Gidauniyar TUBI ta al'ada ana ɗaukar ta Duniya. A cikin ginin mutum, ya zira kwallaye, zazzabi da dunƙule tarin abubuwan da aka fi amfani dasu. Bari muyi magana game da fasali, da ribobi da kuma fa'idodin waɗannan fasahar.
Hoto: "ARK"
Idan kana buƙatar gina gida akan makirci tare da matsala (jarirai) ƙasa, to latsa da kuma kintinkiri da kintinkiri zuwa ƙasa. Dukkanin gine-gine uku ana ganin abin dogara ne, kuma a cikin sabani game da abin da ke cikinsu shine mafi kyau, akwai kwafin da yawa. Ya kamata a yi shawarar ta amfani da ƙwararrun masana game da bayanan na Gyolat, sasantawa da yanayin tattalin arziki (farashi da kuma kasancewar takamaiman kayan aiki). Koyaya, kafuwar kan tara Kusan koyaushe ake fifita shi a cikin hadaddun gini na ginin, da kuma lokacin gini a kan gangara da yankunan da suka ruwaito. Zai zama mafi tsayayye fiye da slab, har ma fiye da tef da kuma a cikin taron cewa, saman shi, a ƙarƙashinsa, a ƙarƙashin shi, a ƙarƙashin shi, a ƙarƙashin shi, a ƙarƙashin shi, akwai alamun da yawa. na iya zama amintaccen tushe don tara.
Don gina tushe daga karon karfafa tara ƙwayoyin cuta, ana iya amfani da tagulla da aka dasa kansa. Hoto: "SWaistrorrupp"
Tashin hankali yana rufe a zurfin lissafi, koyaushe yana sarrafa matsayin su koyaushe (babban abu shine don hana karkatawa daga tsaye). Hoto: "SWaistrorrupp"
Don zane zane suna yin tsarin madara. Hoto: "SWaistrorrupp"
Batutuwan tara '' Waƙa ", wato, cire kankare don danganta firam ɗin masu goyan baya da aikin itace. Hoto: "SWaistrorrupp"
Za'a iya samun launuka masu ban sha'awa ko ɗaure tare da waya. Hoto: "SWaistrorrupp"
Gidauniyar a kan tarin tarin
Gidauniyar kan zage-zage-zira (gidajen tari-masarufi) an gina shi ne gaba daga shirye-shiryen shiri tare da taimakon shigarwa na musamman - jan ƙarfe. A cikin karancin hauhawar hawa, ƙarfafa poins na murabba'in square 200/250/300 x 200/250/30. X 150 mm da tsawon 2 m, wanda aka yi niyya don gine-ginen haske).
Mataki, tsawon da ya zama dole an ƙaddara gwargwadon snip 2.02.03-85, la'akari da ƙarfin ƙasa (za mu yi magana musamman) da nau'in Gear-yaduwa) da nau'ikan tarin kwari. An bambanta matsayin ginin da tara-racks-racks, wanda ya dogara da duwatsun filastik a kan dutse, da kuma ɗumbin ɗumbin wanda aka tabbatar da shi, da tashin hankali wanda aka tabbatar da shi, da tashin hankali wanda aka tabbatar da shi da tashin hankali gefen saman da kasar gona. Lissafin na farko da na biyu ana aiwatar da shi a cikin tsari daban-daban.
Don yin rijistar mai karatu, bari mu faɗi haka, alal misali, a cikin fadada wurare na yankin Moscow, a matsayin mai tsawo, starging tare da mataki na 1.5-2 m. Piles suna ƙarƙashin Babbar babban biranen ginin ciki da kuma zira kwallaye 0.4-0.7 m light ya ci gaba da karfafa karfafa bangaren na zamani - × 300 mm. Don haɗa firam na ƙarfafa na aikin itace da tara "haskakawa", wato, an rushe kankare daga saman.
