Sab hauv ntaiv: cov ntsiab cai ntawm architecture, cov ntsiab lus thiab ntau npaum li cas nws yuav tau txais nqi rau cov neeg siv khoom.
Kev nthuav qhia kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev kos duab, tus ntaiv xa rov qab mus rau hauv lub nroog chav thiab lub tsev ntiag tug. Cov ntsiab cai ntawm nws lub architecture, li cas nws tuaj yeem ua rau nws xav tsis thoob thiab nws yuav raug nqi npaum li cas rau cov qhua tuaj noj mov?
Lub nkoj, voj voog thiab screws
Tam sim no, cov cuab yeej ntawm cov ntaiv sab hauv yog nthuav rau ntau: tus neeg tsim tawm uas xav tau "nws txoj kev txiav txim siab muaj" hauv kev sib tham nrog cov kws kes duab kos thiab cov neeg tsim khoom; Tub lag luam ntawm ob chav kawm zoo thib ob "siab siab"; tus tswv ntawm cov tsev qub nyob rau hauv pem teb kawg, daws rau kev tsim kho ntawm nthab; Tus tswv ntawm ob chav nyob nyob ib sab saum toj ib qho, ua npau suav ntawm kev sib txuas nrog lawv mus rau hauv ib qho chaw nyob ib qho; Thiab los ntawm txoj kev, thiab tag nrho lwm yam xav paub.Los ntawm ntau ntau hom thiab hom, thawj zaug ntawm txhua qhov, xav txog qhov tseem ceeb thiab kev saib xyuas hauv qab ntawm 30-45 - tsawg kawg "thiab feem ntau pom tias yog cov npav hauv tsev lossis chav tsev.
Cov ntaiv sab hauv lub tsev yog taug kev, ncig thiab ntsia hlau. Cov qauv tsim ntawm cov duab sib dhos yog ua ib qho, ob, tsawg dua feem ntau - peb-zaug. Lub Peb Hlis Tuaj yeem ncaj, tawg, curvilinear. Thaum pib thiab qhov kawg, zoo li nyob rau hauv cov chaw ntawm kev sib hloov, cov ntaiv tau npaj rau kev ua si thiab qhovntsej yog lub surementclecular. Yog tias tus ntaiv los ntawm lub xaib tau muab faib ua ob lub Peb Hlis, lawv hais tias nws muaj ob ceg. Nws yog hu los ntawm, yog hais tias lub teeb pom kev mus dhau ntawm lub nkoj ntev thoob plaws hauv qhov siab, thiab qhib, yog sab nraud (sab nraud ntawm phab ntsa.
Lub voj voos thiab ntsia hlau ntsia hlau ib puag ncig hauv lub tsev feem ntau yog tib yam kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev kos duab raws li lub ntsiab (hauv ntej). Lawv qhov ntxhab yog tsis pub dhau 30-75. Lub platforms rau kev ua si tsis muaj kev ua si ntawm no. Kev nthuav tawm raws cov kauj ruam, uas nws cov kev tawm tsam sib txawv, tuaj yeem muaj teeb meem rau cov neeg laus, cov menyuam yaus, neeg xiam oob khab.
Lub voj sib txawv yog kev sib txawv los ntawm cov ntsia hlau: Thawj zaug muaj ib lub voj voog hauv nruab nrab, thib ob mounted ntawm cov kev txhawb nqa (chaw nruab nrab-txhawb nqa).
Ntawm tus ntaiv ntawm lub hom phiaj tshwj xeeb - cov neeg tua hluav taws, cellar, ntho nthab - peb yuav tsis tso tseg hnub no. Cov ntaiv ua tau zoo tsis yog tsim thiab tsim los ntawm ib tus neeg txiav txim, tab sis kuj tseem yuav hauv lub khw tshwj xeeb (yog tias lub qab nthab qhov kev sib ntsib tus qauv saws).
Los ntawm Balyasina mus rau Kourow
Txoj kev kos duab ntawm tus kws kes duab kos ntawd thiab muaj tias txawm tias yog qhov loj tshaj plaws thiab feem ntau cov stairful, lub teeb thiab huab cua. Kev txav ntawm nws yuav tsum qab ntxiag thiab tsis sawv cev rau kev phom sij. Kev ua kom zoo nkauj thiab cov qauv ua tiav tau tiav nyob rau ntau txoj kev.
Raws li txoj kev nrawm dua cov kauj ruam, tus ntaiv sib txawv hauv cov cosostters thiab kev loj hlob, ntawm cov bolsters (inexourous, cantilever, dai rau ntawm cov ntawv txhawb nqa, monolithic.
