Kev tsim kho thev naus laus zis ntawm ib lub tsev ntawm 342 m2 los ntawm ua npuas ncauj ua npuas ncauj, sib txuas ua ke zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov ntaub ntawv xws li xaum, pob zeb.
Cib, qhob thiab cov ntaub ntawv zoo kawg hauv tsev hauv Russia. Tam sim no cov ua npuas ncauj ua ke, ua kom sib txuas cov khoom zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov ntaub ntawv no hauv nws tus kheej, yog tam sim no ua qhov chaw muaj zog zuj zus.
Xav txog cov kev tsim tawm thev naus laus zis los ntawm cov ua npuas ncauj ua ke ntawm cov piv txwv ntawm lub tsev raws li tus qauv txheej txheem "Babylon" (Russia). Ib lub tsev me ob-storey nyob rau hauv Moscow cheeb tsam Alexin tau tsa ib tug neeg ua yeeb yaj kiab ntawm yim tus neeg. Feem ntau, kev tsim kho ntawm lub tsev ntawm lub tsev (los ntawm kev khawb lub hauv paus rau lub hauv paus ua ntej lub teeb tsa ntawm lub tsev vov tsev, tab sis qhov no nws siv sijhawm ntev dua.
Kev tsim kho ntawm ua npuas ncauj ua thaum xub thawj siab ib muag, tab sis cov qauv tshwj xeeb ntawm cov ua npuas ncauj pob zeb ua cov cim rau qee cov neeg siv cov tshuab ntawm cov phab ntsa. Txhawm rau nrog lawv, koj yuav tsum tau paub meej nyob rau hauv kev nthuav dav nrog lub cellular concretes thiab lawv noj dab tsi nrog lawv.
Vim li cas thiaj li xaiv ua npuas ncauj
Lub cell ua yog ntau yam teeb qhob cij (qhov ntom ntawm tsawg dua 1800kg / m3) nrog tusyees faib nrog txoj kab sib chaws ntawm 0.5-2 hli. Rau zus tau los ntawm cov qhob ntawm hom no, tib qho kev siv los ua cov khoom siv sib xyaw (Maas, Quartz xuab zeb ntxiv, uas tuaj yeem ua cov tshuaj sib txawv (piv txwv li, txhuas hmoov).Thaum ntxiv ib qho kev ua yeeb yam pore poreator, ib qho kev tawm tsam nrog kev sib cais ntawm cov roj, uas yog vim li cas cov sib tov yuav tsum tau ntxeem tau - vim li cas, lub pob zeb cellular aerated tau tsim. Yog tias cov ua npuas ncauj tshwj xeeb yog ntxiv, tom qab ntawd ua npuas ncauj tsim cov tshuab ua npuas ncauj. Kev npaj cov hau kev no tau hliv rau hauv cov ntawv ntawm loj loj, thiab thaum nws yuav khov, txiav mus rau hauv cov block.
Cov qauv ntxig ntawm kev txiav txim siab cellular txiav txim siab lawv cov khoom. Vim tias huab cua, hauv lub qhov hws, hauv nws tus kheej yog ib qho zoo thermal insulator, phab ntsa ua kom zoo ib yam li kev ua pob cua sov ntawm thaj chaw ua haujlwm kub ntawm 1.7 m. Qhov siab txhais tau tias cov phab ntsa ntawd tsis xav tau ntxiv rwb thaiv tsev. Suab rwb thaiv tsev cov ntsiab lus qhia nyob rau hauv cellular qhob yog li 10 npaug tshaj li ntawm lub cib. Rau hluav taws tsis kam, cov cuab yeej ntawm kev ua kom muaj peev xwm nqa - hom pob zeb no kuj yuav siv cov haujlwm ntau dua li av ci.
Raws li koj paub, cib ntsa hauv hluav taws yog ploj thiab rhuav tshem. Lub cev qhob thiab lub zog tsis poob - thaum rov kho dua lub tsev, rov ua qauv ntoo, ru tsev thiab yeej lub plasters. (Rau kev siv: thaum kuaj, cov qauv nrog ib qho tuab ntawm 1cm walland qhov kub ntawm 800c rau 2h yam tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj.)
