Binciken kasuwar kasuwar kasuwa: Wasu bayanai masu alaƙa, azuzuwan tattalin arzikin makamashi, farashin.
Sanarwar sun daɗe kuma sun shiga rayuwar yau da kullun na mutum. Kuma, buɗe ƙofar mafi kyau, bamu damu da nasu iri ba. Gaskiya ne, har lokacin ya zo don siyan sabon "aboki na sanyi".
A da, zabi firiji abu ne mai sauki, wanda aka lalala ta hanyar kasuwar kasuwa. Don ingantaccen ƙira, dole ne in tsaya a layi na dogon lokaci, amma don haka yana iya yin alfahari da nuna maƙwabta "ko kuma" Biryusaya ". Dukansu ranakun kamfanoni da yawa na kamfanonin suna ba da kayayyakinsu ga masu sayen Rasha sun wuce dozin biyu, kuma adadin samfuran da aka samar da su don daruruwan biyu. Avtada akwai wasu kabad da aka daskarewa da su sukan rikice tare da daskarewa na firiji. A zahiri, injin daskarewa babbar injin daskarewa ne. Wadannan na'urori suma sun bambanta sosai, kuma tabbas za mu kula da ɗayan waɗannan lambobin log.
A duniya
Ya kamata a biya kulawa ta musamman ga ƙasar ƙasar, tun bayan samfuran Turai, Asiya da cikin gida suna bambanta a cikin masu girma dabam kuma, ba shakka, inganci. Saukar kamfanoni na Turai suna bin ka'idodin gargajiya: Sanarwa suna da fadi ɗaya da zurfi (60cm) tare da manyan daban-daban (daga160 zuwa 200cm). Kasuwancin Turai suna da yawa, kunkuntar, ana iya "matsi" koda a cikin babban kitchen. Mai warkarwa yawanci a kasan, firiji sama. UAVIAN (Jafananci da Korean) Model na Koriya, nisa da 70-80 cm, kuma suna da kyau ga babban dafa abinci. Af, yana iya zama da wahala tare da isar da irin wannan firiji, saboda daidaitaccen ƙofar ba ya wuce da 66cm. Kamannin cikin gida yafi dacewa da ka'idodin Turai, kodayake wasu zurfin don girke-girke da yawa (63cm). Yawanci, ana iya kiran Ba'amurke manyan manyan masu sanyaya tare da ƙofofin biyu masu kumbura (seedbyside). Ga ɗayansu, ya fi girma (yawanci dama), mai sanyaya ne, kuma bayan wani, mafi kunkunta, ya zama mai laushi. Jin daɗin babban girma, da ginanniyar janareta, da aka gyara na kai, atomatik mai guba ne na INA da kuma lantarki yana cinye farashin $ 1200-2500.
Zabi da kuma warware wurin ga firiji, yi tunani game da yadda za'a iya yi shi a can. Wannan ya dace musamman ga samfuran daukaka (Samsung, maƙaryaci, da kaifi idr.). Da kyau, idan dole ne kawai cire ƙofar tare da madauki a cikin dafa abinci. Kuma idan abin da yake tare da firiji ya kasa kunna matakala?
Ja don rike - ƙofar kuma tana buɗewa
Kayan firiji biyu-biyu (a zahiri, biyu-biyu) suna ba da damar shiga cikin kayan sanyaya da injin daskarewa. The girma na injin daskarewa yana da girma sosai. Irin wannan ƙirar wata ce ta "biyu a cikin ɗaya": a saman firiji, a ƙasan daskarewa, ko akasin haka. Matsakaicin tsayi na kayan aikin - 2m. An riga an ambaci banda manyan models tare da ƙofofin m, inda abubuwan firiji da injin daskarewa suke cikin ɗaya.
