An bambanta wuraren bauta na zamani da ƙira mai haske kuma ba su da kadan tare da magabatansu - a duffan dutse. Wuraren ya daina kasancewa batun aiki mai kyau, yanzu kayan ado ne na gida mai kyau, wanda aka daidaita da duk sararin samaniya. Ba abin mamaki bane cewa mutane da yawa suna son tura shi cikin kusurwa ko a hankali don jingina ga bango, inda aka nuna a cikin gidan wuta mafi daraja, tsakiyar wuri a cikin ciki
Kwanan nan, an samar da ƙarin samfura na wuraren shakatawa na wuta, wanda za'a iya shigar dashi a tsakiyar ɗakin, daga garun garane da bangare. Amma irin wannan dislocation yana da halaye kuma yana rufe wasu takaddama akan masu zanen kaya da kuma maginin gidan ƙasar.
Gano wuri
Tsakiya, ta gaba tsaye, ko kuma, kamar yadda ake kira, gidan wuta na tsibiri ba shi da ganuwar gjoining da kuma aoretically za'a iya shigar dashi a kowane yanki na ɗakin daban. Mutane 6-9 sun fahimci irin wannan mai da hankali sosai, fiye da bangon ginannun ko kuma murhun wuta. Amma a wannan bangaren, "Island Islas" yana buƙatar wurare da yawa sarari kuma an tsara su don spioust, tare da yanki na 25-30 m2, ɗakunan suna rufe da square
Andreypeyenko, Darakta
Kamfanoni "Saga-Bis":
Tare da kulawa mai dacewa, rayuwar sabis na murhu yana kama da rayuwar sabis na ginin. Babban abu shine bi ka'idodin aikin. Ka tuna cewa ba zai yiwu ba a watsar da murfi ta amfani da fetur ya cika ruwan itacen itace. "
Harsashi
Idan ya kamata a saka wurin murhun a bene na biyu ko na uku, za a iya shigar, alal misali, wanda ke kusa da biranen birai da rabi. Amma wannan karfafa za a sake buqatar kawai wuraren gobara masu nauyi. Sauƙaƙe ƙira (kuma don manyan matakan ginin galibi za su zabi daidai waɗannan) suna located kai tsaye a ƙasa, suna haɓaka ragunan.
Zane
Kuma yanzu zamuyi la'akari da cikakken bayanin "ilmin jikin" na wannan na'urar dumama. Kowane murhu yana da ɗakin fure, mai tara hayaki da bututun hayaki, fitarwa daga samfuran dakin na gaba. Za a iya rufe Shake tsibirin Shake da buɗe. A karar farko, wutar wuta tana kona a cikin dakin hermetic, kewaye da allo biyu daga dukkan bangarorin. A na biyun, kawai shine tushen kayan da ba mai kunna wuta ba tare da dandamalin da aka girka, wanda ke da kayan taron haya.Zabi wani samfurin murhu, mutane da yawa sun fifita bude baki, saboda yana ba da damar hakan ba tare da tsewa ba ga harshen wuta. Irin waɗannan murhu, mai kama da gobarar, suna ci a tsakiyar sararin wurin, suna da kyau sosai. Amma ga ƙimar su kamar yadda ake dafa na'urori, alas, ƙarami. Bude "duk iska huɗu", suna ɗaukar iskar oxygen da yawa daga dakin da ake buƙata don ƙonawa. A sakamakon haka, samfuran samfuran da suka shigo chimney suna da yawa diluted tare da daskararren iska, wanda ke rage yawan zafin jiki na gases mai shaye shaye. A takaice dai, yawancin zafin tare tare da hayaki a cikin bututu. Ingancin wutar murhu a cikin abubuwan da akasari ya wuce 15%. Don kwatantawa: ingancin ƙafar gidan wasan wuta mai kyau a cikin 65-75%, wani lokacin kuma zai iya kai 87% kamfanin kamfanin Danish ya cimma. Bugu da kari, tare da bude tanderace bude, akwai bukatunta don ƙirar hayana. Tun, kamar yadda aka riga aka ambata a sama, iska mai ɗaukar hoto zai buƙaci abubuwa da yawa, sashin bututun hayaki ya kamata ya kasance da ɗansa fiye da lokacin da aka rufe murfin wuta.
A ina Hanyar Hanyar Roomtovka ta zo?
