Cov xim txiav txim siab ntawm ob-zaj dab neeg nrog thaj tsam ntawm 169.6 M2, nyob hauv lub zos ntawm Tokstrad cheeb tsam, ua rau nws tus qauv atypical.
Rau ntau pua xyoo nyob rau hauv kab, ib tsob ntoo ob leeg hauv tebchaws Russia thiab nyob rau hauv cov av finnish ntau yog cov khoom siv lub tsev loj. Maj mam, cov kws ua vajtse-cov kws ua yeeb yam tau tsim tag nrho cov kab ke ntawm cov txheej txheem kos duab, kev tshaj plaws. Cia peb hais, txhawm rau khaws cov cua sov ntawm lub qhov rais thiab qhov rooj ntawm cov tsev nyob tau ua tiav, thiab muaj ob peb tus kheej. Qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg, raws li txoj cai, tsim kab rov tav, yog li ntawd raws li ib lub tsev tag nrho saib nyuaj thiab muaj monotonous.
Niaj hnub niaj hnub ntoo vaj tse tau txhim tsa los ntawm Honka (Fonza) hauv lub zos ntawm Toksovo Leningrad cheeb tsam, rhuav tshem cov steotype li qub. Lawv tsis yog txhua yam zoo li cov cav thaum ub. Muaj lwm cov kev sib txawv, cov ntaub ntawv asymmetry, teeb pom kev zoo thiab dynamism. Raws li lub hauv paus ntawm lub tsev uas peb xav qhia, ib qho phiaj xwm me yog coj mus. Ntxiv mus, Suvikumpa version yog xaiv raws li qhov pib siv ob zaug tau siv nyob rau hauv lub zos no thiab yog li ntawd paub cov qhua tuaj noj mov tsis yog los ntawm cov neeg siv khoom thiab kos duab. Kev tsim qauv, txoj haujlwm tau hloov pauv tsis muaj zog tshwj xeeb. Nws tsuas tau kho me ntsis cov qauv ntawm cov qauv hauv qab daus, nrog rau hloov cov nplaim hluav taws xob tsawg heev ntawm lwm tus, zoo nkauj. Txawm li cas los xij, lub tsev tau hais txog kev txiav txim siab xim - ntawm kev thov ntawm tus tswv, nws tau pleev xim rau hauv cov xim grey thiab dawb xim. ITO tau yooj yim dua cov kev tsim kho nrog lub sam thiaj thiab ib qho chaw ntawm cov chaw siab.
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov av xuab zeb cov xeeb ceem ntawm cov lus piav qhia tau nyob rau hauv foundation kev lag luam thaiv, chav hauv qab daus hauv monolithic sib tshooj. Nrog rau "tsaws", cov tsev siv lub ntuj poob ntawm txoj kev nyem. Los ntawm sab ntawm lub faadeade, lub hauv qab daus yog poob dej hauv toj, thiab nrog qhov rov qab qhib thiab txiav los ntawm lub Windows. Lub toj nws tus kheej yuav tsum tau ntxiv thiab ntxiv dag zog rau cov phab ntsa ceev ceev. Nws, raws li lub hauv paus, yog txoj hlua khi nrog lub teeb ci limestone, cov khoom siv, uas yog tsoos rau Karelian kob thiab qhia txog kev tsim kho ecological. Ua tib zoo xav tawm thiab kev taw qhia ntawm lub tsev ntawm lub xaib. Lub qhov rais ntawm chav nyob saib xyuas sab qab teb hnub poob, yog li ntshiab yav tsaus ntuj, thaum tus tswv so ntawm no tom qab hnub ua haujlwm, chav dej yog dej nyab nrog lub hnub. Steros thiab Balconies muaj cov kev pom zoo nkauj ntawm cov nyom loj thiab cov duab hluav taws xob.
Cov phab ntsa yog tsim los ntawm cov ntoo thuv cav txuas nrog hauv cov ces kaum nrog kev pab ntawm lub sijhawm kev pab paub los ntawm lub sijhawm qub tshaj plaws nrog cov seem. Sab nraud, cov qauv tsim tag nrho yog them nrog ya raws, fungi thiab kab vas, lub qhov rai-xim (phab ntsa) los ntawm Tikkurila (Finland).
Ua Brene
Ib qho ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov ntoo yog nws hygroscopicity, uas yog, kev nqus dej noo zoo. Ua tsaug rau cov khoom zoo no, ntoo phab ntsa ua ib hom ntuj lim uas txhawb cov huab cua muaj peev xwm kev nyab xeeb hauv thaj chaw. Ntoo cov pa dej cov pa dej vapors nrog cov av noo thiab, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, cov dej noo, muab nws tus kheej noo noo. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum hloov ya raws, qhov loj ntawm cov khoom ntoo hloov pauv (tsob ntoo dries lossis swells). Thiab, raws li txoj cai, hom oscillation no tsis sib luag. Qhov tshwm sim yog kev ntxhov siab nyob hauv ntoo hauv ntoo, uas ua rau tsim ntawm longitudinal tawg, uas txo cov cua sov engineering thiab lwj cov tsos ntawm lub cav.