Kwanan nan, samfuran daki uku sun fara bayyana a kasuwa. Ana kiran dakin uku mai sanyi (sifili) kuma ana amfani dashi don dogon lokaci (makonni da aka sani) kiyaye kayayyaki a cikin yanayin sabo. Ana kiyaye zafin jiki a nan game da 0s. Kyamarar tana yawanci tsakanin firiji da injin daskarewa. Girman sa zai iya isa 200l (misali, a cikin samfurin Ksf3202 daga BOSC), kuma wataƙila ƙanana - 80l (Er8620H daga Edficix). Gr403 SVQF daga lg daga lg daga lg daga EPFN300300300 an sa kyamara don daskarewa ko yanayin sanyaya. Af, raba daban sashe na ma'aurata firiji za'a iya sanya shi a karkashin yanayin ajiya ("Biofresh") (as, alal misali, a cikin samfurin KGB3646 a cikin ƙiyayya).
Girma mai amfani
Da kyau, menene girma dabam? Shin ya zama dole? Tabbas ba haka bane. Ana buƙatar ƙirƙirar ƙirar hermetic da zafin jiki. Bayan haka, idan an kashe wutar, dole ne firiji ya riƙe sanyi na ɗan lokaci. An aiwatar da gwaje-gwaje, manufar wacce ita ce ma'anar lokaci, wanda yawan zafin jiki a cikin injin daskarewa zai ƙara yawan -18do -9C. Ya juya baya wannan fiye da wasu suna riƙe da sanyin sanyi da whirlpool (18 h 10 min) da kaifi mai wahala "rashin daidaituwa" (11 h 50 min).
Ainihin amfani da amfanin mai amfani na firiji yana ba ku damar ɗaukar ƙarin samfuran. Auna da aka nuna cewa matsakaicin yankin ajiya (tabbatacce duk shelves, kofofin kofa, pallets da kwantena) a cikin Siemens Models (1.49 M2) da kaifi (1.49 m2) da kaifi (1.49 m2) da kaifi (1.49 m2). Gilashin za a iya yi da gilashin da ba a hana ko kuma fitar da letan karfe ba. Gilashin yana da kyau sosai, amma sanya su babban kwanon rufi tare da borsch ko matsawa (kamar yadda suke son yin waƙoƙin mu) mai ban tsoro ne, ko da duk da tabbacin lodi na B25kg. Af, shekaru biyu da suka wuce akwai gunaguni a kan shelves a cikin firiji na Samsung. Amma saboda na adalci, ya kamata a lura cewa Samsung musayar musayar ba kawai fashe ba, har ma da shelfes a duk shelves a kan kari. Gaggen, Bosch, Siemens suna samar da firiji tare da gilashin biyu da shelves guda biyu, amma whirlpool-kawai tare da ƙarfe. Akasin haka, an shigar da shelves kawai gilashin gilashi a cikin samfuran Samsung, daewoo da kaifi. Irin wannan sadaukarwa da ba a sani ba ga hanya wani lokaci yana cutar: mai kula da mai kula zai iya barin firiji nan da nan da aka yi shi na musamman gilashi.
A shelar suna a haɗe a cikin tsagi a jikin groverorator (Brandt, whirlpool) ko kuma rikodin wasu ƙa'idodi guda huɗu a cikin ganyayyen filaye (BOSCH, Siems). Zaɓin farko da alama mafi aminci, amma a zahiri suna daidai.
Labuleths na sanyi
Kyamar kyamarar firiji ta zamani ba kawai akwati ba a cikin wanda ƙarancin zafin jiki ya sami ceto. Don ƙirƙirar yanayin ajiya mafi kyau don samfuran samfuran, a cikin samfura da yawa (alal misali, erb3400x daga Eldrolux, SR-LG28FV daga Samsung) ana aiwatar da ksr3895 daga Bosch). Sakamakon tasirin iska yana gudana daga ɓangarorin daban daban suna ba da sauri da kayan santsi na samfurori. A lokaci guda, a cikin na'urorin Gr-T daga LG, har ma da sassan ƙofofin suna busa. Akwai samfuran firiji (sace, Gr389sqf daga LG), wanda ya fi niyyar zafi "mai sa kai tsaye", wanda ya fadi cikin ɗakin, kuma kai tsaye kwararar kwararar iska mai sanyi a kai.
Kyamara mai sanyaya ba ta da arha: Yana ƙara farashin firiji a kusan 20-30%. Wannan shi ne mafi girma saboda gaskiyar cewa don kiyaye yawan zafin jiki da digo mai rauni yana buƙatar tsari daidai. Akwai irin wannan kyamarori har yanzu da wuya.