Yana da mahimmanci a la'akari: Idan multi kyandir ya sauka a ƙasa, sojojin da ke ƙasa suna aiki akan sa. Don rage su, za a ƙara yashi akalla 20 cm zuwa ga fomwog (bayan dandamali a kusa da kewaye na gidan sun gamsu da yanayin a kan matashi a kan sandbreaker). Yashi kusan babu danshi kuma a sanya rama ga matsin ƙasa. Fa'idodin wani tushe na fa'ida shine cewa ƙasa an haɗa ta da ƙasa, saboda abin da yake ɗaukar nauyin su. Bugu da kari, masana'antar ta kankare da karkara sun fi dunƙule da ƙarfe dunƙule, kuma kerarre a ginin (hako).
A ƙarshe, shigarwa na zira kwallaye ba ya ɗaukar lokaci mai yawa. Amma don gina irin wannan tushe, ya zama dole don samar da tafiya da motsi a kan maƙarƙashiyar mai ruwa ko motocin mota, wanda zai sadar da copor da tara. Bishiyoyi da tsari zasu hana aiki, don haka muna gina wani tushe ba tare da ƙarin farashin ba don sake gina fences, waƙoƙi da filayen za su iya kawai a matakin farko na ci gaban shafin. Ministsan minuse ya kamata ya haɗa da babban farashi: kowane 4 m, la'akari da shigarwa zai kashe 9-12 dubu. Cikakken Gidaje a kan tushe na rufewarsu ya bar kansu kawai kan hadaddun ƙasa kuma idan dole ne a kammala gini a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci.
Don rage asarar zafi a gida da kuma tasirin sojojin da ke da ƙarfi akan tushe, an soke kururuwa a waje da faranti da gina daskararre na encres. Warching ya zama dole musamman dangane da tushen tari-da-slab, inda akwai haɗarin ɗora gefen muryar ƙasa. Hoto: Izba de Luxe
Gidauniyar kan tayukan hako
Kafuwar daga tarin tsayin daftarin kwanan nan sun ci yawancin mabiyane a tsakanin magina. Wannan yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun zaɓuɓɓuka don gidan da ganyayyaki ko ganuwar logs, kuma zai kashe 30-40% mai rahusa fiye da harsashin kafa. Dalilin wannan nau'in za a iya gina ba tare da jawo motocin ba - ya isa sayan ko ku hayar daɗaɗɗen injiniya da kuma ƙira mai ɗorewa. Jigon fasahar shi ne cewa a cikin ƙasa ramuka tare da diamita na 150-300 mm, mika su tare da kayan zane, yawanci daga zaren karfafa uku tare da diamita na 10-16 mm) da zuba mai nauyi m300 brand kankare. Idan kasar gona ta bayyana ko saukar da jirgi, bututun casting an riga an saka shi cikin ramuka, a matsayin mai mulkin - asbestos-ciminti. Tare da babban matakin ruwan karkashin kasa ya zo ga ceto, a cikin wani al'amari na seconds, da kankare na iya zama rufe da submorracle submermat.
A aikace, ta wannan hanyar (ba tare da amfani da reshin kai ba, yana yiwuwa a shimfiɗa harsashin ginin zuwa 4 m. Muhimmiyar fa'idodin fasaha shine a cikin ƙananan ɓangaren tari, yana da Zai yiwu don samar da fadada wanda zai ba ku damar ƙara yawan goyon baya game da seeding ɗin goyon baya kuma a lokaci guda yana da irin foda, sabani foda. Don gudanar da fadada, yi amfani da mota ta musamman tare da tors mai jan hankali (tees-f da takwarorinta). Wata fa'idar mai yiwuwa ba tare da ƙarin farashi na sojojin da lokaci zuwa "narke ba (ko waldawors, don haka yana ƙara ƙarfin ƙira ɗaya. Amma ga minuse, da farko ya dogara da sakamakon sakamakon daga mahimmancin ɗan adam - ƙwarewar da gabatarwar ma'aikatan.
