Xaiv lub pob zeb pob zeb ua rau sab hauv lossis sab nraum zoov, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov tias raws li nws cov yam ntxwv kev paub, cov khoom siv no txawv ntawm cov khoom siv ceramic zoo. Yog li ntawd, rau nws txoj kev tso, cov nplaum nplaum tshwj xeeb yog siv, muaj lub zog siab dua nrog lub hauv paus.
Xaiv lub pob zeb pob zeb ua rau sab hauv lossis sab nraum zoov, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov tias raws li nws cov yam ntxwv kev paub, cov khoom siv no txawv ntawm cov khoom siv ceramic zoo. Yog li ntawd, rau nws txoj kev tso, cov nplaum nplaum tshwj xeeb yog siv, muaj lub zog siab dua nrog lub hauv paus.
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Nias thiab tua hluav taws
Plooj cov pob zeb pob zeb, ntxiv rau cov vuas luaj ceramic, tsim los ntawm cov nplais ceramic, tsim los ntawm cov sib xyaw ntawm cov sib txawv thiab qee cov ntxhia cov khoom, tab sis cov zaub mov txawv sib txawv. Hauv kev tsim cov pob zeb pob zeb, cov sib tov qhuav yog muab tso rau hauv cov duab thiab nias hauv qab qhov siab siab (50 MPA). Lawm, tom qab xws li kev ua, tsis muaj microcacks, pores thiab emptiness, uas yog ntau nyob rau hauv lub vuas "lub cev ceramic. Qhov kev npaj ntawm daim phiaj hniav yog tom qab ntawd hlawv ntawm qhov kub ntawm 1200-1300 s, thiab txhua feem yog sintered, tig hauv yuav luag monolith. Qhov tshwm sim yog cov khoom siv heev uas tsis muaj cuab yeej siv nrog dej nqus, ze rau xoom (0.0.5%), tsawg dua li tej pob zeb ntuj. Undermined viles no qhov ntsuas yog 3-20%.
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Kev muag khoom muag (veneer) platwares tau sau npe siv seamless styling tsuas yog nyob hauv tsev. Tsis muaj cov tee kub uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab hauv pem teb vim qhov ntau thiab txias ntawm cov vuas uas zoo nkauj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hom ntawv loj (a).
Soho plooj (Peronda) yog classic rearreed li 44x4cm (Nqe 1M2- ", tsim rau Seamless Styloing hauv chav (B, B). Lub keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev sau ua ke los ntawm kev dai cov ntsiab lus: Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov qauv duab 44xm, nrog rau cov vaj huam sib luag (nqe - 46xm (Nqe 1 PC. - 3540 Cm) thiab 44x8 cm.
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Vim tias cov dej nqus dej tsawg, plooj (vencele resistant, lossis tiv taus kub thiab txias. Nws tsis yog los ntawm txoj kev sib ntsib yog nquag siv tsis tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cov kev sib tham, balconies, facemies thiab lub tsev facades, txawm tias muaj heev stern heev huab cua. Qhov no tsis tuaj yeem hais txog cov vuas vuas ceramic: Feem ntau ntawm cov kev sib sau tau npaj rau sab hauv, thiab tsuas yog cov hom neeg tuaj yeem tso rau ntawm txoj kev.
