Qhov kev xaiv ntawm lub hauv paus hom rau lub tuam tsev tsawg-nyob ntawm ntau yam cuam tshuam nrog tus qauv ntawm cov av ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv thiab cov cuab yeej ntawm lub tsev. Universal tsim tsis muaj nyob, tab sis ze dua rau nws yog monolithic tsis muaj hmoov av phaj, uas haum rau yuav luag txhua cov av. Peb qhia yuav ua li cas tsim kom muaj lub hauv paus kom raug.
Yees duab: Shuttererstock / Fotodom.ru
Qhov Foundation Slab muab cov kev faib tawm uas tsis sib haum ntawm lub tsev rau hauv av thoob plaws thaj tsam ntawm thaj chaw, uas yog, nws yog qhov xwm txheej ruaj khov dua li cov kab xev thiab pawg. Xws li lub hauv paus yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov menyuam mos thiab ua kom tau cov hmoov av thiab cov nyom thiab lossis cov xuab zeb hmoov av thiab etched, disones thiab peatlands. Ntawm lub qhov cub koj tuaj yeem tsim kom muaj tsev hnyav nrog thaiv cov phab ntsa-cib-cib zeb, thiab lub teeb ua lub cev cov chaw. Tab sis kom zam rau cov nqi tsis tsim nyog, lub hauv paus yuav tsum tau yoog raws li cov geasels thiab kev tsim kho.
Yees duab: Stonehut.
Hom Ntawm Cov Lus Cog Tseg Slab
Muaj ntau ntau hom kev tua tsiaj, txhua tus muaj nws tus kheej cov ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb, nws cov kev zoo thiab kev zoo.Yooj yim floating slab foundation
Nws yog tus poj niam du thiab du monolithic pab cuam sib tsoo pob zeb, sprinkled nyob rau hauv ib tug tuab ntawm lub hauv ncoo ntawm lub hauv ncoo ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub txheej txheem ntawm cov txheej txheem av txheej). Xws li tus qauv tsim yog qhov yooj yim thiab txhim khu kev qha, tab sis muaj qhov tsis zoo loj - kev noj ntau heev ntawm kev ua vaj tse. Qhov tseeb yog tias kev thauj khoom ua yeeb yam ntawm kev faib khoom tsis xwm yeem: thiab cov hmoov av frosty hmoov, thiab lub siab ntawm lub tsev phab ntsa yog tsom feem ntau ntawm ntug ntawm lub phaj. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev deformation thiab kev tawg ntawm monolith, nws yuav tsum nce nws cov tuab nyob hauv thaj chaw; Thaum kev tsim kho ob-peb-storey cib lub tsev, qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom tuab yuav ncav cuag 400-500 hli. Lwm tus rho tawm yog qhov ua tau ntawm cov phiaj xwm me me ntawm cov phaj uas hem ua kev puas tsuaj rau kev sib txuas lus hauv av.
Lub platform rau kev tsim kho ntawm Slab Foundation yog ua raws li theem. Tom qab ntawd ncuav ib txheej ntawm xuab zeb nrog ib tuab ntawm 10-20 cm. Yees duab: Pob Zeb Daws (3)
Thiab rubble - tsis tsawg tshaj 20 cm
Txhawm rau tshem tawm me me tsis xwm yeem, koj tuaj yeem tso sab saum toj ntawm ib txheej xuab zeb, undermining geototextiles nyob rau hauv nws, thiab pib sib dhos rwb thaiv tsev
Ordrous Foundation
Xws li ib lub qhov cub nrog me me (txog 200 hli) ntawm tag nrho cov tuab muaj lub zog siab, uas tuaj yeem nyob ntawm qhov tseem ceeb, thiab los ntawm sab saud thiab muaj kev sib txawv. Yog tias cov kev tsim kho me me, txaus protrusions nyob rau sab nraud thiab qee zaum nws raug nquahu kom tso cov tav thiab xwm txheej "ntawm tag nrho thaj chaw ntawm lub phaj ( Xws li txoj kev yooj yim ntawm cov nqaj sib tshooj sib tshooj). Kev ua haujlwm los ntawm saum toj no ua txoj haujlwm ntawm lub hauv paus thiab tiv thaiv cov phab ntsa los ntawm kev ntub dej, tab sis yuav tsum muaj sijhawm ntau; Ib qho ntxiv, tus qauv tsim yog tsawg dua tsis ruaj, txij li kev sib txuas ntawm cov phiaj thiab cov kaus mom yog muab nyob rau hauv lub ntsiab embodiment ntawm lub zog.
