Anatomy ntawm Stairs, Tsim Kho cov ntsiab lus, cov ntaub ntawv, kev teeb tsa, kev saib xyuas. Cov kev ua yuam kev hauv kev tsim qauv thiab kev tsim kho. Cov tuam txhab tsim thiab nqi.
Marshamic staircase ntawm curvilinear daim ntawv. Lub qhov rooj, raws li cov qauv, mus rau tom staircase
Qhov no yog dab tsi fencing ntawm cov staircase ntawm lub sab saud zoo li. Nws yuav cawm koj los ntawm kev poob rau hauv kuv li
Staircase, rooj tog thiab tag nrho tsim kev tsim kho sab hauv Eddition ntawm Noble Simplay
Ntiv nplhaib kauj ruam pab txuag chaw
Mini Electra Staircase: Metallic Kosur yuav tau them nrog ntoo
Ntsia thawv ntaiv zoo nkauj heev, tab sis tsis yooj yim heev rau kev txav mus los.
Daws cov teeb meem ntawm shrinkage ntawm lub tsev thiab cov staircase yog yooj yim yog tias qhov siab ntawm kev txhawb nqa ncej yog kho tau
Gara yog ib qho classic Marching Staircase. Cov kauj ruam yog tsim los ntawm beech, thiab laj kab - los ntawm forged hlau
Kuj ceeb tias lub teeb thiab cov khoom muaj kuab heev. Nov yog Araya Staircase los ntawm Rintal (Fabkis)
Lub cev me me lub teeb - Cov nplaim hluav taws ntawm lub laj kab
Tsob ntoo thiab hlau, cov khoom nrov tshaj plaws hauv kev tsim cov ntaiv. Aero kev tsim txom los ntawm Alfa Nplai
Nyob rau hauv thaj chaw nrog lub peev xwm loj, nws raug pom zoo kom siv cov ntaub ntawv muaj zog, xws li plooj (veneers) pob zeb.
Massive Staircase - cov kev xaiv uas yooj yim rau cov thev naus laus zis loj-style
Cov qauv tsis yog-qauv ntawm cov pob zeb staircase: cov kauj ruam yog tsau rau ntawm tus hlau koser. Imola Ceramiche.
Kev Kho Kom Zoo Nkauj Tsim yog ib qho ntawm cov kev txhawj xeeb tseem ceeb ntawm tus kws tshaj lij
Nyob rau lub sijhawm thaum ub, teeb tsa siab, ib qho ntawm cov ntoo vajtse uas yog tus ntaiv ntawm "Godisbracted" - Vaj, Falau lossis cov pov thawj. Niaj hnub no cov ntaiv coj peb tsis tsuas yog nyob saum ntuj, tab sis kuj muaj cov chav nyob hauv ntiaj teb "hauv ntiaj teb" chav pw, cov neeg ua haujlwm nyob hauv lub caij ntuj no. Kab lus no yuav qhia cov kev tsim qauv uas "nyob" hauv lub tebchaws thiab ob chav tsev.
Staircase, ua ntej ntawm txhua yam, yog ua haujlwm: nws ua haujlwm ua kev sib txuas ntawm chav sib txawv, yuav tsum tau txav nrawm thiab yooj yim dua li sai tau. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus ntaiv yog dai kom zoo nkauj thiab koom nrog kev tsim cov qauv sab hauv. Npaj kom txhij los ua tus tswv tsev saib xyuas ob chav tsev lossis ib lub tsev nyob hauv lub tebchaws, koj yuav twv yuav raug hu ua "ntawm cov teeb meem ntaiv. Thaum twg los tsim tus ntaiv? Dab tsi tsim thiab cov ntaub ntawv muab nyiam? Dab tsi yog cov tuam txhab yug hauv Lavxias kev lag luam thiab lawv muab dab tsi? Thaum kawg, yuav ua li cas siv cov staircase kom nws ua haujlwm ntev li ntev tau? Txog qhov no thiab qee qhov ntawm qee qhov subtleticies ntawm tus ntaiv yuav qhia peb cov lus.
Kev tsim ua
Cov tswv neej tom ntej ntawm ib lub teb chaws lub tsev lossis ob chav tsev ob-zaj dab neeg yog sai dua lossis tom qab nug tus ntaiv: thaum tsim qauv staircase? Thiab, hmoov tsis, nws yog ntau cov ntsiab lus nrog ib cov ntsiab lus schematic nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus dav dav, tawm hauv cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws ntawm cov staircase tsim mus rau theem kawg ntawm kev tsim kho. Txoj hauv kev no tsis muaj txiaj ntsig, txij li nws ua rau txheej txheem ntawm "tsev" yuam kev. Yuam kev ua ntej: qhov chaw npaj tsis raug. Lub tsev yuav luag npaj, yog, muaj teeb meem ib qho tsim uas koj nyiam tsis tuaj yeem sau rau hauv qhov ntev ntawm qhov chaw uas twb muaj lawm ntawm kev qhib. Koj cem tus kws tshaj lij, thiab nws stubbornly reasts tias nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom xaiv cov lus sib piv ntawm qhov nplaum ntawm cov nplaum thiab qhov siab ntawm cov riser. Qhov no yog qhov tseeb yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv staircase, nws nyob ntawm nws yooj yim npaum li cas yuav hloov mus rau cov plag tsev ntawm lub tsev.Qhov Yuam Kev Thib Ob: Npaj cov qauv tsim ntawm Staircase tsis tau noj rau hauv tus account cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom ntawm cov duab uas lub Mount yog nqa tawm. Cov ntaiv taw tau tsuas yog tsau rau qhov ruaj khov, raws li txoj cai, nce phab ntsa, cib nrog cov phab ntsa ntau dua li 25 cm), cov nplais Asbestos hauv cov pollipichi tuab, muaj " Hniav "partitions.