Kev tsim kho lub tsev nyob rau ntawm Finnish thev naus laus zis muab rau ziab cov ntoo ua ntej ntawm cov ntoo tshwj xeeb, nrog rau nws cov kev ua tshwj xeeb. Qhov no tso kwv yees li peb zaug los txo cov ntsiab lus noo ntawm cov khoom thiab txo cov kev tsim cov kab nrib pleb. Tom qab hle cov tawv ntoo ntawm lub cav milling ib qho kev sib tw sib tw ntev ntawm kev ua yeeb yam. Qhov tshwm sim yog txo volvages tshwm sim los ntawm ziab, thiab cov tawg loj tawg tsis tshwm sim. Tom qab ntawd lub cav xa mus rau chav ziab, thaum tawm hauv nws, nws cov av noo tsis tshaj 18 feem pua ntawm lub ntuj ib. Khoos phib tawj tswj kev ziab, ua rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob niaj hnub, tso cai rau koj kom ua tiav cov kev faib tawm ntawm cov dej noo.
Tom qab ntawd, lub voj voog lub voj voog (nws txoj kab uas hla dhau qhov ntev tag nrho yog sib npaug), thiab cov sib dhos ua ke yog xaiv hauv kev zaws cov khoom sib xyaw. Cov ntsiab lus tiav yog them nrog tshwj xeeb muaj pes tsawg leeg uas khaws cov xim ntoo thiab tiv thaiv nws thaum muaj kev thauj mus los noo, fungi thiab kab. Txhua lub ntsiab ntawm lub tsev yav tom ntej log tau ua pawg, khij thiab kaw kom nruj rau hauv cov yeeb yaj kiab polyethylene. Yog li, yuav luag cov cav qhuav ntawm daim ntawv zoo tshaj plaws poob rau ntawm lub chaw tsim khoom. Vim qhov no, thermal kuj thiab cov tsos ntawm tsa cov phab ntsa yog qhov zoo dua li cov ib txwm muaj.
Shrinking Tsev tau suav ua ntej thiab, ua tsaug rau qee qhov kev ua kom zoo, nws tshwm sim tsis muaj, twb tau sau tseg, twb tau sau tseg, twb tau sau tseg, twb tau sau tseg, twb tau sau tseg, twb tau ua tiav, twb muaj cov txheej txheem ntawm nws txoj haujlwm. Piv txwv li, thaum txuas txuas ib qho Rafter nrog lub cav sab saud thiab teeb tsa ntawm cov ntaiv, cov chaw cog ntoo tshwj xeeb tau siv. Ib qhov khoob me me tau tso tawm ntawm lub qhov rais thiab lub qhov rooj lub qhov rooj (lawv muaj nrog rwb thaiv tsev thiab dhau sijhawm yuav ploj vim kev ntsws). Zoo ib yam li pom nyob rau hauv cov chaw sib txuas ntawm cov nqaj nrog kev txhawb nqa ntsug, uas tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm lub sam thiaj. Kab rov tav cov txheej txheem cov ntsiab lus yog raws li cov lawv tus kheej, tab sis mus rau "Screws fortified hauv lawv, uas thaum lub tsev yuav tsum tau maj.
Lwm daim card ntawm kev tsim kho yog txuam nrog nws cov khoom siv fais fab. Qhov tseeb yog tias cov cables yog nteg ncaj qha rau hauv lub cav (feem ntau muab tso rau hauv cov chaw sab nraud). Honka muaj daim ntawv tso cai siv hluav taws xob kom tsim nyog.
Lub tsev yog compact heev. Nws tag nrho cheeb tsam, noj mus rau hauv tus account lub terrace thiab lub sam thiaj, yog kwv yees li 170m2. Txawm li cas los xij, ua tsaug rau cov txheej txheem tsim nyog, txoj kev xav ntawm ulpe tsis tshwm sim. Nyob rau hauv "nyob hauv av" ntawm qab daus, hauv chav sib cais, dej huv si tau nruab. Nyob ze yog nruab nrog sauna nrog chav da dej thiab chav dej tau nruab nrog chav sov (xws li chav dej ntawm cov pem teb sab saud thiab chav nkag). Aocina nyob ib sab ntawm lub teeva ntawm chav so thiab lub txee rau tus tswv saib zoo ntsuab polyana.
