Don haka wane irin samfurin ne wannan - babbar bene? Fasali na ƙirar da shimfiɗa, masana'antun, farashi.
2. Cambium
3. Collot
4. nucleus
5. Core
Hoto M.Sepanov
Hoto daga A. Babaev
1-Ramin ramuka a cikin plywood da shigarwa na rigunan filastik;
2-shigarwa na facts-raccks a cikin hannun sileve;
3-Dutsen da aka ɗaure tare da baƙin ƙarfe-kusoshi-kusoshi zuwa tushe
1 - Tsakanin rufin da aka saka da ganuwar barin rata na 7-10 mm;
2 - saurin sauri a gaban farfajiyar farko;
3 - An yiwa rami mai ban tsoro daga gefen tudun a wani kusurwa na 50
Ga masu hada-hada mu, da manyan kwamitin bene lokaci guda da tsufa. Tsohon, saboda boun katako na katako sun wanzu a Rasha daga mai nisa. NEW, saboda a wasu lokatai sun kasance a tattake ta wasu murfin bene kuma ko ta yaya mai amfani da mai amfani.
Musamman kwanan nan, hukumar kamar yadda aka yi amfani da suttuna na bene a cikin ginin tsarin katako mai arha, kamar barraians. Yawancin lokuta ana sake siyar da su, daga cikin gidaje daga Coniferous "ko" hamsin-wasan yara "sun zama da yawa ba a haɗa ƙasa, katako na bazara. Parquet na tsohuwar ginin an yadu da Parquet, Linoleum, kuma an cire shi kuma a jefa shi. Anchina daga 60s a cikin jirgin ruwa mai tsayi da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin jirgin ƙasa mai ƙarfi.
Don haka wane irin samfuri ne irin wannan babban bene? Ta yaya abin ya faru da faranta mata daga yamma? Ana keran katako masu yawa da aka tsara su kuma an sarrafa su a kayan aiki mai zurfi akan fasahar zamani, cimma dokokin zamanin Parquees. Hukumar High-ingancin High Hive tana da tsagi a kan dukkan bangarori hudu, wanda ke ba da damar bene a hankali. Faɗinta ya kasance daga 80 zuwa 150mm, tsawonsa daga 600 zuwa 3000mm. Theukar da aka gabatar daga hukumar da aka gama na iya zuwa 20-22mm. Ana sanya kamfanonin cikin gida a kan buƙata da kauri, 30-35mm. Ana ware kayayyakin ta hanyar kayan itace, wato, a kan yankan, ta gaban karar da aka gicciye da katako. Dafa shi, kamar yadda ka sani, akwai tengery da radial. Koyaya, mun kusanci mafi wuya kuma batun rikitarwa yana fuskantar masana'antun biyu da masu siyarwa, da masu siye. Kuma ya yi karo, Alas, marubucin waɗannan layin.
Rarraba
Shafin gwaje-gwaje suna ƙoƙarin ta talla game da nau'in: "Muna ba da Talla: ƙasa da kuma Yuro" Europol ". Kach. "," Aeridar kwastomomi ", da dai sauransu kamfanoni da kamfanonin, tare da sauran katako," Chase "zuwa kasuwa da benaye don benaye. Ba muyi tunanin su faɗi cewa waɗannan samfuran ba su da kyau, amma don bincika ingancin su kuma ƙayyade iri-iri ta hanyar kwararru ta ƙwararru suna da matsala sosai. Ba don mai da hankali kan epithets kamar "Yuro" ko "Elite".A wuraren da ake amfani da shi da ake amfani da shi a ƙarƙashin shagunan ajiya ba a sake bushewa ba. Mafi yawan lokuta allo ya ta'allaka ne a kan rigar. Yarinyar Brisk, mai siyarwa, mai nuna babban tarin tarin katunan uku mita, ya ce: "Wannan shi ne" Zaɓi ". To, wannan shi ne itacen oak. Sunayen iri, ba shakka, suna da kyau, kawai abin da suke nufi? Kuma gabaɗaya, shin? Wataƙila a babban kantin sayar da ƙarfi zamu bayyana komai? Amma a cikin babban kantin sayar da karfi, mai siyarwar ba zai iya amsar ta bayyana ba kamar samfurin itacen oak na ya bambanta da ƙari, amma kuma bambancin "karin", kuma ba su ji komai game da "robar ba". Kodayake, ba shakka, bambance-bambance a fili ana bin diddigin alamun. Kalma daya.