Kev siv ceev ceev thiab txuag ntawm cov formwork yuav tso cai rau ntu tshwj xeeb L-A-puab, glued los ntawm cov nplooj ntawv ntawm extruded polystyrene ua npuas ncauj. Yees duab: L-block
Sov Swedish phaj.
Nws lub ntsiab tseem ceeb yog tias qhob ntawm ib txheej ntawm cov dej noo-pov thawj-ntawv pov thawj nrog compressive zog ntawm 0.25 lossis 0.5 MPa (nyob ntawm suav cov load). Vim qhov no, hauv av hauv qab lub hauv paus tsis khov thiab cov rog frostined tsis ua raws li tus qauv tsim. Lub Vedish cooker muaj qis dua fins (hauv cov txheej txheem rwb thaiv tsev nws yog qhov yooj yim rau cov qauv grooves rau cov dej cua sov siv rau cua sov tag nrho lub tsev. Thiab txij li pob zeb ua monolith muaj qhov tseem ceeb thermal inertia, tom qab ntawd nyob rau hauv lub tsev nws yog qhov yooj yim dua los tswj qhov kub tas mus li no - ob qho tib si nyob rau lub caij ntuj no thiab lub caij ntuj sov.
Los ntawm cov blocks nteg "ciam teb" nyob ib puag ncig ntawm lub yees duab yav tom ntej. Yees duab: L-block
Sov Phaj (Uch)
| Cov txiaj ntsig | tsis zoo |
|---|---|
| Tiv thaiv fresfty grounding ntawm av thiab yog li ntau txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tawg ntawm phab ntsa ntawm cov qhob ntawm tes. | Hauv cov cheeb tsam nrog kev pab tsis tuaj yeem yuav tsum tau ntau cov ntiaj teb loj (pawg ntawm lub hauv paus tseem muaj txiaj ntsig ntau dua). |
| Muab thaj chaw loj ntawm kev txhawb nqa rau cov av, uas txhais tau tias yam tsawg kawg nkaus thiab hnav khaub ncaws yam tsawg kawg nkaus, tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam, cov sedimort, cov sedimortion, cov sedimort, cov sedimort, cov sediment, cov sediment, cov sediment, cov sediment, cov sediment, cov sediment, cov sediment, cov sediment, cov sediment, lub tsev ntawm lub tsev. | Nws tsis tso cai npaj lub hauv qab daus lossis cellar hauv tsev. |
| Nrog cov yam ntxwv ntawm feem ntau ntawm cov chaw nyob ntawm Lavxias Federation, qhov tob ntawm khov (1.4-1.6 m) tso cai rau txo cov khoom siv ntawm cov pob zeb los ntawm cov pob zeb los ntawm cov ntaub nplaum. | Nyuaj rau cov caij ntuj. Hauv qhov no, nws yog kev lag luam ntau dua los ntawm cov tsis fledging (slab lossis daim kab xev). |
| Tsis tas yuav siv cov roj kim kim heev hlau thiab railway qauv thiab muaj zog ntiaj teb, tho thiab txuas cov txheej txheem. | Qhov sau ntawm pob zeb ua yuav tsum tau nqa tawm hauv lub sijhawm luv luv, uas txhais tau tias nws tsis yog ua kom tsis muaj lub Hoobkas kim. Kev xa tawm qeeb los ntawm ntau tshaj 12 teev yuav yooj yim txo qis lub zog ntawm lub phaj. |
| Nws yog nruab nrog chav sov, uas tau lees paub tias yog qhov cua sov nyiam tshaj plaws. |
Thaum lub hauv paus ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm cov pob qij txha ntawm cov phiaj ntawm cov kab mob chaw cov lus teb thiab kaw (raws li txoj cai - polyurethane kua nplaum). Rau qis fins, muaj tob 20 cc. 20 cm. Ntawm qhov chaw so, lub phaj yuav tsum muaj tuab ntawm tsawg kawg 10 cm. Yees duab: Tehatonolikol
Niaj hnub no, lub qhov cub Swedish tau txiav txim siab ib qho ntawm cov hauv paus zoo tshaj plaws rau lub tsev qis. Nws yog dav siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm cov tsev tsim los ntawm cellular blocks, raws li "skewers" - tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau qhov teeb meem ntawm cov ntawv ntab ntab yog qhov nyuaj. Tej zaum tsuas yog rho tawm ntawm Swedish phaj yog ib tug kuj muaj. Nrog caij nplooj ntoos hlav melting, cov phab ntsa yuav raug kev txom nyem los ntawm kev ya raws. Ib nrab kov yeej cov kev tshem tawm no yuav pab tau tuab, tsa sandbreakerer tog hauv ncoo.
