Fasali na na'urar, yin amfani da windows da ke aiki a rufin da aka kafa.
Decor na attic ba zai yiwu ba tare da yin la'akari da haske na ɗakin, girma da sanyi na taga tufafi.
Ana iya gano windows na mansard daban: biyu, ƙungiyoyi, ɗaya akan ɗayan.
Windows sune idanun gidan, da taimakon waɗanda mutane suke rayuwa a cikin rana, wata, taurari - ba a cikin ma'ana ba. Labarinmu akan fasalulluka na na'urar, amfani da aikin irin wannan windows.
Rayuwa tana da kwanciyar hankali a cikin ɗakin da aka zauna?
Yawancinmu sun sami damar son sanyin gwiwa, idan ba Rasha ba, Paris, Berlin, London, a mafi munin ƙarshen - Warsaw. Wadanda suka yi sa'a da suke shirya kansu, tabbas matsalar ta taso: windows windows ne da kuma wane irin shiri? Kafin amsar wannan tambayar, ya sa hankali ne a fahimci menene wani salo irin wannan kuma wane irin nau'in windows na Mansard suke.A cikin gine-ginen da aka kira attic kira ko karkatar da windows a cikin rufin da aka kafa. Yawancin lokaci an shirya su a cikin ɗakin dakuna na rufin - ɗakin kwana kuma cikin Ingilishi har yanzu ana kiranta Deromer. A superstrusture a kan rufin, kare da kuma musamman tsara taga a tsaye, ana magana da shi azaman Lug-in. Wannan kalmar ana amfani dashi azaman kalma ce don karamin windows a tsaye. Cute na iya zama triangular, rectangular, maƙarƙashiya, a cikin hanyar emisphere; Frames su suna da tsari da ya dace. Yawancin lokaci, an shirya Lug-da aka shirya a cikin rufin da aka kafa.
Matsalar zabi
Handar Windows takamaiman ne kamar yadda yake cikin bayyanar kuma a cikin ayyukan su. Daya daga cikin ayyukan Architect shine mahimmancin kirkirar insoration, wato, madaidaicin wurin buɗewa da sauran tsarin canzawa don samun ingantaccen kashi na ultraviolet. Abubuwan da ake buƙata don inadari da haske na ɗakin ɗakin "canje-canje a cikin N 2 a cikin ɓangaren ɗakunan ajiya" Snip "gine-ginen mazaunin" 2.08.019. An san cewa sakin abu ya haifar da gurbata radiation na ultravolus wani karuwa cikin ciwace-ciwacen cuta, kuma rashin haifar da haɓakar cutarwar, wata cuta ta tarin cuta da sauran cututtukan cututtukan cuta. A cikin jawabai guda, a cikin ɗaki a cikin ɗaki, Mezzanines da kan karagu - tare da wuce gona da iri, a cikin wuraren da aka ruwaito na ƙasa - don yin ta musamman Matakan don rage hasken hasken rana gwargwadon iko. A cikin duka halayen, ana buƙatar windows na ƙirar musamman. Yankinsu ya zama gwargwado a yankin bene. A cikin ɗaki, alal misali, wannan rabo ne na 1:10.
A cikin gine-ginen gida na zamani, akwai aikinta na zabar windows don benaye. A cewar Lissichian na Architecture LV Gihlukhi, windows da aka sanya a Lur-luverns "don ci gaba da kiyaye tsarin ginin, yayin da jimlar kowane rufin gida, ya kamata wuce rabin tsawonsa. " Dangane da haka, ana bada shawarwari na girman da kuma sanya kayan taga yakamata ya zama na gani sama da mita 1.9-2 daga bene, da kuma Abincin gani na mutum mai zaman ya kamata ya sami ferris sashen akalla 15% tare da bude taga. "
Wani babban aiki yana fuskantar masanin gine-gine yana da alaƙa da samun iska mai hankali. Rashin iska mai yawa yana haifar da zane, asarar zafi kuma, a sakamakon haka, ga mura, overthating na iska, yana haifar da ciwon kai, rikice-rikice na rayuwa a cikin jiki. A cikin kowane yanayi, taga muhimmin abu ne na duka halittar halitta da kuma wucin gadi, wanda kai tsaye ya dogara da lafiyar mazaunan gidan.
