Duk game da bangare na ciki: kayan, fasalulluka, rufin sauti

Muna ba da labarin zane na ɓangaren ɗakunan aiki, kayan, abubuwa, a kan bangarorin na doka na aikinsu da kuma ba da shawara yadda za a hana kurakurai lokacin da aka kafa.

Yana da sau da yawa dole ne a gina sashi na ciki a cikin gyara na mahimmin mahimmai, saboda wani lokacin "bango mara kyau ne kawai 20-50 cm, zaku iya inganta addinin ergonomics.

Bangare na ciki da fasalin su

Ta nau'in gini

• Kyonry
• Fram
• Rataye
• Tare da aljihu don ƙofar da ke hawa

Ta kayan

• Tubali
• Kankare
• Daga tauraron dan bindiga na gyelik
• Lankwasa yumbu
• Filastik

Bangarorin doka

Yadda za a hana kurakurai

Ta nau'in gini

Kyonry

An gina sashin Masonry daga shinge da tubalin. Zabi abu la'akari da nauyin izini akan benaye na gida. Don bulala na precast precret, wanda ake amfani da shi a yawancin gidajen birane, lodi na izini sune 400-800 kgf / m².

Game da amfani da fanko, da aka yi da aka yi da kuma sauran shinge na ginin haske, taro baya kai iyaka. Amma yuwuwar amfani da Masonry Monry zai zama dole a fayyace a jikin mahalli na gidaje. Gaskiyar ita ce, an sami ganuwar tubalin da wuya - kimanin kilogiram 550 kowace mita na tsawon lokacin kwanciya a Polkirpich. Tare da taye na bene, zasu iya samun rijiyoyin ba a yarda da su ba.

Ƙarfi

Babban yanayin amincin shine mai karfafa gwiwa.

Kowane layi na biyu na damfara ta kumfa ta kumfa mai toshe tare da sanduna tare da diamita na 8 mm. An sa su a cikin matakai, da kuma toshe a tsaye zuwa galvanized karfe faranti, wanda ke cikin 100-120 cm cmrements.

Masonry na cikakken-sikelin wuyar warwarewa an ƙarfafa faranti da faranti da sasanninta, daga m - sasanninta da kuma a tsaye.

Ba za ku iya sake saita ƙirar toshe ba, amma galibi ana inganta maginin sa da sandunansu. Za'a iya haɗe zane zuwa bangon kusa da farantin da farantin sama da sama. Don wannan, abubuwan ƙarfafa fil, faranti ko ƙanana da aka yi da kauri na akalla 2 mm. Mataki mai hawa zuwa bango bai wuce 500 mm, zuwa ga ruwa - 1,200 mm.

Fasahar ginin yanki na bangare daga tubalan mai mai suna aiki zuwa mafi ƙarancin daki-daki. Don yankan shinge, yi amfani da gani na musamman da kuma saiti mai gyara. Hoto: YTong.

Ana aiwatar da masonry akan bakin ciki mai haske. Hoto: YTong.

Yana ƙarfafa shi da faranti. Hoto: YTong.

Godiya ga wannan, sahun suna da sauƙin daidaita. Hoto: YTong.

An cire protruding mafita daga seams nan da nan ga sel don rage m. Hoto: YTong.

Jawo kan hujjoji ana yin su ta amfani da abubuwan tire. Hoto: YTong.

Sauti

Muhimmiyar buƙatu ga sabon bangon wani ikon sauti ne. Mafi qarancin iska iska Innulation Index Rw - 43 DB. Wato, saboda su kada su sami magana ta kwantar da hankula. An sanya alamar RW a bangarorin biyu na kauri na bangon a cikin Pollips na 47 DB, kauri mai kauri na 200 mm - 44 DB. Amma a aikace, yawanci yana ƙoƙarin yin bakin ciki. A wannan yanayin, zai taimaka wa da girar busassun busassun, tsakanin racks wanda akwai amo wanda ke ba da ƙarin sauti har zuwa 10 DB.

Yankunan Tsarin Tsarin haske ya ƙare da tubalin ado "Alunin Allon (White Brick" Boyayyen inuwa ta Brickkwork

Rashin Tsarin Kulawar aiki a Polkirpich

Puzzognow tubalas

Amincewar mahadi na Angular a cikin ɓangaren ɓangaren ɓangaren da aka samu ta hanyar suturar suttura,

A cikin tsarin - ta hanyar inganta bayanan mutum

Za'a iya canjawa wurin zuwa ɗakin dakin da aka kirkiro daga overlaps. Don haka wannan bai faru ba, a karkashin gindi ko kuma seams gado yana dage farawa mai kyau-Layer vibrational. Sarari tsakanin saman kusa da tubalin ko tubalan da kuma tubalan da aka buga na sama dole ne su cika da kumfa polyurthane. Bugu da kari, ingancin masonry - rami kuma har ma microcracks a cikin seams da wuraren adjoining na iya rage girman index noisulation na iska.