Amma, idan kun kwantar da hankali kaɗan da tunani, dole ne ku yarda cewa itaciyar har yanzu tana da rai mai rai kuma, tabbas, ba tabbatacce ne ga daidaitaccen ma'auni. Achto Gent? Sai dai itace cewa babu wani hazo ga babban jirgi kamar irin wannan. Wasu tsabta sun sanya ma'aikata na kamfanin "Parquet Hall", samar mana da tsarin gudanar da tsarin da suka daidaita a aikinsu. Tabbas, ba su shiryuwa da shi ba, akan kamfanin akwai dakin gwaje-gwaje da kwararru suna aiki. Amma a cikin mahimmin mabukaci, tabbas zai zama mai ban sha'awa, yayin da yake kunshe da taƙaitaccen tsayayye da sauri daga Grumber 2695-83 "katako na katako. Yanayin fasaha. " Don kwatantawa, muna ba da bukatun lissafi don yanki na yanki da hukumar (duba tebur a ƙasa).
Bugu da kari, ban da ware ta yankan, zabin Rasha don Parquet yana faruwa a cikin rukuni biyu - Categrory daya mai lafiya, a gaban farfajiya - diamita har zuwa 15 mm, ta kashe-diamita har zuwa 20mm. Category B (Farkon Farko) - Ingantarwa Lafiya, ya buge tare da Itace na Swirls (babu fiye da guda 3), a kan gaban farfajiya-diamita zuwa 15mm, da kuma haɗawa. Bordee Rukuni ba shi da wata matsala mara kyau, fashe, fadama.
Kamar yadda aka gaya wa masana, don manyan katako, waɗannan rukunan suna da iko sosai. Amma ba komai mai sauki ne. A bayyane yake, yana da irin wannan bambance-bambance masu mahimmanci a cikin girman, Parquet Bar kuma, bel ɗin ba za a iya ware shi daidai ba. Bari mu juya zuwa ga mai fitar da giya. Zamu nuna nau'ikan katako na Sawn - 1, 2, 3rd. An jera masa bayani a cikin kayan itace, ƙa'idodin iyakance lahani a cikin katako ana ba su ta iri, gwargwadon girman samfurin. A lokaci guda, da makaman suna isasshen girma, kuma suna ƙaruwa tare da ƙara girman samfurin.
Abubuwan da ake buƙata na zamani don ingancin hukumar ta zama daban, tougher mai yawa. Abin da ya sa manyan masana'antun suke rarrabe gwargwadon nasu ka'idodi, galibi yafi tsauri da yawa (za mu yi watsi da ka'idojinmu "na" a gabanin). Misali, kamfanin wool na gida ya haifar da tsarin da ya hada da matakai 8 daga lokacin zabar murfin zagaye zuwa marufi na kayan da aka gama. An ba da iri uku: Premium "," Zaɓi "da" na 'na' 'wanda akwai wasu subgroal da tatalator (gauraye). "Premium" (Farkon Farko) itace ba tare da wani vips ba tare da lahani ba. "Zaɓi" ba da damar ƙananan ƙwanƙolin ondrod, ba a yarda da itace ba. "Nators" ya warware da karfi da yawa ba sauke-saukar da swirls. Wasu kiwo ba su wakilta ta hanyar "yanayi", misali, Birch, beech, larch. Abokin halayyar dutse shine abin da ake kira aljihunan katako na itace, mai wadatar da haske tare da resin (duhu duhu). Dangane da ƙa'idodin kamfanin, wani yanki mai tsatso wanda ke dauke da karamin resin resin ko karamin karfi da ba a bude yayin sarrafa yana nufin "Zaɓi" iri-iri.
Kulawa na danshi
Sanin zafi akwai na'ura ta musamman - wutan lantarki. Ayyukanta ya dogara ne da canza lantarki na itace, ya danganta da yanayinsa. Bukiloki na na'urar tare da wayoyi da aka haɗa da su ana allurar a cikin itacen kuma suna wucewa ta wurinsu na yanzu. Squale na na'urar yana nuna danshi na itace a wurin da aka gabatar da allura.
Kawai gogaggen ƙwararrun masters ne kawai na iya ƙayyade yanayin danshi na itacen a idanun. Wani abu mai sahihanci abu ne mai sauki a yanka, an lura da hanyar rigar rigar ruwa a ƙarshen nassi. Idan, lokacin aiwatar da filayen, tushen bakin ciki na bakin ciki, da aka matsa kusa, yana nufin cewa kayan ya jike. Idan kwakwalwan kwamfuta ya fashe da crumble - kayan ya iso sosai. Gano irin danshi na itace da nauyi, gaban fasa a ƙarshen ko humaka, da launi na ɓawon burodi da kuma sauran kaddarorinsu na iya zama mai kyau ga itace. Wannan na iya kwararru masu kwararru.