Ina sanyi koyaushe sanyi
A cikin aji na injin daskarewa ya ƙaddara ta hanyar zafin jiki, wanda yake da ikon ƙirƙira da kuma kula da. Ana nuna ta hanyar asterisks, wanda, a matsayin mai mulkin, a bayyane yake a bayyane akan ƙofar kyamara. Alamar an lalata kamar haka:
(*) - yayi dacewa da zazzabi -6c kuma yana ba da sauƙin ajiya na samfuran daskararre a cikin mako;
(**) - yayi dacewa da zazzabi -122c kuma yana samar da adana samfuran a cikin wata ɗaya;
(***) - Ya dace da zazzabi -188 kuma yana tabbatar da amincin samfuran daskararre na watanni uku, da kuma daskarewa da sabbin kayayyaki;
(****) - Ya yi dace da yanayin zafi a ƙasa -18C kuma yana ba ku damar adana daskararre da abinci mai ɗanɗano daga watanni shida zuwa shekara.
Manufofin zamani suna da yanayin Superzarozki. Sai ya juya lokacin da ya zama dole a daskare sabbin kayayyaki masu yawa (More3kg). A wannan yanayin, texressor na injin daskarewa ya fara aiki ci gaba har sai da zazzabi a cikin ɗakin ɗakuna ya sauka zuwa -18s. Bayan haka, ana kashe superfolder ta atomatik, kuma firiji ya tafi yanayin ajiya.
Hawaye daddare
(Gurasar mashaya biyu) tare da Manajan Kayan Ice (TPG 24 PF daga gaba mai sanyaya-ruwa dole ne sau da yawa rigar gashi, da kyamara ta daina zuwa sanyi. A yawancin na'urori masu zamani, wannan matsalar ba: Akwai tsarin thawing ta atomatik ko kuma sabili da haka, da haka, abin da ake kira kira da aka shigar. Yana da a bango na baya na gaba na ɗakin firiji, inda laima, condingsing, yawanci yana juya kai tsaye. A wasu lokuta, ana rufe firiji ta atomatik, bango yana dan narkewa da digo. Danshi ya shiga kwandon kan damfara kuma akwai ko dai taɓaya, ko kuma aika zuwa pallet a ƙarƙashin firiji. Ajobdow kayayyakin tare da iska mai sanyi yana tabbatar da daskarewa na daskarewa. Fa'idodi ga masu amfani sun kasance a bayyane: bai ɗauki lokaci zuwa kenan maita ba, an kiyaye samfuran kwarai da gaske, kar a kunna juna. Hakan koyaushe ana iya ganin an adana shi a cikin injin daskarewa kuma daga wane lokaci (idan kun yi lakabin da suka dace). Tsarin nofrost yana rage lokacin daskarewa samfurin. Bayan buɗe kofa mai daskarewa, zazzabi a ciki an mayar da shi sosai cikin sauri, wanda ke rage ƙarfin amfani da kaya a kan damfara.
Koyaya, ƙirar tare da irin wannan tsarin ba zai iya fita daga cikin talakawa ba, a al'adance shirya firiji. Me yasa? Da farko, sun fi tsada. Abu na biyu, ƙirar gargajiya suna iya ɗayan ɗaya da rabi - sau biyu don riƙe sanyi yayin taron karowa (bayan duk, babu tashoshin jirgin sama wanda ke yiwuwa). Abu na uku, a cikin firiji tare da tsarin nofrost, ana buƙatar samfuran iska, in ba haka ba daga 'ya'yan itatuwa za su fara cire dukkan danshi daga gare su (musamman daga' ya'yan itatuwa, berries). Na hudu, an yi imanin cewa irin waɗannan na'urori suna yin ƙarin amo (kusan 46DB), saboda amo daga cikin abubuwan ɗakunan komputa. Af, samfura biyu-mataki suna da amo a matakin 42DB, da kuma mafi kyawun samfuran da ke cikin gida da dare shine 35DBA).