A ƙarshe, don cimma kyakkyawar rufin, kuna buƙatar zaɓar daidai da shigar da ƙofar:

• Tsarin ko Fraumuga tare da gilashin guda na al'ada za su dagula wannan siga ta 5-7 DB;
• Mai tsaron ragar yanar gizo 20 shine kimanin 8 DB;
• Canjin ƙofar ba tare da gefe da na sama mai goge baki - fiye da 10 DB.

Dokokin Masonry

Masonry ya kamata ya dogara kai tsaye akan slab plab. Ya kamata a gina shi zuwa na'urar da bene screed, da kuma a nan gaba, a cikin wurin daidaitawar screen ga bangare, shigar da damping Gaskets. A matsayin matsanancin shari'ar, shigar da daga tubalan salula tare da tallafi cikakke ciminti ciminti ko yumbu-kankare. Amma kawai idan babu Layer na amo mai ɗaukar hoto ko membranes na polymer.

Shiri na tushe

Bangaren Masonry yana haifar da mahimman kaya a kan gulma - yana iya yin tsayayya da matsin yana sa. Wannan wannan baya faruwa, a kan slab perbing tare da layin gini, mai monolithic karfafa kankare yana ɗaukar tsayi a kalla 100 mm. Monry yana farawa lokacin da ya samu aƙalla 70% na ƙarfi - 2 makonni bayan cika kankare.

Cocol

Tushen yana yin aikin ribbon haƙarƙari: yana haɓaka murhun kuma yana canza nauyin zuwa bangarorin goyon baya akan bango ko ginshiƙai. Ba tare da wannan abun ba, yana yiwuwa a yi kawai idan abin da aka makala yana da babban gefe na aminci - sannan masonry ya jagoranci kwarin gado. Kwararru ba da shawara don saka a ƙarƙashin tushe ko layin farko na tef na Masonry Damric, wanda ke biyan diyya kuma ya toshe hanyar amo mai tsoka.

A lokacin da kwanciya daga tubalin yadudduka na tubalan, mafi kyau duka kauri na kwance seams 12 mm, seams tsaye ba tare da mafita ba

Girman miya na seams dole ne ya zama aƙalla 125 mm

Tituna a karkashin wiren wutar lantarki yana da kyau a yi tare da kayan aiki na musamman

Masonry bayani

Yana da kyau a sayi kayan adon da aka gama shawarar da masana'anta da aka zaɓa da aka zaɓa. Abincin irin wannan cakuda ya haɗa da rufe seedels da filastik. Godiya ga wannan, ya fi sauƙi a jagoranci masonry, ana samun sahun har ma, kuma seams suna da ƙarfi a kan ƙarfi da ƙarfin sauti.

Ƙarfafa

Duk wani bangare ne ya tsaida shi ga babban birane da rufin ɗakewa, dangane da kauri da yawa na kayan da ake amfani da shi. Puthy gypsum faranti ya shiga sasanninta a tsaye. Ganuwar daga cikin tsararren yanki ko tsayayyen ƙafar jiki ana ƙarfafa su ta hanyar jinginar gidaje.

Gashin tsakanin ƙananan ƙasa na overlap da saman kada ya wuce 40 mm. Wannan rata yana cika da kumfa polyurethane, amma ya fi kyau amfani da manne.

Memres

Bukatar buɗewa suna da kyawawa don yin daidaitattun masu girma dabam don babu matsaloli tare da shigarwa na ƙofofin. Za'a iya yin manyan yumbu daga sandunan ƙarfafa, sasanninta ko toshewar tubalan. Tare da kauri ƙasa da 100 mm, wani karin riba na buɗewa ta hanyar karfafa sanduna, ana buƙatar ratsi ko sasners ko sasners ko sasners.