Raws li vapor permeability, muaj peev xwm hla ntawm cov huab cua, yog li nws yooj yim ua pa hauv lawv lub tsev, thiab cov microclimate yog ze rau microclimate ntawm a ntoo tsev. Qhov siv IPLUS rau cov khoom ntawd tsim los ntawm cov khoom ntxhia nyoos cov ntaub ntawv tsis rot, tsis kub thiab tsis ntswj hauv dej, cov peev txheej ntau dua los ntawm tsob ntoo.
Ib qho thaiv ntawm cov qauv qhov ntau thiab tsawg (403025cm) hloov lub masonry ntawm 15 tus qauv cib (25126.5 cm), uas txo tau lub zog ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab nrawm los ntawm kwv yees li plaub zaug. Qhov me me ntawm cov khoom (yuav yog 600kg / m3, uas yog peb zaug tsawg dua li ntawm lub cib) tso cai rau koj kom txo tus nqi thauj khoom thiab cov nqi teeb thauj khoom.
Cov qauv ntxig ntawm cov cellular pob zeb ua kom yooj yim kho lawv cov kev ua lag luam. Siv tau cov kev npau suav los ntawm cov pob zeb ua kom zoo ib yam lossis cov thwv cib, cov nruj, ua kom zoo, ua kom yooj yim rau kev tsim kho phab ntsa, tso cov kev sib txuas lus thiab sab hauv. Avtom fastening rau cellular pob zeb nplaum thav duab, lub thawv rooj thiab lwm yam khoom thiab txhua yam ntxiv rau cov ntsia hlau tsis muab txoj kev sib txuas tau zoo. Nws raug nquahu kom siv cov dowels tshwj xeeb nrog lub ntsej muag loj. Cov dowels zoo sib xws yuav tsum tau siv thaum txhim kho nkhaus (piv txwv li, rau cov rooj tog mounted thiab thev naus laus zis).
Nws yuav tsum pom tias kev siv ntau yam hws nyob hauv kev tsim cov cell qhob muab ntau yam khoom ntawm cov khoom siv tau. Aerated qhob yog qhov tseem ceeb los ntawm kev ua porosity thiab roj porcosability (hauv lwm lo lus, lub pores nyob rau hauv nws cov tuab ua los ntawm "txav"). Ua npuas ncauj ua npuas ncauj nqus lub atmospheric noo noo, raws li nws cov hws raug kaw (cais los ntawm txhua lwm). Ua tsaug rau cov cuab yeej no, nws tau thov kom dav dua li kev ua vaj tse.
Vim tias lub cellular qhob nqus dej noo, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los tiv thaiv sab nraud ntawm phab ntsa los ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov cua nab kuab.
Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no yuav tsum tau ua kom tsis txhob txo cov vapor permeability ntawm cov qauv. Xuas nrig ntaus ntawm cov kev tiv thaiv no tuaj yeem siv vapor-permeable plaster (ua raws los ntawm txheej "breading" facade pleev xim) lossis cladding nrog cib, siding. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los muab qhov sib txawv cua ntawm phab ntsa thiab ntsej muag. Yog tias koj tsis kam nws, ces lub ncu tawm ntawm lub cev qhob, tsis muaj txoj hauv kev mus sab nraud, yuav pib ua kom muaj qhov tseeb ntawm cov phab ntsa, uas thaum khov kho Cov. Cov chaw ntawm cov phab ntsa ntawm chav nrog cov av noo (chav dej) kuj yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv noo noo-hauv lawv cov vuas luaj ceramic.
Raws li rau tus nqi sab ntawm cov lus nug, tom qab ntawd 1m3 ua npuas ncauj pob zeb ua cov nqi nrog qhov loj ntawm 403025cm nqi kwv yees li $ 70 (los ntawm tus nqi no koj tuaj yeem ntxiv txog 4 m phab ntsa). Tib tus nqi ntawm cov qauv Ceramic Ceramic M-125 yuav raug nqi kwv yees li $ 100 (qhov no yog 2 m2 phab ntsa hauv ob lub cib).
