Raws li cov tswv yim niaj hnub ntawm kev tsim kho, lub ru tsev ntawm lub tsev yuav tsum ua haujlwm yam tsis tau kho yam tsis tau kho tsawg kawg 30 xyoo. Txhawm rau ua kom tiav qhov kev xav tau no pab tau cov ntaub ntawv niaj hnub, tab sis lawv yuav tsis tiv nrog txoj haujlwm yog tias lawv hais plaub. Peb qhia txog yuav ua li cas los tsim lub hauv paus ruaj khov ntawm lub ru tsev.
Yees duab: Ruuki.
Hais lub ru tsev yog cov chaw tsim khoom luam tawm los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom, paub tseeb los ntawm lub neej ntsuas, uas tuaj yeem yog los ntawm ob peb xyoos (cov nplais bitumen) rau pua pua (av nplaum nplais). Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, cov ntaub ntawv khaws nws cov khoom tseem ceeb thiab tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv kev ua dej noo - tab sis tsuas yog nws so ntawm lub hauv paus ruaj khov, geometrically ruaj khov lub hauv paus. Ua ntej pib sib tham txog dab tsi thiab yuav ua li cas tsim xws li lub hauv paus, peb yuav luv luv luv ntawm geometry ntawm lub ru tsev.
Ntawm lub ru tsev tsim theem, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los xav txog qhov chaw ntawm Mansard Windows, ntxiv rau Daus Dausstores, kev khiav tawm ntawm cov vov tsev.
Hauv lub ru tsev ntawm lub tsev loj tshiab, qhov cua rigs thiab taw tes daus-npog ua ke nrog kev kho kom zoo nkauj - handshield thiab cua nrog cov khoom pleev ib ce
Cov duab ntawm ib lub ru tsev
Raws li ib feem ntawm cov vaj tse niaj hnub ua kom haum, tus kab ncaj tiab kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb tau nrog nrog cov spevate spevate. Yog li ntawd, tsis kov ib qho zoo, xav txog qhov zoo thiab tsis zoo ntawm lub ru tsev pitched ntawm cov neeg nrov tshaj plaws.Duplex nrog cov ciav hlau ncaj
Qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws hauv kev tsim kho thiab lub ru tsev uas muaj kev ywj pheej, uas yog qhov yooj yim rau kev insulate, thiab txhua cov ntaub ntawv vov tsev yuav haum rau cov txheej. Qhov chaw tsoos ntawm cov qauv tsim nyog (hauv cov qauv insulated) yog yooj yim los npaj los ntawm perforated sophibs thiab lub ntom nti tuaj yeem ua pa tawm ntawm cov khoom ua ntej. Nyob rau hauv txoj kab nruab nrab ntawm Russia, qhov zoo tshaj kaum sab xis ntawm Sopes yog 30-35 °. Ib lub ru tsev nthab raug nquahu kom ua kom txias dua - nws yuav nce cov khoom siv, tab sis yuav txo qis qhov poob ntawm thaj chaw muaj txiaj ntsig.
Niaj hnub ob lub ru tsev yog xav tsis tau yam tsis muaj kev ruaj ntseg thiab tso kua dej. Yees duab: Ruuki.
Ob leeg tawg
Daim foos no tso cai rau koj ua nyob rau hauv lub nthab yam tsis muaj phab ntsa inclined, tab sis muab kev txo qis hauv thaj chaw hauv pem teb los ntawm 10-20%. Lub ru tsev ntawm hom no yog ntau yam nyuaj tshaj li qhov yooj yim duplex, thiab cov khib nyiab ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thaum siv daim ntawv vov tsev yog qhov loj dua.
Kev teeb tsa kev nyab xeeb thiab cov tshuab ua paug yog nqa tawm sai li sai tau tom qab tso cov vov vov. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom siv cov tshuaj pleev xim ruaj khov thiab gaskets. Yees duab: "Red ru tsev"
Lub tsev pheej suab
Qhov no yog plaub-teev ru tsev, txhua tus rudes ntawm uas muaj ib daim duab peb sab. Nws lub hauv paus muaj plaub lub ces kaum rafters (thiaj li hu ua npog) thiab nruab nrab inclined kab teeb - kev saib xyuas neeg laus. Lub ru tsev yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm cov cua tsis kam, tab sis cov ua ke tsim kho yog qhov ua ke yog ntau dua vim muaj ntau cov sib txuas hauv qab. Cov khib nyiab thaum kev tsim kho yog qhov tseem ceeb (tshwj xeeb yog yog cov ntaub ntawv vov tsev siv), tso kua mis zuaj yuav tsum muaj ntau dua li ntawm lub ru tsev duplex.Walmovaya
Yog li hu lub ru tsev nrog ob daim duab peb sab thiab ob qho kev sib tw sib tw. Qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm kev teeb tsa ntawm nws, hauv essence, tib yam li lub tsev pheeb suab, tab sis ib daim ntawv zoo sib xws yog tsim nyog rau lub tsev elongated.