Lub tswv yim ntawm tus kws tshaj lij
Thaum lub sam thiaj, balconies, cov chaw nres hluav taws kub, peb pom zoo kom siv cov nplaum kub eleveling, xws li "knauf-flex". Ntxiv rau lub siab adhesion lub zog nrog lub hauv paus, lawv muaj ib qho cuab yeej los tuav cov nplais hauv nws cov kev tawm dag li cas uas tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm cua sov thiab cua txias. Neelastic nplaum muaj zog yuav maj nruam, thiab emptiness - sau rau noo noo, txo cov nplaum ntawm cov nplais ntoo, yog li nws yuav kav ntev. Alastic muaj peev xwm ntawm ib nrab pauv lawv geometry thiab rov qab mus rau nws cov khoom qub, thaum tswj hwm kev txhim khu kev qha cov pob zeb thiab kom tsis txhob nqus dej). Nws txhais tau tias qhov kev sib ntsib tsis muaj teeb meem yuav ua rau kom qhov kub hloov thiab nce cov khoom siv zoo sab hauv thiab sab nraud chav.Irina trifonova,
Tus thawj tswj hwm khoom rau cement sib xyaw ntawm Ob txhais tes
Lub pob zeb plooj (veneacain yog cov tiv thaiv cov roj av muaj abrasive, uas txhais tau tias lub siab hnav tsis kam. Los ntawm txoj kev, nws tsis tau sim ntawm lub npoo hardness tsis yog ceramics tsis yog lub pob zeb uas muaj kev txiav txim siab los ntawm qhov kaum tus qauv minerals, cov khoom xeem tau kos). Cerambularian hardness yog 5-8 units. Nyob ntawm seb hom saum npoo. Ntawm lub hauv paus no, cov khoom siv tau muab faib ua kev tsis zoo siab thiab glazed. Qhov feem ntau ua tau thiab ruaj khov (8 chav nyob) yog unughled plooj (veneers) pob zeb uas thoob plaws lub tuab. Xws li cov vuas muaj cov abrasive loj - xuab zeb (nws muaj cov pob zeb quarten, lub hardness ntawm uas nyob rau ntawm lub moon nplai yog 7 chav nyob) thiab thaum hnav tsis pauv qhov tsos. Tsawg tawv tawv muaj polished thiab glazed plooj (veneers) pob zeb. Thawj tom qab tua hluav taws yog polished, tau txais kev ci ntsa iab ntawm cov qib sib txawv. Ua ntej hlawv ob thib ob, lub ntsej muag ci yog siv rau nws nto.
Tsuas yog ua raws li cov lus pom zoo ntawm cov chaw tsim tshuaj paus rau cov khoom lag luam yug me nyuam rau cov cuab yeej ua noj thiab cov txheej txheem tso, koj yuav tau txais cov qauv ruaj khov.
Plooj me nyuam pob zeb ua ke tiv thaiv cov teebmeem ntawm cov tshuaj - organic kuab tshuaj, muaj cov kua qaub muaj zog thiab alkalis. Yog li ntawd, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau chav dej, chav ua noj thiab chav ua noj. Qhov pom tseeb feem ntau ntawm cov pob zeb plooj cartware yog nws cov txheeb ze li ntawm lub xeev xoob. Tab sis qhov tsis txaus no yuav tsis tsim teeb meem yog tias ua kom zoo siv cov khoom siv thaum lub sijhawm thauj mus los thiab pw.
Qhov ntev ntawm cov vuas luaj ntawm cov vuas luaj Lub thickness ntawm cov vuas yog 4-30 hli. Cov Poppers - Cov neeg xav tau cov neeg xav tau zoo tshaj plaws nrog lub siab tuab ntawm 4-14mm: qhov no yog qhov txaus ua kom muaj zog heev rau hauv tsev neeg. Lub plhaw plhaw plooj (veneer) feem ntau yog siv rau cladding phab ntsa, thiab tuab dua (los ntawm 8 hli thiab ntau dua) - rau hauv pem teb. Lub caij ntuj no feem ntau siv ib qho kev rov ua dua (i.e. Edged) porcelain. Nws cov npoo tau txiav tawm nrog lub pob zeb diamond twj, uas muab cov kev ntsuas qhov tseeb. Thaum tso cov ntsiab lus ntawd, cov nqaws ntawm lawv yog cov qauv tsis pom, yog li kev xav ntawm homogeneous nto tshwm.