Mafi kyawun mai don murhu - itace. Biranen Conifer ba su da so - suna dauke da abubuwa da yawa, don haka fitilun zasu sha taba da kuma karce Sparks. Mafi dacewa ga murhun murhun murhu na itacen oak, ramp, da beech ko alder - suna ƙonewa a hankali da kyau. Tare da Burning Birch, an kafa mai yawa soot. Amma arpen itace, akasin haka, soot kusan ba a bayar, haka, suna da ikon yin ƙone daga ganuwar mai sanyaya. Sanya itacen wuta ya fi kyau a watan Nuwamba-Disamba. Amma kai tsaye bari su a lamarin. Itace mai da aka kore ta iya ƙunsar danshi sama da 50%. Za su zama masu zafin fushin. Saboda haka, kafin ƙonawa, ya kamata su kwanta na watanni da yawa a cikin ɗakin bushe da kyau. Don adana man fetur, an tsara su a cikin hanyar da aka yi a cikin yanayin murhu ko tsayayye. Ya yi yawa cewa kauri daga dukkanin jiragen ruwa kusan iri ɗaya ne - 6-10 cm. Sanya su cikin tanderu, tabbatar cewa gibin iska zuwa 1 cm ya kasance tsakanin hanyoyin, kuma tsawo na dukkan hours zuwa cman awanni zuwa wurin kashewar wuta.
Wajibi ne a tuna cewa bude wutar ta bude wuta a cikin dakin wata hanya ce ta hade da kai. Yana da zai yiwu a rufe ɗakin murfin wutar lantarki da aka sanya shi daga baƙin ƙarfe ko bulo. Kuma don ci gaba da asalin sutturar murhu - da ikon sha'awar wutan, ɗaya, bangon wutar murfi na Quars wanda zai iya jure wa dumama zuwa 750 ° C. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, ɗakunan wuta na wutar murkushe wuta na rufe wuta suna ba da ƙofar ƙofar don dacewa da jefa itace. Za'a iya ɗaukar wuraren shakatawa masu rufewa da cikakken amfani da na'urorin da ke cike da yawa. Gaskiya ne, tare da ajiyar wuri guda ɗaya - suna ɗumi ne kawai lokacin da wutar take ƙonewa kawai. Wurin baturin baturin ba shi da iko. Wani fa'idar rufin gidan wasan wuta shine cewa yana da aminci sosai a aiki fiye da buɗe. An kulle wuta a cikin "ganuwar hudu" ba a kula da ita ba, tabbas kusancin tashi ba zai yi matsala ba.
Koyaya, akwai kyamarori da rashin daidaituwa. Babban abu shine cewa gilashin wutar murfi da aka rufe da soot tare da lokaci. Amma tare da wannan matsalar yana da sauƙin shawo kan taimakon mafita na soda na caustic ko mai siyayya. Kuma don wanke gilashin kamar yadda zai yiwu, yawancin masana'antun suna samar da saman ƙofar tare da slit wanda ke gudana a cikin kyamara, yana ba da izinin wuta daga allon. Akwai wani zaɓi: Allon kariya ya ƙunshi tabarau biyu da aka tattara akan ka'idar kunshin gilashi. Air da farko ta fara motsawa tsakanin su daga ƙasa zuwa sama, sannan, kamar yadda a cikin akwatin gida, The "labulen" an saukar da shi. A wannan yanayin, gilashin ciki yana mai zafi zuwa yanayin zafi fiye da na waje, kuma amsawa pyrolysis shine hadawan cututtukan hanzari na carbon. Soot yana ƙonewa, kuma gilashin an tsabtace ta kanta. Da yake magana game da ƙirar bututun hayaki, ya kamata a ambata cewa a nan, ya bambanta don buɗe wuraren shakatawa, ƙara juriya ga babban yanayin zafi.
Karkashin da Nad.
