Peb tab tom tham txog lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov dej ntws, tsim cov yam ntxwv, ntau yam thiab thev naus laus zis ntawm cov kua paug styling.
Cov av noo nyob ntawm daim phiaj yog ib txwm tsis zoo. Tshaj noo noo rhuav tshem cov vaj tse, cuam tshuam nrog txoj kev loj hlob ib txwm ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Txhawm rau kom tshem tawm cov dej ntau dhau, siv cov kab ke ntawm cov kav dej ua paug. Peb yuav nrog cov kav dej twg yog, lawv ua haujlwm li cas thiab ua haujlwm li cas.
Txhua yam txog cov khoom noj thiab lawv kev teeb tsa
Nws ua haujlwm li casKev tsim cov sib txawv ntawm cov dej ntws
Cov ntaub ntawv rau yeeb nkab-ntws
Nta ntawm Montage
Yuav ua li cas cov dej ntws tawm
Cov dej ntws yog cov txheej txheem ntawm cov kav dej, txo cov dej ntau dhau ntawm thaj chaw. Nws tuaj yeem yog superficial los yog tob. Hauv thawj kis, qhov zawj txuas txuas nrog cov network tag nrho, uas tau sau thiab rhuav tshem noo noo. Txhawm rau rau lawv cov npoo, cov tsheb ciav hlau-ntws yog pawg sab hauv. Qhov dej ntws tawm yog sib dhos los ntawm cov kav dej. Lawv tau muab pawg ntawm ib qho tob, txuas rau lub network thiab faus.
Tso cov kav dej ua haujlwm ntawm cov ntsiab cai sib txawv. Perforated qauv tau nruab nrog cov qhov zoo, los ntawm cov kua dej uas poob hauv. Lawv sib sau ua ke thiab sib sau ua ke hauv cov kwj me. Rau lawv cov paug tawm, dej ntws tau siv yam tsis muaj perforation. Lawv thauj cov dej ntws mus rau tsav tau zoo lossis mus rau qhov chaw ua paug rau hauv cua daj cua dub. Nyob ntawm lub hom phiaj, txoj kab uas hla ntawm qhov sib txawv. Rau cov dej ntws tawm ntawm cov chaw ib tus neeg, cov khoom lag luam feem ntau txaus rau 200 hli, hos nyob rau hauv Civil engineering cov ntsiab lus ntawm 400 mm thiab ntau dua yog siv.
Lub tso kua mis tau muab tso rau hauv qab tilt. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog uas cov dej ntawm tus kheej mus rau qhov chaw uas lawv yuav nthuav tawm lossis tawm. Cov chaw sib ntxiv tau muab tso rau ntawm cov ntsiab lus qis tshaj plaws ntawm lub qhov cub network. Piv txwv li, lawv tso cov dej num zoo. Ntawm cov no, koj tuaj yeem noj dej rau dej thiab lwm yam kev xav tau lag luam. Qee zaum cov kab ke txuas nrog rau lub hauv qab dej hauv qab ntuj.
Tsim cov yam ntxwv dret.
Lub consuctive constructure ntawm cov dej ntws tawm rau kev tshem tawm ntawm cov av hauv av tau suav tias yog lub xub ntiag lossis tsis muaj ntawm perforation thiab nws hom. Muaj ib nrab thiab tag nrho cov kav dej perforated. Hauv thawj kis, lub qhov tsis nyob ntawm tag nrho cov khoom ntawm cov khoom. Hauv ob peb nyob thoob plaws cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws. Qhov sib txawv no tau piav qhia los ntawm thaj chaw ntawm daim ntawv thov ntawm perforated ntsiab. Peb yuav txheeb xyuas cov kav dej ntws li cas raws li hom perforation.Pickle Hom
- 120 °. Qhov muaj nyob hauv qhov thib peb ntawm cov khoom. Siv rau ntawm cov chaw nrog cov av noo me.
- 180 °. Perforates ib nrab cov ntsiab lus. Nws tau thov rau hauv cov cheeb tsam uas tus nqi nag thiab yaj dej kom nce siab dua hauv av.
- 240 °. Qhov qis thib peb ntawm cov dej ntws tseem yog tag nrho, lub qaum peb yog perforated. Siv los tshem tawm cov dej ntawm cov kab sib tshooj thiab cov chaw nrog ntau hom av.
- 360 °. Pa perforation. Nws yog siv nyob rau hauv thaj chaw uas muaj dej nyab muaj zog.