Lub tswv yim ntawm tus kws tshaj lij
Txhawm rau kom tau zoo thiab ruaj ruaj cladding, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev kom tau txais cov tuab ntawm cov khoom lag luam nplaum pom. Cov yam ntxwv Twinic ntawm txhua tus kua nplaum muaj lub rooj nrog cov ntaub ntawv no. Qhov kev pom zoo ntawm cov lus zoo ntawm cov lus sib xyaw niaj hnub no, raws li txoj cai, tsis pub ntau tshaj 5 hli. Yog tias koj thov cov kua nplaum tuab, nws yuav muab cov shrinkage, voids tau tsim nyob rau hauv cov nplais, thiab vim li ntawd, ntau yam tsis xws luag yuav tshwm sim. Piv txwv li, los ntawm cov vuas vuas delta yuav rov qab ua dua nrog kev hwm rau lub dav hlau thoob plaws hauv av. Cov kev txwv ntawm cov huab cua txoj kev ntseeg tuaj yeem tawg nyob rau hauv kev kis tau rau lub point load. Los ntawm rooj plaub yuav muaj kev sib cais thiab cov vuas tshem tawm los yog cov vuas uas muaj nplaum nrog nrog kua nplaum - los ntawm lub hauv paus. Yuav tsis muaj cov teeb meem xws li yog thov cov kua nplaum nrog cov hniav spatula. Vim yog cov plaub hau plaub hau ntawm tib qho loj me me, cov lus qhia tau muab faib rau ntawm lub ntsej muag ncaj ncees, thiab cov grooves muaj qhov xav tau tuab (2 zaug tsawg dua qhov siab ntawm cov hniav).
Valery Gemadiev, kev siv tus thawj coj ntawm Lausrokol.
Yog li, peb tau teev cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm plooj (veneinain sib nraus pob zeb, ua tsaug uas nws cov koob npe tseem pheej loj zuj zus ntxiv kom loj hlob. Nws tuaj yeem hais tias cov khoom siv no nrog cov txuj ci ua kom zoo, uas tsis muaj kev txwv dab tsi. Yog tias nws tau muab tso rau hauv tib qho kev mob ib yam li cov nplais hluav taws ib txwm, nws yuav kav ntev li ob peb zaug ntev dua. Txawm li cas los xij, txhawm rau muaj kev sib tw tso cov pob zeb plooj (koj yuav tsum paub qee yam ntawm nws cov nta.
Yooj yim logic
Txhua qhov sib txawv hauv lub teeb tsa ntawm cov pob zeb hauv pob zeb thiab cov vuas luaj ceramic tau piav qhia los ntawm cov khoom sib txawv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv no. Piv txwv li, cov vuas luaj ceramic nrog txoj kev nqus dej ncaj ncees (nce mus txog 20%) feem ntau yog muab tso rau ntawm cov cement daws. Nws ib nrab nkag siab lub pores ntawm sab nraum qab ntawm cov nplais, thiab cov ntsej muag yog khaws cia vim yog kho neeg kho tshuab clutch. Los ntawm txoj kev, tus txiv neej qub qub tseem khaws tus cwj pwm ntawm kev tso cov vuas ua ntej tso. Qhov tseeb yog tias cov khoom siv nrog kev qhib pores nquag nqus dej noo, thiab vim qhov kev sib xyaw txuas ntxiv thaum lub sij hawm ntawm cov vuas tuaj yeem kho tau. Thaum pw ib nplais "qhuav" cov nplais uas yooj yim tshaj plaws, nws tsis yog ntau tshaj 10 feeb, thiab rau "ntub" - lub sijhawm sib nrug ua ntau tshaj 2 zaug.
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Cov kua nplaum rau plooj (venein stoneware tau muab faib rau saum npoo nrog cov hniav spatula. Cov hniav yuav tsum muaj cov duab square, thiab qhov loj me yog knocked tawm nyob ntawm cov pob zeb hom: txog 10 cm - 4 hli, txog li 15 cm - 6 hli it.p.
Thaum ua haujlwm nrog cov nplaum ua niaj hnub, xws li cov kev ntxias tsis yog tsim nyog, raws li cov chaw tsim khoom lag luam tau pom zoo kom muaj kev sib xyaw kom qhuav hauv cov dej. Ntxiv ya raws los ntawm "cov vuas ntub dej yuav rhuav tshem cov sib piv no, uas yuav ua rau muaj zog thiab qib txaus - 0.3 nce ntxiv lub sijhawm kom qhuav ntawm cov muaj pes tsawg leeg.