Thib peb yuam kev: Tso cov khoom siv cua kub ncaj qha hauv qab ntaiv. Qhov no yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog txaus ntshai rau cov qauv ntoo. Nws yog qhov ua tau los txiav txim siab qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov ntoo thiab cua sov cov khoom nyob ze ntawm lub cuab yeej mus rau qhov kov thiab paub tseeb tias lawv tsis ua kom sov. Ua ntej, xav txog qhov chaw nyob ntawm hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, xa xov, cua sov thiab Windows txheeb ze rau Staircase. Yog tias koj muaj nuj nqis qhov chaw, sim siv lub ces kaum nyob rau hauv nyob rau hauv lub staircase, tsim ib lub thawv lossis phau ntawv bookcases ntawm no.
Nyob rau hauv ib tug los nag huab cua (piv txwv li, hauv nruab nrab sawb ntawm Russia nrog lub caij nplooj zeeg muaj kev tiv thaiv ntawm lub tsev, txij li thaj av me me ntub ntawm no. Ibeton, thiab cib, albeit nyob rau hauv cov khoom me me, tseem muaj kev pab cuam me me, yog li pab tsim rau kev tsim ntawm ib cheeb tsam ntawm microclimate txawm tias nyob hauv ib lub tsev. Yog tias cov phiaj xwm kos duab tsis zam lub ces kaum qaum teb, sim ua "cov staircase tsim los ntawm cov ntaiv qhuav ntawm lub staircase thiab phab ntsa (piv txwv li, nruab rau cov khoom siv thermal). Nco ntsoov tias tsis yog tus kws tshaj lij nyob hauv tus kws ua qauv tsim, tej zaum koj yuav tau caw lwm tus Master.
Thaum tsim lub tsev ntoo, nws tseem tsim nyog yuav tsum nco ntsoov ob peb hlis thiab tau txuas ntxiv rau ntau lub hlis thiab tau ua kom muaj peev xwm ua tau ntawm cov av, xws li av nplaum thiab loam. Cov ntsiab lus siv hauv staircase yuav tsum muaj kev them nqi ntawm hom "lub tsom iav", yog tias tsim nyog, qhov siab ntawm xws staircase yog kho tau. Nov tsuas yog ib qho ntawm cov kev xaiv, cov kws tshaj lij hauv txhua rooj plaub tshwj xeeb yuav muab kev txiav txim siab tshaj plaws rau koj. Nws tsis pom zoo kom tsim cov ntaiv hauv lub tsev "tshiab" lub tsev-matic installation ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj, ib xyoos yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg yog ib xyoos.
Manufacturers
Lub Staircase ntau lawm siv sijhawm ntev heev: txij thaum pib ntawm tus qauv tsim ua ntej xa cov khoom tiav dhau ntawm ib mus rau peb lub hlis. Kev tiv thaiv lub cev tig mus rau qhov teeb meem, daws ua ke nrog tus kws kes duab vajtse. Lavxias kev ua lag luam ua lag luam nthuav qhia cov neeg tsim khoom loj, ob qho tib si hauv tsev thiab teb chaws.
Los ntawm awerseas uas nrov tshaj plaws Italian cov tuam txhab Albinifontanot, Alfetti, Marran, Camea cov lus qhia, tsis ntev los no tau tshwm sim Fab Kis Lapeyre. Txhua tus ntawm lawv tsim cov ntaiv ntawm ntau tus qauv (taug kev, ntsia hlau) thiab ua lawv los ntawm ntau cov ntaub ntawv, hlau, pob zeb. Cov ntaiv hluav taws kub ntawm cov tuam txhab txawv teb chaws tau xaj los ntawm cov neeg muag khoom uas muab cov qauv tsim qauv, xaj, xa mus rau Lavxias npaj txhij thiab, thaum kawg, lub installation. Yog li, lawv yog ib hom "cov neeg tsim khoom" ("Academy Generior", "Tseg cov ntaiv", koj xaiv, ua ntej ntawm txhua yam, hom , Tsim qauv thiab tsim qauv. Qhov tseeb yog txiav txim siab thaum tsim qauv uas koj tau xaiv thiab qhov loj me ntawm koj, txhua tus ntaiv yog qhov tshwj xeeb.
Los ntawm Lavxias teb sab tuam txhab uas muag, qhov loj tshaj plaws producers yog "DOP # 1", "Caracks Style", "Maple Lest", "Podroditsa", "Smkvadrat", ib tug tej MNPO tsob nroj "Temp". Kuj tseem muaj tus neeg tua hluav taws uas muaj peev xwm tshwj xeeb hauv cov khoom lag luam tshwj xeeb lossis lawv cov khoom siv ntawm cov khoom ntoo (li ntawd, cov pob zeb noj qab haus "- cov kauj ruam los ntawm marble thiab granite, thiab lub tuam txhab" Hnab "tsim cov kauj ruam thiab fencing los ntawm multilayer iav thiab stainless hlau).
Kev tsim ua
Muaj ob peb cov kev faib tawm ntawm cov theem ntaiv. Peb yuav ua raws li cov kab lus no yooj yim tshaj plaws, raws li cov ntaiv uas tuaj yeem faib ua cov nkoj thiab cov screws.Lub Nkoj Staircase muaj ib lossis ntau tus Spans sib txuas los ntawm cov chaw nrab. Tus naj npawb ntawm cov kauj ruam hauv ib qho ranges los ntawm 3 txog 18 hlwb (raws li cov qauv ntawm SNIP 2.08.01-89 * "Vaj Tse"). Lub Nkoj Staircase yog zoo li txoj kab ncaj nraim (cov qauv yooj yim tshaj plaws yog tus ntaiv ncaj qha uas muaj ib qho kev ncua) thiab tig. Theoretically, lub churches tuaj yeem nyob ntawm ib qho twg ntawm ib tug txheeb ze thiab txawm tias yog kev coj ua ntawm tib cov qib siab ntawm cov kauj ruam uas tsis muaj chaw nyob, txawm hais tias yooj yim dua Rau kev hloov rooj tog. Lwm hom kev tsim kho yog qhib: thawj ib lossis ob lub Peb Hlis ua rau lub xaib, ntawm ob lwm lub Peb hlis ntuj diverges nyob rau sab rov qab. Qhov no yog cov xov xwm tshaj plaws, nws yog feem ntau tau dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cov duab puab, thiab nws tuaj yeem ua haujlwm txawm tias sab hauv. Kev txav mus rau lub viav vias yog tag nrho cov kev ua koob tsheej.