Kullewa fil na buƙatar karuwa a cikin kauri daga bakin

Zai fi kyau amfani da farantin

Daga danshi-tabbaci Pgp zaka iya ƙara layin farko

Na gaba amfani da faranti na yau da kullun

Fram

Tare da fasahar zane-zane, zaku iya gina tsarin tsarin ciki. Kamar yadda yake, ana yawanci amfani da bayanan metallic, kuma a matsayin sheat - plastterboard. A ciki irin wannan bango ya sanya shinge mai sauti daga ulu na ma'adinai. Don rataye shelves ko madubai a cikin tsarin sun haɗa da sassan jinginar gida.

Niche ta yi ta hanyar fasaha iri ɗaya, amma mafi ƙarancinsu yana iyakance ga yiwuwar murƙushe juzu'i mai ɗumi yayin shigarwa. An inganta tushen shelves ko ma'asilin jagorar Jagora, suna yin tsalle-tsalle daga gare ta. Don inganta ƙarfi da manya na hayaniya na iska, an sanya firam sau biyu.

Lokacin da kafa tsarin ciki, ya cancanci fifiko ga waɗancan kayan da ba sa buƙatar jeri na wannan: faranti na filastik ko plasterboard. Kallon sama tare da jeri a karkashin kare, musamman a ƙarƙashin zanen, musamman a cikin zanen, yana ƙara farashin gyara kuma yana nufin matakai na gine-gine.

Sautin Sauti

Yi amfani da kayan sauti na musamman don cika fanko. Wannan zai tabbatar da wasan kwaikwayon iska a cikin kewayon 44-46 DB.

Lokacin shigar da ɓangaren ɓangaren filastik na teku, ana amfani da firam mai ƙarfi ko glue sanduna. Da farko zuwa ƙasa, bango da rufi yana ɗaure madaurin, tsayawa tsakanin sanduna da saman ƙasƙantar da tef daga abin toshe kwalaba. Hoto: Xella

An hau racks ta hanyar iri tsakanin sandunan da ke tsakanin sanduna, gyara sukurori. Hoto: Xella

An inganta firam ɗin tare da jumpers na kwance. Hoto: Xella

Hanyoyin gidajen fata da firam, da kuma zanen gado mai bushe tare da juna, suna da hatimin marasa galihu. Hoto: Xella

Don cimma babban matakin rufin sauti yana ba da damar rufin a kowane gefe tare da yadudduka biyu na bushewa, tsakanin abin da aka dakatar da takardar fasaha na fasaha. Mafi girman alamomi suna da bangare a frame sau biyu, amma mafi ƙarancin kauri shine 135 mm.

Zaɓuɓɓuka don ƙirar ɓangarorin ɗakin inabi tare da cikawa da amo

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Rataye

Slingungiyar wasan kwaikwayo na gida shine mafi sauƙin shigarwa. Don shigarwa, ba ma buƙatar sake gina aiki da aikin gini, shigarwa yana tafiya cikin sauri. Babu rashin nasara: ba sa taimakawa wajen inganta rufin sauti, cikin ƙarfi marasa ƙarfi ga wasu zaɓuɓɓuka.

Nau'in sassan ciki na ciki:

• tare da injin dogo a ƙasa da rufi;
• Ba tare da bakin kofa ba - ɗaure kawai ga rufin;
• nadawa - ƙofar-harmonica;
• Karkatar da subing - suna bukatar su cire su daga kansu sannan su koma gefe.

Mafi yawan kayan da za a iya zama gilashin da itace. Gilashin da gani ba watsi da sarari ba, amma yana buƙatar tsaftacewa na yau da kullun, bai dace da gyara ba. Woods yafi amfani sau da yawa a cikin dalilai na ado, don ɗakin haɗin gani.

Tare da aljihu don ƙofar da ke hawa

Idan kana buƙatar yin abubuwan da ke damuna, yi amfani da hukuncin da aka shirya don ƙofofin zamba kamar tushe. Kauri daga ƙirar ƙirar bincika plasterboard ba ya wuce 12 mm. Jigilar tare da firam daga bayanan martaba na P-Shaker na P-Shime zai kashe 1.5-2 mai rahusa, amma ba za a iya yin wannan da bakin ciki 170 mm.

Ganuwar mragsnan munanan sauti suna da kyau a ware, don haka lokacin da cigaban ramin, ya fi kyau amfani da tsarin da ke da kauri tare da kauri na 80 mm da kuma saka firam na mm.

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Ta kayan

Tubali

Yiwuwar gudanar da Grickwork to dole ne a fayyace a cikin gida trining. Zaɓuɓɓukan tubali sun sami wuya sosai - kusan kilogiram 550 a kowace mita na tsawon lokacin kwanciya a Polkirpich. Tare da taye na bene, zasu iya samun rijiyoyin ba a yarda da su ba.

