wanda aka tsarkake baƙin ƙarfe na baci na oxygen daga iska. Pyrollox (ya ƙunshi kusan dioxide 90% na Manganese) jimre wa babban taro na baƙin ƙarfe (har zuwa 10-20 MG / L).
Tangon rubutu na atomatik Don cirewa daga cirewa daga salts na m "AQUATEK AT-CA1035". Hoto: Boris Bezel / Burti Media
Dukkanin masu tace sun fadi dole ne a sanya su. Yawancin lokaci, ana yin flushing ana yin sau da yawa a wata, amma na iya zama sau 1-2 a mako. Sauƙaƙe akai-akai don maido da kayan amfani, amma a lokaci guda ruwan amfani da kaya a kan gogewar da ke ƙaruwa da ƙarfi na ruwa, kuna buƙatar ƙirƙirar rafi mai ƙarfi tare da ragin na har zuwa 50-100 lita a minti daya. A saboda wannan, yana yiwuwa a buƙace ƙarin tanki tara (idan asalin tanki na tushen ba ya bada izinin zabar ruwa tare da wannan karfin aiki) da kuma famfon da zai iya yin famfo zuwa 5-6 m³ na ruwa a awa daya.
Tace don magani mai ruwa tare da babban baƙin ƙarfe da manganese Recamic-n (Viesmann), yana aiki akan ƙa'idar musayar ion. An sake ginawa ta hanyar wanka da maganin gishiri (NACL). Hoto: Boris Bezel / Burti Media
Baya ga wanka, da yawa suna buƙatar sake farfadowa da yawa, suna maido da kaddarorinsu masu amfani. Saboda haka, ion musayar resins buƙatar a kula da shi da mafita na gishiri, ya cika ƙurjin sodium na 5-10 da gishiri na gishiri). Marranhy-contacing hade da nau'in Greensand an sake amfani da shi ta amfani da maganin turmin (ya wajaba a yi tunani ta inda zaku kwantar da wannan maganin da ba mai haɗari ba. Dole ne a canza wurin masu tace mai mai zafi a lokaci-lokaci, tunda na kwayoyin cuta ba shi da talauci daga kwal yayin juyawa.
Tace tace. Photo: Horturerstock / Fotodom.ru
Lokacin amfani da matattarar tsarkakewa daga rashin ingancin ruwa, wajibi ne don lura da tsarki na kashi na tace kuma canza shi akan lokaci ko sake canza shi a kan lokaci ko sake canza shi
Wani tushe ya zaba?
Comptom Atting Ruwa mai laushi Aqa Perla 5 (BWT). Hoto: BWT.
A wadataccen tsarin ruwa, yanayin tabbataccen yanayin ruwan yana da mahimmanci, saboda rashin sa swam a lokacin rani, kuma abun da ba shi da abin maye, da kuma hadadden ƙazanta a cikin kakar wasa. A wannan batun, mafi kyau tushen ruwa na ruwa, wanda ke gudana na fari da sauran catrolyssss, yawanci tasiri ne ƙarami. Tsararren ma'adinai abun da ke da alaƙa yana ba ka damar zaɓar tsarin shimfidar matattarar da bai kamata ku canza ba har shekara zuwa shekara. Wells da sauran hanyoyin saman, da rashin alheri, kada su banbanta da irin wannan kwanciyar hankali, kodayake cikin kyawawan yanayi suna iya aiki da su tsawon shekaru.