Nyob ntawm qhov tob ntawm kev tso pw, ib leeg thiab ob-txheej kav dej yog siv. Ib leeg txheej khoom yog tsim rau qhov tob ntawm txog li 3 m. Nws yog tus qauv ntawm lub zog chav kawm SN2 thiab SN4. Thawj zaug yog nteg tsis muaj ntxaum tshaj 2 m, qhov thib ob - mus rau qhov tob ntawm tsis muaj ntau tshaj 3 m. Ruaj khov, chav kawm ntawm rigidity yog SN6. Cov txheej txheej sab nraud yog tsim cov khoom siv txhim kho kom tiv thaiv zoo dua cov khoom siv. Sab hauv - du, nws ua rau nws hloov tau cov kua dej.
Cov kav dej ntws tawm hauv cov tawv thiab hloov tau. Rigid feem raug muab faib ua ntu ntawm tsis muaj ntau tshaj 4 m thiab haum nrog cov ntawv hloov tshwj xeeb. Lawv xav tau ua kom lem, khoov, thiab lwm yam. Kev hloov pauv cov ntsiab muaj SN8 Hardness chav kawm, yooj yim khoov hauv txoj kev yog. Nyob ntawm qhov tob ntawm 10 m.
Ntaub Ntawv rau Kev Siv Thiab Ua Cov Kav Dej-Den
Thaum pib, ceramics thiab Asbestos tau siv rau kev tsim khoom ntawm cov khoom siv rau cov nqus cov tshuab. Cov khoom tau txais cov khoom tsis ruaj khov thiab txhim khu kev qha, tab sis tsis yooj yim thiab hnyav. Tsis tas li ntawd, asbestos yog lom, siv nws ntawm cov phiaj xwm ntawm lub tsev nyob hauv tsev yog tsis xav tau. Nrog kev tawm ntawm cov polymers, ceramic thiab asbestos-xisasursos muaj yuav luag tsis siv. Tsuas yog - cov kav dej ntws los ntawm ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg dawb asbestos. Lawv lub ntsiab lus zoo dua - muaj cov pores uas noo noo tau nqus.
Yas yog pheej yig dua, yooj yim dua, nws yooj yim dua rau nruab nws. Lub neej ntawm cov khoom siv yas yog tsawg kawg 50-60 xyoo, lawv yog insensitive mus rau qhov kub sib txawv thiab txhoj puab heev. Muaj ob peb ntau yam ntawm cov khoom polymeric. Qhia luv luv txog lub ntsiab ntawm cov dej ntws tawm los ntawm yas.
- Pnd kav. Txav los ntawm cov roj nruj polyethylene. Tsiag ntawv los ntawm kev nce lub zog thiab hloov tau. Pab 50 xyoo thiab ntau dua. Corrugated pnd cov dej ntws tau tuaj yeem siv rau mount sib sib zog nqus.
- Cov khoom lag luam los ntawm PND thiab PVD. Cov txheej txheej sab nraud yog tsim los ntawm cov tsis ruaj khov polyethylene, sab hauv - los ntawm tsis tshua muaj zog siab-siab polyethylene. Cia cov yam ntxwv ua haujlwm nrog cov dej ntws ntawm -60 los ntawm -60 txog 50 ° C, tsis txhob poob elasticity hauv cov muaj zog frosts.
- Pvc-ntws. Cov ntaub ntawv raw rau lawv ntau lawm - polyvinyl chloride. Lawv tsawg dua li pnd cov khoom lag luam. Yog li ntawd, siv rau qhov tob ntawm tsis muaj ntau tshaj 3 m. Ntawm qhov tsawg kub ua kom yooj yim, lawv tuaj yeem sib cais.
- Polypropylene kua dej. Txiav txim siab thauj khoom tseem ceeb, ua haujlwm ntau dua 50 xyoo, tsis muaj tshuaj lom neeg. Nws yuav tsum muaj electrothermal vuam los txuas lawv, uas ua rau lub installation me ntsis.
Qhov tsis zoo tag nrho ntawm perforated yas yog clogging lub qhov. Yog li ntawd, qauv nrog kev tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb yog tsim. Cov no yog cov kav dej-ntws qhwv los ntawm geotextiles lossis txiv maj phaub fiber ntau. Thawj qhov kev xaiv yog qhov zoo rau SANDY thiab NRUAS AV. Geekanin txhawb cov ntsiab lus thiab lim cov khoom me me uas tuaj yeem kaw lub qhov. Txiv maj phaub fiber ntau ua tib yam haujlwm, tab sis nws yog ntau kim. Nws zoo dua hauv keeb kwm lub cev, tsis kam mus rau lwj thiab thauj khoom.