Hauv lub hauv paus ntsiab lus, nrog kev nce hauv lub kaum sab xis ntawm inclination ntawm cov pas nrig thiab ntau dua hauv tsev pheeb suab, tab sis cov aerators nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ua pa. (Tus mob khaub thuas tuaj yeem yog cov dav hlau nrog cov rooj zaum thiab kev tso pa tawm.)
Niaj hnub no, cov ntsiab ntawm Rafter system feem ntau khi nrog txhua lwm yam nrog cov phiaj hlau. Yees duab: GBS-tuam txhab
Raws li zoo tshwj xeeb nkhaus. Yees duab: "Bilder-k"
thiab fab. Xws li lub nrawm nrawm yog txhim khu kev qha, tab sis tsuas yog siv thaum tsim bolvanized scrvanized screws nrog ib qho ntawm tsawg kawg 6 hli, thiab tsis yuag hniav screws. Yees duab: "DDM"
Ntau hom
Qhov no yog lub ru tsev ua ke nrog cov neeg coob coob ntawm ntug (inclined pob qij txha), skates thiab enders). Nws yog cov khoom siv dag zog heev thiab cov khoom siv uas yuav tsum tau txais qhov ntau ntawm cov fasteners thiab cov khoom ua haujlwm sib tw vov tsev. Hauv thaj chaw ntawm cov nyiaj hauv qab cov khoom siv tsis muaj dej, cov ntaub pua plag hauv cov caj dab yuav tsim nyog. Xws li lub ru tsev qee zaum yuav tsum tau tu ib txwm - Tu daus thiab khib nyiab, ua nrog anti-grib.
Saj zawg zog pobzeb yog ib lub tsev vov tsev universal, zoo tagnrho rau ob lub ru tsev ncaj nrog cov me nyuam yaus nrog cov menyuam mos uas nrog cov me nyuam mos thiab lub kaum sab xis me me ntawm inclination. Hauv kev tsim cov khoom siv no, cov iav unbating iav Chumes tau them rau sab pem hauv ntej, uas muab lub ru tsev ntawm lub tsev ua kom zoo nkauj thiab tiv thaiv cov khoom ntawm ultraviolet. Cov nplais multilayer feem ntau, raws li ob lossis ntau dua glued txheej ntawm cov canvas. Xws li lub ru tsev muaj ntau ntxiv cov tshuab muaj zog thiab cua tsis muaj zog, nrog rau cov tsos zoo nkauj dua - vim muaj cov nyhuv ntawm compound. Cov lus qhia teeb tsa teeb tsa tsim los ntawm kev txhawb nqa yog tsim nrog cov txheej txheem ib qib zuj zus. Txawm tias cov txheej txheem nyuaj tshaj plaws yuav pab tau.
Alexander Pleshin
Cov Kws Tshaj Tshwj Xeeb Ntawm Cov Tuam Txhab Technonol
Yees duab: Fakro.
Cov Khoom Siv Stropil
Rau qhov rafter feet thiab zawm kom siv tsuas yog cov chaw noo ntau dua 25%, tsis muaj cov bitch loj, tawg, inclination ntawm cov fibers. Yog tias muaj qhov tsis xws luag loj, tus kab mob rafter tuaj yeem tawg hauv qab load. Yog tias nws tsis muaj peev xwm ua tau qhuav ntoo, nws yuav tsum tau qhuav ntawm qhov chaw hauv qhov chaw cua. Nws yog tsim nyog xav tias nws yuav siv sijhawm tsawg kawg 2 lub hlis, thiab tom qab ziab rau ib feem peb ntawm cov laug cam yuav muab pov tseg. Qee lub sij hawm nws raug nquahu cov camethts nrog qhov dav hauv qhov dav nyob hauv tau ncaj qha siv cov cuab yeej siv - yog li nws yuav ua rau skates txig du.
Qhov kawg cheeb tsam ib txwm xav tau ntau dua. Raws li txoj cai, cov txheej txheej ntxiv tau mounted ntawm no, thiab thaum tso cov txheej txheej profiled - cov ntsiab lus. Yees duab: "Red ru tsev"
Tam sim no, cov rafter system ntawm cov tsev muaj sia qis nrog cov kab npoo av qee zaum los ntawm steel galvanized ci (hom, nyiaj muas, chawls). Cov ntsiab no kim dua li cov ntoo thiab nyuaj dua hauv kev teeb tsa, tab sis lawv tiv taus ntau dua rau cov khoom lag luam khoov. Ua tsaug rau qhov no, nws yog qhov ua tau kom tsis muaj kev thaub qab ntsug (uas yog, kom teeb tsa dai rafters) thiab yog li nthuav tawm kev xaiv cov kev daws teeb meem ntawm nthab.
Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog cov kabmob metallic kab teeb thiab yuav tsum tau ceev faj rwb thaiv tsev - feem ntau cov ntaub ntawv vov tsev los ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob kub thiab cov nplooj ntawv extruded polystyrene ua npuas dej ua ke ua ke ua ke.
Lwm txoj hauv kev ntawm cov hlau hauv kev tsim cov khoom dai rau ntev ntev - refined ducts (osp + tsob ntoo) thiab ib tug multilayer lvl-timer. Qhov thib ib yog cov pheej yig thiab maj yeej kov yeej, tab sis tseem tsis tau dhau lub sijhawm kos, thiab tus nqi thib ob yuav raug nqi tsawg dua li cov ntoo dhuav txhua.
Siv cov tuam txhab siv cov rafted sib txawv rafting cov tswv yim. Qee tus neeg tseem yog tus nplaum ntawm clogged nkhaus thiab nce toj hauv drapes, lwm tus tsiv mus rau cov phaj hlau, nkhaus. Yees Duab: Eurocode5 (3)
Raws li cov fasteners tshwj xeeb rau Rafal Systems
Dab tsi zoo dua? Tsis muaj lus teb rau lo lus nug no, tab sis tshwj xeeb lub fasteners ua rau nws yooj yim dua thiab ua kom nrawm dua. Cov kev sib txuas ib txwm muaj zog tshaj plaws, thiab nws zoo heev yog nyob ntawm cov ntoo tsim cov kev txawj ntse.
Txoj kev qub
Thaum kev tsim kho los ntawm cov li niaj zaus thiab sib npaug log, lub ru tsev ntawm cov tsoos tsim yog qee zaum tau ua. Nws yog kev txhawb nqa los ntawm nws lub hauv paus, lossis khiav, - parallel skate birch, relying ntawm cav Filones. Raws li football shrinks co lub kaum sab xis ntawm inclination, yog li ntawd nws yog qhov tsim nyog los npog lub ru tsev uas tsis muaj zog, thiab nws tau tso tawm hauv lub tsev nyob hauv ib lub ru tsev ib ntus) Cov. Tag nrho cov no yog vim qhov nce hauv kev ua haujlwm thiab cov ntaub ntawv, yog li cov neeg tsim vaj tse ua tau hloov kho rau cov thev naus laus zis thaum ub. Piv txwv li, thaum txiav, cov pem hauv ntej tuaj yeem siv BRICA qhuav thiab zawm lawv muaj lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav "coarse". Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm tsis kam khiav, thiab tsim cov liaj teb rafter rafesional nrog pins lossis ntsug thaub qab. Nyob rau hauv xws li tsim qauv, cov shrinkage ntawm cov pem hauv ntej tsis cuam tshuam rau cov geometry ntawm lub ru tsev, thiab lub txiaj ntsig vapaps, thiab lub txiaj ntsig vapaps, thiab lub txiaj ntsig vapaps, thiab lub txiaj ntsig vapaps, thiab lub txiaj ntsig vapaps, thiab lub txiaj ntsig vapaps, thiab lub txiaj ntsig vapaps, thiab lub txiaj ntsig vapaps, thiab lub txiaj ntsig vaps tuaj yeem kaw nrog cov tawv ncauj zoo nkauj.Sling SYSTEM
Cov ntoo khaub lig ntu thiab cov kauj ruam rafters yog xaiv, coj los ntawm cov kev cai ntawm kev sib koom ua ke 64.1330.2011 "lo steel qauv" thiab SP 20.1330.2011 "thauj khoom thiab cuam tshuam". Kev suav ntawm cov kab hauv qab, daus thiab cua thauj khoom, ntxiv rau qhov loj ntawm cov vov tsev. Lub Rafter system raug nquahu kom ua nrog lub suab nrov ntawm lub zog - nce rau ntawm cov nqaj kauj ruam lossis tsawg dua ntawm cov kauj ruam tsawg kawg yog 25% piv nrog suav nrog ib qho. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov nqi yuav loj hlob tsis tseem ceeb, thiab lub ru tsev yuav kav ntev yam tsis muaj kev txhim kho hnyav npaum li ntev.
Thaum piav txog rafters ntawm phab ntsa thiab khiav, tsis txhob ua li tsis muaj zawv zawg steel nrog ib tuab ntawm tsawg kawg 2 hli. Yees duab: "Rule"
Thaum txuas rafters nrog nruj, raws li lub installation ntawm thaub qab thiab cov cua sov ntawm kev sib xyaw nrog bolted screed. Cov kab hlau hlau yog qhov zoo dua rau nrawm nrog bolts thiab studs, raws li welded seams xav tau kev tiv thaiv nruj, thiab lawv yuav tsum tau ntxiv tiv thaiv corrosion.