Shigarwa na tsaran hakowa ya fi sauƙi don aiwatarwa a cikin hunturu ko bushe a lokacin rani. Mafi yawan bugun kira na rijiyoyin sune 200-250 mm, kuma an lasafta adadin su dangane da kaya da Gexov. A cikin ƙasa, maye gurbin ƙarfafa, wanda a haɗa shi da tsarin aikin itace. Hoto: Izba de Luxe
Gidauniyar akan tarin dunƙule
Don karamin gida tare da firam ko ganuwar katako, ya dace sosai don kafuwar da aka ɗora, wanda za'a iya cinyewa da shi ko amfani da shi. Kudin ƙirar yana da ƙarami: tallafi ɗaya tare da diamita na 200 mm da tsawon lokacin 2.5 m, la'akari da shigarwa za ta kashe kayan 2400 zuwa 3000. A cikin dunƙule Weel, aikin ƙananan fadada yana yin ruwa. Idan zurfin da aka zaba shi daidai, tsarin ginin ya zama kadan. Amma ga sojojin sanyi mai sanyi, dole ne a la'akari da su kawai lokacin da gina madauri: Yana da matuƙar kyawawa don rataye Randbalki, wanda a cikin tushe ana yin su ne daga ƙarfe.Bincike yana nuna cewa samfuran ƙarfe da aka kula da shi tare da ingantaccen kayan aikin polymer wanda yake sama da 0.04 mm a shekara (wannan yana nufin ƙwayoyin ganuwar da ruwan wukake). Saboda haka, rayuwar sabis na dunƙulen dunƙule tare da bango mai kauri daga 4 mm ya wuce shekaru 30. Dabbar dunƙule daga talakawa "baki" bayan shigarwa ana buƙatar cika tare da mafita ko bushe cakuda-yashi cakuda. Wajibi ne, da farko dai ƙarancin danshi yana ratsa kogon samfurin. A m tube corps da sauri, da kuma bakin ciki-walled tari na iya hawan daskararre ruwa. Tare da tsawon goyon baya, fiye da 2.5 m concreting yana taimakawa ya zama iri ɗaya ne don ba shi ƙarin ƙarfin tanƙwara. Idan, kafin cika abin kankare, ƙetare cikin rami mai sauƙi ne a cikin ɗakunan ƙwayoyin biyu ko uku na ƙarfafa, tari ba zai ci gaba da bauta wa ko da an hana shi. Wata hanyar da za a iya samun tushe mai dorewa shine amfani da tara wanda ya zama galvanized kuma an rufe shi da tsarin polyler.
Mafi ƙarancin wurin samfuran ƙarfe - selded seams a gindi daga cikin ruwa. Lokacin zabar shi, ya zama dole don tabbatar da cewa an yi su sosai - ba tare da tsallake ba, tare da raƙuman neat. Ba da daɗewa ba, tara tare da Lucs na jefa kuri'a a kasuwa - mafi aminci fiye da da wedied ruwan wedies; Gaskiya ne, sun tsaya kusan sau daya da rabi da suka fi tsada.
Hybrid tushe
Abubuwa na zane: 1 - tari; 2- Matashin sa; 3 - rufi na epps; 4 - Geotexile; 5 - Scene; 6 - m; 7 - Sake karawa mai dafa abinci. 8 - Mai hana ruwa; 9 - screed da benaye mai ɗumi; 10 - Makafi ribbon tare da fadada
Wani irin ƙasa ke buƙatar tushe tushe?
Photo: Horturerstock / Fotodom.ru
Ana buƙatar tushe a cikin ƙasa kaɗan akan matsalar ƙasa - rauni na jariri (daga cikinsu akwai mafi matsi da kuma mara hankali) da yumbu mai cike da ruwa). Idan a shafin yanar gizonku mai bushe bushe yashi da ruwan kasa masu zurfi sun kasance masu zurfi fiye da 2 m, ba sa ma'ana yin ciyarwa a kan tushe mai tsada.
Bayanai na farko game da abun da ke ciki za a iya samu a cikin kamfanonin gini na gida. Koyaya, ya fi dacewa da ƙarin cikakken bayani wanda kawai Geo-magana tare da hakofa na gwaji da yawa da yawa samfuran samfuran da aka ɗauka daga zurfin yanayi. A wannan yanayin, da Layer Layer abun da aka sanya na kasar gona za a shigar, sannan a kan tebur - da aka kiyasta a ƙarshen tari, wanda zai ƙayyade zurfin tushe, wanda zai ƙayyade zurfin tushe, wanda zai iya ƙayyadaddun tushen. yana goyan baya. Kudin sabis ɗin ya fito ne daga dunƙules dubu 30. Game da wani tushe ko dunƙule, sigogi masu mahimmanci sau da yawa gano shari'ar ko kuma ya bushe biyu zuwa hudu.