Lub tswv yim ntawm tus kws tshaj lij
Los ntawm kev yuav cov nplaum sib tov rau kev tso cov pob zeb plooj (porcelainainware rau hauv pem teb, xyuam xim rau lub chaw tsim khoom siv lub zog clutch nrog lub hauv paus uas muab ib qho kev sib xyaw. Tus nqi nyuaj, muaj ntau dua cov adhesion tus nqi yuav tsum yog. Piv txwv li, rau plooj (venein) pob zeb pob zeb uas muaj 450 G / 100 CM xaiv), 600 g / 100 cm- "mastplix t-12" (0.7 mpa), Txog 800 g / 100 cm - "Gerppiles T-14" (1 mpa). Rau cov vuas-loj-cov vuas loj, cov nplaum nrog lub zog siab thiab cov yam ntxwv nplaum yuav tsum tau yuav. Tom qab tag nrho, sai li ib tug neeg tuaj rau ntawm cov npoo ntawm cov nplais, hauv qab muaj cov kua nplaum uas tsis paub, tam sim ntawd tsim "xub pwg", ua haujlwm rau kis. Uas yog cov ntsiab lus tsis zoo tshaj, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws lub zog nrhiav kom ntuag cov nplais los ntawm lub hauv paus.
Vladimir tag nrho cov hws,
Kws ua txuj ci Td Stroymontazh Ms
Nws muaj qhov ntom ntom heev, tsis muaj-ntxeem tau thiab tsis nqus dej noo noo tsis ua rau muaj kev txiav txim zoo. (Nyob rau hauv tib txoj kev, nws tsis zoo li uas ib tug neeg yuav los rau hauv lub taub hau los tsoo iav vuas thiab nteg lawv ntawm corenin sib tov.) Tab sis nws tsis tuaj yeem lav Lub durability ntawm kev ntsib txoj kev no. Kkasne Kev sib xyaw rau cov pob zeb plooj (veneac) muaj cov kev xav tau loj dua li cov nplaum rau tej hub. Cov no yuav tsum yog cov lus sib xyaw ntawm hom kev sib chwv, tsim cov yeeb yaj kiab nplaum, uas ib txhij ua lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov nplaum thiab txheej txheem deforming thaum thauj khoom. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog tias cov nplaum muaj zog nrog lub hauv paus ntawm cov txheej txheem nplaum muaj tsawg kawg 0.5 MPa rau sab hauv thiab tsawg kawg 1 MPa - rau sab nraud. Qhov hnyav dua qhov hnyav thiab daim ntawv ntawm cov vuas, siab dua cov nplaum yuav tsum muaj kua nplaum. Xws li cov neeg sib tw ua ke (thaum pw ib qho loj-hom verting lossis teeb tsa cov vuas luaj) rau kev siv cov nplaum uas muaj lub zog clutch nrog rau saum npoo yog 1-1.5 MPa. Cov kws tsim khoom tau txais cov cuab yeej xws li qhia cov noob taum tshwj xeeb rau hauv cov nplaum, uas nce lawv cov nqi. Hauv kev ua lag luam hauv tsev koj tuaj yeem pom ntau cov nplaum sib xyaw rau kev tso cov pob zeb plooj (veneers). Lawv raug tso tawm los ntawm lub tuam txhab "ci ntsa iab-tsim khoom", "Td Stroymontazh MS" zoo tshaj plaws "zoo tshaj plaws"), ivsok, unis (txhua - Russia), Performance index, mapei (ob qho tib si - Ltalis), Henkel (Cov cim ceresit, lub teb chaws Yelemees).
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Tab sis. Kua nplaum tov: rau cov av tsis zoo tso dej - ya los (25kg - 250 daim tawv.), Elastic - Flex (25KG - 530 tshiav.)
b. Kev sib xyaw: rau cov paib loj-tsim - "Mast plux T-12" (255 Rurbles), rau cov sabs hnyav - "Gerppiles T-14" (25kg - 280 rubles)
nyob rau hauv. Cov kua nplaum tov: Loof Looor K66 (25kg - 450TRUBE.), Litof Lex K81 (25kg LEX K80 (5kg - 160 tshij.)