Nyob rau hauv thawj theem muaj lub peev xwm nrog ib tug tambour, chav nyob, chav da dej, chav dej thiab ib chav pw sib cais. Nws tsis muaj kev sib txawv sib tshooj nyob rau hauv chav nyob, yog li ntawd nws qhov siab tsuas yog tsuas yog los ntawm rafters ntawm lub ru tsev, thiab cov kab ntawm cov ntoo hauv av thiab ntoo staircase tau qhib rau Ferris. Cov neeg sab hauv tau sib cais heev conventionly thiab ua ib qho chaw nyob rau hauv uas ib qho chaw ntawm lub poom dej thiab chav ua noj kuj muaj. Hauv chav ua noj, lub tsev nplaum nplaum cov nplaum tau hloov los ntawm cov pobzeb ceramic, txawv me ntsis ntawm nws hauv cov xim.
Qhov chaw ntawm cov chaw ib qho thiab ib qho ntxiv ntawm cov cua sov hauv lub tsev ua haujlwm kaw ob tog ntawm lub teb chaws ntawm chav nyob nruab nrab ntawm chav nyob thiab chav noj mov. Qhov kho kom zoo nkauj no ua ke limestone, du pleev xim rau phab ntsa ntub thiab cov hlau ci ntsa iab tawm hauv cov yeeb nkab. Raws li tus tswv, lub qhov cub no zoo ib yam li cov thoob dej yug ntses nrog salamandra. Listi saib ntawm saum toj no, tawm ntawm chav tsev, thiab chav nyob tau txais kev sib xws yog tias tsis muaj thoob dej yug ntses uas muaj dej hiav txwv ci ntsa iab ntoo.
Txhua thaj chaw uas tus neeg yuav khoom tau tshaj tawm ntawm nws tus kheej. Lawv muab laconic, xis thiab siab txias: ntau ntawm cov ntoo, ntau ntawm cov huab cua, qhov tsawg kawg nkaus teeb ntawm rooj tog IKEA thiab accessories.
United nyob rau hauv tag nrho chav nyob, chav ua noj chav noj mov thiab chav tsev nyob hauv cov xim ci (dawb rooj tog, chav ua mov ntoo rooj zaum, lub tsev ua mov rooj noj mov .D.. Zoo heev xaiv lub teeb uas ua rau sab hauv qee qhov sib txawv yam tsis cuam tshuam nws cov kev sib sau thiab sib txawv ntawm daim foos). Tus tswv tsev chav pw tau dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cov rooj tog tsaus nti, nruj thiab muaj kuab heev.
Txhua lub tsev ntxiv muaj nyob rau ntawm lub xaib (chav da dej me me hauv chav da dej, ua raws li kev yuav khoom Honka ib sab ntawm ib sab ntawm ob lub tsheb) tau txhawb nqa tib lub tsev. Lawv ib puag ncig phooj ywg, yooj yim thiab muaj tswv yim. IIS ntawm qhov kev sib koom tes no yog yug los ua cov duab sib raug zoo uas tag nrho cov tswv yim niaj hnub ntawm kev nplij siab, kev zoo nkauj thiab ib tus neeg hauv ntiaj teb no.
Cov kev xam loj ntawm cov nqi ua haujlwm thiab cov ntaub ntawv rau kev tsim kho ntawm lub tsev nrog tag nrho cheeb tsam ntawm 170m2, zoo ib yam li tus tau nthuav tawm
| Lub npe ntawm kev ua haujlwm | Units. kev pauv nyiaj | Tus naj npawb ntawm | Nqe, $ | Nqi, $ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Foundation ua haujlwm | ||||
| Siv lub axes, txheej, kev loj hlob thiab kev sib hais | m3. | 360. | kaum yim | 6480. |
| Foundation Base ntaus ntawv, waterproofing | m2. | 150. | yim | 1200. |
| Ntaus Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob Thiab Cov Feem Ntau | m3. | 53. | 60. | 3180. |
| Cov cuab yeej ntawm khaws phab ntsa, phab ntsa ntawm pob zeb | m3. | 38. | 40. | 1520. |
| Ceev faj ib nrab kev sib cais | m2. | 340. | 3. | 1020. |
| Tag nrho | 13400. | |||
| Cov ntaub ntawv thov rau ntu | ||||
| Yooj Yim | m3. | 53. | 62. | 3286. |
| Thaiv ntawm phab ntsa ntawm cov hauv paus ntawm pob tawb | PC. | 93. | kaum cuaj | 1767. |
| Crushed pob zeb granite, xuab zeb | m3. | 43. | 28. | 1204. |
| Bituminous polymer mastic, hydrohotelloisol | m2. | 340. | 3. | 1020. |