Sau da yawa kamfanonin suna jin daɗin suna iri ɗaya ne, amma an ɓoye samfuran a cikin ingancin ingancin. Wannan yana amfani da kayan da aka shigo da shi. Sabili da haka, muna ba ku shawara ku sayi kayan daga ingantacce a cikin kasuwa na manyan masu siyarwa da masana'antun. Riƙe alama, suna aiwatar da zabi mai tsauri. Wani yanki lokacin da aka zaba farashin samfurin - mafi girma ya yi girma, mafi girma. Yana samar da karancin farashi a nan zai zama mummunan shawara. Idan ka yanke shawarar ci gaba da wata hanyar kuma ka shiga cikin raƙuman daji marasa iyaka, zaku iya amfani da waɗannan shawarwari masu zuwa lokacin zabar babban jirgi. Ba su dace da baƙi ba - a cikin wani abu daga gare su, a cikin wani abu mafi kyau na inganta, amma sun ba da wasu ra'ayin ƙimar ƙa'idodi.
Daraja "mafi girma." An yarda da gefen gaban:
- Longitudinal da ke cikin filastik da baki ba fiye da 0.5% tsayayyen tsawon;
- Cikakken abun ciki ne sosai shimfiɗa tare da diamita na 3-5mm a cikin adadin PC 1 PC. a kan 1 p m;
- Resin aljihuna cikin adadi 1 PC. A tsayayyen tsayi.
- Kasancewar rashin fasahar da ba ta yanzu ba har zuwa 18mm tsawo;
- gaban shuɗi, ba barin a gaban gefen;
- Rashin karbuwa daga gefen baka ba tare da iyakancewa a tsawon, wanda yalwar Crest ya kasance aƙalla 3mm ba.
Sa "na farko." An yarda da gefen gaban:
- Longitudinal keture na filastik da baki ba fiye da 1% ajiyayyen tsawon;
- Abubuwan da ke cikin ƙoshin lafiya mai narkewa diamita har zuwa 20mm a cikin adadin PC na 2. a kan 1 p m;
- Abubuwan da ba a kwantar da ciki ba kuma ba a buɗe shi da diamita ba har zuwa 20mmm a cikin adadin 1 PC. a kan 1 p m;
- Fasa su filastik da edging mara zurfi suna da zurfin alfarma da tsawon 1/6 gyarawa kauri da tsawon baka;
- Fasa don rashin---ba fiye da 200mm;
- Blue da Samfura Sambon na launin shuɗi a cikin nau'i na mutum aibobi da tube;
- Smithfulmy aljihuna a adadin 2 inji mai kwakwalwa. a kan 1 p m;
- Bukukukaki, kwakwalwan kwamfuta, rage zurfi babu sama da 2mm;
- Wanda ba ci gaba a kan tsawon fiye da 50mm.
- Kasancewar fasahar da ba a sanyaya ba a cikin mara iyaka;
- Rashin karbuwa daga gefen baka ba tare da iyakancewa a tsawon, wanda yalwar Crest ya kasance aƙalla 3mm ba.
Kwatiri wanda aka bayyana shi a matsayin ƙananan idan aka kwatanta da "mafi girma" da "na farko", basu dace da kammala wuraren zama ba. Sun dace da na'urar daftarin benaye, na gama ba mazaunin wuraren zama da fasaha ba.
Wasu 'dan wasan itace
Fasa. Samoshinsu a matsayin abubuwan halitta da kuma raunin ciki suna shafar gangar jikin. Jefa ta cikin fasa daskararre, da aka umurce shi, da aka umurceshi - sun bayyana sakamakon daskarewa na danshi na ciki; Abubuwan fasahar roba sun rabu da juna daga shekara ta shekara da kuma fashewar ƙarfe, tafi tare da ganga daga shima a saman. Dukansu suna tasowa sakamakon damuwa na ciki a cikin akwati. Bugu da kari, fasa na iya bayyana sakamakon tsayin bishiyar m itace.
Kariya Muhimmancin rage darajar itace. A cikin rassan, ƙarfafawa yana raguwa, tun bayan bushewa, ƙwararren yana rasa sadarwa tare da tushe kuma ya faɗi. Arfara fesa mai lafiya yana da launi mai haske, kusan daidai yake da yadudduka na kusa, kuma yana da haɗin gwiwar da ke tattare da kayan rubutu. Wani mummunan tashin hankali wanda ba a taɓa shi ba tare da cikakkiyar da'awar duhu a cikin zobe. Rotten Bitch yawanci ƙanana ne a cikin girman, yafi duhu babban itace, baya fada, amma ya binciki bayyanar da kayan rubutu.