A cikin kashi 50% na swabobies, masu laifi sun fada cikin gidan ta taga. Muhimmin aiki shine sanya shi mai ban tsoro a wurin harin. Aminci na aminci yana da matukar muhimmanci ga ta'aziyya. Break ko buɗe a waje da taga na farko ga mai laifuka yana da sauƙi, wanda ba za ku faɗi game da Windows na zamani ba, na'urorin kulle da kulle-kullen ciki.
A ƙarshe, taga dole ya sadu da injiniyan zamani da buƙatun aiki: suna da wani juyi na yanayi, iska da sauti inflilration coefircess.
Yawancin Windows Yau an yi su ne daga polyvinyl chloride da aluminum. Tabbas, suna da amfani kuma suna da m. Mutumin, duk da haka, ya ji kamar "ƙarfe-filastik kewaye" ba koyaushe yake da nutsuwa ba. Kamar yadda ake nuna, windows da aka yi da itace ne ke da abokantaka kuma sun ninka sau biyu fiye da filastik da ƙarfe.
Menene na musamman game da su?
A zamanin yau, a tsaye mansard windows yawanci ana saita su don salo facade ko tare da sake gina gine-ginen tarihi. Da'idoji na musamman da ƙa'idodi don wannan ƙira a cikin gine-gine da kuma gini baya wanzu. Tsarin shi yana shirya shi ta hanyar dokokin da ke tattare da tsarin, abubuwan da ake buƙata na Windows Attic gabaɗaya. Ya kamata a haifa a cikin zuciyar cewa windows na tsaye, kodayake suna ba da ginin bayyanar gine-gine da bangaren gani, ba koyaushe yana haifar da matsaloli don masu zanen kaya.A cikin manufar gidan zamani, ana ba da fifiko ga Mansard Windows, da farko ta ci gaba don samar da taro da aiwatarwa a cikin aikin gini a cikin 1941 da Danish kamfanin velux. Na karkata Mansard Windows yawanci ana shigar da shi a cikin layi daya tare da rufin rufin, kuma a cikin 15 zuwa 87) zuwa sararin samaniya da, a matsayin mai mulkin, ba tare da Lug-free. Suna fuskantar abubuwa masu nauyi da kayan kwalliya, da kuma yadda ake amfani da shi ta hanyar samun damar mutane daga rufin waɗannan tagogi ya kamata su ninka sau biyu.
A kan aikin Mansard Windows
- Don hana samuwar condensate akan gilashi, musamman indoors tare da babban zafi, yana da mahimmanci don sanya tushen zafi a ƙarƙashin taga, a kai a kai a kai a kai a kai a kai a kai daki kuma tabbatar da dakin da kuma tabbatar da iska.- A cikin yanayin birane, abubuwan da aka buƙata na taga ana buƙatar su rufe sabon Layer na counter of kowane shekaru 2, a cikin yankin tare da karamin adadin hazo - sau ɗaya kowane shekaru 10.
- Tegola iya ba da shawarar cewa sau ɗaya a kowane shekaru uku mai saura da taga lafazuwar man shafawa. Don windows na velux, ba a buƙatar sa maye a duk tsawon lokacin aikinsu ba.
Peculiarities na yanayin zafi na ginin sune irin wannan lokacin da yake daidai ta hanyar rufin da ya gabata ga abin da aka makala, matsakaicin zafi yana burge shi ta hanyar ɗaukar filaye. Mafi zafi bazara, har ma da mafi kyawu, rufi da zafi na rufin ba zai kare dakin da ke fama da hasken rana ba. Dangane da dabaru na abubuwa, windows Mansard Windows dole ne ya kasance masu tsara na halitta na zafi da musayar iska. Don yin wannan aikin tunda ya kamata a yi, ana gabatar da sababbin sababbi na musamman a cikin ƙirar su (idan aka kwatanta da nau'in Windows) na tsaye:
- An dakatar da dakatarwar a cikin taga taga a kan madauki, yana barin firam ɗin don kunna firam to 180 (ya dace da wanke gilashin waje) kuma gyara shi tare da bawul a matsayi daban-daban. Da axis na juyawa yana cikin tsakiyar firam da ɓangaren ɓangaren.
- Window yana riƙe da matsayi uku da ke ba ku damar daidaita aikin iska;
- Amfani da iska mai amfani da Grille wanda aka sanya a cikin taga taga tare da grid na kariya na iya zama jirgin sama kuma lokacin da taga ke rufe.