Tus tsim qauv ntawm KAUV STAIRCE suav nrog tus pas nrig ntsug thiab npaj raws li tus kauv Strokes nyob ib puag ncig nws. Lim ntawm cov xwm txheej, tus ncej siv hluav taws xob muaj cov qauv tsim nyuaj thiab qhov "tsom iav" ntawm cov kauj ruam uas tau txais kev pab ntawm cov tsho tshwj xeeb tshwj xeeb thiab ib ncig. Qee cov tuam txhab Lavxias muaj cov qauv nyob rau hauv uas cov kauj ruam txuas nrog rau tus siv ncej siv nkhaus. Cov ntaiv no tsis yooj yim hauv kev ua haujlwm: lawv yuav tshee thaum taug kev, cov kauj ruam thiab cov ncej txhawb nqa tau deformed.
Qhov tsawg kawg ntawm txoj kab uas hla ntawm cov ntsia hlau staircase yog 110cm, thiab yooj yim tshaj plaws - 150cm thiab ntau dua. Lub kaum sab xis ntawm Lifting tuaj yeem ncav cuag 55-60. Ntsia thawv ntaiv tsis yog yooj yim txav cov neeg, nws tau tshwm sim rau cov rooj tog (nws tau tshwm sim rau cov neeg sib tw ntawm lub qhov rais lossis rhuav tshem cov rooj tog zaum ntawm tus qauv thiab cov rooj tog thauj los ntawm kev qhib). Ntsia thawv qee zaum tsis muaj cov ncej txhawb nqa, qee tus kws tshaj lij faib lawv mus rau hauv ib pawg sib cais.
Zam ntawm cov ntaiv tau txawv los ntawm qhov zoo heev. Raws li cov kws tshaj lij ntawm txhua tus neeg ua haujlwm hauv cov tuam txhab no, cov qauv nrov tshaj plaws - watter ntoo thiab taug kev, sib txuas ntoo thiab hlau. Cov ntaiv taw ntaiv tau yooj yim dua rau cov screws. Kev txav ntawm tom kawg yog qhov nyuaj tshwj xeeb rau cov menyuam yaus yau, cov neeg laus, cov neeg xiam oob khab. Ntsia thawv staircases feem ntau yog nruab raws li theem ob (piv txwv li, raws li nyias muaj nyias nyob hauv chav pw, chav kawm lossis chaw nyob ntawm thaj chaw loj nrog thaj chaw.
Anatomy ntawm stairs
Txhua tus Staircase muaj lub hauv paus (Kosur, kev pom zoo, cov tswv cuab lossis txhawb nqa ncej) thiab cov kauj ruam (qhib lossis nrog lub riser). Cov ntsiab lus ntxiv yog cov platforms ntawm marches, cov tsheb ciav hlau thiab hniav looj ntsej muag, duab puab, nrog rau built-in backlight. Cov qhua tuaj noj mov feem ntau xaiv tus ntaiv raws nws cov tsos raws li nws cov tsos thiab kev ua tiav tag nrho ntawm sab hauv, thiab tsis yog mus rau cov lus subtleties, vam khom rau cov kws tshaj lij. Txawm hais tias, kev lom zem zoo, koj yuav, muaj peev xwm tuaj hla nrog ntau cov lus tshwj xeeb thiab cov ntaub ntawv tshaj lij.
Kosouric - Qhov no yog cov nqaj nqes hav, uas yog cov kauj ruam ntawm tus ntaiv lub Peb Hlis. Nyob ntawm cov qauv tsim, cov staircase tuaj yeem muaj ib lossis ob qho kouryra.
Hnov - Kuj tseem muaj cov cab kuj inclined ntawm ntaiv, tab sis cov kauj ruam yog "sib tsoo" rau hauv sab hauv ntawm lub twj paj nruag.
Boltz - Hlau ntoo txuas rau cov kauj ruam ntawm lawv tus kheej. Tus ntaiv ntawm cov bolts, tej zaum yog feem ntau "lub teeb" ntawm txhua yam hauv nws lub ntsej muag. Nws cov kauj ruam nrog ib kawg yog txuas rau ntawm phab ntsa.
Txhawb Cov Yeeb Nkab - Tus ncej nruab ntug, nyob ib ncig ntawm cov staircase tau nruj.
Tawm los - Kab rov tav ib feem ntawm theem.
Ntawv sib yeem - Qhov ntsug ntawm theem, uas kaw qhov sib txawv ntawm cov nyiaj tau los nyob ze ib sab thiab cov tsiaj uas raug iab liam ntawm lub cev txhav txhav txhav. Tsis muaj cov qauv sib txawv.
Khiav cov kauj ruam - Xws li, nyob rau hauv uas qhov dav dav yog pom tsuas yog nyob rau hauv nruab nrab kab ntawm lub Peb Hlis. Sab hauv ntug twb tau, thiab sab nraud dav.
Sib tshooj - fencing ntawm tus ntaiv lossis sam thiaj hla ntawm staircase. Raws li txoj cai, muaj ib lub puab puag ncig.