Kososala. - Wannan shine gangara na zaruruwa, karkatattun abubuwa na shugabanci daga tsaunin bishiyar. Itace tare da irin wannan mataimakin rashin hankali yana haifar da nauyin transvere. Cloorvesirƙirar asalin haɗi sun haɗa da fiber-Waxnessness da curl curlature na shekara-shekara yadudduka.
Rabo - Cutar da ta tashi a sakamakon lalacewar injin na gida ga fiber na itacen. Sau da yawa, a cikin wannan wuri akwai spots na naman kaza da "matsi". Wannan mataimakin ya lalata bayyanar itace kuma yana da wuya a gama.
Damisa lessions Tashi a sakamakon tasiri a kan katako na tafiyar matakai, yana canza kaddarorin na inji da launi.
| Abin sarrafawa | Iyakance karkacewa daga dabi'un maras muhimmanci, mm | Karkacewa daga kafaffen gefuna na kusa, mm | Karkacewa daga jirgin sama | Tsohon danshi,% | Ka'idodi | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| by leenght | Ta fadi | M | Dogonani | m | ||||
| Bibobin sunaye | + 50 ... 25 | 2 Gama allonsa har zuwa 100mm. 3 Sama da 100mm | 1 don allon kauri har zuwa 32mm | Ba a shigar | 0.5% na kowane tsayi | 1% na duka nisa | ashirin * | GASKIYA 2695-83 |
| Parquet yanki | 0,3. | 0,2 | 0,2 | 0,2 | 0,6mm a tsawon 1 m | 0.2Mm | 9 3. | Komawa 862.1-85 ** |
| * - A cikin "Parquet Hall" akwai nasa ma'aunin danshi na ciki abun ciki na wani babban jirgi, wanda ya dace da farashin gidan kuma shine 93%; ** - GOST 862.1-85 "Pasul Parquet. Yanki na parquet. Yanayin fasaha » |
Katako
A cikin microstrupture, itace wani hadari ne na halitta. Kwayoyin fiber suna da siffar tubular kuma an jagoranta tare da ganga. Yanayi ya ba da wannan abu azaman fa'idodi da yawa. Insulator na katako yana da karamin nauyi, yana da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, elasticity. Saboda yawa, kayan yana da ikon riƙe murfin ƙarfe. Mafi girma yawan itaciyar bishiyar, mafi girma juriya don jan dunƙule ko ƙusa. A kokarin yanke shawarar ikon itace don tsayayya da azumi na daskararru. Mafi girma da yawa da taurin kai na kayan, karamar sa, wato, ikon yin tsayayya da halaka.
Amma, tare da fa'idodi, itace yana da rashin amfanin ƙasa. Abubuwan kadarorin bishiya suna da bambanci sosai a cikin shugabanci tare da ƙwararrun 'yan fashi, ana kiran wannan sabon abu "anisotropy". Idan itacen yana da makawa mai wahala kuma bai yi sa'a da "wurin yin rajista", lands dinsa tabbas yana da vices na tsarin. Kuma dukiyar mafi rikice-rikice na itacen shine hygrostcopicity. Gefe guda, canza yanayin zafi, ya danganta da yanayin muhalli, itace yana iya daidaita yanayin wannan matsakaici na mutum, a cikin iyakokin ruwa daga iska (Morpong) ta hanyar bangon tantanin halitta (MORPPPPPPPPPPPPPPAL) (nityorptom). M Party, ikon sukar yana haifar da nakin zafi, har ma don ƙarfafa. Ya sanya dakuna tare da low weeding da kiwo. Yayi bushe sosai, ana iya sauƙaƙe haske, don haka mai haɗari na wuta.
Abubuwan da aka lissafa sun bambanta ba kawai daga nau'in itace daban-daban ba. Fasali na jiki na iya bambanta sosai a cikin tsarin iri ɗaya kuma harbin itace ɗaya. Haƙiƙa, kamar yadda babu wasu mutane miƙe guda biyu, babu bishiyoyi iri biyu. Misali, a cikin tsiri na tsakiya, godiya ga ɗan gajeren lokaci, itacen zai sami yawa da kananan tsarin fiye da irinsa, girma na kudu, a cikin wani yanayi mai kyau. Ko da a cikin yankin damina daya na itacen oak, girma a cikin ƙasa mai narkad ruwa, ya bambanta da launi, hoto na zagaye na shekara-shekara daga itacen oak, girma a kan bushe ƙasa.