"Kwakwalwar lantarki"
Idan ikon lantarki, ana iya saita zafin jiki zuwa digiri ɗaya sannan kuma yana sarrafa mahaɗan dijital. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, duk firiji suna sanye da alamun haske na haɗa kowane ɗabi'a mai amfani da yanayin zafin jiki wanda aka ɗaga lokacin da aka halarci zafin rana (kofa da aka hana). A wasu samfuran (AEG, LG, Bosch IDR), ana buƙatar faɗakarwar sauti na sauti don wannan yanayin. AEG da masu fitarwa sun yi, alal misali, fasalin mai amfani ne na haddara zafin jiki na tashe. Bari mu ce har sai masu mallakar gida, an kashe wutar lantarki, samfuran ya gudana, sannan ya sake daskarewa, sannan sake daskarewa. Daga wannan za su iya ganima. Ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya zai gyara abin da ya faru kuma ya sanya saƙo mai dacewa a allon nuni.
Magoya bayan mamaki na kwarai na cibiyoyin sadarwa na zamani shirya LG. Lokaci na kusa a Rasha za su fara sayar da abin da ake kira firiji na Intanet, waɗanda ke da damar shiga cikin kai tsaye ga aikin duniya. A cikin sabon samfurin, an gina kwamfutar cikin, kuma a gaban kwamiti-firikwensin ruwa 15-inch turnal.
Mafi mashahuri firiji tare da girma na kusan 350l, sanye da "kwakwalwar lantarki" (bari mu ce, da alamu "Atlant", STINO, Ardo), zaku iya siyan kusan $ 300. A matsakaita, $ 400-1000 zai kashe samfuran manyan samfuri (Masu-Ebrejis, Samsung, Gorenje, da LG, Siemens, Ariston). Ba a cikin m, ga firist irin kamfanonin kamar kayanni, AEG, maƙaryaci, da $ 1000, ƙananan farashin katako.
Kuznitsa Cold
Samfura tare da kayan maye guda biyu sune cigaba. Anan, tsarin zafin jiki na firiji da injin daskarewa an shigar da shi da kansa, tunda kowannensu yana aiki da tsarin damfara. Circobi na sanyaya ɗakunan biyu ababta ne, don haka mutum zai iya haɗawa ba tare da nuna wariyar wani ba. Abin da ya dace sosai, alal misali, lokacin tashi hutu, lokacin da kuka bar injin daskarewa kawai. Domin dakin da ba na aiki ba ya ci gaba, ana kiyaye zafin jiki a ciki + 15C. Assuue jerin gwano, idan ya cancanta, wanda ba a daidaita shi ba, ba lallai ba ne don cire haɗin duka firiji. Saboda 'yanci daga' yanci daga 'yanci, yana da sauƙin tsara superefolders da kuma hanzarta hanyoyin sanyaya. Coman ɗakuna biyu ba lallai ba lallai ba lallai ba ne da kayan aiki biyu, don haka kar ka manta gano wannan siga daga mai siyarwa. Amma ga gaɓuɓɓukan, lokaci daya ne - babban farashi a cikin firiji biyu-mataki.
Kuma mafi mahimmancin cikakken bayani: mai samar da firiji na iya amfani da ɗakunan wani sanannun masana'antar masana'antar masana'antar masana'antar masana'antar masana'antar masana'antu. Wannan ba dalili bane don shakkar amincin kayan. Don haka, alal misali, Bosch yana amfani da masu ɗali'u na matsushita damuwa, da kuma dalilai na Danfoss.
A cikin shigo da firiji da aka kawo zuwa ga kasuwa, da kungiyoyin CFC) ba a amfani dashi azaman firiji, wanda aka san shi, "ci" ozone. Whee "gidaje" kwarara hydrocarbon mahadi (isobutane da cyclopentane) ko cyclopentane) ko cakuda daskararru. Zaka iya, ba shakka, lura cewa shekaru arba'in da suka gabata kuma game da daskararren freon R12 babu wanda ya ce wani mummunan abu. Ita ce maƙiyi, me kuma za ta bincika, da kuma duk halin da ake samu tare da freon kusan wani bincike ne. Ta hanyar yarjejeniya tsakanin kasashen Turai, fers R12 da R22 sun kwace, da R134A (kungiyoyin HFC) za a haramta su daga 2030. Amma Rasha da Amurka ba su tallafa wa irin wannan tsare-tsaren ba, an tattauna matsalar, ana tattaunawa game da masana kimiyya. Mai siye da yanayin da firiji ya shafi wanda ya shafi amincin firiji da aikinta a cikin dogon lokaci (20). Brong Rerarigerant yana ƙara zama mashahuri (amfani a cikin samfura daga AEG, mai firgita, mai ɗaukar hoto, Samsung Idr.).