Sam thiaj - Cov ntsiab lus zoo nkauj ntawm lub laj kab, nqa tus railing ntawm nws tus kheej.
Cov ntaub ntawv, kev teeb tsa, kev saib xyuas
Lub hauv paus ntawm cov staircase tuaj yeem ua vaj tse, cov pob zeb txhawb, hlau lossis ntoo. Ntxiv rau qhov no, tus ntaiv yuav raug hu ua pob zeb ua vaj tse, hlau lossis ntoo (qhov kev zam yog pob zeb thiab iav tau txais lawv lub npe raws li cov khoom siv). Cov txheej txheem ua ke - "hlau-ntoo", "hlau-iav", "hlau-iav", "los ntawm txhua cov ntaub ntawv, tsob ntoo yog suav hais tias yog cov khoom siv uas qab zib, qab ntxiag thiab cov nqi pheej yig. Stairs ua cov iav lossis cov hlau ntshiab tseem tsis tshua muaj kev tsis txaus siab thiab txawv.Ua raws li kev tsim kho ntawm lub tsev, kev txhawb nqa qhob pob zeb ua ke ntawm kev sib tshooj tuaj yeem tiv thaiv lub nra ntawm 500-1000 kg / m2. Qhov no feem ntau yog txaus los nruab ib tug staircase ntawm pob zeb lossis iav (hnyav txog li 500 kg). Feem ntau ntawm cov ntoo thiab hlau cov qauv muaj ntau 150 txog 350kg. Los ntawm tus thawj tswj hwm tsev (ntawm cov plag tsev yuav tsum tiv thaiv lub nra yam tsawg kawg 250kg / m2) ntawm qhov chaw nyob ntawm cov chaw ntaiv yog lub zog nrog cov teeb meem ntxiv. Thaum npaj theem, lub xeev ntawm kev sib tshooj ntawm kev kho cov ntaiv yuav tsum tau tsim cov qauv kev txhawb ntxiv uas yuav faib lub nra ntawm thaj chaw loj dua. Cov kev xaiv ntawm cov ntsiab lus siv rau lub staircase nyob ntawm kev teeb tsa ntawm ib tus qauv tshwj xeeb. Yog li, tus qauv taug kev ncaj qha yog txuas rau ntawm kev sib tshooj thiab so rau hauv av. Lub Nkoj Staircase nrog ib lem yuav xav tau ntxiv rau ntawm phab ntsa, nrog ob txoj kev sib hloov ntawm cov ntawv txuas rau hauv pem teb, rau qhov sib tshooj, rau phab ntsa thiab txhawb nqa ntawm tus ncej ntsug. Cov qauv xov xwm uas muaj ntau ntawm cov lem tau siv los kuj tau siv los ntawm qhov kawg-rau-kawg fastening ntawm lub cososov, cov neeg tiv thaiv lossis cov kauj ruam lossis cov kauj ruam rau phab ntsa. Cov khoom siv hlau txuas nrog cov khoom lag luam yuav siv thauj tog rau nkoj Bolts, thiab cov ntoo ntoo ntawm cov ntsia hlau. Nyob rau sab nraud ntawm qhov chaw nyob ntawm anchors thiab bolts yog masked los ntawm cov zoo nkauj plugs.
Ntsia thawv ntaiv yog tsim los ntawm cov loj tshaj plaws load: thaj chaw ntawm lawv sib cuag nrog hauv pem teb thiab sib tshooj yog me me. Txhawm rau zam cov teeb meem nrog cov muaj ntau dhau hauv cov tsev ntoo, cov kws tshaj lij uas tau sim muab cov ntaub ntawv txhawb nqa ntawm lub nqaj lossis ze rau nws.
Ua raws li cov qauv xaiv, kev teeb tsa yuav raug ua nyob rau theem sib txawv ntawm kev tsim kho. Yog li, txhawb cov qhob Kosouris tau cam khwb cia ntawm theem ntawm kev ua haujlwm tseem ceeb. Hlau thiab ntoo lub pob zeb thiab cov khoom siv nyiaj yuav tsev ntawm cov ntaiv ntaiv tau muab ntsia rau ntawm theem kawg ntawm kev tsim kho, ua ntej pib ua haujlwm tiav. Cov khoom seem (cov kauj ruam, balasins, thiab lwm yam) tau nruab tsuas yog tom qab puv xim ziab. Muaj tseeb, qee cov tuam txhab nyiam nruab cov ntaiv tom qab ua tiav ua haujlwm. Qhov zoo dua ntawm cov kev daws teeb meem no yog los tiv thaiv tus ntaiv los ntawm cov kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov khoom noo thiab ib puas feem pua tshuaj tiv thaiv los ntawm cov number case los ntawm cov number case los ntawm cov number case los ntawm cov number case los ntawm cov number case lossis cov txha hniav laus. Qhov nyuaj yog qhov uas qiv nyiaj yuav tsev yuav tau txuas rau qhov raug yog, kom tsis txhob puas tsuaj ntawm phab ntsa, ceilings thiab poj niam txiv neej.
Txhua ntawm cov ntaub ntawv siv hauv kev tsim khoom hauv nws tus kheej txoj kev capricious thiab yuav tsum tau saib xyuas tus kheej.