Manufar tsarin gangar jikin yana ba giciye sashe. Yana yiwuwa a rarrabe da wadannan babban sassa: 1-bawo, 2-cambiumes, 3-zane, 4-core, 5-core. Tsawon girma na bangon sel na itace kusa da tushen, sannu a hankali canza wannan bangare ana kare shi, tsarin ya zama mafi ƙarfi da saukarwa. Wannan bangare na gangar jikin a wasu nau'ikan ana kiransa ainihin, a wasu bishiyoyi masu cikakke. Zabolov ana kiranta wani ƙaramin sashi da yake kusa da ɓawon burodi da ciwon sel live. Ya fi rigar, in mun gwada da sauƙi juyawa, yana da karami mai karami. Aljan ta, da rashin alheri, suna iya yiwuwa ne ga warping da bushewa. Core muhimmin "bututu ne" a tsakiyar gangar jikin - yana da karancin ƙarfi da sauƙi.
Biranen da ke faruwa ya bambanta da chlorofie tare da launi mai duhu da ƙananan danshi, ana kiranta "sauti". Littattafan sun haɗa da Pine, larch, itacen al'ul, itacen oak, fir, ɗan itacen, fir, fir, fir, fir, oak, linden, tsakiyar yanki ya bambanta da karami. Wannan nau'in "mai ɓawon haske ne". Hakanan akwai "Rots da Sabot wanda ba za a lura da banbanci mai mahimmanci tsakanin sassan na waje da waje na akwati. Littattafan sun haɗa da Birch, Maple, Alder, Aspen, da sauransu irin cikakken bayanin tsarin zai taimaka wa fahimtar samfuran da ya sa ya zama al'ada don rarrabe kayayyaki daga gare ta. Don haka, a yawancin kiwo, ragon radial suna da fa'idodi masu mahimmanci game da yanayin tengetry, mafi girma na Geometry mai zurfi kuma akwai kusan babu wani warping da filastik. Dangane da haka, farashin ya bambanta.
Tunda muka fara magana game da dutsen katako, bari mu zauna a kan waɗanda aka saba amfani dasu don yin babban jirgi.
Pine. Tun lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi sosai don ginin a arewacin da na Arewa da Matsakaici, kamar yadda aka rarrabe shi da dogon lokaci, madaidaiciya, madaidaiciya akwati. A Rasha, an yanke shawara ta yanke shawara da kuma zubar da, da kuma nuna nune-nuni. Itace ba ta musamman ba ce, amma mai sauƙin aiki, bugun jini, mai tsayayya da dawwama a cikin kayayyaki daban-daban. Tare da Pine an sanya shi mai sauƙi, amma a duk abin da yake da wahala da wawa. Barci da kyau kuma yana ci gaba da manne. An bambanta mafi kyawun halaye ta Pine, a kan bushe yashi mai tsayi (haske, hakoma). Yana da m kuma an matsa, ƙwayar ƙwayar kaka kowane yanki yana da faɗi. Mafi yawan muni Pine, girma akan wuraren narkewa (ere, Mendova). Tana da itace da waka mai fadi daya. Pine shahararrun saboda ƙarancin farashin da yaduwa kuma ya dace da suturar ƙasa. Koyaya, launinta da tsarinta ba su da kyau sosai, bugu da ƙari, dents da karce, suna daga sheqa) suna cikin sauƙi a ciki.
Larch. Daya daga cikin mafi kyawun nau'in bishiyoyi. Ba makawa a cikin gini. Duk da sauƙin, an rarrabe itace ta firamare da ƙarfi, mafi girman a wannan itacen oak kuma kawai kaɗan ba shi da ƙarfi a gare shi cikin taurin kai. Daidai ya jimre duka a cikin iska da ruwa. Sakamakon abun da ke ciki na musamman na guduro (zhizitsa) yana da tsayayya ga rotting, kwari-abin shafawa, baya buƙatar maganin rigakafi ne. Haka kuma, a kan lokaci, larch itace kawai samun ƙarfi kawai. Tare da bushewa kusan babu jituwa. Tare da bushewa na wuri, ya bushe sosai, kuma lokacin da ke daidaita yanayin rashin yarda, hanyoyin suna da ƙarfi. A hankali kuma kayan aikin hannu yana sarrafa shi sosai. Wannan itace tana da bambanci a cikin zane, mai wadatar a cikin canjin launi kuma tana da matukar ma'ana.
