Yin nazari game da Tsarin Matakali: Kayan aiki da haduwa da tsarin rayuwa da aminci, Majalisar da shigarwa
Idan akwai matakala a cikin gidan ko gidan, kusan koyaushe shine mafi m kashi na ciki. Hakanan yana da daidai shinge ya sa ya zama babban ado. Amma a lokaci guda, ba shi yiwuwa mu manta cewa babban dalilin wannan ƙirar shine tabbatar da tsaro da sauƙaƙe tashin hankali da zuriya a matakai.
Bayani game da cikakkun bayanai
Ko da a farkon kallo, shinge na daya-, matakala mai shekaru biyu na iya kunshi abubuwa da yawa da yawa. Babban abubuwan da ke cikin rakunan da aka bushe (idan fences itace katako, ana kiran su pillars ko ciye-ciye), cika (lattice ko allo) da hannayen hannu. Koyaya, kayan kwalliya ba sahuwar ƙirar ƙira ce. Wani lokacin kwanciyar hankali a tsaye shi yana ba shi damar cika, ya ƙarfafa a kan ci gaba, cosos, ko kuma katako na katako.
Labari na balyasin
Rashin shinge na shinge tsakanin ginshiƙai yana cike da tsaye ko na layi ɗaya (gidaje mai tsayi) ko guntu-guntu (lasisi).
Baya ga a yanzu karfe fences, da tsayin daka-tsakin abubuwan da ke cike da karfi, ana kiransu da allurar Tertology, da kuma masu bada bashi. Tsakanin racks, wasu lokuta suna kwance kuma na igiyoyin kirtani yawanci shine ƙarfe ne. Additionsarin abubuwa na iya zama a cikin layin dogo: wani racky rumps, wanda ya haɗu da saman rafin da wucewa "sub-bagade" - tsaya a ƙarƙashin waɗannan racks.
Idan sararin samaniya tsakanin rakulan mai ɗaukar kaya ke rufe tare da ganye mai ƙarfi ko kayan wuta, to ana kiran fening akan allon. Idan an hada allon hotunan tare da griles hade.
Wani ɓangare na gaba ɗaya na kusan kowane shinge na jirgin ruwa - hannu. Da wuya ya wakilci abu daya ne kawai. Ana tattara shi sau da yawa ta amfani da busassun daji daga madaidaiciya da kuma su dace, kuma ƙarshen suna rufe tare da matoran kayan ado.
"Cm2kvadrat" | 
"Cm2kvadrat" | 
"Caicasian dajin" | 
Honka. |
1-4. Wataƙila, ba a tsarin ginin guda ɗaya da yiwuwar itace ba a bayyana shi da irin wannan cikar sitiriyo. Kyakkyawan ginshiƙai masu kyau a cikin nau'in zane-zane na zane mai kyau, ingantattun maganganu masu ban sha'awa suna da kyau kwarai suna da kyau sosai, manyan manyan bindigogi na Benched. Duk wannan yana taimaka masu zanen kaya don dawo da yanayin wani tsohon darchche ko kuma wani mazaunin Victoria na Victoria
Aminci na motsi
Ba shi da wuya babban abu kuma kusan kawai buƙatun ne ga matakala ne ta hanyar sadaukarwa tare da ciki. Alas, yana faruwa cewa a lokaci guda mantawa game da dacewa da tsaro. Matakala "so" suna da kyau sosai, kuma a cikin sha'awar ba su ma mafi sauƙin sauƙi na shinge, kuma wani lokacin ki ƙi shi (wannan, ba shakka, abin da yake banbanci ne ga dokoki). Wani lokacin shinge bai gamsar da ƙa'idodin aminci ba saboda gaskiyar cewa magunƙyen ba su san ka'idodin da suke ciki ba ko kuma neman rage farashin. Amma, kodayake manomicers sun fi tsada fiye da wasannin, ba zai iya ceton su ba.
A cewar Kenst 25772- 83 "Fencing na matakala, baranda da bakin karfe", handrails suna da wuce gona da iri, nisan tsakanin mm na tsawon lokaci, 100mm. Snip 2.01.07- 85 "Loading da kuma fallasa" dole ne a yi tsayayya da kwance a kwance daga 0.3 kgf / m) ya shafi hanjin.