Designirƙirar taga karkara ba shi da lafiya a aiki. Tare da tabarau mai wuya tare da kauri 4 mm da gilashi tare da lating-nuna shafi-nuna ana amfani da shi a cikin fannoni biyu, ana amfani da gilashin firgita. Windows mai yawa-glazed suna cike da gas na ƙwayar cuta (Argon ko crypton) da ke ƙara tsarin adana zafi.
Bayanin katako na windows an yi shi ne da glued Pine itace, impregnated tare da maganin antiseptik a cikin ɗaki mai santsi kuma an rufe shi da yadudduka ɗaya ko biyu na varnish. A kan kariya ta aluminum Windows Windows - a Layer na Polyester mai tsayayya ga haskoki na ultraviolet, an yi wa bakin ciki na bakin ciki ko aluminum. Matsakaicin wannan taga shine kusan shekaru 40 bayan haka, batun dokokin aiki.
Don hana windows na ruwa mai gudana daga rufin, sun mai da hankali ne a kan kewaye da abubuwan da ake kira sikandan da ake kira sutturar kariya na kariya. Suna fito da iri iri da yawa suna dacewa da kayan rufin daban-daban (lebur, ƙananan bayanan martaba ko babban-bayanin martaba). Aluminum an yi shi ne da aluminum ko jan ƙarfe (don rufin ƙarfe kawai kawai).
Sauƙaƙe akan ƙira da ƙira a tsaye na mansertical, wanda sau da yawa a cikin layuka da yawa akan rufin mai tsayayye, halaye ne na gine-ginen lardin tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar tsakiyar yankin. A cikin ƙarshen lokacin da kuma lokacin sake maimaita ƙasashen Turai daban-daban, mafi dacewa da windows a cikin Lungy, daga gaban bangon da aka buga daga tubalin. An yi musu ado da kayan kwalliya mai kyau - pucko. A lokacin mulkin daular Tudor (XV-XVI karni) a Ingila da Scotland, irin wannan windows tun karshen kwamitin da ke cikin Louis, an gina wannan windows a kan rufin na Faransa. Vertical Mansard Windows ya kasance cikin Fashion a cikin ƙarni na XVII da XVIII na saniyarsu sakamakon karuwa na gothic da kuma XX gine-gine
Windows ɗin Windows suna cikin sauƙi cikin tsarin raf mai gudana. An saka su duka ɗaya da a kwance, a tsaye, a haɗe hadaddun. A yanayin na karshen, daidaitaccen nisa tsakanin windows da kuma tsaye, da kwance shine 10 cm. A daidai lokacin da aka bincika Takaddun taga, wanda aka sanya a cikin hadaddun raguwar taga, ya sanya shi a tsaye, ya kamata ya Wannan nisa, kuma a kwance - daidai wannan tsawon.
Kowane taga na iya zama sanye take da rufewa, bita-haske, haske da zafi-hujja, labule da aka yi wa launuka daban-daban launuka.
Sakin Geometric na Halittar Windows
| Abin ƙwatanci | Girma | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Filin taga, Cm | Gyaran taga taga, cm | Gilashin Falada, MM | Gilashin Gilashi, MM | Glazing yanki, m2 | |
| Velux (bude) | |||||
| 304. | 78. | 98. | 602. | 730. | 0.44. |
| 306. | 78. | 118. | 602. | 930. | 0.56 |
| 308. | 78. | 140. | 602. | 1150. | 0.69 |
| 310. | 78. | 160. | 602. | 1352. | 0.81. |
| 606. | 114. | 118. | 962. | 930. | 0.89 |
| 608. | 114. | 140. | 962. | 1150. | 1,11 |
| Zenith (buɗewa da kurma) | |||||
| ɗaya | 55. | 78. | 368. | 590. | 0.21 |
| 2. | 55. | 98. | 368. | 790. | 0.29. |
| 3. | 78. | 98. | 598. | 790. | 0.47 |
| huɗu | 78. | 118. | 598. | 990. | 0.59. |
| biyar | 94. | 98. | 758. | 790. | 0.60 |
| 6. | 78. | 140. | 598. | 1210. | 0.72 |
| 7. | 114. | 118. | 958. | 990. | 0.94 |
| takwas | 134. | 98. | 1158. | 790. | 0.91 |
| tara | 66. | 98. | 478. | 790. | 0.38. |
| 10 | 66. | 118. | 478. | 990. | 0.47 |
'' Ina zan saka wani abu? ''
Shigarwa na karkatar da Windowstic Windows da aka samar da kwararrun masu lasisi da "a wannan yanayin (a wannan yanayin, yawanci ba su da garanti akan aikin da aka yi). Na farko shine ake fifita, tunda taga "ƙira mai kyau ce, buƙatar m.'' Yi tunanin kanka, ka yanke shawara kanmu, ka ... ''
A ƙarshe ka amsa tambayar "Windows Abin da Kamfanin zai ba da fifiko?". A cikin kasuwar Rasha, a halin yanzu akwai bayanan samfuran biyu kawai - kamfanoni na Danshi Fakila da kuma samar da windows na kasar Poland a ƙarƙashin alama ta Zenith. Saboda gaskiyar cewa a cikin ƙasashen tsohon babban birnin jama'a, farashin aiki bai kai ga kayayyakin yammacin Turai, Products na Tegola Canadese kusan 30% mai rahusa ne fiye da samfuran DANISH. Don haka zabin mai siye yana da matukar sauki.