Ntas röber rigs tau ua cais thiab txo qis hauv cov zawj, thiab ib qib grille rau tag nrho cov phaj so hauv "ntawm qhov chaw". Yees duab: Tehartonol
Txhawm rau ua kom cov fittings nyob rau hauv cov tuab ntawm qhob, qee zaum cov zaub yas sawv. Yees duab: "IPS"
Tus ncej ntaus pob hlau hlau (thaum nws yooj yim siv rab phom tshwj xeeb). Yees duab: Tjep.
Lossis weld. Yees duab: Vladimir cov grigoriev / Burda Media
Lub thickness ntawm cov txheej txheem kub-insulating hauv kev tsim kho ntawm UCP yuav tsum yog los ntawm 200 txog 400 hli. Peb pom zoo siv rau rwb thaiv tsev ntawm lub hauv paus phaj extrusion polystyrene ua npuas ncauj carbon eco sp, uas muaj lub zog tsawg thiab biostability; Nws rov qab tuav nws cov khoom hauv av tsawg kawg 50 xyoo. Lub installation ntawm thermal rwb thaiv tsev yog nqa tawm hauv ob peb theem: cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov ntawv sau npe, tom qab ntawv ntawm cov nplooj ntawv ntawm Polystyrene thiab Stroof Rads raws li qhov project cov ntaub ntawv ua haujlwm. Tom qab ntawd, cov khaubncaws sab nraud ntxiv ntawm cov rwb thaiv tsev thermal tau muab tso; Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov recesses rau Ribbon Ribbies yog tsim. Cov kev xaiv zoo rau ib qho foundation yog qhov ua kom sov uas ua kom sov uas txav ntawm thaj chaw khov thiab deb ntawm lub hauv paus. Yog li, tag nrho cov qauv ntawm lub tsev tau txais kev tiv thaiv ntxiv tawm tsam cov hmoov hmoov av. Txij li hauv av nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus tsis khov, kev ua tau zoo dua yog tseem tsim rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub nqus dej.
Valeria Lychits
Cov Kws Tshaj Tshwj Xeeb Ntawm Cov Tuam Txhab Technonol
Kev tsim kho ntawm covL Foundation
Kev tsim kho ntawm FRAB Foundation muaj ntau theem, tom kawg ntawm txhua qhov uas ua tau zoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm tau ua tiav. Peb yuav tsis piav qhia tag nrho cov txheej txheem hauv kev nthuav dav, tab sis kuv yuav teb cov lus nug tseem ceeb uas koom nrog IVD.ru rooj sab laj yog feem ntau nug.
Cov kav dej ntawm kev sib deev sov yuav tsum tiv taus kev puas tsuaj, raws li hauv cov txheej txheem kev teeb tsa lawv raug rau kev siv tshuab. Qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws yog ua los ntawm tus ntoo khaub lig-txuas Polyethylene PE-XA. Yees Duab: Stonehut (2)
Yuav ua li cas xam cov tuab ntawm cov phaj thiab cov ntu hla ntawm cov zog?
Nws yuav tsum tau coj los ntawm cov qauv (SP 50.101.2004 thiab SP 63.1330.2012). Ib txoj kev yooj yim ntxiv kev siv cov phiaj xwm ua tiav uas muaj tag nrho cov tuam txhab siv loj. Txhawm rau tshawb xyuas cov kev suav thiab sib piv cov kev xaiv, nws yog qhov tsim nyog siv cov khoos phis tawm tshwj xeeb, xws li lub hauv paus, Gipro lossis WinBase.
Ntawm "classic" Swedish phaj, koj tuaj yeem ua kom cov phab ntsa tam sim ntawd los ntawm kev muab tso rau hauv thawj lub mom (lossis ib co nas masonry) ob txheej ntawm dov waterproofing. Yees duab: Stonehut.
Koj puas xav tau tso dej ncig thiab hauv qab qhov cub ntawm lub hauv paus?