Abubuwan da ake kira sub-ƙananan ɓangaren murfi, inda ɗakunan murfi na wuta ke zaune, ana iya yin ƙarfe, dutse ko dutse. An cire dandamar dandamali mafi yawan lokuta a tubalin chamoten, bangarori na littattafai daga yumbu ko kawai rufe tare da takardar baƙin ƙarfe. Daga bisa a sanye da grate, wanda aka sa itace a kan itacen wuta. A karkashin lattice akwai wani ɗakin Coxy, wanda shine, kamar yadda aka shafa daga sunan, don tattara Ash da mai. Amma ban da babban aikin, zai iya yin ƙarin ƙari, babban aiki - don samar da ƙarin ƙarfafawa iska don mai. Saboda wannan dalili, da dandamali na flue ya kamata ya tashi sama da matakin bene zuwa adadin 600 mm. A ƙasa, za a kusanta da iska mai sanyi da kuma mafi kyawun "abinci" na wuta zai kasance "abinci".Dmitry Shustov, Shugaban
Kamfanoni "wuraren fashewa da Chimneys":
Na lura cewa, a ganina, mafi kyawun bayani na hayerney, kuma musamman lokacin da aka karkatar da waƙoƙin ƙarfe, - bututun ƙarfe na bakin ciki. Sun fi sauƙin yadudduka kuma sun yi nasara a kwatanta da su a kan sauki a cikin shigarwa. Bugu da kari, da karfin su da muhimmanci ya wuce alamu don murhun wuta, tun da farko an yi amfani da kayan aikin baka - a cikin abin da ya faru a cikin tebur na Mendeleeleeva, kuma dogon lokaci wannan bututun ba zai yi aiki ba). "
Don dalilan aminci, ƙananan ɓangaren mururun wuta dole ne a kewaye shi da abin da ake kira dandamali pre-bene tare da nisa na ƙarfe 800 mm da aka yi na ƙarfe, brampored na halitta ko gilashi na halitta. Wani babban cikakken bayani, ba tare da wani murhun wuta ba, shine ɗan mai tara hayaki. Aikin sa shine tara da samfuran sa kai tsaye a cikin bututun hayaki. An sanya na'urar kai tsaye a saman dandamalin fiber a nesa na akalla 400 mm daga farfajiya. Akwai zaɓuɓɓukan shigarwa guda biyu - ko dai tare da tallafi a kan wutar, ko tare da hawa akan rufin da aka amfani da shi ta amfani da tsarin na USB. Yawancin lokaci, ana yin mai tattara hayaki daga baƙin ƙarfe, karfe ko bakin ƙarfe kuma zai iya zama duka biyu da biyu-Layer. A cikin yanayin na karshen, bututu da na waje harsashi sun rabu da iska Layer na nisa na kimanin 2-3 cm. An yi amfani da yanayin yanayin kusan 80 ° C. Tabbas, har yanzu bai cancanci wannan mai tara hayaki ba, amma haɗarin samun ƙona yana raguwa sosai.
Tun da yake ba shi da haɗari koyaushe don aiwatar da bude murhu, a cikin wasu samfura, musamman a cikin madaukai ne kawai aka bayar, barin mafi ƙarancin ƙwararru don fitar da iska. Domin Dome don matsawa sosai kuma an gyara shi a kowane matsayi da ake so, ana wadatar da hood tare da tsarin hadaddun tubalan da hanyoyin sadarwa.
Bututun hayaki
Idan an kunna murhun a farkon bene (kuma mafi yawan lokuta daidai yake da shari'ar), an kunna bututu mai hayaki, ya mamaye dukkan ɗakunan da ke sama. Zai buƙaci a haɗe shi da duk masu wuce gona da iri. Zai yiwu ƙirar hayaki kai tsaye ya dogara da ikon ɗaukar ƙarfin lantarki-storey. Idan benaye suna raba karfin kankare, zaka iya shigar da tsohuwar bututun mai mai kyau. Wannan mafi kankanin ƙira kuma a yau ba ta rasa shahararsa ba saboda ƙwarewar ta asali da karko. Ana amfani da wuraren cakuda daga Red - Red Brick mai tsayayyen ƙasa (abin da ake kira yumɓu) ba ƙasa da yashi, ana amfani da yashi da ruwa a matsayin mafita mai ban sha'awa. Ingancin Masonry yana ƙarƙashin tsinkayen buƙatu - ganuwar bututu dole ne ya lalace tsakanin layuka (mm mai tsayi tsakanin layuka). A bangon ciki ba su yarda ba a yarda da matsalar warware matsalar - zai hana wucewar iska kyauta. Plastering a cikin ciki na tubalin bututu bashi yiwuwa - a ƙarƙashin rinjayar gas mai zafi, marmarin da ba da jimawa ba. A wata kalma, don gina babban tubalin chimney, babban malamin da ake buƙata, don haka ba lallai ba ne don cajin masonry ta masu sauki ma'aikata. Ka tuna, Broicklayer da murhu wani sana'a ne daban-daban.