Ob lub nkoj thiab ncig ua si tuaj yeem sib sau ua ke ntawm lub hauv paus steel lossis pob zeb ua vaj tse, nrog rau ntawm cov hlau pob khawm. Cov tom kawg ua rau nws tuaj yeem xa ib qho txav mus nyob hauv qab qhov xav tau. Cov kauj ruam tsim qauv thiab cov kauj ruam kev nrawm yog txiav txim siab raws lub hauv paus vaj tse, dav dav lub hom phiaj thiab qhov kev tsim kho. Yog hais tias chav tsev yog dav thiab tsis muaj kev txwv nyob rau hauv nws cov layout, qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws Marching Staircase ntawm cov ntoo lossis steel nyuj. Lub Peb Hlis Ntuj ntawm Steel Central Kooker lossis Pob khawm Home yog qhov zoo uas cov teeb meem ntawm cov ntawv sau ua ke thiab phab ntsa (lossis raws li cov qauv tsim). Nws muaj peev xwm los pab txhawb kev tsim qauv, kom tshem tawm cov lus qhia loj heev. Hauv qhov no, qhov nyiam dua lub Peb Hlis lossis Lub Peb Hlis-ntsia hlau Staircase ntawm lub parodes. Rau cov tuam txhab peev, cov monolithic tsim ntawm txhua hom tuaj yeem muab pov rau hauv cov chaw tsim khoom los ntawm cov ntoo lossis cov pob zeb zoo nkauj ntawm lub teeb tsa.
Cov kauj ruam - qhov tseem ceeb ntawm tus ntaiv. Nyob ntawm cov duab, lawv yog ncaj, ncaj beveled, khiav thiab arcuate. Lawv cov nyiaj yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg yog peb thiab tsis muaj ntau tshaj 18. Cov lej no yog los ntawm kev taug kev ntev ntawm kev nqes hav thiab tau txais kev siv ntawm txoj kab nqes thiab tag nrho cov kauj ruam ntawm cov ntaiv tag nrho.
Nrog cov nyiam tshaj plaws ntawm txhua qhov kev tsis ncaj ncees - 30 - Qhov ntau thiab tsawg qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm cov riser thiab ntsia - 17 thiab 29 cm, feem. Qhov nce nyob rau hauv qhov siab ntawm theem los ntawm 1 hli yuav tsum tau txo nyob rau hauv nws qhov dav los ntawm 2 hli. Qhov dav ntawm cov kab nplaum feem ntau yog ua rau 3-5 cm ntau ntxiv ntawm qhov projection dav ntawm theem vim kev thov rov hais dua ntawm tus neeg saib xyuas OPPOMME.
Qhov siab ntawm cov kauj vab ncig thiab cov yeeb yaj kiab, yog li 20 cm, ntsuas ntawm cov kauj ruam nqa tawm ntawm 50 mus rau 100 cm. Qhov tob ntawm cov ntsia hlau staircase ntawm qhov deb ntawm 15 cm Los ntawm cov kem txhawb nqa yuav tsum tsawg kawg 10 cm. Lub ntug ntawm ntug kev Tangent cov kauj ruam nce lawv qhov dav.
Tus kws tsim khoom, tsim cov ntaiv, yog kev coj ua hauv lawv txoj haujlwm nrog cov cai thiab cov cai uas tsis zoo ib yam hauv tebchaws Russia thiab hauv Tebchaws Europe. Raws li European Din 4174, muaj cov hauv qab no ntawm qhov siab ntawm cov plag tsev thiab qhov loj me ntawm cov kauj ruam (tam sim no tau lees paub tias yog qhov tsis paub).
Qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov staircase nyob rau hauv lub teeb yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg yog 2 m. Qhov tsawg kawg yog ib tus neeg - 60 cm, 110 cm rau peb thiab 190 cm rau peb. Thaum lub cuab yeej ntawm ib leeg-teev stairs, qhov kev ncua deb ntawm phab ntsa rov qab yog tsawg kawg 110 cm.
Qhov siab ntawm tus tes tes (ntsuas tau ntsug los ntawm lo rau nws sab saum toj) yog tsawg kawg 90 cm. Tus tuav tes rau cov menyuam yaus yog qhov hloov ntawm 60 cm.