Itacen oak. Wannan itace mai ƙarfi da itace mai dorewa. A kan spirers, shekara-shekara yadudduka an bayyana shi sosai, a cikin bazara ɓangaren da akwai pores da yawa. Halayyar ta musamman na Dub - kasancewar m da lokacin farin ciki maharan. Yarinya itace da aka nuna ta launin ruwan kasa, taurin kai da sassauci. Tsohuwar itace rawaya da rauni. Yawancin nau'ikan itacen oak an san su, amma ana iya raba su zuwa ƙungiyoyi biyu. Cruiser ya hada da bishiyoyi girma a kudu da kuma halayyar cewa ganye a cikin bazara, amma fada kawai a cikin hunturu ko ma fada cikin bazara lokacin "zai" karce "matasa. Wannan nau'in ana kiranta itacen oak hunturu, kuma itace ya fi mahimmanci. Wata rukunin itacen oak an san shi da gaskiyar cewa ororns suna zaune a kan dogayen stiffs. Waɗannan sune abin da ake kira oak itacen oak. Itatuwansu da ɗan itaciya, irin wannancotte da launin toka, yana da ƙananan cikin sharuddan halayenta. Mafi kyawun itace yana ba da itacen 80-150 shekara, girma a cikin gandun daji mai yawa (Chernolesie). Azumi Oak na OAƙ oak ba a bambanta da kyawawan bishiyoyi, kamar yadda Trunks ɗin su suke, a matsayin mai mulkin, squat, lokacin farin ciki. Kwararru suna ɗaukar itacen oak don daidaitaccen, kwatanta wasu jinin itace tare da itace.
Ash. Yana da itace mai haske tare da m "overflow" zane-zane. A karkashin yanayi mai kyau, zai iya cimma nasarar girma da kauri. Hardness ya fi oak. Wannan itaciyar tana da yawa, mai nauyi, amma na roba. Ash din ya kula da canje-canjen Atmosheric, cikin bushe-bushe yana da ƙarfi sosai, amma, kasancewa ɗan shaye-shaye, yana da sauƙin rikitarwa.
Maple. Itace mai haske, kusan fari, tare da nau'ikan ƙananan silky yayyafa. Yana da yawa, wanda ya nuna matsakaicin ƙarfin hali kuma kusan ba shi da costera. Maple ba shi da saukin kamuwa da cajin da tsayayya da Dizogt da kyau, yana da kyau Masters da kuma kanmu, wanda Masters News ya ce: "Tastocin Newles Sabon, Tagles da ..."). Klennodnoqua Maple sun haɗa da Maple Punion, Maple Fari, YAVOR, jirgin sama. Lattersearshen yana sanannun itace itace mai laushi mai launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi tare da launin ruwan kasa.
Beech. Wani nau'in capricious tare da ruwan hoda-launin ruwan hoda da yawa-manyan-duhu-duhu mai shinge. Kadan da ƙarancin ƙarfi na itacen oak, amma lokacin da bushewa yana da yawa kiwo. A baya can, itaciyar ba ta da ƙwayar cuta, an yanke shi a tsakiyar lokacin rani, sannan kuma bayan shekara, sun ga a cikin ruwa kuma sun ajiye a cikin ruwa. Beech The beech yana cikin sauƙin crated kuma bayan bushewa, yana riƙe da sifar da aka makala na dogon lokaci. An yi amfani da wannan ingancin a cikin samar da shahararrun lanƙwasa kayan daki. Da kyau ya dace da kera Veneer.
Birch. An san shi da haske, kusan farin itace tare da m yanayin rubutu. Mafarki mai inganci daga wasu nau'ikan, Birch bashi da bambance-bambance masu mahimmanci a cikin kadarorin sa, fadama kusan babu bambanci da itace mai sauti. Ya juya daidai, sills, sawn da jirgin sama. Sannu a hankali kuma da wuya inganta, kuma yana da matukar fatattaka da sauri. Gabaɗaya, Cikin Cikin Birch, kamar yadda yake kula da zafi. Mafi kyawun itace yana ba da shekaru 40-50, sannan kyawawan halaye sun ragu sosai. Tsohuwar itace kyakkyawa ce.
Rosewood. Shuka a cikin yanayin zafi na Kudancin Amurka da gabashin India. Kyawawan, mahimmanci, amma abu mai tsada sosai tare da wari mai daɗi, wanda ya kasance ana kiranta "itacen violet." Itace mai tsauri ne, mai yawa,-fiber da kuma kyawawan, kodayake cikin sharuddan ƙarfi ya fi ƙarfin ja. Duhu mai duhu tare da jikin ruwan shunayya masu launin shuɗi tare da launin shuɗi, suna haifar da zane mai kyau. A tsawon lokaci, da Rosewood Drackers ga baki.
Yana sanya kwamiti mai girma
Ya kamata a dage farawa a cikin ɗakuna waɗanda ke haɗuwa da buƙatun fasaha don bautar kayan katako na itace. M shine yarda da yanayin masu zuwa:
- Duk kayan aikin da aka yi amfani da su dole ne su wuce ɗaukar hoto a cikin ɗakin da za a hau shi, aƙalla kwanaki uku (fiye da mako guda).