Piv sib piv ntawm cov khoom ntawm cov ua npuas ncauj ua ke thiab ceramic cib
| Tsev | Khoom | |
|---|---|---|
| Cleamic cib | Ua Npuas Ua Npuas | |
| Ntom ntom, kg / m3 | 1700. | 600. |
| Thermal conductivity coefficient, w / (mc) | 0.81. | 0.14. |
| Kom muaj nuj nqis hauv 1m3, PCs. | 513. | 34. |
Xauv Cov Blocks
Txhawm rau txiav cov khov loj loj ntawm cellular qhob rau blocks, cov nroj tsuag hauv tsev siv cov khoom sib txawv. Nws yog nws qhov zoo uas cuam tshuam qhov tseeb ntawm cov duab ntsuas ntawm cov laj kab. Cov khoom muaj teeb meem loj hloov (3 hli los yog ntau tshaj) raug nteg thaum lub sij hawm siv nyob rau hauv ib tug tuab txheej (10-12mm) ntawm lub MAAs-xuab zeb tov, uas tso cai rau koj kom txawm peem rau lub curvature. Block nrog kev sib txawv ntawm qhov ntev (1 hli) tuaj yeem tso rau "kua nplaum" (tshwj xeeb adhesive masonry rau ntawm tes qhob; muaj nyob hauv cov dej sib tov zoo; Rog nqaws ua los ntawm MAAs-zeb dlaws muaj ib tug ntau dua thermal conductivity tshaj ib tug cellular ua vaj tse, thiab ua si lub luag hauj lwm ntawm "khaub thuas choj". Saib kev siv cov "kua nplaum" ntawm cov nqaws hauv Masonry tau txais thinner (1-2mm tawm tsam 10-12mm ib qho kev daws teeb meem). Xws li ib tug phab ntsa yog yuav luag homogeneous, uas yog, nws yog yus muaj los ntawm tsawg heev losses ntawm tshav kub-saving thaj chaw ntawm cellular qhob rau lub nqaws.Masonry ntawm "kua nplaum" muaj qhov txiaj ntsig kev lag luam kom zoo. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, 1kg "cov kua nplaum" yog kim kim dua 1 kg daws, tiam sis nrog ib tug me me leeg thickness rau ntawm qhov masonry muaj yog ib tug ho me me volume ntawm cov khoom ( "cov kua nplaum"). Cov nqi vitog yog tau los ntawm qhov nruab nrab ntawm 30% qis dua thaum siv cov cement-sand cug. Tab sis ib zaug ntxiv peb rov ua dua: installation ntawm "kua nplaum" piv rau cov kev thaiv nrog qhov ntev ntawm cov loj ntawm cov loj ntawm cov loj ntawm 1mm!
Tam sim no rau kev tsim cov ua npuas ncauj ua npuas cov khoom siv, cov khoom siv zoo dua yog pom tias feem ntau ua npuas ncauj ua npuas dej ", russia lub tsev", Russia). Nws tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob tias "kua nplaum" yog feem ntau mounted ua npuas. Ntawm chav kawm, muaj cov pob zeb ua rau muaj qhov tseeb, tab sis nws nyuaj nrhiav lawv ntawm kev ua lag luam.
Zoo, tam sim no, pob khaus hauv peculiarities ntawm ua npuas ncauj ua npuas ncauj ua npuas, peb tig ncaj qha rau kev tsim kho.
"Tseem" ua haujlwm
Lub phiaj xwm rub tawm kev tsim kho ntawm kev sib sau ntawm Ribbon Foundation ntawm ib cov monolithic txhawb cov phaj pob zeb monolithic.
Monolithic phaj. Tom qab muab tso rau ntawm lub chaw tsim kho ntawm qhov chaw nyob hauv qab lub hauv paus ntawm qhov chaw tau raug tshem tawm cov txheej zaub ntawm cov av (rau cov toj roob hauv pes ua haujlwm). Tom qab ntawd, nrog kev pab ntawm excavator, lawv rub ib qhov tob ntawm 1.7 m thiab thaum kawg manually leved nws hauv qab thiab phab ntsa. Tshaj tawm av tau noj ib nrab coj ib feem, ib nrab sab laug ntawm lub xaib kom siv rau cov backfill ntawm lub hauv paus tiav.
Kev npaj ntawm lub hauv paus hauv qab kev txhawb nqa monolithic slab pib hauv qab ntawm cov xuab zeb nrog kwv yees li 20cm nrog ib lub tswv yim ib txhij (xuab zeb hauv ncoo). Cov theem tom ntej ntawm kev npaj yog nchuav dua cov xuab zeb hauv ncoo ntawm lub hom M100 pob zeb hauv ncoo txog 15 cm. Txhawm rau kom zam dhau kev tsim ntawm kev tsis ncaj ncees, cov qhob ntawm lub pouring tau meej raws li tag nrho cov chaw siv cov ntawv ntsia. Tom qab ntawd, rau ob hnub, qhob tau muab rau harden, tom qab uas peb txheej ntawm bitumen mastic thiab ob txheej ntawm cov khoom siv dej "Tehnakeeft" ("Technonikol", Lavxias). Tom qab ib hnub, thaum qaug dej "qhuav", pib tsim cov formwork los tsim cov phaj uas muaj zog nrog lub tuab ntawm 30cm. Lub Barcask tau nteg nrog lub vas nthiv los ntawm A-III txhawb nrog lub cheeb ntawm 12 hli thiab tom qab uas lawv tau tawm mus ob hnub rau tawv tawv.
