Attic nyob rau hauv ib lub teb chaws lub tsev - yuav ua li cas thiaj ua ib chav me me hauv qab ru tsev sov thiab xis nyob.
Nws yuav tsum muab tso ua ntej thiab kev teem caij ntawm sab hauv nthab. Lub chav pw lub qhov rais feem ntau yog Orient East, lub qhov rais ntawm chav nyob - West, lub txee qhov rai - Qaum teb
Ob-zaj dab neeg tseem tsis yog tsuas yog cov kws kho kom zoo nkauj, hauv neo-ntaiv ntawm nthab
Qhov chaw hauv qab lub ru tsev tuaj yeem haum rau ob qho chaw nyob thiab cov loggia. Tiaj tus qab nthab sov yog feem ntau mounted saum lawv.
Txoj kev pheej yig tshaj plaws ntawm kev rwb thaiv tsev hauv pem teb: Los ntawm hauv qab no, cov rwb thaiv tsev raug kaw los ntawm kev nkag los ntawm kev tso dej noo los ntawm permamin lossis polyethylene
Tom qab tso cov rwb thaiv tsev hauv kev tsim ntawm lub qab nthab hauv lub qab nthab, nws tau kaw nrog Vapor Rwb thaiv tsev thiab xaws - feem ntau "obsing". Seams ntawm cov ntaub ntawm vapor rwb thaiv tsev cov khoom yuav tsum yog daim kab xev
Thaum tsim lub tsev nrog nthab, cov tswv yim hauv chav tsev muaj chav sib txawv ntawm chav ua haujlwm, nrog ib qho chaw ua si, nrog kev ua si ua ntej nkag mus rau saum nthab. Cov phab ntsa ntawm lub nthab, cais los ntawm qhov bar, tsis tas yuav muaj nyob hauv luas
Los ntawm kev sib qhia ntawm cov phiaj xwm ntawm nthab partitions, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov chaw nyob ntawm lub qhov rais, thiab qhov siab ntawm lub qab nthab, thiab qhov chaw ntawm cov ntaiv. Ntaiv qhib laj kab qhib hauv cov tsheb ciav hlau
Cov phab ntsa ntawm lub nthab tuaj yeem raug kev tshoov siab, nrog rau tag nrho lub tsev - sab nraud, thiab cov pas nrig ntawm lub ru tsev nkaus xwb los ntawm sab hauv
Feem ntau, cov qhov rooj sib hais muaj thaj chaw glazing tsawg dua 10% thiab tsis txhob muab teeb pom kev zoo
Lub nthab tau npaj los ntawm cov neeg tsim vaj tse kom muaj rwb thaiv tsev ntxiv - lub vapor-permroe hydro thiab Windproof Mem yog tso rau ntawm Rafter. Nruab nrab ntawm rafters yuav muab tso cia cov phiaj ntawm cov rwb thaiv tsev - lawv yuav khaws cia ", kev sib txhuam
Rau cov nthab sov nyob rau hauv qhib ntawm lub sam thiaj lossis loggia, lawv tso lub qhov rooj sov thiab lub qhov rais, ntawm qhov tsawg kawg nkaus, nrog ob tog. Koj tuaj yeem nruab daim duab peb sab ze ntawm lub qhov rooj bali
Attic tsis tas yuav muaj rwb thaiv tsev ntxiv, yog tias tag nrho lub tsev siv eco yias thev naus laus zis los ntawm ncej lauj thiab cov qauv. Dersighted glazing nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no tuaj yeem yog thaj chaw loj heev
Lub qhov hluav taws kub muaj txiaj ntsig pab rau qhov siab tshaj plaws. KTEROTLOCHTPICE (RANNILA, FINLAND) xav tau nyiaj hli sab nraum zoov ntawm tib xim
Inclined mansard lub qhov rais tuaj yeem muab ntxiv nrog cov ntsiab lus ntsug nrog lub qhov rais sills. Los ntawm lawv tau pom meej meej tsis tsuas yog lub ntuj, tab sis kuj ib puag ncig ntawm lub tsev. Chav Av yuav sib dua
Ib lub siab piav qhia lub ru tsev muaj ob-theem nthab mus rau kev tsim ntawm ob-theem nthab nthab. Sab hauv teeb daim ntawv lo cim, ntsia hlau lossis ntom ntaiv
Nthab, sheathed los ntawm sab hauv los ntawm plasterboard, zoo nkaus li niaj hnub nimno
Nws tsim cov lus Fabkis uas dav dav thiab muaj kev sib hlub. Txawm nyob rau hauv XViiv. "Vim li cas ploj hauv nthab?" Francois Mansar xav thiab tsim cov ru tsev "tawg", hauv qab ntawm lub tsev, koj tuaj yeem nyob. Lub tsev nyob thiab hu ua nthab. Muaj ntau ntawm lub teeb, thiab cov kws ua yeeb yam hlub nws, nws los ze zog rau cov hnub qub - thiab cov paj huam nyiam, nws yog qhov kev pab pheej yig tshaj plaws - chaw nkaum cov neeg txom nyem. Lub nthab rau Montmartre, uas Paul-Paris tuaj yeem pom ntawm lawv lub qhov rais, tab sis lawv yog ntau heev hauv Lavxias teb sab. Tau ntev heev, txhua lub tsev nyob hauv qab ru tsev yog suav los ntawm nthab. Npub, thiab mezzanine. Muaj cov tswv yim, ntawm qhov uas muaj lub siab, tab sis tseem feem ntau ntawm lub nthab yog qhov haum rau insulating thiab muab lawv.