| Armature, daws Masonry thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv | chaw ua yeeb yam | ib | 1140. | 1140. |
| Tag nrho | 8420. | |||
| Phab ntsa, partitionions | ||||
| Txee phab ntsa los ntawm cov cav, Terraces, Veranda, cov visors | m3. | 42. | 80. | 3360. |
| Rhuab phab ntsa rau tws ntsa | m2. | 170. | 12 | 2040. |
| Tag nrho | 5400. | |||
| Cov ntaub ntawv thov rau ntu | ||||
| Ntoo HOLKA. | m3. | 53. | . | 21200. |
| Fasteners thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv | chaw ua yeeb yam | ib | 540. | 540. |
| Tag nrho | 21740. | |||
| Rooting Dais | ||||
| Txhim Kho Ntawm Cov Qauv Trim Thiab Skate Shield | m2. | 210. | 12 | 2520. |
| Bituminous pobzeb txheej nrog parizolation | m2. | 210. | 13 | 2730. |
| Txhim kho cov dej ntws | RM. M. | 47. | kaum rau | 752. |
| Tag nrho | 6000. | |||
| Cov ntaub ntawv thov rau ntu | ||||
| Vov tsev Lemminkainen. | m2. | 210. | 12 | 2520. |
| Ntoo ntawm edged Honka. | m3. | 12 | . | 4800. |
| Chav, cua thiab dej ua yeeb yaj kiab | m2. | 210. | 2. | 420. |
| Si dej | chaw ua yeeb yam | ib | 1160. | 1160. |
| Tag nrho | 8900. | |||
| Sov Tawm | ||||
| Rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov txheej txheem thiab overlaps rwb thaiv tsev | m2. | 210. | 2. | 420. |
| Filling Qhib Qhov Rooj Thiab Qhov Rooj Thaiv | m2. | 76. | 35. | 2660. |
| Tag nrho | 3080. | |||
| Cov ntaub ntawv thov rau ntu | ||||
| Khoom muag pob averal quav | m2. | 210. | 3. | 630. |
| Ntoo qhov rai blocks holka (ob-chamber iav) | m2. | peb caug | 270. | 8100. |
| Cov qhov rooj ntoo thaiv honka | PC. | 12 | - | 2900. |
| Tag nrho | 11630. | |||
| Engineering Systems | ||||
| Aconomous Dej Khoom Siv Ntaus (Zoo) | chaw ua yeeb yam | ib | - | 2270. |
| Installation ntawm cov lim dej system (septic) | chaw ua yeeb yam | ib | - | 3320. |
| Cov Hluav Taws Xob Cov Hluav Taws | chaw ua yeeb yam | ib | - | 2700. |
| Cov kav dej thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob | chaw ua yeeb yam | ib | - | 4500. |
| Tag nrho | 12790. | |||
| Cov ntaub ntawv thov rau ntu | ||||
| Sudtik onor | chaw ua yeeb yam | ib | - | 6800. |
| Qhov cub supra. | chaw ua yeeb yam | ib | - | 2800. |
| DE-VI Pem Teb Cov Cua Sov Rau Cua Sov | chaw ua yeeb yam | ib | - | 470. |
| Harvan Cub | chaw ua yeeb yam | ib | - | 550. |
| Dej Kho Mob (Russia) | chaw ua yeeb yam | ib | - | 430. |
| Yuam kev cua tshuab (Russia) | chaw ua yeeb yam | ib | - | 2600. |
| Cov kav dej thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob | chaw ua yeeb yam | ib | - | 7300. |
| Tag nrho | 20950. | |||
| XOV UA HAUJ LWM UA HAUJ LWM | ||||
| Qab nthab line nrog cladding, clamping ntawm qhov chaw ntawm glk, ntaus ntawv ntawm cov board tsho tiv no | m2. | 670. | kaum ib | 7370. |
| Nrhiav cov chaw nrog cov vuas luaj ceramic, pob zeb | m2. | 98. | kaum rau | 1568. |
| Sib dhos ua taw ntaiv nrog tus ntsia hlau thiab platform, joinery | chaw ua yeeb yam | - | - | 5600. |
| Painting Ua Haujlwm | chaw ua yeeb yam | - | - | 4900. |
| Tag nrho | 19430. | |||
| Cov ntaub ntawv thov rau ntu | ||||
| Flooring Cam, Holka Meem Hauv | chaw ua yeeb yam | - | - | 12400. |
| Hniav Pob Zeb, Ceramic Pobzeb, Staircase, Glk, Varnishes, Xim, Sib tov kom qhuav thiab sib xyaw kom qhuav thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv | chaw ua yeeb yam | - | - | 11900. |
| Tag nrho | 24300. | |||
| Tag Nrho Cov Nqi Ua Haujlwm | 60500. | |||
| Tag Nrho Cov Ntaub Ntawv Ntawm Cov Ntaub Ntawv | 96000. | |||
| Tag nrho | 156130. |