Thaiv lub hauv paus. Lub hauv paus units ntawm FBBS (4060120CM) tau mounted siv ib lub tsheb crane, thiab txhua lwm yam tau nrawm nrog cov ceg tawv xis (plaub kab ntawm cov block tau nteg tawm). Yav dhau los cov trenches rau kev xa mus rau lub tsev ntawm dej raj dej thiab dej phwj. Thaum pw ntawm lub hauv paus phaj ntawm cov blocks ntawm qis dua kab nruab nrab ntawm lawv, muaj cov duab sib dhos rau cov kav dej tsim nyog. Kev tiv thaiv ntawm kev tiv thaiv tawm tsam cov av noo noo ntawm phab ntsa ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm lub hauv paus tau npog sab nraud ob txheej ntawm bitumen mastic. Tom qab hais tias, raws cov kab rov tav saum npoo ntawm lub hauv paus, lub ntsej muag waterproofing "Technoelast" tau tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj hauv av los ntawm lub hauv paus mus rau cov kabmob ua npuas ncauj phab ntsa). Tom qab ntawd muaj ob peb kab ntawm masonry dav hauv ob lub cib nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm nws (nrog block). Qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm hauv qab daus yog 2.5m.
Av sib tshooj. Thaum kev pw ua tau qhuav, panels tau pw nrog xws li kev xam ntawm lawv cov platform txhawb nqa ntau thiab ib nrab ntawm lub cib, tab sis kuj tsis tsawg dua li tus pollipich. Hollow panels ntawm cov plag tsev tau fucked siv tus autocran ntawm ib txheej ntawm cov kev daws teeb meem tshiab. Qhov xaus ntawm cov paib tau tsim nyog rau ntawm "qhov puab sib txuas". Cov nqaws ntawm cov vaj huam sib luag tau muaj nrog cov cement cug nrog grout ntawm seams los ntawm sab qab nthab. Tom qab ntawd, nyob ib puag ncig ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm lub hauv paus, qhov xaus thiab sab ob sab ntawm cov phiaj tau kaw nrog tag nrho cov cib ntawm cov cib tso rau saum npoo ntawm cov vaj huam sib luag).
Kev qhib ntawm 200mmm nrog cov cua sov, dej muab khoom, dej phwj thiab roj yeeb raug khawb hauv qab daus sib tshooj. Tau ua tiav cov haujlwm no, pib tsim phab ntsa hauv tsev.
Thaiv tom lub block ...
Ua haujlwm ntawm kev tsim kho phab ntsa pib nrog Masonry mus rau kev daws teeb meem ntawm cov tuab ntawm cov zaus. Cov khoom rau qhov no yog qhov txojkev cib "Fagot" nyob rau hauv loj 25126,5 cm (Hoobkas "Fagot", Ukraine). Cov txheej txheem pib nrog cov ces kaum ntawm lub tsev, tso lub cib nrog kev hnav khaub ncaws. Cov kab rov tav ntawm cov kab thiab kev ntsug ntawm phab ntsa tswj qib, Qaum thiab Plumb.Txhawm rau kom muaj qhov cua ntawm cov phab ntsa, muaj qhov khoob ntawm 10-12mm dav ntawm qhov xaus ntawm qee qhov cib. Ua rau lawv nyob rau hauv thawj kab ntawm masonry (hauv qab ntawm phab ntsa) thiab ntawm lub carnis ntawm lub tsev. Ib tug xov tooj ntawm plaub "cov khoom" yog muab los ntawm kab, ib kauj ruam ntawm lawv tsis muaj ntau tshaj 4m.