Kuv nthab - ah. Tsis yog ib zaj dab neeg
Nws lub qhov rais Ivy tsis zais.
Tag nrho cov laus smear
Pom ntawm lub cav ntawm rafters.
Kev Ua Si TheHophile
(Txhais ntawm Nikolai Gonileva)
Thaum twg nws?
Kev hloov pauv ntawm thaj chaw hauv qab ru tsev ntawm cov chaw nyob hauv chav nyob yog muaj txiaj ntsig heev, vim li ntawd, nrog rau qhov chaw qis, koj tuaj yeem tau txais ib qho chaw muaj txiaj ntsig ntxiv hauv tsev. Mansards yog lub caij ntuj sov (tsis yog insulated lossis tsis muaj zog insulated) lossis lub caij ntuj no (zoo insulated nyob rau xyoo-hloov chaw nyob). Yog li faring hauv pem teb sab saum toj ntawm lub tsev, koj tuaj yeem txo qhov kub ua kom sov thiab, nws txhais tau tias kom txo cov nqi cua sov. Zoo, yog tias kev tsim ntawm lub ntom nthab yog nyob hauv kev tsim kho ntawm lub tsev. Hauv qhov no, koj tuaj yeem, tshem tawm lub tsev, insulity insulate lub ru tsev ntawm lub nthab yav tom ntej. Tab sis feem ntau, thaum tsis muaj nyiaj txaus rau nws, lawv tsuas yog tuaj thiab pom kev zoo li lub nthab uas tuaj yeem ua rau sab tom qab, tsis muaj kev txi lub ru tsev. Cov kws paub txog lub tsev yuav qhia ua haujlwm hauv ob theem nrog kev so rau ib xyoo. Ua ntej, lub tsev "hauv qab ru tsev" yuav tau tsa lub ru tsev "yuav muab coj, thiab hauv ib xyoo nws yuav yog insulated thiab sib cais. Tom qab tag nrho, cov qauv txhawb nqa ntawm lub tsev tshiab, lub hauv paus thiab phab ntsa, muab ib qho kev ua kom muaj qhov tob tob thaum thawj xyoo, rub tawm ib qho kev kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv thiab sab nraud. Ivot twb tau nyob rau hauv ne-nrib pleb, curvature, khoob. Yuav luag lub ntsws tsis yog yuav ua rau shrinkage, cov txheej txheem txawb, ua rau Canadian (American) thev naus laus zis.Tsis yog txhua lub nt ...
Peb tau sau ntau dua txog cov teeb meem ntawm thermal rwb thaiv tsev, hais txog thermal rwb thaiv tsev, vov tsev, hydor rwb thaiv tsev cov ntaub ntawv siv hauv kev tsim kho (
"Thermal rwb thaiv tsev yog qhov tsim nyog txuag", "cov khaub ncaws tshiab" rau lub tsev ",
"Cov lus zais ntawm lub tsev ntsiag to",
"Qhov sov huv koj lub tsev",
"Ru tsev, vov tsev, vov tsev" pie "). Khij rau hauv lub tsev thiab npaj ua ib qho chaw nyob hauv qab tsev, nws yog txhua yam, saib xyuas kom ua lub qab nthab Nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw siab tshaj plaws yuav tsawg kawg 2.5m. Yog tias cov kab rov tav yog qhov ua tsis tau yooj yim dua, tsis muaj lub zog uas nqa tau lub ru tsev, thiab ntxig lawv nyob rau sab hauv yog kim dhau lawm. Rov qab hais tias ntu thiab qib kev suav yuav tsum tau ua, cov rafter nyob rau hauv cov nplais hlau yog 1m , ces nws yuav 80cm nyob rau hauv cov vuas loj heev. Cov cheeb tsam tseem ceeb (hais txog cov daus thiab xyoo 200kg tsis txaus txhim khu kev qha los teem ib theem thib ob, Lawv yuav tsum tau dag zog. Piv txwv li, tso cov kab ci ntsa iab ntxiv, thiab cov qauv rafter txuas txuas txuas cov hlau.