Vitaly Ustinov,
Daraktan kamfanin "Kungiyar Kungiyar Kungiyar"
Kamfanoni da yawa suna samar da wuraren shakatawa da dama tare da iyakoki masu motsi wanda zai iya saukowa a kan yankin wutar, don haka dan kadan yake karuwa. Amma irin wannan zane yana da tsada sosai kuma, kamar yadda ake nuna, rashin aiki. A kowane hali, idan kuna son samun gida da na'urar dumama, kuma ba wani yanki na kayan ɗaki ba, kuna buƙatar zaɓar gyara kawai tare da rufe akwatin gidan wuta kawai. "
Amma har ma da cikakken daidaitaccen babban katako na Chimney yana da raunin sa. Da farko dai, bututu yana da square ko murabus. Sakamakon haka, babban hayaki zai motsa a tsakiyar, a cikin subersers yana samar da swirl kuma zai ƙirƙiri ƙarin juriya. Bugu da kari, soot zai fara taru, la'akari da wanda yake da wahala sosai. Don magance matsalar, lokacin shigar da wurin murhu a cikin nawa, za a iya sanya bututun ƙarfe na bakin karfe, ba da cikakkiyar ƙage don hanyar hayaki mai hayaki. Abubuwan da ake buƙata don sarar Masonry a lokaci guda an ɗan rage - izinin irin wannan sojojin ta ta hanyar Broicklayer. Wata matsalar ta kasance: babban taro na ƙirar ƙira. Mita na tubalin tube tare da sashe na ciki na 260g 260mm 260mm yana nauyin kusan 350kg. Idan ba a tsara abubuwan da aka yi wa irin wannan nauyin ba, da yawa "Girman Girma na Chimney za'a iya shigar - daga gractory yerami. Yana, kamar cubes, an yi shi ne da toshe kusan 300mm zagaye ko sassan m daga toshe. Sumunti-yy sandar bayani yana aiki don fili. Kashe Tsarin yumbu yana da ƙarancin bulo, ƙari, yana da sauƙin hawa - wasu masana'antun samar da toshe tare da kulle don dogaro da juna. Haske daya mai tsawo na 300mm tare da giciye na ciki na Cikin gida 250 mm nauyi 24kg, sabili da haka taro 1pog. Tudura hayaki tare da mafita kusan 73kg.
Shawarwarin Snipa 2.04.051 * "Hajewa, samun iska da kwandishan"
"Sakin layi na 3.84. Ginin gini ya kamata a kiyaye shi daga wuta:a) bene na kayan ƙonewa da kayan ƙonewa a ƙarƙashin ƙofar dumama - takardar ƙarfe na 700g500mm, wanda aka daɗe doguwar gefenta.b) bango ko bangare daga abubuwanda marasa aiki a gaban murfin wutar, - tare da mayafin ƙarfe a kan 8mm daga bene zuwa matakin 250mm a saman ƙofar coil. "
"Sakin layi na 3.86. Bulus daga kayan gini a karkashin filoli na filaye na karfe akan katako na 10mstos, yayin da nisa daga kasan wutar zuwa ƙasa ya kamata ya kasance a aƙalla 100mm. "
A ƙarshe, a cikin gidan da na katako, ana bada shawara don amfani da bututun hayaki na ƙarfe, abin da ake kira "sandwich". Yana da wani shiri wanda ya kunshi bututun guda biyu da aka saka a cikin juna daga sashin zagaye na bakin karfe. Rage tsakanin su (daga 30 zuwa 50mm) cike da tsibirin zafi na basal. Chimneys na ƙarfe suna da fa'idodi masu mahimmanci idan aka kwatanta da tarin tubali. Suna da sauƙi (1 p. Myes tare da diamita na ciki na 250g 250mm 250mm), ganuwar suna da laushi kuma kusan ba su tsoma baki da motsi ba. Rashin daidaituwa ya hada tsada da karancin goyon bayan kai. Wannan yana nufin sandwiches na iya buƙatar ƙarin tallafi, kuma hannun waje a kansu ba a ke so. Duk da kasancewar rufin zafi, irin waɗannan Chimnys suna buƙatar matakan yaki da wuta kamar bulo da ke da kauri daga bangon bango) da kuma ware daga faduwar bangon . Overlant da junction tashoshin hoto da kuma tubes mai tsoma ya kamata ya zama mai ilimin hermemic. Idan bututun hayaki ne yumbu ne, to don waɗannan dalilai guda biyu, wanda ke aiki don haɗa dutse da ƙarfe. Don haɗawa da bututun ƙarfe na ƙarfe, babban zazzabi-mai ɗorewa-da aka yi niyya don ƙarfe ana amfani da ƙarfe.