Tso ib cladding ntawm 500mm nyob ib puag ncig ntawm ib puag ncig ntawm lub tsev, ua mus rau Masonry ntawm cov phab ntsa sab hauv thiab sab nraud. Lawv cov tuab yog 300 hli, khoom siv ua npuas ncauj. Tau pib los ntawm cov ces kaum ntawm lub tsev, thim rov qab los ntawm kev ntsib cov qib ntawm li 70mm (cua clearance). Thawj kab ntawm ua npuas ncauj ua cov pob zeb ua tau muab tso rau ntawm kev daws. Cov koob no yuav tsum tau nyob kom sai li sai tau, txij li cov chav nyob ntawm ob thiab tom qab yog nyob rau ntawm kev daws, tab sis ntawm "kua nplaum" (lub thickness ntawm seam yog li 1 mm). Txoj kev daws teeb meem tso cai rau koj kom them rau qhov yuam kev ntawm kev tso cov nplais ntawm cov plag tsev thiab thawj kab ntawm cov block.
Rau kev teeb tsa ntawm ob thiab tom qab kab, "kua nplaum" tau siv raws li kev sib xyaw kom qhuav "Yunis-2000", kaw nrog dej. Qhov kev daws teeb meem tau npaj tam sim ntawd ua ntej siv siv cov tov khoom. Ib lub hnab ntim qhuav (25kg, tus nqi yog li 120 rubles) tau noj rau 3 teev kev ua haujlwm tas mus li, thiab nws txaus rau li 100 block.
Lub sijhawm yav tsaus ntuj tsim cov cladding thiab cov cab hlau yuav hloov pauv tau mounted nrog 0.5 m, thiab tom qab ntawd cov kabmob cuam tshuam tau nce ib puag ncig ntawm masonry. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, lub hauv kabmob ua npuas ncauj qhob phab ntsa nrog ib tug tuab ntawm 300 hli tau tsa, uas ensured ib tug hnav khaub ncaws nrog cov txheej phab ntsa. Rau trimming blocks siv ob-tes pom. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias cov phab ntsa ntawm ua npuas ncauj ua npuas cov pob zeb ua kom ua raws li cov kev yuav tsum tau hloov hluav taws xob rau R0 = 4M2C / W.
Ib ntawm cov kabmob sab hauv ntawm lub tsev tau tsim tsa los ntawm cov cua Ceramic ntawm kev dim pa ntawm qhov cua thiab cov pa taws kev tshem tawm, nrog rau kev sib txuas lus cov kav sib txuas lus. Cov phab ntsa no txhawb cov phiaj xwm txhua rau kab ntawm cib. Cov kab uas tsim lub qhov rooj lossis lub qhov rai qhib pib nrog kaum cov thaiv, tom qab ntawd muab cov blocks los ntawm kev qhib lawv tus kheej. Nws tau ua tiav rau cov blocks shortened tau nyob tsis nyob ntawm ntug, tab sis nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm ib tug kab. Ntsib cov cib nyob hauv qab ntawm lub qhov rai qhib tau khaws cia kom zoo li kom txav qhov sib txawv ntawm cov cab kuj thiab ntsib phab ntsa (Tychanical masonry). Qhov rai thiab lub qhov rooj dhia tau pov los ntawm cov pob zeb txuas ntxiv hauv cov formwork ncaj qha rau ntawm phab ntsa. Qhov ntev ntawm cov xaib xaib ntawm ob sab ntawm jumper yog 150 hli. Qhov siab ntawm cov neeg dhia dhia nrog qhov siab ntawm qhov thaiv.
Tom qab txhua txhua xya kab (uas yog, ib kab hauv nruab nrab thiab qhov kawg ntawm cov kab mob ntawm 10 hli yog nteg thiab poured nrog pob zeb ua ke M200. Qhov tshwm sim yog qhov txhawb nqa pob zeb monolithic txoj hlua siv 3016cm, uas nce cov kabmob muaj peev xwm ntawm cov phab ntsa. Txoj siv sia ntawm sab saum toj ntawm phab ntsa yog qhov tsim nyog vim tias cov panels sib tshooj tsis pom zoo kom muab cov khoom siv ncaj qha rau kev ua npuas ncauj. Tom qab ua kom tawv monolithic siv, lawv pib nce cov phiaj ntawm cov txaj, lawv tau pw, zoo li nrog cov cuab yeej ntawm lub hauv paus sib tshooj.
Qhov thib ob (Mansard) pem teb ntawm lub tsev tau ua tib yam li thawj zaug. Tsuas yog thaum lub sijhawm tsim qauv ntawm "cov ntawv sau" lub Windows es tsis txhob siv cov tub rog siv arched cov hlau profile. Tom qab cov phab ntsa yog qhuav (hauv ob hnub), cov neeg tsim vaj tsev tau pib erection ntawm Rafter tsim.