Yog tias koj tau xeeb los tsim thiab tswj cov nthab hauv ob theem, tom qab ntawd thaum kev tsim kho cov haujlwm ntawm lub vov tsev yuav tsum tau muab tso cov dej tsis muaj dej. Txwv tsis pub, tom qab lub ru tsev mounted, tsis muaj nws dismantling, lub nthab ntawm dej tsis muaj zog tsis tau hais. Los ntawm atmospheric noo noo, tus qauv muaj peev xwm txuag ob qho khoom siv pheej yig ("Izosid, thiab kimafol d", "Yutafol D", "Yutafol D", "Yutafol D", "Yutafol D", " "Yutakon", Ursa Seco 1000, Tyvek). Lawv tau tsau rau cov ceg ntoo nrog ib tuab ntawm tsawg kawg 50mm. Yog li, tom qab mounting lub ru tsev nruab nrab ntawm nws thiab waterproofing, muaj kev verilated cantance yog tsim. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account uas cov khoom siv pheej yig yog countertalized thiab yuav tiv thaiv kom muaj rhaub dej tawm ntawm lub rwb thaiv tsev. Yog li nws yuav tsim nyog los tsim kom muaj lwm qhov cua ntawm waterproofing thiab rwb thaiv tsev, zoo li yog tias koj tau siv los ntawm ib tug ntau kim broaspooof zaj duab xis Ursa Seco Cua daj lossis Yutafol N. Yog hais tias cov underpants waterproofing tau ua kev sib tw, nrog cua daj cua dub, yav tom ntej lub nthab tuaj yeem hloov dua siab, tab sis kuj mus rau hauv lub nthab nthe. Yog tias cov dej tsis tau siv tsis tau siv (piv txwv li, cov nplais hais ncaj qha rau cov crate) - qhov no phem dua, txawm tias tseem muaj. Tom qab ntawd, thiaj li tsis txhob rho tawm lub ru tsev, koj tsuas tuaj yeem mus ib txoj kev: muab cov yeeb yaj kiab tiv thaiv sab hauv, kaw cov yeeb yaj kiab ntawm hauv qab no thiab ua kom deb ntawm 50 hli los ntawm crate. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws yog qhov tseeb hais tias "muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm - lub dav hlau sab sauv ntawm rafted thiab cov cua ntsawj ntshab tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov dej noo. Lawv yuav raug cua yog nthwv dej laim ntoom, thiab overheat yog tias nws cov khoom tiaj tus tuaj txog kom zoo.
Tawm, thaum twg thaum rwb thaiv tsev, dismantle lub ru tsev dhau ntawm nthab tsis tau, nws yuav tsum tau ua thaum xub thawj kev yooj yim (piv txwv li hloov ntawm lub ru tsev zoo dua). Thiab ntawm no, nws tsis tas yuav muab cov crate crate kom cia siab underwater waterproofing. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nco ntsoov tias cov dej tsis tau tso tawm ntawm cov cua ntsawj ntsws yuav tsum tsis txhob kaw ntawm lub caij nplooj zeeg cua kom dim ntawm nws. Lub ru tsev viav vias yuav tsum tau nqa tawm los ntawm txoj kev txiav hla, los ntawm cov pob kws mus rau skit, dhau ntawm txheej huab cua. Hauv kev coj ua, muab txoj kab sib ceeb tseem ceeb ntawm huab cua hauv cov qauv huab cua, uas muaj tsawg kawg yog 40-50 hli "(ob qho tib si ntawm cov dej tsis muaj zog thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv Lub ru tsev thiab nruab nrab ntawm cov rwb thaiv tsev thiab saum npoo ntawm waterproofing).
Xuas nrig ntaus ntawm cov crates tuaj yeem siv thiaj li hu ua entilated khiav. Qhov kub-dip galvanized profile (altitude yog 32mm, dav - 45-50mm) muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub sij hawm 2, 4 thiab 6m. Daim ntawv profile ua rau nws muaj zog txaus, thiab perforation txhim kho cov nyhuv ua pa tawm, uas yog lub ntsej muag, yog tias muaj kev tso pa tawm).
Cov ib txwm nyob ntawm cov chaw rwb thaiv tsev ntawm lub kaw nthab nthab xws li:
Pem hauv ntej;
Ntsug thaj chaw ntawm cov phab ntsa qis ntawm lub nthab (txog li 1.2 m), yog tias muaj phab ntsa;
Kab rov tav chaw ntawm nthab sib tshooj;
Inclined qhov chaw rov qab ua bias ntawm lub ru tsev.