Qhov qhib ib feem ntawm lub vov vov tau tuaj yeem ua txoj haujlwm ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm cov hauv qab-hauv qab thiab nyob rau tib lub sijhawm dai cov faadeade. Yees duab: logworks.
Thaum txuas lub rafter ko taw nrog Mauerlat (ntoo lossis cov cav, nws yog qhov tsis muaj zog rau cov pob txha uas tsis muaj zog ntawm cov pob zeb, thiab siv cov khoom siv ua haujlwm ua lase thiab nkhaus.
Condensate tuaj yeem tsim nyob rau sab hauv ntawm lub ru tsev txheej thiab hauv cov ntoo thickness, cov khoom ntoo yog feem ntau wedge thiab tsis muaj kev ua pib rot. Yog li ntawd, rafters, thiab qhov doom yuav tsum tau kho nrog kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv.
Yuav ua li cas nrog condensate
Feem ntau, yuam kev, kev puas tsuaj cuam tshuam rau cov kab ntawm nthab ru tsev, tau ua thaum nws yog rwb thaiv tsev. Yeej, lawv cuam tshuam nrog kev tua tsis raug ntawm underfloor racle gap thiab cov kev tsis saib xyuas ntawm ib txheej ntawm vaporizolation. Thiab qhov tshwm sim yog lub rwb thaiv tsev uas tau los yog rotting ci thiab ntub stains ntawm lub qab nthab, ua rau lub tswv yim ntawm ntau lub ru tsev xau.
Thaum mounting lub nthab ru tsev, qhov dej tsis muaj zog kho cov counterburs uas yog liab qab rau cov rafters. Tib cov kab tsim kev ua pa tawm tau los evaporate noo noo los ntawm strata ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov qauv. Yees duab: Dökrken.
Yog li qhov no tsis tshwm sim, qhov loj me ntawm cov khoob thiab cov raws yuav tsum tau suav raws cov qauv (SP 17.1333,2011, daim ntawv thov b), thiab thaum txhim kho cov cag thiab tsev vov tsev, nws tsis raug tso cai Pockets uas cua tsis tuaj. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tsis txhob thaiv cov khoob ntawm cov kws ua pob kws thiab cov dej ntws thiab teeb tsa cov kws kho mob kom lawv tsis txhob pw tsaug zog nrog daus. Thaum kawg, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog kom tiv thaiv cov rwb thaiv tsev los ntawm cov pa hluav taws xob nkag mus rau hauv qab thiab vaporizolation yog li tsis ua kev puas tsuaj thaum lub sij hawm txhim kho cov thom khwm thiab hloov pauv.
Cov phab ntsa ua los ntawm cov nplaum nplaum muab ib qho shrinkage ntawm tsis muaj ntau tshaj 3%, thiab kev tso tawm mus rau qhov chaw nres tsheb khiav mus rau hauv lub qhov cua rig thiab piston rooting txheej. Yees duab: izba de Luxe (4)
Lub caij ski bar yooj yim lub installation ntawm rafted "ntawm qhov chaw" (tsis muaj rooj sib tham ua ntej ntawm kev ua liaj ua teb)
Cov kab ke tau xav tau nyob rau hauv cov ru tsev muaj ntau lub ru tsev thiab nrog cov ntaus ntawv Lugar. Tsis muaj zog lawv nyooj tsawv uas tsis xav paub txog, txij li cov ntsiab lus uas muaj lub nra tseem ceeb
Endahn brusche
Thaum xaiv cov hlau nplaum hlau thiab lub ru tsev khawm, ua ntej txhua tus them nyiaj rau cov steel hom. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov hlau tshwj xeeb, xws li S280GD, TSP, DX51, ua kom nws muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv thaum nruab kev teeb tsa. Ntawv tuab yuav tsum yog yam tsawg 0.5 hli. Cov ntawv zoo steel zoo yog coated nrog ntau daim ntawv tiv thaiv - zinc (tsawg kawg 27, m2), tom qab ntawd nrog cov khoom lag luam polymer. Cov thev naus laus zis no tso cai rau koj khaws cia kom zoo nkauj thiab cov khoom ntiag tug ntawm lub ru tsev rau ntau xyoo.
Ekaterina raihalme.
Lub taub hau kev loj hlob ntawm lub tuam txhab "Ruki Rus"
Rhuab (mansard) roofing xaiv
1 - Txuas ntawm lub qab nthab ntawm nthab; 2 - Khib thav duab; 3 - rwb thaiv tsev; 4 - vaporizolation; 5 - Lumpy txhais ceg; 6 - Rwb thaiv tsev; 7 - diffusion membrane; 8 - DAGE; 9 - Doom; 10 - Flooring los ntawm wm: 11 - hauv cov ntaub pua plag; 12 - Xa pobzeb yooj yim. Yees duab: Tehartonol