Ntoo - Cov khoom siv feem ntau rau kev tsim cov staircase ntawm ib qho qauv tsim. Ntxiv mus, muaj ntau yam ntawm cov tsiaj yog siv los ua cov muag muag (ntoo thuv, cenar, khoom (birch, beech, beech, tshauv). Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nrov niaj hnub no yog ntoo thuv (raws li cov khoom pheej yig tshaj plaws), Beech thiab Oak. Kab kab txawv rau Stair qauv raug suav tias yog Cherry, txiv ntseej, cypress, Iroko, zuam, Mogano thiab lwm yam breeds ntawm mahogany. Tsis hais txog tsob ntoo uas raug xaiv ntawm tsob ntoo, txhua cov ntsiab (cov kauj ruam, cov hlua khi, roj hmab yog cov ntoo monolithic yog qhov tawg sai heev thiab deformed. Cov ntawv tso cai dej noo ntawm cov ntoo huv si rau cov ntaiv yog 8-12% - los ntsuas nws yuav pab tshwj xeeb cov khoom lag luam noo noo. Tag nrho cov khoom siv tau pom zoo los yuav hauv ib qho chaw, qhov chaw uas lawv tau xaiv ntawm cov khoom zoo nkauj (suab, kos duab) thiab dhau tib qho kev ua. Cov qauv xa tuaj tsis pom zoo kom ua ke cov pob zeb ua ke nrog cov sib txawv ntawm cov fiber ntau, tom qab qee lub sijhawm staircase "offs" lossis "ua luam dej".
Cov ntaiv ntoo tau kho nrog kev nyuaj siab thiab cov kua roj vanish. Nws tuaj yeem yog ob qho tib si tsis muaj xim thiab ntau yam xim zas tinting varnishes, enamels thiab xim av. Cov txheej txheem xim yog nqa tawm ua ntej kev tsim kho ntawm kev tsim kho ntawm tus qauv. Khaws lossis tsis yog cov xim ntoo ntawm tsob ntoo nyob ntawm koj saj. Coob tus xum pleev ntoo, ua tiav nws qhov kev sib txuam ntawm lub qhov rooj, parquet lossis txawm tias lub qhov rais thav duab. Cov neeg nyiam ntawm kev sib xyaw yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias cov kua roj varnish yog lwv. Rov qab pib lub tsos ntawm cov xim varnish yuav tsis yooj yim - thaum rov ua tiav cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg, thiab koj yuav tsis ua tiav cov kev sib txuam ntawm cov neeg rov qab cuam tshuam. Yog tias tsob ntoo yog thawj zaug uas tau them nrog cov xim varsws, qhov teeb meem ntawm kev rov ua kom nruj yog daws tau tus kheej ntawm tsev.
Txawm tias cov ntoo nplaum nplaum yog qhov ua kom tawg, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog vim yog qhov sib txawv kub. Yog li ntawd, cov chaw tsim khoom lag luam lav cov kev pabcuam ntoo staircase li ib txwm muaj tsuas yog nyob rau qee qhov xwm txheej ntawm nws txoj haujlwm. Cov lus ceeb toom yuav tsum tau tswj los ntawm huab cua kub 20-22C thiab txheeb ze cov av noo ntawm 60-70%. Cov huab cua qis yog pom zoo kom siv cov thoob dej noo. Suav nrog noo noo, tsis tsuas yog siv tau tshwj xeeb, tab sis kuj muaj ntau yam tawm ntoo (piv txwv li, thiab cov chaw ua haujlwm ncaj qha hauv qab ntaiv. Cov ntaiv yuav tsum muaj kev tiv thaiv los ntawm kev tshav ntuj ncaj qha, nyob ntawm qhov chaw txaus los ntawm cov khoom siv cua sov. Nws kuj tseem yuav tsum tau tshem tawm qhov sib thooj ntawm cov khoom nkag mus ntawm cov dej tsim thaum tsis ua tiav cov khoom siv hluav taws xob dej. Cov kev xav tau no, hmoov tsis zoo, tsis yog ua yuav luag hauv 80% ntawm kev siv ntawm cov ntoo ntoo. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, peb tab tom tham txog "Tsawg-pob nyiaj" ntaiv nyob rau lub tsev caij ntuj sov uas tsis rhuab nyob rau lub caij ntuj no. Tab sis qhov tshwm sim yog qhov tsim nyog: Staircase creaks, dissipates, cov khoob tshwm nyob rau hauv nws.
Qhov thib ob rho tawm ntawm cov ntoo staircase yog nws cov hluav taws kub nyhiab. Yog li ntawd, hauv tsev nrog qhov siab ntawm ntau tshaj li ob plag tsev, tsuas yog stairs hauv lub tsev yuav tsum muaj cov xim uas duav tau nrog cov xim hluav taws-resistant (piv txwv, uniterm).
Ntoo ntaiv, zoo li cov tsev ntoo, muaj lub sijhawm shrinkage rau ob peb lub hlis, tej zaum, tom qab ntawd koj yuav tau kho cov screwsing Fastening. Cov chaw ua tiav rau Cov Ntaus Ntoo Rock Fork "Arbol", "Caucasian hav zoov", "Canadian Cedar", "Xyaum".
Lub pob zeb ntuj ntuj. Thaum ua haujlwm nrog nws, nws tsuas yog tsim nyog rau kev ntsuas zoo, vim tias cov stairly pob zeb staircase kom tig koj mus rau hauv kev tsheb ciav hlau lossis scenery rau zaj duab xis txog cov neeg Lavxias. Nws tsis tas yuav tsim lub pob zeb los ntawm pob zeb, nws yog txaus los txwv cov kauj ruam thiab cais cov ntsiab lus zoo nkauj. Lub moj khaum lub moj khaum feem ntau ua los ntawm cov hlau, pob zeb av lossis txhawb nqa cov pob zeb ua kom zoo dua qub, cov kab hlau yog xim hlau.