Ntawm Swampy thiab dej nyab thaj chaw, nws yog qhov tsim nyog heev. Hauv qhov no, kev ua haujlwm ntawm txheej tso kua dej ua yeeb yam beech ntawm lub pob zeb ntawm ib feem loj (20-70 hli). Lub kaw lus yuav ua tau zoo dua yog tias tubular dej yog tuab dua (lawv cov theem zoo tshaj yog 1.5-2 m). Dej ntws kuj xav tau nyob ib ncig ntawm ib puag ncig ntawm slab lossis scene. Cov dej yuav tsum raug tso tawm rau hauv qhov dej ntws kom zoo lossis nce qib qis; Hauv cov qib hauv av tsawg dua 1 m ntawm qhov chaw, nws raug nquahu kom siv lub tshuab nqus dej los ntawm cov twj tso kua mis. Lub xub ntiag yuav txo qis kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov av khov nyob hauv tsev, yuav txuas tau kev pabcuam lub neej ntawm lub hauv paus thiab txo txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tawg ntawm qhov chaw.Cov phaj tau nchuav hauv qab lub tsev, suav nrog lub lawj thiab terrace (veranda). Yog tias koj ntxiv cov ntsiab lus tom qab ntawd, qhov ntxim nyiam ntawm kev tsim ntawm overcastions thiab cov kab nrib pleb ntawm kev sib tshuam ntawm cov phab ntsa loj dua.
Kev sib txuas lus Pave li cas?
Kev ywg dej thiab cov kav dej lim dej, nrog rau cov hluav taws xob cable (yog tias nws cov tswv yim hauv av) yog cov khoom siv Cushion. Lawv muaj kev tiv thaiv los ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau EPP txheej lossis tig mus rau ob peb txheej ntawm cov khoom siv dej. Hauv txoj ntsiab cai, nws muaj peev xwm txuas rau kev sib txuas lus thiab tom qab qhov kawg ntawm kev tsim kho - los ntawm cov thawv insulated.
Tab sis qee zaum cov monolithic lossis Masonry lub hauv paus yog tsim. Yees duab: "Foundation 47"
Puas yog nws ua tau los tsim ib qho slab foundation nyob rau hauv lub caij txias?
Qhov no yog ua tau, tab sis muaj feem nrog kev nce nqi thiab kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim qauv.
Pob zeb ua nrog lub caij ntuj no kho kev sib ntxiv los ntawm 25-40% kim dua li ib txwm, thiab tsis muaj peev xwm ua tau los ua hnyav Frost, yuav raug nqi 30-100 txhiab rubles. Nyob rau lub caij ntuj no, cov hauv ntiaj teb yog qhov nyuaj heev, thiab txhua lwm cov haujlwm nyuaj yog qhov nyuaj los ntawm txias thiab tsis muaj lub sijhawm.
Cov tshais tau hliv rau hauv lub hauv ncoo draining thiab txhawb txoj kab ke ntawm txoj kev. Yees duab: izba de luche
Puas yog nws ua tau los tsim kom muaj pob zeb pob zeb tawg los ntawm cov qhob hauv tsev?
Tsuas yog rau lub tsev me me ntawm kev lag luam. Yog tias peb tab tom tham txog lub tsev, tom qab ntawd cov qauv no tau cais tawm, vim tias thaum ua cov pob zeb uas yuav ua rau muaj mob me me ntawm lub phaj thiab nws txoj kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov khoom ntawm kab nrib pleb. Thaum lub pob zeb tiav lawm tau xa, so ntawm cov neeg tuaj txog ntawm lub tsheb yuav tsum yog 3-4 teev.
Muaj kev xav kom ua tau ntev ntawm 1-1.5 m nrog cov thooj nrog ib ntev ntawm 1-1.5 m kom tsis txhob tawg. Yees duab: izba de luche
Puas yog nws ua tau rau nteg hauv pem teb npog ncaj qha mus rau saum npoo ntawm Swedish phaj?
Yog lawm, raws li txoj cai, nws yog qhov ua tau los ua tsis muaj kev ntsuas ntsuas. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv hnyav heev, txheej nyias nyias ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm tus kheej yog pub. Nco ntsoov tias nws yog ntshaw kom nteg txheej txheej ntawm Swedish slab, zoo-ua cua sov, xws li lub pob zeb lossis pob zeb lub pob zeb, lub pob zeb tshwj xeeb.
On qhib terraces tshaj cov phiaj hlau, cov txheej txheem atmospheric nrog cov nplais los ntawm cov pob zeb los tiv thaiv, cov nplais ntoo, ib lub rooj sib dhos ntawm cov tsiaj nyaum. Yees duab: Shuttererstock / Fotodom.ru
3 Myth ntawm kev txhawb zog
- Lub zog no yuav tsum tau xaws, tsis yog welded, raws li vuam cuam tshuam rau lub zog ntawm cov hlau. Qhov tseeb, nws txhawj xeeb tsuas yog kev txhawb nqa, uas yog kev xyaum tsis tau siv hauv kev tsim kho tus kheej. Knitting fittings yooj yim thiab pheej yig dua thiab piav qhia txog cov koob meej ntawm hom no ntawm txoj kev teeb tsa.