Kwanan nan, windows na kamfanin Kamfanin Roto kwanan nan bai da kyakkyawan gwajin na lokacin a cikin yanayin matsanancin yanayin Rasha. Figures da abubuwan da ke magana mai magana, sabili da haka muna ba da shawara don gwada wasu sigogi na fasaha iri ɗaya da alƙawari, amma samarwa da yawa.
Windows zenith ya bambanta da ƙirar velux ta hanyar cewa tare da daidai girman firam, suna wucewa da 6% na haske ƙari. An cimma wannan ta hanyar sanya na'urar iska a cikin akwatin taga (alhali a cikin windows velux yana kan firam ɗin) da kuma mafi girma a cikin gilashin kunshin.
Dukan kamfanonin suna ba da babbar garantin su na shekaru 5, a kan kayan haɗi na shekara 1. Idan ya cancanta, wakilan kamfanoni zasu maye gurbin kowane ɓangare na taga da aka riga aka shigar, gami da glazing biyu.
Halayen haɗe da nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan Windows na Mansard
| Nau'in | Halaye | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yi adawa zafi resistant Shirya windows, M2c / W. | Herme- da tich Na, M3 / (H * M) | Rama da akwatin | Gyaran rama | V- Latice dabara | Gilashin gilashi ƙunshi | Ladan aiki | |
| Velux Gzl. | 0.57. | Kasa da 0.3. | Itacen pine | Matsayi daya - a cikin yanayin dakatarwa, abu daya - bi da 180 | Babu wanzu | Glass mai tabo (4 mm) tare da feshin, Argon na Argon (9 mm), gilashin togara (3 mm) | EDh, EDS, COFI |
| Velux ggl | 0.59. | Kasa da 0.2. | Itacen pine | Matsayi daya - a cikin yanayin dakatarwa, abu daya - bi da 180 | Tare da tace | Gilashin gilashi (4 mm) tare da fesawa, argon gabatarwa (16 mm), gilashin togara (4 mm) | EDh, EDS, COFI |
| Velux ghl. | 0.59. | Kasa da 0.2. | Itacen pine | Matsayi daya - a cikin juzu'i na juyawa, abu daya - bi da 180, daya - a cikakken bude taga na gaggawa) | Tare da tace | Gilashin gilashi (4 mm) tare da fesawa, argon gabatarwa (16 mm), yana gudana (4 mm) | EDh, EDS, COFI |
| Zenith lxs. | 0.62. | Kasa da 0.25-0.55 | Pine ba tare da serkov | Matsayi uku a cikin bude jihar, abu daya - a cikin 180 | Tare da gidan sauro. | Gilashin da aka ƙaddamar da shi (2 x 3 mm) tare da spraying, Crypton Layer (14 mm), gilashin togin (4 mm) | H, S, J, CIGABA |
| Zenith LX. | 0.71 | Kasa da 0.25-0.55 | Pine ba tare da serkov | Matsayi uku a cikin bude jihar, abu daya - a cikin 180 | Tare da gidan sauro. | Gilashin gilashi (4 mm) tare da fesawa, argon gabatarwa (16 mm), gilashin togara (4 mm) | H, S, J, CIGABA |