Penny Ruble Cats
Tsarin zamani
Akwai firiji masu ban sha'awa tare da ƙofofin da suka fi kyau, amma waɗannan samfuran an tsara su ne kawai don adana abubuwan sha. Amma ga launi na Corps, wannan kakar yana da gaye "ƙarfe" da baki. Kuma ba shakka, na'urorin bakin karfe koyaushe m.
Ga masu kayatarwa na dafa abinci na zamani suna da kyau ginannun kayan firiji. Wani lokaci ne kawai kawai damar yin tsayayya da tsayayya da salon rajista guda, ba tare da mai da hankali ga manne kamar haƙoran haƙoran haƙora ba, cikin fargaba. Manyan firiji da aka gina da aka gindaya ana rufe shi kamar yadda sauran kayan dafa abinci suke yi. Abubuwan da suka dace da ƙira suna ɗaukar kullun samfuran Kitchen, da firiji ko daskararre ba sa bamban da tsakanin abubuwan da aka dakatar ko bene.
Da kyau, a ƙarshe, mun lura cewa kowane mai masana'anta yana da nasa sani-yadda wanda zaku iya sanin kanku da, zubar da littattafan tallace-tallace. Amma a shirya don gaskiyar cewa sau da yawa iri ɗaya iri ɗaya ne mai dacewa ƙarƙashin sunaye daban-daban. Halayyar wannan yanayin bambancin a kan batun nofrost. Ya kamata a ɗauka a cikin zuciyar cewa mafi yawan ƙira mafi yawan ƙira ba koyaushe ya dace da ku ba. Gyara mai sanyaya sananniyar fasaha na santsi na iya zama mara dadi a aiki ko ba daidai gwargwado ga matakin sabis wanda kuke tsammani. An sayi firiji na shekara guda, saboda haka a hankali zaku zabi, tsawon farin ciki sayan zai dawwama.
Wasu halaye na firiji
Masana'anta * | Abin ƙwatanci | Tsawo, nisa, zurfin, cm | Girma, l. | Yawan masu ɗawa, inji mai kwakwalwa. | Aji na makamashi | Fasas | Farashin, $ | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Aikin rigakafin | Injin daskarewa | |||||||
"Itace firist Stinol", Lipetsk (15) | RF-370. | 2006060. | 240. | 130. | 2. | Amma | Fitarwar atomatik na firiji, daskararre 4, low amo (38 dba) | 445. |
Cjsp "Atlant", Belarus (18) | Mxm-1700 | 1766063. | 260. | 80. | 2. | Cikin | Taya atomatik Tani, Yanayin daskarewa na sauri | 415. |
Oumo "ZIL", Moscow (2) | "ZIL 64" | 1385965. | 230. | talatin | ɗaya | Cikin | Ta atomatik Thawing na firiji, shiryayye tare da tsarin zafin jiki 0s | 170. |
LLC "SePO-Zem", STAV (4) | "Saatov 1614" | 1145948. | 150. | goma sha biyar | ɗaya | Amma | Yanayin SuperManagement | 160. |
AEG, Sweden (7) | AEGASA 8088KG. | 1708981. | 421. | 139. | 2. | B. | Tsarin Nofrosting, Dokar ta atomatik, ƙararrawa ta bakin karfe, bakin karfe | 2790. |
Ardo, Italiya (15) | AYC30. | 1755754. | 206. | 78. | ɗaya | C. | Yanayin Autonomous - 18h, 3 daskararre masu daskararru, shelves lattice | 318. |
Brandt, Faransa (8) | Daga 39 Akhmk | 1876066. | 263. | 127. | ɗaya | Amma | Maimaitawa ta atomatik, 4 daskararren draders, ƙarfe na ƙarfe | 780. |