- Itace danshi ya kamata ya zama 8-10% (matsakaicin izini ana ɗaukarsa 12%).
- Motocin mayafi suna cikin matakin gyara na ƙarshe.
- Ya kamata a shigar da kwalaye da kuma kofuna masu kofa a cikin wuraren gabatarwa, masu amfani da kuma yadda tushe, ganuwar da, ba shakka ya kamata a shace.
- Ya kamata a kammala kwanciya tayali mai narkewa, kamar yadda yake "rigar tsari", musamman idan akwai mai haɗin gwiwa a cikin ɗaki ɗaya na mayafin bene guda biyu (alal misali, lokacin haɗa dafa abinci da ɗakin zama da falo.
- Da kyau, idan ɗanurinan dangi na ciki yana da 40-60%.
A zahiri, bayan haka tare da kyawawan ƙaho mai tsada, babu matsala, ya zama dole don shirya tushen daidai. Hanyoyin naúrar su naúrar suna da yawa. Za'a zaɓi zaɓin da ya dace gwargwadon irin zango a cikin gidan, da kuma damar da kuke so. Za'a iya sanya kwamitin da aka girka a kan refforceces karfafa belors: A kan screed da rags; a kan screed da fane; a kan lags da paneur ba tare da zubar da screed ba; a daidaita faener. A kan katako da kuma gaure da overlps, an sanya shi a kan lags da Faera; A kan lags da faranti (OSP, Chipboard, Fierboard); a kan lags da katako na katako. Za mu gaya muku a cikin ƙarin cikakken bayani game da shirye-shiryen filaye don shigarwa na saitunan cosisty banda a cikin waɗannan littattafanmu.
Kafin kwanciya allo, m minding na wani slab ko kuma katangar datti da ribbon nin gram na 40 ko 63 (p30 ko p40) ne ake gudanarwa. Gasa ƙasa an tsabtace ƙura. Hukumar da aka haɗu ta hanyar samfurori na 335-14mm Samfara tare da fage na 20-30 cm. Prewiden ya hau kan kusurwa na 50. Layi na farko yana hawa azaman tsagi da bango . Idan an sanya shi a kan ɗakin kwana (plywood, OSP, katako na katako, wanda aka yi amfani da shi tare da spatula a farfajiya. Koyaya, ba shi yiwuwa a sanya hukumar kawai don manne ne kawai. Yana inganta ingancin kwanciya, amma ba wani bangare ne mai mahimmanci ba lokacin da aka kafa, haɓakar abin da aka hau ya zama dole a kowane yanayi.
A shimfidar shimfidar shimfidar wuri ne a cikin magana da katanga na tsaye. Idan ya cancanta, suna da ƙarfi tare da wedges. Tsakanin ruwa da ganuwar da ke kusa da kewaye da lallai yana yin rata na shekaru 7-10mm. Na farko da layuka na ƙarshe na allon an gyara tare da hujjoji na kai kuma ta hanyar goshin fuska, amma don haka a nan gaba da kyan gani ya zama ɓoye. A lokacin da kwanciya allon, fiye da 150 cm bayyane shi ma ana bada shawarar ƙarin hawa a gaban farfajiya. An fassara Fuskantar da fuska zuwa zurfin zobe na 9-10mm kuma a rufe shi da damuwa (zai fi dacewa da katako guda ɗaya).
Idan tsararre a cikin yanayin masana'antar, a cikin samarwa ba a amfani da shi ba, hukumar ta yi grinning kuma an rufe shi da bukatar tinting, man, kakin zuma) varnish. Ya kamata a lura cewa nika yana da ma'ana don kashe duk fitilun shigarwa don haka farfajiyar ta zama mai santsi.
Don mafi yawan yankin, an bada shawara don amfani da tef da faifai grinders, cikin wurare masu wuya, a bangon, a cikin sasanninta ƙananan hannu ne da kuma na musamman. An dauki tef Absaye, a gefe guda 100, to 80 da 60. Jiyya na da injin diski ya yi amfani da kayan ɓoyayyen na 120 ko 160 μm. Kinging koyaushe ana aiwatar da shi a cikin shugabanci na sanya bene. Idan an lura da duk yanayin fasaha a kan shigarwa na shafi, don isa saman ingantaccen inganci wanda aka cire a cikin adadin itace fiye da 1mm.