Mahimman ra'ayi
- A lokacin da zura kwallaye a cikin ƙasa mai yawa, rawar jiki na faruwa, wanda za a iya kwatanta shi da shirye-shiryen da ke kusa. Idan a cikin rukunin makwabtaka, a nesa ƙasa da 20 m, an riga an tsaya a gida, yana da kyau a dawo da abin da ake kira Jagora na Jagora 0.5-1 m ƙasa da zurfin taki.
- A kan yadudduka daɗaɗɗa da loams, ana bada shawara don shirya abin da ake kira waccan, wato, cire Randbalki a cikin iska; Gashin Duniya da za a iya masked a kusa da katako ko kayan ruwa mai ruwa, kamar CSP, tare da dutse ko wasu kuma na ji.
- Gidauniyar ta tulu tana da kyau sosai ga firam, brunchers, log din, gidan toshe gidaje. Game da tubali da makamanninsu makamancinsu, buƙatar cika wani tsoratarwar mai ƙarfi zai rage amfanin amfani da tara. Ka lura cewa gidauniyar TILE zata iya tsewa tare da boye.
Gidauniyar Eclectic
Masu tsara su na kamfanoni masu shiri suna niyyar inganta irin wannan tushe na duniya, wanda ya ba da tabbacin kwanciyar hankali na ginin kusan akan kowane ƙasa. A sakamakon haka, "an haifi tsarin". Bari mu ce, don gidaje daga log na zagaye da katako, makamancinsu na gida harsashin da ke kan yashi don zuba farantin da aka karfafa tare da Kauri daga 200-250 mm. A lokaci guda, mai wanki ya ɗaure zuwa saman zane na zane - farantin farantin polystyrene kumfa da murhu da murhun. Tsarin yana da tsada, amma mai dogaro sosai kuma yana ba ku damar dage da sauri kuma daidai ya hau ruwan dumi.Wani sigar "matasan" wani lokacin ana ɗaukaka shi a kan ƙasa mai rauni ga ƙananan gine-gine da ganuwar bulo mai nauyi. Wannan haɗin kan tef na kan tef na kafa ne yana watsa babban nauyin a kan ƙasa, da kuma hakoma ko tsayayya ko hakowa da tsayayya da tsayayya da bugun sanyi. Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa irin wannan tushe yana sanya abubuwan buƙatu na ƙarfafa da ingancin kankare.
Kurakurai na yau da kullun a cikin ginin tari
- Da ba da gaggawa tarkace. Kusar da tara kayayyaki suna fuskantar karuwar kaya daga motsi na ƙasa, da kuma ba a daidaita voltages suna faruwa a cikin ƙirar gidaje.
- A kan kasusuwa: na'urar da aka yiwa katako a farfajiya ta ƙasa ko dai lafiya (ƙasa da 20 cm) yashi tare da mai canzawa. A karkashin tasirin sojojin da aka daskare, screc zai iya rabuwa da tara ko fitar da su daga cikin ƙasa; Sau da yawa yana faruwa a cikin gida - inda aka fi ƙarfin ƙasa ko tushe shine mafi ƙarancin ɗorawa.
- Yin amfani da maɓallin ƙananan ƙananan ƙwararrun na'urori a cikin na'urar burbilling piles da katako, kin amincewa da sha'awar, rashin karfafa ƙarfafa.
- Zuba kankare da katako kai tsaye a kan matashin ruwa (ba tare da ingantaccen Layer mai ruwa ba). Kundin ya bushe, kuma Randbalki ba ku samun ƙarfin da ake buƙata.
- Shigarwa na firam firam akan katako mai dunƙulewa ba tare da walwala ko jingina ba.