- Koj tuaj yeem xaws cov fittings txhua yam thiab xaiv nruj nreem, txij li qhov sib txuas yog tsim nyog tsuas yog rau txoj haujlwm mounting ntawm lub hom phiaj. Lub caij no, raws li kev tsim kho cov cai tsim kho, yuav tsum tau rub mus rau ib leeg thaum lub dav hlau uas muaj lub zog. Fallows (lawv qhov ntev yog 40 lub zog diameters) yuav tsum yug los nrog hlau xaim hauv ntau qhov chaw.
- Qhov txoj kab uas hla tsis tseem ceeb yog tias qhov kev txhawb nqa coefficient yog pom (qhov sib piv ntawm thaj chaw ntawm thaj chaw hla kev ntawm cov qauv ua vaj tse). Qhov tseeb, kev siv nyias lub zog (8 hli) nce qhov nyuaj ntawm kev teeb tsa thiab ua kom muaj kev tswj hwm zoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm.
Kev xaiv tsim ntawm insulated slab foundation
1 - PescoGrabviy-naya hauv ncoo; 2 - rwb thaiv tsev (EPPS phiaj); 3 - Cov yeeb nkab ntws; 4 - Qhov Cuab Lub Zog; 5 - kav dej rau txoj kev sov siab; 6 - pem teb npog (pobzeb); 7 - Tso Dej Nrog Tso Tawm; 8 - lim txheej (geotextile); 9 - gravel poob siab; 10 - noo noo tiv taus tiav. Yees duab: Tehartonol
Kev sim hauv pem teb yog kuaj hauv ob theem. Tom qab mounting lub raj dej thiab mus rau lub pipeline thiab mus rau lub pob zeb ua ke slab, kev ncaj ncees ntawm cov kav dej tau sim los ntawm cov kua kub siab dhau qhov ua haujlwm 1.5 zaug. Lub sijhawm ntawm kev sim yog 3 teev. Raws li kev zam, nrog qhov tsis muaj peev xwm ntawm kev sim hydraulic (piv txwv li, vim yog te), yog qhov ntsuas cua compressed. Thaum pouring qhob kav hlau yuav tsum tau sau nrog txias txias thiab muaj kev nyuaj siab (ua haujlwm lossis kuaj). Tom qab teeb ntawm cov pob zeb ua, lub zog tsim nyog yog lub thermal sim, uas kav sijhawm xya hnub. Thaum xub thawj, rau peb hnub, lub kaw lus yuav tsum kos npe lub cerant rhuab mus rau 20-25 ° C. Tom qab ntawd qhov kev ua haujlwm siab tshaj plaws yog teeb tsa, uas tau txais kev txhawb nqa rau plaub hnub. Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, kev sib txawv ntawm kev sov siab ntawm txhua qhov ci ci yog kuaj nrog tus pas ntsuas kub.
Sergey bulkin
Rov ua tswv yim
Kev xam dav ntawm tus nqi tsim kho ntawm cov hauv paus hniav hauv qab daus nrog thaj tsam ntawm 80 m2
Lub npe ntawm kev ua haujlwm | tus nab npawj | Nqi, tshiav. |
Geodesic rhuav tshem | Chaw ua yeeb yam | 12,000 |
Ntiaj teb, Ntaus Hauv ncoo | 32 M3 M3 | 16 800. |
KO COV PAB | Chaw ua yeeb yam | 18 000 |
Kev xaim ntawm cov dej thiab cov kav dej lim dej | Chaw ua yeeb yam | 14 500. |
Txhim kho cov formwork, rwb thaiv tsev, cuam tshuam cov ncej | Chaw ua yeeb yam | 32 000 |
Installation ntawm cov kav dej rau pem teb sov | 380 pog. M. | 34 200. |
Concreting, vibratetonization | Chaw ua yeeb yam | 000 |
| Tag nrho | 153 500. | |
Cov ntaub ntawv thov rau ntu | ||
Suab zeb | 16 m3. | 14 500. |
Crushed Pob Zeb Granitis | 8 m3 | 16 000 |
Edged Board | 1.5 m3 | 3500. |
Cov kav dej (PVC thiab polypropylene) | Chaw ua yeeb yam | 22 000 |
Armature (Qws 12 hli thiab daim phiaj 8 hli) | 1.1 T. | 32 000 |
Epps Plotbon Eco Eco Sp 1180 × 580 × 100 | 235 PCs. | 79 900. |
Sawb thiab Cov Ntaub Ntawv Zov Khoom | 7 500. | |
QHOB M300 | 13 m3 | 44 200. |
| Tag nrho | 219 600. | |
| Tag nrho | 373 100 100. |