Yas ntawm lub tsev
Txij li lub qhov rais ntawm lub tsev thib ob muaj cov qauv arched thiab sab qaum kev hla lub dav hlau ntawm lub ru tsev, Mauerlat txiav txim siab los ua ib pawg. Ntu ntawm cov koog ntoo 1525cm tau nteg rau saum phab ntsa "cib xauv". Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev lwj, lawv tau impregnated nrog antiseptic muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab muab tso rau ntawm ib tus neeg khiav ntau heev.
Tom ntej no, lawv tau pib lub cuab yeej ntawm kev ceev ceev ntawm ntau-qib nthab ru tsev. Lub tsev tau tawg ua peb ntu, txhua tus uas tau ua raws li yog muaj vov tsev. Qhov no, ua ntej, ua kom tsis txhob muaj kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev sib tshooj ntawm cov neeg loj yog kwv yees li 7m), thiab thib ob, qhov qub, qhov qub, qhov qub, qhov qub, qhov qub, qhov qub, qhov qub, qhov qub, qhov qub, qhov qub, qhov qub, qhov qub, qhov qub, qhov qub, qhov qub, Qhov Tseem Ceeb Tshaj Plaws tau muab lub tsev. Lub nthab sib tshooj ntawm lub nthab pem teb yog ploj, nws cov kev thaiv tshav kub lub luag haujlwm ntawm lub ru tsev.
Nws tau pib txhim kho nws los ntawm cov cuab yeej ntawm Rafter cov qauv, uas yog qhov system ntawm dai rafters ntawm txhua yam nrog ob qho kev txhawb nqa huab (tsis muaj cov ntsiab lus nruab nrab). Rau lawv cov khoom tsim, cov kab tau siv nrog tus ntoo khaub lig Tshooj 1015cm, cia siab rau ntawm Mauerlat. Xuas nrig ntaus ntawm cov khoom vov tsev tau xaiv los ntawm cov nplais hlau. Nws cov nplaim qab yog paub tias muaj kev tiv thaiv los ntawm kev xeb. Lub hom phiaj no rau kev rafters los ntawm sab hauv ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab vapor rwb thaiv tsev cov ntaub ntawv ntawm chav (thaum kawg ntawm kev ua haujlwm teeb tsa nws tau kaw nrog cov ntaub ntawv tiav). Nruab nrab ntawm rafters, lub rwb thaiv tsev txheej ntxhia cov ntaub plaub nrog ib tuab ntawm 20cm tau nteg. Nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm lub rafter, lub anti-condensate membrane ntawm Eltete (Finland) - cov kis ntawm nws thiab lub rwb thaiv tsev yog 5 cm. Los ntawm ib sab ntsib minvat, daim nyias nyias muaj cov kab mob dyskiy, uas cov rwb thaiv tawm los ntawm cov pa tawm, thiab cov tee tsim yog heev ruaj khov ntawm pawg. Qhov no condensate yog nqa tawm los ntawm huab cua nce ntawm kev sib txawv ntawm daim nyias nyias thiab rwb thaiv tsev.
Raws li rau daim nyias nyias nws tus kheej, nws tau tsau los ntawm bruscamic, uas hu ua counccaim, uas tso cai rau koj los tsim qhov chaw pa hluav taws xob sab nraud. Kkontrobreychka twb knocked tawm lub crate (unedged boards), thiab cov hlau pobzeb twb ntsia rau nws.
Txhua yam vov tsev "Khoom noj qab zib" looks zoo ib yam li no (hauv qab up): xov-pa rwb thaiv tsev ntaub-rwb thaiv tsev (Minvata) -Nizhnye ventilated clearance-anti-condensate waterproofing zaj duab xis (membrane) - tighter ventilated clearance-hlau pobzeb. Vim muaj cov no ob khoob, sab hauv sab ntawm lub ru tsev cov ntaub ntawv uas muab tawm yuav tsum tau kiag li cais los ntawm cov teebmeem ntawm dej.