Zane
Rarrabe wuraren girgiza wuta a cikin bayyanar sun banbanta da samfuran da aka karɓa. Ba su da hanyoyin gargajiya, saboda irin wannan mai mayar da hankali za a duba shi daga dukkan bangarorin hudu. Tsifa na tsibiran na iya zama rectangular ko zagaye, suna da rufaffiyar filaye wanda aka rufe shi da wutar lantarki. Za'a iya yin akwati da dutse ko kuma baƙin ƙarfe. A matsayin fuskantar, a matsayin mai mulkin, ramiri ko dutse na deporative dutse ake amfani da shi. Abubuwan da ke cikin abubuwan da suka shafi wani lokaci suna da ban sha'awa, kuma wannan yana da fahimta, domin wurin da wutar ke ƙonewa ko da yaushe ya zama cibiyar kulawa.
A sauke na wasu wuraren shakatawa na haifar da tasirin tsari na cikakken yanke abubuwa daga bene da ganuwar, ƙyallen na tanadi a cikin iska. Irin wannan, alal misali, mai ban mamaki mayar da hankali kan hanyar mota daga Fuga wani abu ne mai gani ido, wanda za'a iya dakatar da shi zuwa rufin da kuma mai ban tsoro mai ban tsoro a tsakiyar dakin. Kuma a cikin layin samfurin piros, akwai wani samfurin wanda yayi kama da yankakken cikin kwai na yumbu. Mowerarfin wuta mai ban sha'awa da aka yi a cikin salon zane-zane na zane-zane - Dokar zane-zane, wanda ya bayyana a farfajiyar babban-Tek da zamani. Wata Video misali na wannan shine samfurin kamfanin Faransanci Arkiane. Wannan kamfanin ya kasance musamman, samfurin na musamman na Kepren, Prototype don ƙirƙirar wanda shine pyramid Hefren, yana tsaye a Masar kusa da sanannen sphinx. Baya ga wani sabon abu siffar, da murhu na murhu, da murhun wuta abin mamaki shi ma da alama rashin bututun hayaki (ba shakka, yana nan, yana da matukar fasaha).
Wadata da buƙata
A lokutan da wuraren murfi sun kasance batun alatu, ya shiga cikin tashi - yanzu sun isa sosai ga manyan sassan yawan jama'a. Don haka, samfurin RONDA daga Ferlux (Spain) yana biyan kuɗi game da 2150. Aƙalla a cikin adadin farashin (Sweden) da max Blank (Jamus). Ka lura da irin wannan muhimmiyar sihari, kamar yadda yiwuwar shigar da tsibirin bututun mai tare da tallafawa Chimney don murhu. Farashi don samfuran kamfanin Faransa, Mutanen Espanya Montegrappa da Italiyanci Palazetti sun bambanta a matsakaita daga Skan (FHINKMET) ko cheanmark) ko cheatere) ko cheatere) ko a ƙarshe, Ya cika don yin odar aiki "Masu kashe masu kashe gobara na Rorl-boley da kuma mai da hankali, akwai dubun dubatar Yuro.
Amma ya kamata a ɗauka cewa farashin siyan wuta ba ya iyakance shi. A kan kafadu na abokin ciniki zai fada akan shigarwa da haɗin na'urar zuwa bututun hayney din da ya gabata. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, kamfanoni ba su kafa ƙimar aiki ba bisa kashi dari na farashin samfurin. Ko da mafi sauki murhu yana da matukar wahala a haɗa, kuma mataimakinsa, hadaddun daga yanayin fasaha na wani lokacin basa haifar da matsaloli a cikin shigarwa. Adadin karshe ya ƙunshi alamomi biyu - farashin kayan da ake buƙata don shigarwa, da kuma farashin aiki. Gabaɗaya, ana iya faɗi cewa shigar da murhun da kuma haɗa shi zuwa hayaki zai kashe abokin ciniki a cikin 1000-1500. Kudin erection na chimney an ƙaddara daban a cikin kowane yanayi.
Chema na M Karfe Mai tara hayaƙi na tsaye a tsaye
1 - slab overlap;
2, 5 - bututun chimney;
3 - adaftar;
4, 6 - Casing mai Kariya;
7 - Flopherser hula