Bayan ƙarshen niƙa da hankali cire daga farfajiya na ƙura nan da nan ci gaba zuwa shafi allo da varnish. Idan ya kamata ya tinto itacen, da farko ta shafa kayan toning, sa'an nan kuma varnish. Tun da nika ya bayyana tsarin itace, yayin applix na farko, varna ta shiga cikin zurfin pores. An bada shawara don amfani da akalla yadudduka uku na varnish, yana samar da matsakaici matsakaici tare da injin diski. Varnish, da kakin zuma da kuma aka kirkiro abubuwan mai ba kawai don ba da kyakkyawan tsari ba, amma kuma kare itace daga lalacewar inji da danshi azanci.
| Mai masana'anta | Kiwo | Iri-iri | Girman | Farashi, $ na 1M2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Royal Woodkraft, United Kingdom | Beech | "Natur" | 120012022. | 72. |
| "Zaɓi" | 120012022. | 111. | ||
| Itacen oak | Ƙasa | 120012022. | 59. | |
| "Natur" | 120012022. | 77. | ||
| "Zaɓi" | 120012022. | 119. | ||
| Mafle | Ƙasa | 120012022. | 75. | |
| "Natur" | 120012022. | 95. | ||
| "Zaɓi" | 120012022. | 149. | ||
| Leonardo, Italiya | Dossia | - | 120012022. | 93. |
| Iroko | - | 120012022. | 96. | |
| Mafle | "Natur" | 120012022. | 103. | |
| Toka | "Natur" | 120012022. | 87. | |
| Nolte, Jamus | Itacen oak | "Naturtik" | Daga 10001321. | 120. |
| "Rustic Antique" | Daga 10001321. | 111. | ||
| "Natur" Bleied | Daga 100012521. | 149. | ||
| "Natur" | Daga 100012521. | 97. | ||
| "Rustic" | Daga 10001321. | 85. | ||
| Fama | - | Daga 10001321. | 121. | |
| Mafle | Alamar yau | Daga 100012521. | 137. | |
| "Natur" | Daga 100012521. | 177. | ||
| Macera | - | Daga 10001321. | 143. | |
| Mahagon | - | Daga 10001321. | 141. | |
| MERBAAU | - | Daga 10001321. | 111. | |
| Woodroom, Rasha | Itacen oak, ash | "Premium", yanke radial yanke | 600-150080-90 | 55. |
| 600-1500127-135 | 75. | |||
| "Zaɓi", yanke radial | 600-150080-90 | 45. | ||
| 600-1500127-135 | 60. | |||
| "Premium", yanke-gado | 600-1500127-135 | 55. | ||
| Larshi | "Premium", yanke radial yanke | 600-150080-90 | 36. | |
| 600-1500127-135 | 46. | |||
| "Zaɓi", yanke radial | 600-150080-90 | talatin | ||
| 600-1500127-135 | 40. | |||
| "Premium", yanke-gado | 600-15105-110 | 32. | ||
| Beech | "Premium", yanke radial yanke | 600-150080-90 | 55. | |
| 600-1500127-135 | 65. | |||
| "Zaɓi", yanke radial | 600-150080-90 | 45. | ||
| 600-1500127-135 | 55. | |||
| Matax, Russia | Itacen oak | "Natur" | 600-180012520. | 62. |
| Beech | "Natur" | 600-180012520. | 62. | |
| Ash Rasha | "Natur" | 600-180012520. | 62. | |
| Tsabtace Kanada | "Zaɓi" | 600-180012520. | 90. | |
| Maple Kanada | "Zaɓi" | 600-180012520. | 110. | |
| Ba'amurke Ba'amurke | "Natur" | 600-180012520. | 155. | |
| Wenge Zir. | "Natur" | 600-180012520. | 228. | |
| "Obnunsinsky Parquet shuka", Russia | Itacen oak | "Karin" | 1200120202020. | 49. |
| "Natur" | 1200120202020. | 34. | ||
| "Radial" | 1200120202020. | 59. | ||
| "Zabi" | 100014022. | 42. | ||
| Toka | "Firayim" | 140014022. | 67. | |
| "Zabi" | 140014022. | 57. | ||
| Beech | "Firayim" | 160012022. | 62. | |
| "Zabi" | 100014022. | 42. | ||
| Junckers, Denmark | Oak | "Classic" | 240012920.5 | 126. |
| "Cathy" | 240012920.5 | 116. | ||
| "Bambancin" | 240012920.5 | 109. | ||
| MERBAAU | - | 220012920.5 | 100-109 s. | |
| "Siberian Babbar", Russia | Itacen oak | "Karin" | 200012522. | 54. |
| "Class A" | 200012522. | 47. | ||
| Larshi | "Elite", yanke radial yanke | 1000-250013022. | 39. | |
| "A ware A", radial yanke | 1000-250013022. | 32. |
Editocin suna godiya ga kamfanonin da aka yi wa katako, zauren gidan parquet, Cibiyar Partet don kayan da aka bayar.