A cikin gidaje tare da monolithic baƙin ƙarfe-na ƙarfe-baƙin ƙarfe, yankunan bulo.

Baya ga mahimman kaya akan bene na tazara, kwanciya da bangon bulo yana da alaƙa da farashin farashin lokacin, yana buƙatar ƙwarewar ƙwararru.

Idan kana son ƙirƙirar ciki a cikin salon loft, to kwaikwayon a karkashin tubalin Niche za'a iya ƙirƙirar ta amfani da toshe ko ƙirar firam tare da tayal a ƙarƙashin bulo. Abubuwan da aka saba da dutse na wucin gadi zasu ba da damar cimma cikakkiyar haske game da kauri na kauri ko dutse na halitta.

Kankare

Don gini, tubalan kumfa sune tubalan kumfa tare da yawan kilogiram na 600-800 / M³, 80-100 mm lokacin farin ciki. Karamin kauri ba shi da isasshen bayani game da rufin sauti da juriya ga kayan kwallaye. Koyaya, ganuwar kumfa na kumfa suna buƙatar rufewa. A saboda wannan dalili, zai yi wuya a kirkiro karamin alkama na ado, kamar yadda zai yanke tubalan don girman, ajiye farfajiya.

Kasarar Ceramzit ta raba tubalan danshi mai tsayayya da dawwama, amma kada su banbanta a cikin kwanciyar hankali na geometric mai girma. Masana kwararru suna yin irin wannan masonry, kuma a cikin kowane yanayi dole ne a daidaita farfajiya tare da lokacin farin ciki filastar yadudduka.

A lokacin da kwanciya daga tubalan hannu, mafita yafi kyau amfani da spatula na musamman

Sprourpting ta hanyar ɗaukar Redplus

Toshe dangantaka da juna kuma tare da faranti na karfe da sasanninta

Farfadowa hutu - Ingantaccen katako

Daga tauraron dan bindiga na gyelik

Plasolite parre faranti sun fi girma fiye da katangar damita, amma zaka iya ƙirƙirar alƙaluman kayan ado tare da su. Sakamakon haɗin kai na tsangwara na tsagi, an rarrabe ƙirar ta hanyar zaman zaman zaman zaman kuzari. Ba a buƙatar haɓaka su, kawai an karkata zuwa bango da amplification na kusurwoyi tare da plastering subers na galvanized karfe. Yanayin minus shine cewa yana da wuya nutsar. Saboda haka, lokacin da aka ware a cikin girman, ya zama dole don cire tsagi da igiyoyi, sannan kuma inganta masonry ta hanyar kayan kwalliya ko faranti. Amma ganuwar kumfa ta toshe tururi, wato, numfashi. Haka kuma, gypsum ya ƙunshi ruwa kuma yana aiki a matsayin mai gudanar da tsarin mulki a cikin ɗakuna tare da zafi na al'ada.

Puthy Gypesum Pleseight mai mahimmanci fiye da kankare na gidaje ne kawai, da aka tsara shi don ɗaukar nauyin fiye da 800 kg / m2.

Wani halartar wani yalwa babban elalationation. Saboda shi, tasirin dru yana bayyana - matakin low low lafars mataki a 100-200 hz sau-ruwa.

Bangare tare da aljihu don ƙofar da aka zana ana yin shi daga bushewar bushewa. Yana iya zama hukuncin masana'anta daga bayanan martaba na musamman. Tsarin yana samar da ikon daidaita zane mai tsayi.

Lankwasa yumbu

Tubalan yumɓu na mutum ne 2-2.5 sauƙin fiye da tubalin kuma a lokaci guda yana riƙe masu fasikai sosai. Idan kayi amfani da anchan adakalan sunadarai, to, a kan bango mai kauri na 130 mm, zaka iya hawa har ma da paddle ya fashe.

Babban tsari na toshewar, grooves da ridges a gefen iyakar ƙarfafa da bangare, da kuma hana ribbed kamshi tare da Layer filastar.

Rashin daidaituwa na toshewar da aka yi sun hada da babban ruwa sha ruwa. Yana yiwuwa a warware wannan matsalar tare da taimakon Hydrophobic na Hydrophobic da Menement filastar.

Tsarin abubuwa daga shinge na yanki mai sauƙi suna da sauƙi, amma rasa sautin sauti.

Filastik

Tsarin plaslerboard kusan baya nauyin overlap, baya bukatar cinye filasikanci kuma yana ba ka damar sanya wayoyi da bututu ba tare da wata matsala ba.