Kua nplaum tov khoom xyaw: Weber.Vetonit Yooj Yim Kho (25kg - 290 tshiav.), Wrow.vetonit Prod I Plus (25kG - 350 tshia.)
Tsim nyog thiab txaus
Lub neej ntawm lub porcelain txuas nyob ntawm tsis yog los ntawm kev sib xyaw sib tov, tab sis kuj yog qhov tseeb tau npaj. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los kho nws, txawm hais tias tsis yog tus kws tshaj lij kev tsis saib xyuas nws feem ntau tsis saib xyuas nws thiab sim kom du tawm cov qhov siab me me uas muaj kua nplaum. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog roving lub hauv paus nrog niaj hnub nplaum - tsis muaj kev tsis taus, txij li lawv muaj ntau nqi ntau dua li ib txwm kim heev.
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Thaum tso daim phiaj hniav plooj pob zeb ntawm txoj kev ntawm cov vuas, nws yog qhov tsim nyog kom tawm 3-7Mm sib txawv los them rau kev tiv thaiv kub.
Lub hauv paus yuav tsum ua raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua Snip 3.04.01-87 thiab muaj txaus nqa muaj peev xwm. Qhov saum npoo nyob hauv qab ntawm ob sab phlu yuav tsum du li sai tau, nrog 2mm kev kam rau ntawm qhov ntev ntawm ob-meter rail siv rau lub dav hlau no. Cov npoo npoo yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm vim tias cov hmoov av tiv thaiv cov nplaum ntawm cov kua nplaum, uas hostess sprinkle lub rooj kom ntseeg tau tias lub khob noom cookie tsis lo rau nws thaum sib tov. Thaum kawg, lub hauv paus yuav tsum tau tshaj tawm txog kev ya raws, tsim nyog rau cov khoom nplaum ib txwm, tsis txhob cia nws sai heev.
Rau kev nteg daim phiaj hniav plooj pob zeb ntawm cov pob zeb (deforming thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm) puag, ntoo, fane, ib qho chaw ua si thiab xis. - Ib leeg-tivthaiv Elastic lub zog nrog lub npoo (tsawg kawg 1 MPA siv ("Saint-GBen cov khoom siv"), saib 17 ceresit (Henkel), "Zoo tshaj plaws Maximplips T-16 "(" TD STOYMontazh ms "), lossis ob-sib xyaw ua ke ntawm epoxy lossis polyurethane raws li. Thaum sib txuas sib txuas (tam sim ntawd ua ntej siv), lawv sau cov tshuaj lom neeg. Ntawm cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov txiaj ntsig, nws tiav nplaum nplaum txheej kis tau cov khoom tshwj xeeb, muaj peev xwm hais tias, muaj peev xwm hais tias, muaj peev xwm ua kom yaj nyob rau hauv cov chaw xis nyob hauv qab, suav nrog cov chaw huab cua, suav nrog cov ntaub yas, cov hlau, pob zeb ua. Nws tuaj yeem hais tias cov no yog kev coj ua kom thoob ntiaj teb. Lawv tsuas yog drawback yog tus nqi siab.