Muhimmin mahimmanci ga dacewa da motsi a kan matakala da layin hannu: nisa mai kyau ne 55-85mm. Gayyane ta rasa a cikin aminci da dacewa da kayan hannu tare da abubuwan rufewa da sasanninta akan matakala (ci gaba mai lankwasa, zaɓi mafi so). A soyayya, za a yi ƙarshen kwarin gwiwa tare da zagaye. Magani mai mahimmanci wanda ya rage matakan Maris na farko da aka bar ba tare da hannu ba, shima ba shi yiwuwa a kira shi mai haɗari sosai fiye da saman (kididdiga ba su da rauni!).
Injiniya mai ƙarfi | 
"Maestro" | 
"Maestro" | 
"Cm2kvadrat" |
5. Kayan da aka yi da ƙarfe yana da sauƙin ba da tanƙwara
6. Garuwar da motar ke kusa, ana iya kiyaye shi daga lalacewa da gurbatawa na karewa ta amfani da allo
7. An gama zagaye na handrail a cikin hanyar canji zuwa rack
8. taga rufe matakala, da prubently shinge tare da katako
Idan akwai yara a cikin gidan, shigarwa na na biyun, an haɗa kaifin "500-700mm), nisan da ke tsakanin tayar da shi, kuma daga mataki zuwa ƙananan laddare na tsaye, har zuwa 20mm. Wadanda ba su da dandano na rakumi na yau da kullun ko ɗorawa, muna ba da shawarar zabar ƙwaren allo mai ƙarfi. Idan Maryiku suna kusa da ganuwar, an yi shinge, a matsayin mai mulkin, gefe ɗaya. Idan matakala daga bango a bangarorin biyu (wirewa shine matashin ruwa na dunƙule). Inacont, idan stair Mariir yana iyakantacce a bangarorin biyu, buƙatar shinge, har yanzu ba zai yi tare da cewa: an gyara shi da bango tare da 50-70mm.
Jari-hujja
Ko da mafi sauki fences daga Pine ko larch racks na rectangular ko zagaye giciye sashe, santsi ko kuma tare da tsarin milled milled sun sami damar bayar da fara'a na milled. Countryasar Cozey, Ethno na Ethno da gangan, da gangan yana daɗaɗaɗɗun girbi - duk salon da ke nuna amfani da katako.
Ba varnish daya ba
Za'a iya fentin abubuwan shinge na katako a kowane launi bisa ga tsarin labulen Ral. Tare da gamsawar su, ana amfani da kowane irin hali iri ɗaya: gillifial formation, girki, toning don jinsin itacen itace. Ya kamata a ɗauka cewa saboda babban bambanci a cikin yawan zarges na zaruruwa, itace mai guba yana haɗe da shi tare da launin vary. A soaked Plating shine minuse mai mahimmanci na itace: Da farko dai, lalacewar itacen ya zama sananne ga bayanai dalla-dalla. Saboda haka, Pine da Jich suna da kyau barin launuka na halitta. Kwanan Hardwood kwanan nan an fi son jiƙa da tinting ko mai mai launi.
Tsohon danshi da aka yi niyya don ginin shinge kada ya wuce 12%. Muna jaddada cewa shin itace bushe a gidan da suke rayuwa kawai lokaci-lokaci, za a yi birgima saboda danshi saukarwa. Itace katako da aka yi da itace-dazuzzuka na waɗannan nau'ikan masu zuwa: Firmware (itacen oak, ash), da wuya matsakaici (Birch, alder) da conferous (Pinech). Mafi kyawun abin da ya gaji da kunkuntar lamellae. Mafi muni, na gajerun gutsuttsura fucked a kan wani microscope, tare da rukunin yanar gizo na Cuffiniar da aka yanke daga allon shimfiɗa. Ba su da yawa mai dorewa, banda za su iya rantsuwa. Eterayyade yadda ake yi yadda aka sanya kayan aikin, ba shi da wahala idan ka kula da jagorancin zaruruwa da manne. Guji daidaitaccen Balasins kusan koyaushe tsararren tsararru, tun lokacin juyawa, kamar babu wani, kuma bai kamata ya keta shi ba. A lokaci guda, cewa samfurin da aka gama bai koya ba kuma ba ya fasa, don Billets suna ɗaukar sanduna daga mai tushe kusa da ainihin. Screens don fences a cikin salo na gargajiya wani lokaci ana yin su daga glued garkuwa tare da millid ko tsari daban-daban (fiberboard da kuma abubuwan da aka kera na kayan kwalliya na Itace mai mahimmanci ko layout daga layin dogo.