Nws raug nquahu kom siv pob zeb muab rho tawm hauv chaw txua txiag zeb los ntawm kev kaw, thiab tsis yog tawg ntawm qhov tawg feem ntau yuav qhia lawv tus kheej thaum ua haujlwm). Ntawm txhua tus tsiaj, granite thiab marble tau txais kev faib tawm loj tshaj plaws, thiab tom kawg yog qhov tseeb capricious. Lub marble yog yooj yim khawb, nqus ntau cov kua qaub (txeej ntau lub khob kas fes lossis tshuaj yej yuav ua rau lub txim tsis txaus siab heev). Nws tsis tas yuav siv cov kev daws teeb meem zoo los yog cov nplaum rau cov pobzeb ceramic mus pw ntawm marble - tom qab ib lub sij hawm ntawm cov pob zeb, cov pob zeb tsis muaj tseeb yuav tshwm sim. Lavxias kev ua lag luam muaj cov khoom lag luam tshwj xeeb thiab cov plasters ntawm akemi (lub teb chaws Yelemees), Bellinzoni (Lityofin (Tebchaws Yelemees). Tib lub tuam txhab ua tau ntau heev rau kev saib xyuas ntawm pob zeb - ob qho tib si marble thiab granite.
Nrog rau kev npaj cov ntaiv, nyiam yog qhov zoo dua los muab cov chaw polished, vim tias ntawm pob zeb polished nws yooj yim heev rau plam. Txog kev tiv thaiv ntxiv rau cov tee, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov kauj ruam yog them tshwj xeeb los tiv thaiv kab xeb (piv txwv li, peb yog ib qib zuj zus). Lawv tuaj yeem ua tau los ntawm ntau cov ntaub ntawv: Seisal, ntuj ntaub plaub, polypropylene, polyamide lossis roj hmab. Xws li mats ntawm ib sab yog feem ntau yog tus kheej-nplaum, vim uas lawv tau tsau rau ntawm cov kauj ruam, thiab yog tias tsim nyog, nws yooj yim hloov. Qhov kev xaiv thib ob, tso cai tiv thaiv cov staircase pob zeb thiab tib lub sijhawm tsis txhob ua txhua yam kev zoo nkauj ntawm cov khoom siv ntuj tsim nyog uas tau txiav lossis muaj tshuaj tsuag rau ntawm ntug sab nraud ntawm theem. Rau qhov kov, no ntug no ua me ntsis ntxhib.
Nyob rau hauv cov qib Lavxias, pob zeb ua ib qho khoom lag luam ywj pheej (pob zeb ntawm ntau lub pob zeb zoo li "pob zeb dawb", "pob zeb dawb"
Ceramics. Ib qho ntawm cov kev daws teeb meem rau cov neeg uas xav npaj cov plag tsev thiab cov ntaiv hauv ib tus style, lawv cov cladding nrog cov phaj ceramic lossis plooj pob zeb. Votchchychi los ntawm ntuj pob zeb, nws yog cov khoom siv ruaj khov tiv taus tshuaj lom neeg thiab kev puas tsuaj.
Feem ntau ntawm cov neeg tsim khoom ntawm cov vuas hauv av yog ob qho tib si Lavxias thiab txawv teb chaws, muaj cov khoom lag luam hauv qhov loj 3030, 2030CM. Xws li cov ntsiab lus yog yooj yim, suav nrog cov qauv tsim ntawm cov ntaiv cov kauj ruam. Nws yog qhov zoo dua los xaiv cov vuas uas tsis huv. Cov neeg nyiam sov muaj txoj hauv kev los muab "ceramic" rhuab staircase.
Qhov yooj yim ntawm cov staircase yog txiav txim los ntawm ib pawg ntawm ob peb yam: kaum sab xis ntawm lifting /ntsej; Qhov dav ntawm cov zaj; muaj cov chaw puv chaw, cov chaw nruab nrab; Lub xub ntiag ntawm qhov chaw seem ntawm lub taub hau ntawm tus neeg nce siab; Lub laj kab nyab xeeb; Teeb pom kev zoo.
Nws yog pom tseeb tias maj mam ua kom yooj yim dua li ntxhab, kev xaiv zoo ntawm tilt rau lub tsheb taug kev yog 30-40. Yog tias tus qauv tsim los hloov cov neeg laus lossis xiam oob qhab, nws pom zoo kom nws ntau yam. Cov chaw nyob ntawm kev nqa tau cuam tshuam nrog qhov sib piv ntawm ob-ntu theem (riser) thiab qhov dav ntawm cov kauj ruam (steping). Rov qab rau hauv XVIiiveK, tus kws kos duab Fabkis Blondez suav cov qauv ntawm "architectural kauj ruam": g yog qhov siab ntawm kev nqa, thiab 5964 cm nruab nrab theem ntawm tus neeg. Tab sis piv nrog cov sij hawm deb nyob rau niaj hnub no, tsis yog qhov loj ntawm nws ob txhais ceg (yog li, qhov loj ntawm tus txiv neej laus yog 37-38). Yog li no tam sim no tam sim no yooj yim tshaj plaws stairs nrog ib tug riser tshaj plaws 14-17 cm thiab ib qho dav ntawm ib tug me nyuam yaus 34-37 cm.
Qhov kev cog lus tshaj plaws yog cov staircase nrog cov hloov pauv ("Goose") kauj ruam. Nws cov kauj ruam muaj cov qauv tsis yog rau lawv "siab" tus taw ntawm tsuas yog ib txhais ceg tsuas haum.
Rau ib zaj lus yooj yim ntawm ib tus neeg, nws qhov dav yuav tsum yog 70 -80 cm, rau ob- 120-150cm. Qhov kev ncua deb ntawm ib kauj ruam ntawm lub Peb Hlis thiab lub qab nthab yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg ob meters. Qhov kev ncua deb no nce yog tias tus neeg loj hlob loj dua 180cm. Cov kev tsheb nqaj hlau thiab Balasins muaj qhov siab ntawm 90-100 cm. Rau kev yooj yim txav ntawm cov tsev laus, qhov kev ncua deb ntawm lub balusters yog los ntawm 12 mus rau 25 cm.