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov hluav taws xob teeb tsa
Pib nrog Drupage tsim. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog los txiav txim seb qhov tob ntawm lub raj dej kom pw, ntawm qhov kaum thiab li cas thiaj li ua rau nws. Txhawm rau teb cov lus nug no, cov laij yog nqa tawm, uas coj mus rau hauv cov nyiaj tau los ob txhais tau tias cov dej ntws, cov kab mob ntawm cov av noo ntawm cov cheeb tsam qhuav. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom raug pom lub kaum sab xis ntawm inclination. Los ntawm qhov no nyob ntawm kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov dej ntws.Yog hais tias txoj kab nqes yog txias heev, cov kua dej yuav txav mus nrawm. Qhov no yuav ua rau muaj kev txhaws cov raj xa tawm. Cov dej qeeb tam sim no, uas yog kev tsis txaus siab nrog txoj hauv kev tsis txaus, yog tseem tsis xav tau. Cov khoom lag luam yuav pib ua kom muaj stifled, vam meej lub ntws, lawv yuav tsum tsis ua haujlwm. Ntxiv nrog rau xaiv txoj kab nqes, txiav txim siab ntawm qhov tob ntawm phau ntawv. Nws yuav tsum nyob hauv qab lub zog hauv ncoo los ntawm 40-50 cm.
Nws tseem yuav xaiv hom kev sib koom tes. Lub kaw lus txhua xyoo feem ntau siv thaum cov trenches yog leem nyob ib puag ncig ntawm lub xaib. Hauv qhov no, nws yog kwv yees tias cov yeeb nkab-ntws yog muab tshem tawm ntawm phab ntsa lossis lub hauv paus yuav tsum tsis txhob yog 1 m. Xaiv qhov sab saum toj ntawm Circuit Court. Qhov no feem ntau yog kaum ntawm kev tsim kho. Los ntawm nws nws yog npaj kom pw cov kav dej ntws mus rau sab qis dua, uas muab ib qho chaw cia kom zoo.
Qhov qhov txawv qhov txawv yuav tsum yog xws li cov dej ntws. Yog tias nws tsis txaus, ib qho tshwj xeeb yog muab tso, uas yuav tso kua dej ntawm lub system. Tsim cov phiaj xwm yuav tsum tau laij, yog li nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los nrhiav kev pab los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij. Tab sis cov kev teeb tsa tom ntej tuaj yeem ua tau nws tus kheej. Peb muab cov txheej txheem ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tso kua tawm styning.
Cov phiaj xwm kev npaj ua paug
- Lub xaib tso qhov chaw nyob ntawm cov kav dej ntws tawm.
- Ntawm lub markup muaj trenches. Lawv qhov loj me yog txiav txim los ntawm qhov project yav dhau los.
- Hauv qab ntawm cov khawb ntawm RVs yog compacted.
- Lub hauv ncoo ntawm cov pob zeb thiab xuab zeb tau muab khi rau ntawm kev sib khi hauv qab. Cov txheej ntawm txhua cov khoom siv yog 15-20 cm. Yog tias cov dej yog xav tias tsis muaj lub lim, nws yog qhov ntxiv tso rau kom tiv thaiv cov kua dej.
- Cov kav dej tau txiav rau hauv cov thooj ntawm qhov ntev xav tau. Lawv haum rau hauv cov trenches tau txuas nrog los ntawm fittings. Txhim kho tawm cov kaus mom, los ntawm uas koj tuaj yeem pom thiab ntxuav lub system.
- Lub ntws poob pw tsaug zog nrog ib txheej ntawm rubble, ces txheej ntawm cov xuab zeb. Lub thickness ntawm txhua yog 15-20 mm.
- Trenches tau ua tiav nrog av.
Ib txoj kev sib tw tsim thiab kho kom raug cov dej sib sau ua ke yuav muab cov dej nag thiab cov av los ntawm lub xaib thiab cov tsev. Nws yuav tiv thaiv kev tsim kho ntawm kev rhuav tshem, thiab cov nroj tsuag ntawm wring. Mount qhov dej ntws tawm yog qhov tseeb dua ntawm kev tsim kho thiab kev npaj ntawm thaj chaw hauv cheeb tsam.