Fenting daga karfe, fasali da welded, sun shahara, sun shahara sosai godiya ga yanayin yanayi mai zurfi, da kuma farashin ƙarancin fasaha. Bakin karfe mai narkewa ne ga mafi haske ko goge haske ga madubi. Black Karfe yana da rufi tare da filastik, enamels, chrome da nickel, alloum alloys anan anodized. Irin waɗannan samfuran suna da fa'idodi da yawa: suna da dorewa, da dorewa, suna da karamin taro da sauƙi don kafawa. Menene irin hacks guda biyu da aka goge ba za a iya kiran shi da amfani ba: suna sanyi akan taɓawa, da kuma burbushi daga yatsunsu sun kasance a kansu.
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Albini Fontanot. |
9-12. Tsarin haske da aka yi da ƙarfe, itace da filastik suna da kyan gani. Tsarin duniya na gyaran yana ba ku damar shigar da su a kan Marches tare da digiri daban-daban na gangara
An ƙirƙira fences tare da bude farfajiyar fure ko geometric tsarin zai yi ado da dutse da matakala. Filin da aka kera kayayyakin da aka kera kayayyakin sa zai iya aiwatar da kusan duk wasu ra'ayoyin masu zanen kaya da sha'awar masu mallakar gidaje. Kyawawan da m da m, waɗannan fences zai fi dacewa cikin masu hulɗa a cikin salon gothic. Koyaya, ya zama dole a kula da cewa ƙirƙira latti suna da nauyi, kuma lokacin da suke tsara matakala, hakika ya zama dole don yin la'akari da nauyin akan tsarin tallafawa cewa za su ƙirƙira.
"Cm2kvadrat" | 
"Tula Master" | 
A Irbis-sabis | 
"Cm2kvadrat" |
13. Rawannin Lantarki tare da cika nau'ikan yanar gizo daga mashaya Karfe Barikin: Asalin Maganin Tsarin Ba ya sabawa bukatun amincin ba
14-16. Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don kare fences daga lalata: putinating (amfani da haɗin kai, kwaikwayon da ba ta da ƙarfe ba na karfe ba), zanen enamel
Cikakkun bayanai game da hanjin wani lokacin suna haɗe da juna tare da taimakon ƙarfe na ƙarfe da aka haɗe da itace, gilashin gilashi. Wani lokaci suna haɗuwa da ƙyallen bakin karfe da jefa kuri'a daga ƙarfe marasa fasikanci (tagulla, tagulla, jan ƙarfe), ƙirƙirar tsarin rikice-rikice a cikin salon da ba ta gama ba.
Mulki ko gilashi mai tabo tare da kauri na 12-12mmmmmmmmable sifofin da aka zana a cikin salon zanen hannu a cikin salon babban-fasaha. Toning, Matting, zanen lu'u-lu'u - jerin cikakkiyar jerin hanyoyin sarrafa gilashin na ado. Screens ana yin wasu lokuta daga polycarbonate ko gilashin acrylic. Wadannan kayan suna da sauki kuma ba su da babbar burinda na zagaye na yau da kullun, amma, da rashin alheri, farfajiya, farfajiya, farjin irin wannan allo bai da wahala, kuma yana da sauki karce shi.
Yunkurin bayar da game da duk kayan da hadayuwar su, wanda za'a iya samu a cikin mayafin riguna na zamani, a bayyane yake maye don gazawa. Lu'u-lu'u da lu'ulu'u, MIA da kuma tagulla na gilashin kayan da suka zama sakamakon aikace-aikacen sabbin fasahohi, suna iya buga tunanin ma da ƙarfin aikin connoisseurs.