Majalisar daidaitaccen bangare daga Gol tana farawa daga shigarwa Bayanan Jagora; su, kazalika sun fi dacewa a dace dasu tare da na'urorin laser. Hoto: Saint-Gabain

Gyprock Ullolrs na Ulol da wani yanki mai rarrafe a yawancin lokuta ba a buƙatar yin sauri tare da kusancin kai. Hoto: Saint-Gabain

An tattara firam ɗin da aka gicciye a gefe ɗaya, sa'an nan kuma a kan sadarwa. Hoto: Saint-Gabain

Chamdes ga shp na iya cire wani bangare na musamman. Hoto: Saint-Gabain

Shigarwa na GNC zai sauƙaƙa sikirin sikeli tare da kintinkiri ciyar da sukurori. Hoto: Saint-Gabain

A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, lokacin da aka tattara garken da aka saba, a maimakon hadewar kai, da taron jama'a suna kama da gefuna na musamman, yi rami mai kama da gefuna guda biyu. Gayyatar da sanda yana hanzarta shigarwa, kuma, babu jigilar jiragen ruwa na sukurori a kan firam, da kuma ganye na plaster din ya ta'allaka ne a kan shi daidai sosai. Koyaya, lokacin da aka haɗa sanduna, yana da wuya a gyara kurakurai, saboda haka, yana da mahimmanci a bi matakan da ake so na sukurori - 250 mm.

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Membobin tunani

Dole ne a gabatar da gawar a baya tare da jikin binciken mahalli. Idan ƙididdigar aikin yana nuna karuwa a cikin abin da aka yi akan bulala, to, izinin zai zama da wahala, kamar yadda ake buƙatar ƙarshen ƙirar gidan.

1. Readedawa da wanda ya shafi bangon da ke ɗauke da ganuwar ko zazzage bangare wanda ba za'a iya amfani da shi ba kawai bayan samun izini ne daga gabobin dubawa na rayuwa.
2. A lokacin da aka sake rubutu, ba shi yiwuwa a ƙara nauyin akan abin da aka yarda da shi akan aikin (lissafin da ke haifar da iyawa, ta hanyar lalata).
3. Yana da matukar sauyawa bangare a kan mafi wuya wuya.
4. Ba zai tsayayya da sabon aikin da gidan wanka ba zai zama sama da kitchen ko gidan gida da ke ƙasa. Wannan dokar kuma tana aiki don inganta gidaje a cikin sabbin gine-ginen Monolithic, inda aka kara sabon bangon wuraren rigar da ke ɗaukaka ta bene.

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Yadda za a hana kurakurai lokacin shigar

Kuskuren gama gari a cikin na'urar na ɓangaren ɓangarorin ɗakunan ajiya shine wuri mara kyau. Maigidan na iya nuna girman dakin (alal misali, ɗakin miya), masanin gine-ginen bai karanta shirin ba, ma'aikata - duba "ba lakabin" . Bangon dole ne ya watsa kuma ya gina sabon abu, lokaci ya ɓace kuma yana ƙaruwa. Sabili da haka, maigidan tare da mai zanen wuri (mai tsara) yana da kyau sosai, dauke da shi tare da gwargwado da ma'auni, zo don sarrafa kwanciya na farkon layuka.

Kayan kayan aiki

Abu	Tubali na cikakken ja	Tubali na slotted ja	Maƙalo da katako	Toshe gas kankare	Tufafin Bulak Konar Kerzitobetone	Pgp hydrophbized
Minimal yiwu Yawan Yawan Yawan kauri, MM	65 (bulo a gefen)	120.	80.	hamsin	90.	80.
Mafi kyau duka kauri daga cikin bangon gida, mm	120 (a Polkirpich)	120.	120.	100	120.	100
Masonry bayani	CET-yashi aji ba ya ƙasa da M200	CET-yashi aji ba ya ƙasa da M200	Daga cakuda ciminti da aka gama, kamar porotherm	Daga gama cakuda cakuda (KNAUF lm2, blottar gyara, da sauransu)	CET-yashi aji ba ya ƙasa da M200	Shirye gypsum (Knsuf-Perfix, "Monceage Montage", "Ivyl-Morest", da sauransu)
Yankuna, KG / M3	1600-1900	1000-1400	750-900	400-600	950-1000	1100-1250
Rage ruwa,%	6-14.	6-14.	14-18.	hamsin	10	6-8