Engineering
Nyob rau hauv parallel nrog kev tsim kho ntawm lub ru tsev ntawm cov hluav taws xob ntawm cov hluav taws xob, cov cable yog cov hlau thaiv los ntawm lub tes tsho hlau. Kev tswj hwm hauv electrotaban tau ua los ntawm kev siv cov khoom noj. Recesses rau cov khoom siv hloov thiab cov kab mob ua ib laum nrog tubular tho. Tus neeg ua haujlwm hlau tau fucked hauv cov kab hlau zoo hlau ntawm cov dos quav. Tom qab ntawd cov phab ntsa tau plastered, zais ib qho teeb meem hluav taws xob. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm mounted lub boiler thiab tag nrho cov cua sov. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los ua kom ua tiav ua ntej pib ua tiav haujlwm kom thaum tso cov kav dej, nws tsis tsim nyog yuav tau zoo thiab npaj txhij rau cov phab ntsa ua tiav thiab hauv av.Lub hauv paus ntawm cov cua sov ntawm lub tsev-steel boad vittleX 100 (Viessmann, Lub teb chaws Yelemees), Roj Av thiab cov qauv digital ntawm cov kev ua haujlwm. Chav tsev nyob hauv chav kawm hauv qab daus, saib xyuas qhov tsim nyog indentation los ntawm phab ntsa (50cm). Nyob rau hauv lub qhov rais ntawm thaj chaw, Kermi vaj huam sib luag radiators (lub teb chaws yelemees) tau muab tso nrog qhov qis txuas ntawm hlau-yas xa khoom. Cov xaim ntawm cov khoom thiab tso tawm cov kav dej cua sov ua rau ntawm overlapping (lawv tau muab zais hauv qab cov qhob khi ua tiav). Tom qab lub installation tiav lawm, lub kaw lus tau muaj dej thiab nqa tawm ib qho chaw sib hais. Cov yeeb nkab dej thiab dej phwj tuaj txuas ntxiv los ntawm txoj kev loj. Kab rov tav ntawm cov hlau-yas kav dej muab thiab cov kav dej yas ntxiv ua ntej ua tiav kev ua tiav.
Ib feem ntawm cov cuab yeej siv txua ntawm lub tsev yog lub tshuab nqus tsev nyob ruaj ruaj uas muaj cov tshuab hluav taws xob muaj cov tshuab hluav taws xob nrog cov pa tshuaj nrog pneummators. Chav ntsuas hluav taws xob tau teeb tsa hauv chav tsev ntawm hauv qab daus. Txij ntawm no mus rau txhua chav ntawm lub tsev txuas cov huab cua txuas ntxiv - cov kav yas yas nrog lub cheeb ntawm 50 hli, raws li cov khib nyiab yog nqus. Kab rov tav chaw ntawm huab cua ducts, raws li hom kav dej ntawm cov cua kub thiab khoom siv dej ua haujlwm, nteg tawm overlap. Nyob rau hauv parallel nrog huab cua duced tswj cov cables, muab rau cov pneummators tso rau hauv txhua chav hauv tsev, hauv phab ntsa. (Thaum lub sijhawm ntxuav, ib qho yooj yim hose nrog lub nozzle nrog rau lawv.) Cov pa tawm ntawm cov yeeb nkab tshwj xeeb los ntawm txoj kev.
Cov roj raj xa mus rau lub tsev tau nteg rau qhov chaw kawg, tom qab ua tiav ntawm kev sib txuas lus. Cov roj av tau coj los ua ib txoj kev qhib, vim nws raug txwv los zais lawv ntawm cov qauv kev nyab xeeb.
Tom qab qhov kawg ntawm txhua txoj haujlwm ntawm kev sib txuas lus engineering, lawv tau hloov mus rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv tsev thiab kev txhim kho ntawm tsev neeg lub tsev.