Ra'ayi na kwararre
Wani lokaci yin shinge don matakala da aka riga aka riga an riga an riga an riga an tsara ta fasaha da fasaha fiye da aiwatar da dukkan kewayewa don ƙarewa. Ba da yaushe, ba koyaushe ba zai yiwu a yi amfani da takaddun aikin: a lokacin da aka yi amfani da su, ko kuma ba su da inganci. Sakamakon ya zama mai girman kai ne ga girman kai, a kan tsarin ma'aunai don dawo da wannan takaddun, domin aiwatar da dukkan abubuwan da aka yi wa lafazin da "Fitings" na masana'antu da aka kera. Bugu da kari, shi wajibi ne yin lissafi da matsakaicin canja kaya a kan hali abubuwa, ga abin da shi wajibi ne don sanin fasaha halaye na kayayyakin amfani, kazalika da zane na abin da aka makala nodes, sau da yawa ta hanyar wannan lokaci riga boye gama. Don haka, aikin da ake amfani da shi na musamman na layin dogo shine rabin nasara, kuma yayi aiki da shi yana shafar farashin samfurin ba shi da ƙasa da, alal misali, ƙira, farashin kayan, farashin kayan aikin masana'antar.
Peter Tsyganov, jagorancin kwararrun kamfanin "Sm2kvadrats"
Da tabbataccen fucking
A shigar wasan zorro, da fasteners kada ta kasance ma m, amma shi ne zamar masa dole ya samar da mafi ƙarfi na zane, kazalika da yiwuwar ya maye gurbin sassa lokacin gyara. Ba koyaushe ba zai yiwu don gamsar da waɗannan buƙatun a lokaci guda.Hanyar gargajiya na taro fening - tare da taimakon m mahaɗan akan ƙaya. Muna ba da shawarar (a cikin matakala a kan cosomers - a matakai) da hannayen hannu) da hannayen hannu) da hannayen hannu) da hannayen garken Balusin a cikinsu. Wani zaɓi shine kasan shuka na Balasine a kan lokatai (toshe-cikin launuka na siliki), kuma saman yana daɗaɗa cikin tsararren glatrail.
Poles tare da zabi da aka zaɓa ana dasa shi a kan ƙaya, wanda aka kafa a ƙarshen Taper (Cososov) da Hanyoyi, bugu da ƙari karfafa haɗi tare da ƙusoshin katako. (Tsarin matakala akan parodes kuma tare da mai shinge na buƙatar shinge a kan katako na mulkoki.) Hanyar da aka bayyana tana dogara da sassan. A sakamakon da wahala da aiwatar da yin da tsani, kuma, shi ne musamman wuya maye gurbin lalace balasine a irin wannan shinge.
Yawancin matakala na katako na zamani suna hawa amfani da faster mai saurin amfani ko talakawa, a cikin ƙarshen magungunan dunƙule a cikin itace, rufewa da matattarar katako.
An tattara murfin karfe ta amfani da waldi ko haɗe. Racks tare da flanged flanges ("sheqa") an haɗa su da karfafa kankare bolts. Za mu hana wannan fuskokin matakan tare da wani abu mai ban tsoro ko wasu abubuwa masu dorewa kafin sanya hanyoyin jirgin ƙasa za su wadatar da masu ba da izini. Wani lokacin faranti a cikin matakai, amma yana da ma'ana kawai idan ana cajin ƙirar da kuma tsarin kwangilar. Ana gyara allon gilashi ko dai don racks, ko ta hanyar ƙarfe, zuwa katako mai ɗaukar nauyi.
Ra'ayi na kwararre
A lokacin da haɓaka shinge na titi a matsayin wani ɓangare na ciki zuwa fore, akwai tsarin haɗin kai don maganin stylistic na gama gari. Wannan ma'anar ra'ayi wataƙila mafi yuwuwar hanyoyi da hannu ya manne. Shan tare da wasu kayan (dutse, itace, gilashi) ƙarfe na ƙirƙira yana ba ku damar ƙirƙirar kammala abubuwan da aka kammala, abubuwa da yawa iri-iri. Saboda haka, amfani da abubuwan da aka manta da m manema a lokacin ƙirƙirar masu adawa da su daga tsakiya "Knight" zuwa zamani "Loke" Lines ". A cikin kera Baroque Fencing, guntun dutse da aka jefa daga ƙarfe marasa ferrous za a iya ɗauka; Gothic, na zamani da fasaha deco vits daga gilashin da aka rufe; Tsarin kabilanci da "Rustic" sauran abubuwa daga bishiyar shekara. Bugu da kari, ana amfani da tsari a cikin ado da kayayyakin fasaha da aka yi da karfe. Za'a iya rufe jami'ar ƙarfe ta kusan duk wani abin da aka zaba da abokin ciniki ya zaba. Kuma babban abin da ya dage da fara'a na musamman don yin ƙoƙari a cikin faɗin da aka ambata shine halin da aka ambata.