Ua ntej pib lub rwb thaiv tsev ntawm lub nthab, ua tib zoo mloog rau cov qauv sab hauv. Yog tias tsim nyog, lawv yuav tsum tau dag zog thiab txawm tias ntxiv. Piv txwv li, cov kauj ruam ntawm inclining muab ntim-rafter tuaj yeem yog qhov ntau heev uas nws tsis suav txog ib qho ntawm cov rulationing slabs. Tom qab ntawd nws yuav tsum tau muab ntawm cov rafters ntawm cov tuav ntawm lub moj khaum ntxiv. Ua raws li kev tsim kho lub ru tsev tsim thaum lub sijhawm tsim kho thaum lub sijhawm tsim kho, qhov chaw twg muaj tsis muaj kab rov tav thiab ntsug racks, koj yuav tsum tau ntxiv ib lossis lwm yam. Piv txwv li, yog tias tsis muaj screeds, tab sis nws tau npaj ua kom rov qab qab nthab, raws li txoj cai, ntxiv dag zog rau cov kab rau nws txoj kev tso. Yog tias tsis muaj racks, tab sis nws yog npaj los tsim cov phab ntsa ntsug ntawm lub nthab, tsim lub thav duab thiab rau lawv. Lub hauv paus ntawm ncej phab ntsa yog ob lub tsheb ntev (ntoo), ib qho ntawm muab tso rau ntawm kab teeb ntawm overlapping, thiab qhov thib ob yog tsau rau cov rafters. Katim crossbars thiab koom nrog racks ntawm phab ntsa ntawm phab ntsa (thiab cov thav duab ntawm cov partitions tsim 5050mm los ntawm bars ntsug). Hauv qhov no, qhov chaw nyob ntawm cov laug cam "hauv ob sab phlu" tsuas yog rov tav xwb. Lawv tab tom tsau cov ntsia hlau galvanized. Cov theem kawg yog kev ua cov ntawv nyeem tinting.
Ib qho kev xaiv yooj yim yooj yim yog ua tau, tsis muaj kev tsim kho phab ntsa thiab qab nthab. Tom qab ntawd nws tsuas yog tso nyiaj rau cov pem hauv ntej, hauv pem teb thiab pas nrig ntawm lub ru tsev.
Lub suab insulated ntawm lub nthab muaj ob peb txheej. Tus qauv ntawm "ncuav mog qab zib" hauv cov hauv paus ntsiab lus zoo li no:
Carrier siv - raftered.
Ntawm Rafylaxhenet thiab vov tsev (nrog underpot waterproofing thiab underpants).
Nruab nrab ntawm rafters, ntawm qee qhov deb ntawm crate, yog cov rwb thaiv tsev, uas yog ib nrab siab dua ntawm cov rwb thaiv tsev - ib qho kev tiv thaiv zoo nkauj ntawm lub ru tsev ntawm cov hlau lossis ondulin).
Nyob rau hauv rwb thaiv tsev, ze rau nws - steamproofing (zaj duab xis uas tsis kis cov khub los ntawm hauv qab hauv lub rwb thaiv tsev). Nws tau nias los ntawm cov crates sab hauv, uas yog ntsia rau cov rafters.
Ua tiav "Pie" Mansard cov khoom siv ua tiav (Osserving). Yog tias nyob rau hauv lub trim, ntawm lub rwb thaiv tsev, es tsis muaj cov khoom siv vapor thaiv, muaj cov khoom siv ua tiav yog tsau ntawm qhov chaw luv (2-5 cm) los ntawm cov ntawv nyiaj.
"Sov ncuav qab zib"
Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv tsis muaj ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tsis nco qab txog kev ua yeeb yam tshwm sim. Tseeb, nyob rau hauv lub caij txias, noo noo los ntawm huab cua sov sab hauv chav tsev nce thiab muab rau cov khoom txias ntawm cov qauv (ua ntej ntawm txhua yam, ru tsev). Qhov tshwm sim yog tsim condensate. Uas yog txias ntawm txoj kev, qhov tseeb ntawm cov nyhuv muaj zog dua. Cov condensate kuj yuav tig tawm heev uas cov dej noo yuav raug tshem mus rau hauv chav tsev, uas yuav zoo ib yam li lub ru tsev. Lub caij ntuj no lub caij ntuj no, ua kom haum, uas tau sib sau ua ke ntawm cov qauv ntawm lub rafter, hauv rwb thaiv tsev thiab sab hauv, puv rau hauv dej khov. Kuv puas yuav tsum tau hais tias cov rwb thaiv tsev uas ntub yog qhov phem dua li tuav cov cua sov, thiab lub qhov rooj ntub dej yog them nrog cov pwm thiab pwm? Los ntawm txoj kev, lawv tsis yog qhov tsis zoo rau kev pib ua haujlwm nrog antiseptic muaj pes tsawg leeg (piv txwv li, Pinotex, "SEZHEZH" IDR).Yog li cov teeb meem tseem ceeb tsis yog tsuas yog teeb tsa ntawm lub rwb thaiv tsev nws tus kheej, tab sis kuj:
Sib ntaus sib tua mus rau hauv rwb thaiv rwb thaiv tsev ntawm dej vapor, uas muaj nyob hauv huab cua sab hauv;
Tshem tawm los ntawm rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov vapors uas tseem tau nkag mus rau nws;
Kev sib ntaus hauv cov rwb thaiv tsev ntawm noo noo sab nraud (stiffening nyob rau hauv lub ru tsev ntawm lub ru tsev ntawm lub ru tsev ntawm condensate drouple ntws rov qab mus rau hauv rwb thaiv tsev);
Kev tiv thaiv cov rwb thaiv tsev los ntawm cua, uas tshuab cua sov, hauv nws tau ntau dua (qhov no tseem ceeb rau "fluffy" ntxhia rwb thaiv tsev nrog ib tug fibrous qauv qauv).