Kafaffun hanyoyi na samar da ruwa
| Bututun ruwa na gida | Mauyoyin ƙasa | Da kyau | |
| Rabi | Ingancin da aka yarda da ruwa wanda baya bukatar farashi mai yawa | Ruwa yana da sauƙin sauƙi, ƙananan matakin gishirin ƙiyayya da na ƙarfe baƙin ƙarfe | Ruwa, a matsayin mai mulkin, ba tare da gurbataccen kwayar halitta ba |
| Minuse | Wani lokaci karancin aiki, ƙarancin ruwa, musamman a lokacin bazara | Akwai gurbataccen insoluze (IL, yashi), da kuma gurbataccen kwayar halitta, gami da haɗari mai haɗari. Ingancin Ruwa na iya canzawa da yawa a cikin shekarar | Akwai wani babban digiri na ma'adinai; An bambanta rijiyoyin da babban adadin mai gudana kuma yana iya samar da ingantaccen wadata ga dubun da lita na ruwa a minti daya. |
Ana shirye-akai ruwan sha
Cikakken tsarkakakken ruwa kamar sarauta ne, a matsayin saiti na tacewa na cartrid, wanda ke dauke da musayar ion musayar guda daya ko kuma tsaftacewar carbon. A wasu na'urori, ba a wanke katunan katako ba, bayan gida baya sake farfado da kaddarorin, sabili da haka suna buƙatar canza su akai-akai.
Tsarin shan ruwan sha na tsarin shiri shine tsarin OSMOosis. Babban bangaren na tsarin osmosis na Semi ne wanda aka ƙaddara membrane, wanda ya jinkirta kowane nau'in gurbata. Irin waɗannan tsarin suna buƙatar tsarkake ruwa na ruwa, yawanci amfani da matattarar katako, matsi na ruwa na aƙalla 2-3 ATM da ruwa ya kwarara zuwa flushing. Akwai irinsu hade da wuraren da kusan 5-15 Dubunnungiyoyi dubu.
Mace don shan ruwan sha ana shigar da su a cikin dafa abinci. Photo: Horturerstock / Fotodom.ru
Don shirye-shiryen shan ruwa a cikin adadi kaɗan (lita ko dubun lita na ruwa kowace rana), ana amfani da katako na OSMOosis.
Yadda za a rage farashin tsarin?
Abin baƙin ciki, tsarin magani na ruwa don gida tare da amfani yau da kullun na 1-2 m³ na ruwa mai tsada (bayyanar farashin rubles 100-200, dangane da matsayin gurbataccen ruwa). Sabili da haka, yana da ma'ana don rage yawan amfani, da kuma Tolik "fasaha" kawai aka fallasa kawai zuwa wani tsaftacewa mai tsaftacewa. Nace, ruwa don shayarwa ba shi da tsabta. Ruwa ga bayan gida ya buƙaci tsabtace daga baƙin ƙarfe. Kuma cikakken tsaftacewa ana buƙatar kawai don ruwa da ake amfani da shi don sha da dafa abinci. Saboda haka, unguwar tsuntsu yawanci sanye take da tsarin magani mai yawa na ruwa, a cikin wane bangare ne aka rufe ido ga ido ga ingancin da ake buƙata.Tsarin kimantawa na tsarin magani na mutum
Abun kallo: IGor Smirhaunt / Burton Mai jarida
Callsidge a cikin katako na katako dole ne a canza bayan ƙarewar albarkatun, amma ba ƙasa da sau ɗaya a shekara. Yana da mahimmanci lokacin canza katako lokaci guda a lokaci guda kurkura da disinfect flasks da tanki mai tarawa. Misali, lokacin da ya maye gurbin murfin tontrack tace tare da zaren flashs kafin yin aiki, ka fara buƙatar kashe ruwa zuwa matatar. Sannan a buɗe crane don tsabtataccen ruwa da magudana ruwa. Bayan rudani da flasks an wanke daga ciki tare da maganin wanki don abinci. Sa'an nan, wani Bleen guda 10 na lilin don lilin na farko flask. Bayan haka, an sanya duk flashe guda uku a cikin wurin ba tare da katako ba, buɗe crane da wanke da ruwa har sai ƙanshin chlorine ya ɓace. Bayan haka, da flasks kuma sake watsi da sanya sabbin kututtukan. Yana da sauƙin kula da matattarar mataki uku tare da kayan kwalliya mai sauri. Idan an sanya matatar matakai uku tare da "biyu a cikin katako", an rage gonakin zuwa ga wanda ya tsara wanda aka tsara shi.
Dmitry NesMeyanov
Shugaban Ayyukan Ci gaban Ayyukan Ayyuka, Larua Merlin Gabas