Qhov kev xam loj ntawm cov nqi ua haujlwm thiab cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev tsim kho lub tsev nrog tag nrho cheeb tsam ntawm 342m2, zoo ib yam li tus tau nthuav tawm
| Lub npe ntawm kev ua haujlwm | Units. kev pauv nyiaj | Tus naj npawb ntawm | Nqe, $ | Nqi, $ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Foundation ua haujlwm | ||||
| Siv lub axes, txheej, kev loj hlob thiab kev sib hais | m3. | 130. | kaum yim | 2340. |
| Kev tsim kho ntawm cov kab xev hauv paus los ntawm cov qhob thaiv | m3. | 90. | 40. | 3600. |
| Ntaus ntawv ntawm monolithic ntaiv | m2. | 34. | 95. | 3230. |
| Kev thaiv dej tawm thiab tom qab | m2. | 420. | plaub | 1680. |
| Tag nrho | 10850. | |||
| Cov ntaub ntawv thov rau ntu | ||||
| Cov xuab zeb ua haujlwm (nrog kev xa khoom) | m3. | 35. | kaum plaub | 490. |
| Thaiv Lub Zuag | PC. | 170. | 32. | 5440. |
| Yooj Yim | m3. | yim | 62. | 496. |
| Bituminous polymer mastic, hydrohotelloisol | m2. | 420. | 3. | 1260. |
| Armature, Cov Hlau, Hlau Thiab Lwm Yam Khoom | chaw ua yeeb yam | 2930. | ||
| Tag nrho | 10620. | |||
| Phab ntsa, partitionions, sib tshooj, vov tsev | ||||
| Masonry ntawm sab nraud thiab sab hauv cov kabmob phab ntsa los ntawm cov blocks | m3. | 138. | 32. | 4416. |
| Ntaus ntawv hauv cov formwork ntawm kev siv cov qhob khi thiab cov dhia dhia | m3. | 22.4 | 58.5 | 1310. |
| Tig ntsej muag brick nrog extender | m2. | 460. | kaum yim | 8280. |
| Cov cuab yeej ntawm kev txhawb nqa cib partitions | m2. | 65. | 10 | 650. |
| Txhim Kho Cov Khoom Siv Ua Tsev | m2. | 342. | cuaj | 3078. |
| Tso daim hlau ntawm lub sam thiaj, cov visors | chaw ua yeeb yam | 1800. | ||
| Txhim kho ntawm cov qauv rafter | m2. | 320. | kaum plaub | 4480. |
| Cov cuab yeej ntawm lub calane vaporizolation | m2. | 320. | 2. | 640. |
| Txheej Hlau Txheej Txheem | m2. | 320. | 10 | 3200. |
| Txhim kho cov dej ntws | chaw ua yeeb yam | 1400. | ||
| ENDERBUTING NTAWM EAVE, SOLES, Ntaus ntawm Frontones | m2. | 45. | kaum yim | 810. |
| Kev rho tawm ntawm cov phab ntsa, cov txheej txheem thiab overlaps rwb thaiv tsev | m2. | 670. | 2. | 1340. |
| Sau cov qhib qhib los ntawm cov blocks qhov rai | m2. | 76. | 35. | 2660. |
| Tag nrho | 34060. | |||
| Cov ntaub ntawv thov rau ntu | ||||
| Thaiv los ntawm cov qhob tes ntawm tes | m3. | 138. | 64. | 8832. |
| Yooj Yim | m3. | tsib | 62. | 310. |
| Cib Creamic ntsib "fagot" | txhiab daim. | 13.6 | 600. | 8160. |
| Ceramic Ceramic Ceramic Ceramic Ceramic Ceramic Ceramic Ceramic Ceramic | txhiab daim. | 3,3. | 165. | 545. |
| Hlau Txuas Phiaj | m2. | 100 | kaum ib | 1100. |
| Masonry daws (kev xa khoom) | m3. | kaum plaub | 76. | 1064. |
| Lo Kua nplaum "Yunis-2000" (Russia), Hnab 25kg | PC. | 46. | 4,2 | 193.2. |
| Phaj ntawm ntau sib luag ntawm cov qhob | m2. | 342. | kaum rau | 5472. |
| Sis ntawm hlau, hlau hydrogen, fittings | T. | 2. | 390. | 780. |
| Nws yog xim hlau profiled | m2. | 320. | 12 | 3840. |
| Sawn ntoo | m3. | kaum cuaj | 110. | 2090. |
| Chav, cua thiab dej ua yeeb yaj kiab | m2. | 320. | 2. | 640. |
| Si dej | chaw ua yeeb yam | 1500. | ||
| Cov Nkawv Quav Rwb Thaiv Tsev | m2. | 670. | 3. | 2010. |
| Yas Qhov rai Blocks (Ob-Chamber Ob-Glazed Windows) | m2. | 76. | 260. | 19 760. |
| Tag nrho | 56300. | |||
| Tag Nrho Cov Nqi Ua Haujlwm | 44 900. | |||
| Tag Nrho Cov Ntaub Ntawv Ntawm Cov Ntaub Ntawv | 66900. | |||
| Tag nrho | 111800. |
Cov kws kho mob ua tsaug rau lub tuam txhab "Npanpiloos" kom tau kev pab hauv kev npaj cov khoom.