Peb lub xyoos dhau los ntawm Lavxias kev ua lag luam muaj cov khoom tshiab - monolithic kauj ruam los ntawm plooj (porcelain). Lawv tau muab los ntawm Italian Factories IMOLA, Panaria, mirage Cerama thiab Lavxias teb "pob zeb dawb". Cov monolithic ntawm kev ua kom zoo nkauj ntawm kev ua kom zoo nkauj (cov nqaws tsis lwj lawv cov tsos) thiab dhau li, lawv tsis txhaws nrog cov xuab zeb thiab av nkos. Lawv tuaj yeem kho tau yam tsis muaj kev sib luag sib luag ntawm cov qhob puag. Rau kev tso kev tso nws raug pom zoo kom siv cov nplaum nplaum tshwj xeeb (piv txwv li, Atlas Plus los ntawm Polish tuam txhab Atlas lossis Kerafllex Italian tuam txhab mapei, kawg kim dua). Tus nqi ntawm ib qho Altair Porrite Phaj (Chaw tsim khoom-Imola Cerama) yog los ntawm $ 34. ITO yog tus nqi qis rau cov tub rog monolithic, tiav vim cov kauj ruam ntau lawm ntawm 33012502 hli thiab lawv qhov ntev ntawm cov ntaiv. Tus nqi ntawm cov kauj ruam ntawm lwm cov tuam txhab yog 2-3 zaug kim dua. Daim phiaj yuav xav tau raws li ntau cov kauj ruam koj tus ntaiv muaj. Cov neeg tsim khoom kuj muaj cov khoom lag luam - risers, lub plinths, cov kauj ruam loj, eaves. Tej yam kev pom zoo nplua, zoo li pob zeb, - cov lus pom zoo rau kev tsim kev nyab xeeb kev ua haujlwm zoo ib yam.
Hlau - cov khoom siv uas muaj zog tshaj plaws rau cov ntaiv. Cov kauj ruam nthuav tawm cov kev ua haujlwm sai yog ua los ntawm cov hlau (txhawb nqa khoom) thiab cov hlau cam khwb cia (puab hlau (puab Casting). Hlau laj kab feem ntau siv los ua ib qho keeb ntawm ib tsob ntoo staircase, pob zeb, ceramics lossis iav. Cov kev xaiv tseem ceeb rau cov laj kab yog qhov forging ntawm ferrous hlau, ib tus khoov polished profile lossis cov yeeb nkab ua los ntawm cov hlau stainless lossis tooj dag. Ntau cov kev sib txawv thiab kim kim ntawm cov tsis muaj hlau, nrog rau kev sib xyaw ntawm "Hlau-Ceramics". Qhov pheej yig tshaj plaws yog qhov ua kom tau qhov cuab lub zog, pas nrig, daim phiaj. Hlau kos duab ua cov tuam txhab, feem ntau ntawm lawv muab thiab laj kab rau cov ntaiv ("Lub Hoobkas ntawm German Art forging", "Lavxias Forging", "Fuystalsk").
Iav. Qhov no yog lub unconventional, avant-garde cov khoom siv rau cov qauv ntawm cov ntaiv. Rau kev tsim cov staircases, iav, tsim siv cov thev naus laus zis multi-txheej gluing tshuab ("triplex"), yog siv. Ob lossis ntau txheej ntawm cov iav ua ke nrog cov khoom siv polymer (qhov no yuav yog cov kua txiv polymer, tso rau ntawm cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg, muab tso rau ntawm cov cua sov, ua raws los ntawm cov cua sov hauv qhov cub tshwj xeeb). Lub intermediate txheej ntawm lub polymer yog ib tug txhawb caij thiab muab tus tsim ib tug tshwj xeeb lub dag lub zog, thiab kuj tsis pub iav tau tawg tsam rau crumble los ntawm lub tshuab. Rau kev tsim cov tsis-ferrous iav hauv cov kua polymer, core additives tau qhia. Qhov loj ntawm ib kauj ruam yog 15kg thiab ntau dua (nrog qhov loj me ntawm 100035028mm). Rau kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev txav ntawm cov kauj ruam iav, nws raug pom zoo kom muab cov ntaub pua plag anti-npleem cov ntaub pua roj av, cov khoom uas tsis poob qis. Ib qho ntxiv, cov ntaub pua thaiv tiv thaiv yuav raug tshem tawm iav los ntawm khawb. Tus nqi ntawm tus ntaiv yog qhov siab heev thiab xyaum tsis vam khom rau tus tsim xaiv los ntawm koj tus kheej yog cov iav kauj ruam lawv tus kheej (los ntawm $ 500 toj ib thooj). Cov tuam txhab Lavxias "San Xib Hwb" thiab "lub hnab" tau koom rau hauv kev tsim cov iav ntau lawm.
Kev coj ua
Kev tsim qauv, cov khoom siv, xim - tag nrho cov qauv no cov style ntawm cov ntaiv, uas zoo kawg yuav tsum sib phim rau cov ntawv sab hauv lossis txawm tias tus thawj lub tsev. Tsis muaj kev sib faib ua haujlwm nyuaj ntawm ntau yam qauv, tab sis tseem keeb kwm muaj qee yam ua ntej. Yog li, sab hauv classic yog txuam nrog cov ntaiv ntoo loj. Lawv dai kom zoo nkauj nrog kev nyuaj nyob rau hauv kev teeb tsa los ntawm Balasines, cov neeg nyiam cov fittings. Tus cab kuj ntawm txoj hlua muaj cov txheej txheem nyuaj. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov staircase yuav tsum muaj kuab heev thiab tsis muaj teeb meem tsis yog tsis paub. Chav classic-style muaj peev xwm tau dai kom zoo nkauj nrog stucco thiab dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cov ntoo ntoo nrog tib lub tsev muag khoom. Lub teb chaws-style sov thiab home cozy. Nws tau txais tos ntawm no rudely dyed pob zeb, tej kev sib tw tej hub nrog cuam tshuam zoo, tsaus nti chaw nrog cov cav me me lossis cov cav. Ntawm ob sab ntawm cov ntaiv dai cov khau khiab, pob paj ntawm cov xim qhuav lossis cov dos. Cov stylistics ntawm polished hlau, raws li cov hlau ua ke nrog iav yog ze rau cov kev sib tham ntawm "Techno" thiab siab thev naus laus zis. Forged hlau laj kab yog ib txwm muaj keeb kwm ntawm niaj hnub thiab Gothic yeej.