Txhawm rau daws cov teeb meem no, chav dej, hydro, windproof txheej yog siv. "Parobarrier" (piv txwv li, ib lub teeb thaiv kev ua yeeb yaj kiab Ursa Seco ARO ntawm chav tsev, thiab cov twb tau hais txog hydro thiab windproof yog tsau nyob rau hauv xws li txoj kev uas nws yuav yog hla rwb thaiv tsev - nruab nrab ntawm nws thiab lub ru tsev. Cov khoom siv dej uas tiv thaiv cov rwb thaiv tsev los ntawm cov dej los ntawm cov dej sab nraud thiab tsis cuam tshuam nrog kev ua dej hiav txwv - cov no yog cov yeeb yaj kiab. Ntawm lawv tuaj yeem hu ua cov khoom xws li monarflex (Monarflex, DuFark), YutaFol), YutaFol D110 (Juta, Czech koom pheej). Ib txhia ntawm lawv yuav tsum muaj qee qhov chaw nyob thaum txhim kho.
Nco ntsoov tias cov thermal rwb thaiv tsev cov khoom tiv thaiv tsis yog tsuas yog los ntawm tus mob khaub thuas, tab sis kuj los ntawm tshav kub kub. Los ntawm kev rhaub kom sov, huab cua yog cua sov heev. Yog li, ntawm cov tsis muaj zog saum nthab ntawm lub caij ntuj sov hnub yog kub thiab txhaws, tshwj xeeb yog nyob hauv tsev cog khoom, tshwj xeeb yog cov ru tsev yog xim hlau. Rwb thaiv tsev ua haujlwm thiab raws li lub suab rwb thaiv tsev, tig lub "nruas sib ntaus" ntawm cov nag hauv qab nyob ntsiag to.
Ntau yam uas koj xav tau, lawv xaiv yog loj heev. Warring attic, koj xav tau, yam tsis tau ploj hauv cov lus thov ua ntej, xaiv cov ntawm cov uas feem ntau yuav rau koj. Ntawd yog, nws yog tsim rau cov rwb thaiv tsev ntawm lub ru tsev oblique ntawm nthab thiab nws cov phab ntsa los ntawm sab hauv, thiab txawm tias tau thov hauv lub teb chaws. Ntawm no, ntxiv rau lub peev xwm ntawm cov khoom kom ncua tshav kub, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account nws muaj, qhov yooj yim ntawm kev pabcuam, ruaj khov ntawm kev pabcuam thiab, ntawm chav kawm. Yog tias peb tham txog qhov xwm txheej tiag tiag, tom qab ntawd, piv txwv li thaj tsam Moscow, tsom mus rau cov nthab, feem ntau yog lub ntsej muag basalt lossis iav wool nrog ib tuab ntawm 150mm. Koj kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua insulated nrog eco-Art thiab ntau cov khoom siv hluavtaws, xws li ua npuas ncauj, polyethylene foam nws.d. Tab sis muaj ntau nua muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog kev tsim, txoj kab nqes ntawm cov npoo av, qhov ntom ntawm cov rwb thaiv tsev ntawm nws.D. Peb yuav qhia koj cov kev xaiv ntawm cov khoom nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm tom ntej.
Paul, qab nthab, phab ntsa thiab partitionions
Rau rwb thaiv tsev hauv pem teb ntawm nthab, uas yog, overlaps nruab nrab ntawm nthab thiab hauv av hauv qab nws, koj xav tau 10-15 cm rwb thaiv tsev los ntawm cov ntxhia lossis iav twv txiaj. Tab sis, ua ntej koj nteg nws, ntawm cov teeb ntawm overlapping (ntawm cov laug cam, uas yuav tau npog lub qab nthab ntawm av hauv av) nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau tso vaporizolation. Lub rwb thaiv tsev tau muab tso rau saum, sau txhua qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm cov nqaj thiab tsis tawm ntawm cov pob. Yog tias koj tsis siv cov mats, tab sis qhov cub, tom qab ntawd tau tawg ua kom nruj dhau ntawm cov phiaj uas nws loj dua qhov sib txawv ntawm cov teeb. Los ntawm saum toj ntawm cov nqaj nteg ntom nti. Cov ntawv txuas ntawm cov nthab hauv ntom nthab tsis tag nrho thaj tsam ntawm overlapping lub sab saud, thiab ntawm qee qhov deb ntawm nws (nws yog txoj cai, cov teeb cov ntsiab lus ntawm racks nyob rau rafyles). Thaj chaw sib tshooj ntawm lub nthab phab ntsa thiab cov pob txha pob zeb yog tseem tsim nyog yuav tsum tau insulated thiab kaw cov pa taws.