Lub tswv yim ntawm tus kws tshaj lij
Plooj (veneers) Cartyam muaj siab ua hauj lwm tsis taus. Yog li ntawd, nws yog siv rau ntawm ntaiv, terraces thiab ramps. Qhov ntau dua ntawm thaj chaw saib xyuas thaj chaw, muaj zog yuav tsum yog cov nplaum ntawm cov vuas cov nplais nrog lub hauv paus thiab plooj pob zeb pob zeb. Piv txwv li, rau cov chaw nyob hauv tsev ntawm lub sam thiaj qhib, chav tsev yog txaus nplaum, uas muab cov tiled nplaum web.vetonit yooj yim kho - 0.6 mpa. Thaum ntsib cov ntaiv sab nraum zoov, kev kho vaj tse, muaj zog txhim kho yog qhov yuav tsum muaj siv Wree.vetonit Prof I Plus - tsawg kawg 1 MPa. Thaum xaiv cov nplais nplaum rau sab nrauv ntsib ntawm facades, ntaiv, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account lub zog tsis kam ntawm cov pobzeb muaj pes tsawg leeg. Pobzeb Adhesives Web.Vetonit koom nrog F75 hom hauv Frost tsis kam thiab ua tiav tau nyob rau hauv cov chaw ua haujlwm khov.EVGENON IVLYA, Tus thawj coj khoom lag luam
"Saint-Goben Cov Khoom Siv Siv Hluav Taws Xob"
Tas Nrho
Nyob rau hauv cov lus qhia ntawm feem ntau ua cov khoom lag luam ntawm cov nplaum, tom qab cov nplais uas sib xyaw thiab cov nplais yog nias rau lub hauv paus, yuav tsum tau them tsawg kawg 65 % ntawm cov glued saum npoo ntawm phab ntsa thiab 80% - ntawm cov plag tsev. " Tab sis qhov no tsis txhais tau tias nws yuav tsum tau thov tsis yog rau tag nrho saum npoo, tab sis tsuas yog nyob rau qee ntu. Kev tso chaw ntawm cov plooj (porcelain sab hauv ntawm phab ntsa ntawm phab ntsa, kua nplaum tau siv rau lub hauv paus nrog tus hniav spatula. Nws dag nrog txoj kev zuaj. Tom qab ntawd ntawm cov nplaum txheej nteg cov pobzeb thiab nias nws rau lub hauv paus. Tom qab hais tias, qhov grooves yog me ntsis plhaw, thiab kua nplaum siv 65-70% ntawm thaj chaw. Thaum tso daim phiaj hniav plooj pob zeb rau hauv pem teb (ntawm no yog qhov pom nyob rau hauv cov kab ke yog qhov uas cov ko taw tshwj xeeb, lossis, piano), nrog rau hauv kev ua haujlwm sab nraud , Cov kws tshaj lij pom zoo kom muaj txoj kev sib txuas ua ke, lossis ib txoj kev ntawm ob ntu. Cov kua nplaum tau thov rau lub hauv paus, thiab nyob sab nraum qab ntawm cov plooj (porcelain pobzeb du lossis hniav spatula. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv kawg, cov nplais yog siv rau lub hauv paus, tig nws mus rau 90 yog li ntawd adhesive grooves tsim ib "kab sib chaws".
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Lub installation ntawm plooj cartware muaj cov kauj ruam hauv qab no: ib qho kev sib xyaw ua ke (a) tau thov rau lub hauv paus ua ke; Tom qab ntawd cov pobzeb tau thov rau nws, sab nraum qab ntawm uas tseem npog nrog kua nplaum (b); Kev khi hniav tob ntawm cov vuas luaj li siv yas crosses (b); Yog tias tsim nyog, cov ntsiab lus yog txiav (g); Tsis tshua muaj lus cog cov vuas xyuas nrog ib qib tsev (D); Tom qab ziab cov kua nplaum, cov nqaws (E) yog sutured.
Kev ua kom tiav ntawm cov lus qhia no yog qhov tseem ceeb heev, txij li thaum muaj kev cuam tshuam nrog kev nthuav dav ntawm kev nthuav dav ntawm lub hauv paus thiab lub ntsej muag nws tus kheej. Cov kev txhawj xeeb thiab kev ntxhov siab ntawm cov vuas luaj thiab lub hauv paus yuav tsum tau nchuav los ntawm ib txheej kua nplaum thiab qib siab-nplaum.
Inconcludes, peb nco ntsoov tias kev ua haujlwm yog ntshaw kom ua ntawm huab cua kub ntawm 10-30 s thiab txheeb ze cov av noo tsis pub ntau tshaj 80%. Cov mob no tau xis nyob rau kev kho cov khoom nplaum nplaum, thiab rau cov wizard, tso cov vuas.
Cov Kws Kho Mob Lub Tuam Txhab "Ceramics", Ob txhaisa, Saint-Saint cov chaw tsim khoom ntawm Spanish pab txhawb kev pab hauv kev npaj cov khoom siv.