Cov nqi
Tus nqi ntawm tus ntaiv yog suav nrog tus nqi tsim tsim qauv, kev tsim khoom ntawm cov qauv tsim (cov hneev taw ntoo yog kim dua li serial), xa thiab teeb tsa. Ib qho yooj yim ib teev ntoo thuv staircase thaum muaj kev ncua deb ntawm cov tsev neeg yuav raug nqi rau $ 2,000 4,000, los ntawm cov ntoo tshauv lossis ntoo qhib - ntawm $ 6,000. Nws tseem raug lees txais los laij cov nqi ntawm ib 'meter' ntawm Lifting ntsug. Rau cov qauv ntoo, nws ntsuas qhov ntsuas $ 1500-2000 tauj ib meter, rau kev hnav khaub ncaws hlau, rau tag nrho cov hlau- $ 800-1500, rau pob zeb- $ 2500 -5, rau iav- $ 7000. Lub tsev loj ntawm cov nqi tsis muaj nyob. Feem ntau cov qauv muag hauv kev ua lag luam yog tso rau hauv ib lub sijhawm $ 5-6 txhiab $ 12-15 txhiab.Aws Stairs
Kev qhia tshwj xeeb thiab cov ntaiv ntaiv tau nthuav tawm nrog cov cai tshwj xeeb. Cov qauv siv no tau siv tsis tshua muaj, yuav tsum tsis pom thiab tsim cov kev ncaj ncees ntawm kev txuag chaw nyob hauv tsev. Enchanting nyob rau hauv ib tug tub rau khoom me me thiab yooj yim decompose thaum koj xav tau. Cov no yog cov khoom lag luam "txias" (lub kaum sab xis ntawm inclination ncav cuag 63-74). Nyob rau hauv Lavxias kev ua lag luam tau nthuav tawm los ntawm Alfa nplai (Ltalis), xyoo pua (Tebchaws Asmeskas (Tebchaws Asmeskas (Poland), Roto), Roto (Lub teb chaws Yelemees).
Nyob ntawm tus qauv tsim, lub nthab ntaiv yog telescopic (zawv zawg (folding (folding (folding) thiab raws li txoj kev fastening, built-in thiab txuas (tshem tawm). Txhawm rau nkag mus rau lub ru tsev, nthab ntaiv tau ua nrog cov ntaus ntawv thaiv uas tiv thaiv koj lub tsev los ntawm kev tso cai tsis tau tso cai. Lub Hoobkas ntaiv muaj qhov siab ntawm 250-350 cm, koj tuaj yeem xaj cov qauv ntawm lwm qhov ntau thiab tsawg. Tus ntaiv pheej yig tshaj plaws los ntawm tsob ntoo yuav raug nqi $ 100-200, feem ntau ntawm cov qauv muaj nyob hauv kev ua lag luam muaj nqis $ 300-400.
| Tawv | Lub teb chaws | Tus qauv | Kev tsim ua | Ntsiab lus | Ntaub ntawv | Fastening | Tus nqi khoom *, $ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albini Fontanot. | Ltalis | Kev ua si nawv | Tswj | Khiav ncej, khiav cov kauj ruam, fencing hom "Putherene" | Beech (bleached), txhuas | Rau hauv pem teb thiab sib tshooj | - |
| Alfa Scala. | Ltalis | Vania. | Tswj | Kev them nyiaj yug, cov kauj ruam, fencing nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm kauv-zoo li tus kheej | Tsob ntoo liab | Rau hauv pem teb thiab sib tshooj | 15000. |
| Cam khwb cia. | Ltalis | Mini Electra. | Marching, curvilinear | Kosur, cov kauj ruam, cov tsheb nqaj hlau, Balasins | Ncej, Perilan, Hlau, Ntoo | Rau hauv pem teb thiab sib tshooj | 7500. |
| Txoj kab | Fabkis | Prima. | Marsh, m-puab | Ob lub tsev pheeb suab ntaub, cov kauj ruam (13-14), risers, railing, balusters | Tarari (Brazilian Oak) | Rau hauv pem teb thiab sib tshooj | 2500. |
| Nelur | Ltalis | Nautilus. | Marching, curvilinear | Ob lub tes taw, Grooves, fencing hom "Putheene" | Atta, "Potine" -Metal, Cov kauj ruam, Raylen | Rau hauv pem teb thiab sib tshooj | - |
| Qhuav | Ltalis | Gara. | Marsh thiab tig 180 | Ob lub tsev pheeb suab ntaub (ib txuas rau phab ntsa), cov kauj ruam, risers, railing, siv tus ncej, balusters | Beech, wrought hlau (laj kab) | Rau hauv pem teb, phab ntsa thiab sib tshooj | 6000. |
| "Saib square" | Teb chaws russia | Kev txawv | Marsh thiab tig 180 | Ob lub tsev pheeb suab ntaub, cov kauj ruam, risers, siv tus ncej, balusters | Ntoo thuv / ntoo qhib | Rau hauv pem teb, phab ntsa thiab sib tshooj | 1600/4700. |
* - Cov khoom lag luam yog ib qho ntawm cov staircase nrog ib qho dav ntawm 1m, 3m qhov siab.
Tus kws kho ntawv kho ua tsaug rau lub tuam txhab "Academy of the Interiator", "saveCirel", "Saib square" rau kev pab hauv kev npaj cov khoom siv.