Mansardov cov pem hauv ntej, yog tias nws yog ncej qauv, nrog rau lwm txoj kev uas yog lwm cov kab ntawm cov ncej, ntawm qhov ua ntej tso waterproofing (nyiam dua vapor -Cov menyuam yaus). Tej zaum nws yuav tig tawm tias cov tuab tuab ntawm lub brusev ncej yog tsawg dua li cov tuab ntawm cov rwb thaiv tsev txheej. Hauv qhov no, nws tsis tuaj yeem nyem cov rwb thaiv tsev. Lawv tuaj sib txawv: tsim cov kab ntawm cov ncej nrog cov kab ntxiv (lawv tau tsau nrog cov ntsia hlau). Tom qab tso cov rwb thaiv tsev, phab ntsa yog npog tag nrog vapor polyethylene zaj duab xis. Nws txuas nrog rau tus ncej. Hloov chaw ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab yas rau tag nrho cov insulated daim nthab, Belgium, rot- tuaj yeem yog token (lossis Isated Polyethylene ua npuas ncauj (txheej txheej hauv chav) Cov. Cov khoom siv yuav ua raws li rwb thaiv tsev ntxiv, thiab ntawv ci- thiab ob leeg vaporizolation, thiab rwb thaiv tsev thermal thermal rwb thaiv tsev. Cov ua npuas ncauj ua npuas ncauj, nias rau cov ncej ntawm cov kab, ntawm cov txheej kawg yog sib sau ua ke. Nws yog txhua yam hais txog qhov sib txawv, uas yog tsim ntawm cov ntawv ci thiab sab hauv cov nqaj, yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov nyhuv zoo tag nrho. Tsis txhob hnov qab: Yog tias cov nqaj yog tsau rau cov ntawv ci kaw, cov nyhuv yuav ploj.
Yog tias cov kab ke ntawm cov kab xev, cav, ua npuas ncauj, ua npuas ncauj, cov qauv tuaj yeem hloov kho tau zoo heev ob qho los ntawm sab hauv thiab (ntau dua) sab nraud.
Sab nraum zoov rwb thaiv tsev txheej txheem: 1 phab ntsa; 2 lub tsev rau khoom; 3- rwb thaiv tsev; 4- Kev ua dej tsis huv; 5- Luas ("Lining", Siid, Panels).
Los ntawm sab hauv cov neeg ua ntej thiab cov phab ntsa sab nraud ntawm lub nthab tuaj yeem raug tshoov siab raws li nram no: 1-phab ntsa; 2 - Cov duab xis ntawm cov duab cua tshuab (yog tias ib phab ntsa ntoo lossis cov cav); 3- Kab rov tav ncej ntawm 2525mm tuav (5 siv rau 55cm); 4- rwb thaiv tsev (nruab nrab ntawm daim npav carcass); 5 lub tsev rau khoom; 6- "Laug" ob sab "pw ntsug.
Rau cov khoom siv ntawm lub nthab, nws raug nquahu kom siv cov ntaub ntawv yooj yim thiab tsim qauv qauv, uas yog tsawg heev. Tom qab tag nrho, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los pab txhawb cov ntaub ntawv ntawm qib, thiab, tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv lub tsev ntawm lub tsev uas twb muaj lawm, uas yuav tshwm sim.