Bosch, Jamus (14) | KGV 3105. | 1706065. | 198. | 105. | 2. | B. | Yanuwa ta atomatik, Yanayin gyara-Super-gyara, tsarin ƙasa, ƙirar softline tare da zagaye gaban (Bombee) | 529. |
KGU 6655 Magnum | 1789286. | 470. | 261. | 2. | B. | Rubuta gefen Bango, Nofrost, Cold Coldasser da Ice Bayar da Ice, Masu Gudanar da danshi 3 | 2070. | |
Candy, Italiya (15) | CFB 37/13 | 1856060. | 234. | 101. | ɗaya | C. | Yanayin atomatik, Yanayin sanyi mai sauri, tsarin da yawa | 542. |
Gaggenax, Sweden (17) | Er 8369b. | 1846060. | 216. | 95. | ɗaya | B. | Gudanarwa na inji | 599. |
ErB 3400x. | 1806062. | 240. | 82. | 2. | B. | Tsarin iko na Fuy Gudanar da tsarin, Yanayin Super-Buga, Yanayin mai sanyi | 1029. | |
Janar na lantarki, Korea (33) | TFG 30 PFD. | 1779182. | 515. | 315. | 2. | B. | Tsarin microprocessor, tsarin bincike, mai sanyaya sanyaya, mai sanyaya, janareta na kankara, Mini Bar | 3895. |
Gorenie, Slovenia (45) | K28 OPLB. | 1596064. | 205. | 59. | ɗaya | Cikin | Gudanarwa na inji | 650. |
Kaiser, Jamus (6) | AK 310 | 1775560. | 119. | 82. | 2. | C. | Tsarin nofrosting, defrosting atomatik, yanayin mai kaishi - 20H | 550. |
LG, Korea (90) | Gr 389 SQF. | 1806063. | 108. | 272. | 2. | B. | Babu tsarin sanyi, samar da iska mai yawa, sarrafa kwamfuta, matakan sarrafa zazzabi 5 | 649. |
Liebherr, Jamus (47) | KGB ES 4046. | 1986063. | 153. | 85. | 2. | Cikin | Ikon lantarki, tsarin sanyi, kyamara "biofresh" (0с), sarrafa yanayin yanayin | 1670. |
Merwani, Italiya (27) | Indesit CG 241W. | 2006060. | 255. | 125. | 2. | C. | Gudanar da Lantarki, Yanayin Autonomas - 20H, wurare masu hawa | 407. |
Ariston Erfv 402 x S | 1966060. | 255. | 125. | 2. | B. | Atomatik daskarewa ta atomatik, aikin daskarewa mai sauri, iska rai iska rai rai | 809. | |
Miele, Italiya (6) | KD 3524 SED | 180.575612. | 334. | 86. | 2. | Amma | Tsarin Alamar Sadar Samfurin Dozen tare da kalanda ajiya | 1701. |
Samsung, Korea (21) | SR-57nxa. | 1817472. | 423. | 147. | 2. | B. | Tsarin babu sanyi, sharar iska mai ruwan sama na sama-ruwa, swiveel ƙasa don kankara | 1030. |
Sharp, Japan (6) | SJ-63l | 1727674. | 384. | 151. | 2. | B. | Gudanar da Lantarki, Magoya bayan 2, Cours na Jirgin Sama | 910. |
Siemens, Jamus (13) | Ks39v71 | 1707064. | 286. | 94. | 2. | Cikin | Gudanar da Lantarki, Ikon atomatik THAWing, Yanayin Super-gyara | 772. |
Vestfros, Denmark (27) | BKF404-04 Al | 2016060. | 253. | 120. | 2. | B. | Gudanar da lantarki, babu tsarin sanyi, babu tsarin sanyi, rashin daidaituwa na atomatik, ƙofofin waje | 920. |
Whirlpool, Sweden (17) | Arz 539. | 2026959. | 267. | 121. | 2. | Cikin | Gudanar da microprocessor, atomatik spaning na injin daskarewa, yanayin sanyi mai sauri, yanayin rage rabin | 708. |
* - A cikin baka ya nuna adadin ƙirar da kamfanin ke samarwa