Arina Korobynikova, mai tsara gidan ibada
Masu kera da farashin
An tattara shinge na tattalin arziki daga abubuwanda suka gama. Irin waɗannan abubuwan da ke tattare da matakala na katako, ciki har da hanyoyin jirgin ruwa (ginshiƙai, manoma: "Wingor", "Wingor SC", "sihiri Of itace "," Jagora "," Sm2kvadrat "(All- Russia) idr., manyan masana'antar aikin itace.
Prefabricated Karfe fences (galibi ta hanyar tsari) samar da "kunnun karfe", "interlist", "Yugspetsomplekt" (All-Russia) idr. Farashin dogo ya dogara da nau'in kayan da kuma amfani da samfurin. Mai rahusa duk perameled karfe st. 3 (bakin karfe ya fi tsada kimanin sau 1.5, chromed Brass - fiye da sau 2). Bakin karfe Fencing tare da racks yana bayan farashin kuɗi na 500mm kusan kusan dubu 2 dubbai. Don 1 p. m, da kuma cika da racks kowane 100mm zai kara farashin har zuwa 7,000 dunsses. Don 1 p. m. Ginin zanen allo da bakin karfe na mafi sauki zane (zanen lebur akan racks a cikin 800-1200mm) yana kashe kusan 5,000 dunss. Don 1 p. m. Idan kana son yin canje-canje ga wani hali na hali, yawancin kamfanoni za su hadu da ku, amma, ba shakka, zai shafi farashi.
"Maestro" | 
"Maestro" | 
Injiniya mai ƙarfi |
18. Za'a iya yin zane-zanen gilashi a cikin dabara.
Daga masana'antun ƙasashen waje, to loke Albini Fontanot, Maretti, Nelur, T..i.l. (Duk Italiya), Intececlala (Girka), Antiqua-Fentini, Kenngt Trappen (OBa Jamus), Labaran Kengyre), Labaran Kengyre), ya samar da matattarar matakala da fences. Nefirms wakilan wadannan masana'antar a kasuwar Rasha kuma aiwatar da shigarwa samfuran samfuran su (alal misali, "Elka", Mataki-mataki, za ku iya raba wasu nau'ikan idru.) musamman ƙarfe na duniya da filastik filastik. Za su kashe kimanin sau 1.5 da suka fi tsada fiye da irin wannan tsari kuma an yi shi daga kayan guda a cikin gida.
An ƙirƙira fences, duka biyun isasshe, suna samar da kamfanonin "Spring m", "Roskada", "Tula Master" (Russia) Idr . Farashin da aka ƙirƙira fenti - daga dubun dubbai. Don 1 p. m.
Samun takaici akan aikin mutum zai kasance mafi tsada, tunda samar da abubuwa marasa daidaituwa suna buƙatar bo / dubura cin abinci, wani lokacin mafita na fasaha.
Dama shinge ya kamata Masters na Manufacturer. Kudin shigarwa gaba daya ya dogara da kayan matattarar matakala. A tushe na katako ko firam na katako, za a shigar da murfin lattice kusan 20-30% na farashin su; Idan matakai an yi shi da kankare ko dutse (na halitta ko wucin gadi), farashin shigarwa na iya zama har zuwa 45% na farashin shinge.
"Crystal SC" | 
"Maestro" | 
"Maestro" | 
Injiniya mai ƙarfi |
20, 21. Gilashin, itace da ƙarfe, wannan haɗin kayan ya zama da ƙarin magoya baya
22, 23. Ana iya gyara hotunan gilashi zuwa abubuwan da ke faruwa