Ua raws li cov degree ntawm inclination ntawm lub ru tsev, qis qis qis sab sib cais los ntawm phab ntsa lossis ib lub nthab bullehead tau tsim nyob rau hauv nws module, uas yog raws li racks nyob rau rafyles. Raws li cov tseev kom muaj ntawm Snipa 2.01-89, hauv kev txiav txim thaj tsam ntawm lub nthab, thaj chaw ntawm chav tsev tau coj mus rau qhov siab ntawm 30-1.5 m, nrog kev tsis ncaj ncees ntawm 45-1.1 m , nrog kev tsis ncaj ncees ntawm 60 lossis ntau dua 0.5m. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm phab ntsa yuav tsum yog 1.2m nrog lub bias ntawm lub qab nthab hauv 30 thiab 0.8m ntawm 45; thaum 60 thiab tsis muaj kev txwv ntxiv. Cov kev caij tsheb tsim tom qab phab ntsa tuaj yeem siv ntau ntau haiv neeg, hauv rooj tog tom kawg, rau nruab built-in redility, rau nruab cov rooj tog tom kawg
Sab hauv lub thav duab ntawm cov phab ntsa yog fawm kib (piv txwv, cov phiaj yas ua kom zoo). Cov tog sab raug kaw nrog cov permamin, ntawm lwm qhov, ib hom TYVE. On to top peb yog "npuaj". Yog tias koj yuav txiav txim siab txog lub septum plasterboard thiab pleev xim lossis hmoov av nrog cov duab dai kom zoo nkauj (raws li thev naus laus zis los ntawm Knauf, Russia). Sab hauv hauv ncej kuj tso cov rwb thaiv tsev rwb thaiv tsev, uas ua haujlwm thiab rwb thaiv tsev suab.
Tib lub ncuav mog sov so ", uas feem ntau yog mounted ntawm cov pas nrig uas nyob hauv av, thiab ntawm lub tiaj tiaj tiaj ntawm nthab. Tsuas yog muab rau qhov no daug los ntawm txhua txheej ntawm cov ncuav mog qab zib tau muab tso rau. Nws muaj peev xwm ua kom tiav nws nrog flooring los ntawm cov laug cam, vim tias qhov chaw nthab yog tsim rau saum nthab, uas tuaj yeem siv los ua cov txheej txheem cia. Yog hais tias cov nquag siv ntawm chav kawm ua ntej tshiab saum toj no lub nthab, ces cov screed yuav tsum muaj zog. Yog tias lub tsev tsim kev tso cai, koj tuaj yeem tsim ob lub nthab nthab nyob rau hauv "sov ru tsev".
Lub qhov rais mansard
Lub teeb thiab huab cua tuaj yeem nkag rau hauv lub nthab los ntawm ntau hom Windows: nyob ntawm sab xub ntiag ntawm ntau yam (Quadrangular, oval, taw tes, "pat"), dhau ntawm Qhov rai ntawm Loggia lossis qhib, ua rau lub sam thiaj thaum kawg, los ntawm lub Windows kos rau hauv lub ru tsev tsim.Yooj yim rau lwm tus yog mounted nyob rau hauv lub ru tsev uas twb muaj lawm ntawm lub nthab windows nyob hauv nws lub dav hlau. Nws tau raug pov thawj tias lub qhov rais inclined tig ntsej saum ntuj muab 40% teeb ntau dua li cov kev hnov ntawm tib qho loj. Dersighted lub qhov rais tuaj yeem ntsia ntawm lub ru tsev ntawm kev sib txawv - los ntawm ntau lub tuam txhab: ntawm 15. Niaj hnub no, Velux (Velro), Fakro (Poland), Ltalis) IDR. Diav lub qhov rais feem ntau yog mounted ntawm qhov chaw siab ntawm 110 txog 205cm saum toj no hauv pem teb, nws yog ntshaw rau cov khoom siv cua sov kom tsis txhob pom cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Tus qauv tsim nws tus kheej tuaj yeem ua viav vias, maj mam sawv daws, sawv cev rau lub teeb nrog lub teeb thiab huab cua, tab sis kuj tseem rau cov kev tawm ntawm lub ru tsev.
Qhov hnyav tag nrho ntawm lub mounted qauv yog qhov tseem ceeb, yog li ntawd cov khoom ntim ntawm CRATE thiab rafters tsis tshaj qhov project qhov tseem ceeb. Nws tseem tsim nyog los xav txog qhov kev teeb tsa ntawm qee cov qauv yog khi rau kev tsim kho ntawm Rafter, thaum lwm tus tuaj yeem txhawb nqa thiab tsuas yog ntawm CRINK). Qhov tseem ceeb kom paub txog tus naj npawb ntawm lub qhov rais ntsuas phoo. Huscing, tsis zoo li pa iav, tsis txaus ntseeg khob ntawm mansard ntawm mansard ntawm mansard ntawm mansard ntawm mansard ntawm mansard ntawm mansard ntawm mansard ntawm mansard, nws yog qhov tsim nyog muab thiab muaj peev xwm hloov nws lub khob iav, thiab tus nqi ntawm qhov kev tshwm sim no. Cov thav ntawv thiab cov thawv ntawm cov duab nthab yog kev tiv thaiv los ntawm cov hlau hlau, thiab cov pob qij txha nrog lub ru tsev hla lub thawv loj heev thiab kaw cov nyiaj hli. Nws ua rau kev txiav txim siab xaiv tus qauv uas tus qauv tsim kom muaj kev pa hluav taws yog qhov chaw pa taws.
Feem ntau cov tshuab sib txawv rau kev qhib cov qhov rai zoo li no. Qhov zoo tshaj yog qhov chaw ntawm cov leeg ntawm qhov siab ntawm 185-205cm hauv pem teb. Lub kaw lus feem ntau muaj thiab yooj yim nyob rau ntawm lub qhov rai tuaj yeem tig tus txheeb ze rau nws txoj kab rov tav candis. Qauv ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom sib txawv sib txawv los ntawm txhua lwm yam. Piv txwv li, yog tias tus qauv tsim los ntawm Velux ua rau qhov chaw no yog li qhov chaw ib puag ncig siab tshaj plaws yog qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws ntawm chav ua haujlwm siab (ntawm lub ntom ntom ntom, vim yog qib siab ntawm lawv cov kev teeb tsa.
Taug kev, ntsia hlau, nthab
Ua haujlwm tawm qhov haujlwm ntawm tus ntaiv uas ua rau chav nthab yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv chav npaj ntawm chav no. Nws nyob ntawm qhov chaw nyob ntawm cov staircase nyob rau hauv lub interboard sib tshooj thiab tus staircase tsim nws tus kheej. Cov kev cai rau kev ua siab ntev, kev nyab xeeb, yooj yim, txaus los ntawm cov rooj tog thiab txav mus los tib neeg. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm tus ntaiv yog 45. Qhov dav ntawm cov kauj ruam yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg 28-30CM, qhov no tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau kev nyab xeeb. Theem Qhov siab ua tsis ntau tshaj 20cm.
Nws raug nquahu kom siv cov ntaiv uas tau compact ntau tshaj plaws los siv cov ntaiv uas tau compact ntau tshaj plaws, lossis "nrog kev sib hloov". WACH cov kev xaiv yog tsis muaj qhov chaw nruab nrab rau kev ua si, uas tshem tawm qhov chaw. Cov kauj ruam ua rau kev nkag siab ua tau zoo. Txoj kev ntsuas ntawm qhov dav ntawm cov kauj ruam tag nrho yuav tsum, raws li kev cai, los ua tsawg kawg 100 hli. Txhawm rau tib neeg yuav sib ntsib, qhov dav ntawm tus ntaiv yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg 900 hli. Lub ntsiab staircase ntawm lub nthab feem ntau tau theej tawm ntawm "tus pab cuam" - lub ntsej muag zoo nkauj thiab txawm tias steplets "lossis, thaum kawg, ib qho kawg nkaus, ib qho kev sib tw nthab ). Lawv tau ua kom zoo li compact - 12-15 kauj ruam. Ib feem ntawm staircase tau txuas rau hauv lub interlets, thiab lwm qhov ob nyob twj ywm, folding zoo li transformer. Ntsia thawv tso cai txuag qhov chaw. Cov ntsia hlau Stairs, muaj kev siv tus pas nrig sab hauv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov neeg siv khoom thiab tsev me. Nov yog lub luag haujlwm ruaj khov heev. Txhua kauj ruam yog tig ib ncig ntawm axis txheeb ze rau yav dhau los ntawm 22-23.
Tag nrho saum npoo ntawm cov ntoo ntaiv (cov kauj ruam, risers, balusters, balorers, npog kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv kev kho kom zoo nkauj thiab cov roj vanish. Ib qho yuav tsum tsuas xav tias yog tias cov kev pab tau tsaus, ces khawb av rau nws yuav sai sai maj mus rau hauv lub qhov muag. Feem ntau, rau cov qauv ntsug, koj xaiv cov qauv ntsug, zoo li rau cov phab ntsa ntawm chav tsev qis, tom qab ntawd lub staircase volines thiab chav zoo li nthuav dav.
1- Caw lub qab nthab hauv chav qis;
2-nqaj sib tshooj;
3 lub tsev rau khoom;
4- rwb thaiv tsev;
5- Tej Chaw Taws Teeb
1- rwb thaiv tsev;
2- Lub Papor-permeable membrane;
3- brus ntawm fastening;
4- Cov kab qis dua;
5- Stropile ko taw;
6- Domlele
A- Txav kom txaj muag;
Bashed mansard;
1- rwb thaiv tsev;
2 lub tsev rau khoom;
3- ventilated clearance
1 yog plasterboard;
2- Screed Rafter;
3- Mounting Qab Nthab Luc
1- ob sab phlu;
2- doom;
3 lub tsev rau khoom;
4- rwb thaiv tsev;
5-membrane vapor-permeable;
6-tuav;
7 - txiav-ziab lub tshuab ziab khaub ncaws;
8 - Kev muag dej tsis huv;
9-ru tsev;
10- stropile noga
Cov kws kho mob ua tsaug lub tuam txhab "Lub Tebchaws Lub Tsev", lub nroog Roto "," Monolith; pab pab ua haujlwm.