Tus taw qhia nqaim nrog lub Peb Hlis Ntuj ntawm 50 cm tuaj yeem tsim tsa ntawm qhov loj me ntawm 140 cm. Nws yog tsuas yog siv rau ib pab pawg ntawm 140 cm. Lub ntsiab ntsia hlau staircase, lub Peb Hlis Hidth yog tsawg kawg 80 cm, thiab lub taub ntawm span yog los ntawm 200 cm. Muaj kev xav tias tus tsiaj taw qhia uas cawm tau thaj chaw. Qhov no muaj tseeb tsuas yog nyob rau ntawm qhov siab ntawm hauv pem teb 3 m lossis ntau dua, txij li lub platform nyob nruab nrab, yog qhov yuav tsum tau tsim nyog rau lub Peb Hlis Tsim thiab nws tig hauv qhov chaw.
| Kom siab rau hauv pem teb, m | Ob-hnub ntaiv | Ib teev, ob-teev thiab nkhaus nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm stairs | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kev nqes hav ib txwm | Ntxhab | Kev nqes hav ib txwm | Ntxhab | |||||
| Tus naj npawb ntawm cov kauj ruam, PCs. | Qhov siab cov kauj ruam, saib | Tus naj npawb ntawm cov kauj ruam, PCs. | Qhov siab cov kauj ruam, saib | Tus naj npawb ntawm cov kauj ruam, PCs. | Qhov siab cov kauj ruam, saib | Tus naj npawb ntawm cov kauj ruam, PCs. | Qhov siab cov kauj ruam, saib | |
| 2.25. | - | - | 12 | 18.75 | 13 | 17.30 | - | - |
| 2.50 | kaum plaub | 17,85. | - | - | kaum tsib | 16,66. | 13 | 19,23 |
| 2,625. | - | - | kaum plaub | 18,72. | kaum tsib | 17,47. | - | - |
| 2.75 | kaum rau | 17,2 | kaum plaub | 19,64. | - | - | kaum tsib | 18.33 |
| 3.00. | kaum yim | 16,66. | kaum rau | 18.75 | 17. | 17.64 | - | - |
Ntoo, hlau lossis pob zeb ua?
Nws tsis zoo li uas ib tus neeg yuav sib cav nrog qhov tseeb tias Staircase hauv tsev yog ib qho qauv tsim qauv kos duab thiab kos duab. Feem ntau nws yog tus stylist hom thiab lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm sab hauv. Yog tias tus kws kes duab kos thiab cov neeg tsim qauv hla nws cov xim, lub tsev kho mob ntawm lub tsev tsis saib puv thiab ua tiav. Nrog kev pab ntawm tus ntaiv, koj tuaj yeem npaj zoning ntawm ib lossis ntau chav nyob rau theem sib txawv ntawm lub tsev. Nws tso cai rau koj kuaj lub tsev thiab nws cov nyob hauv nruab nrab hauv qhov chaw ntawm cov ntsiab lus sib txawv. Yog tias tus ntaiv yog qhov ua haujlwm ntawm kev kos duab, cov khoom ntawm qhov xwm txheej thiab cov khoom kos duab ntawm kev ua yeeb yam zoo sib xws yog muab pawg ib puag ncig.Nyob rau hauv ib tug zoo decorated sab hauv, nws yuav tsum tsis txhob saib stylementically stylish. Yog tias tus qauv tsim xeeb nyob hauv tus ntsuj plig classic, cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov classics yuav tsum tau nthuav dav ncig nws. Thiab rov ua lwm yam. Ob peb libations tso cai rau niaj hnub no, tab sis nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv txawv teb chaws thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua tiav rau cov staircase, piv txwv li, High-tech style. Ntawm qhov tod tes, cov style ntawm cov interiors ntawm cov qib sib txawv ntawm lub tsev yuav txawv. Hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, tus ntaiv tau hloov kho ib qho chaw ib puag ncig ib puag ncig. Cov teeb meem no tau daws los ntawm kev teeb pom kev zoo, xim, tsim ntawm cov ncauj lus ntawm cov ntaiv, thiab lwm yam.
Dab tsi yog dai ntawm tus ntaiv ntoo pib? Ua ntej tshaj plaws, los ntawm kev xaiv ntoo ntawm qhov xav tau yug thiab textures rau kev txhawb nqa qauv thiab ua tiav. Mus ob qho tib si muag daj (ntoo thuv, spruce, larch), thiab khoom (Oak, Beech, Maple, tshauv, CEDAR). Cov tom kawg yog qhov zoo dua, tab sis kuj tau txais nqi ntau dua. Qhov ua tiav tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm cov ntoo ntawm cov khoom sib txawv - cov txiv ntoo, txiv ntoo, thiab lwm yam. Rau cov rooj tog zaum zoo thiab lwm yam, tej yam tinquet, cov tintings thiab varnishes siv. Hauv cov qauv coj los sib xyaw ua ke nws tsis muaj fiber ntau cov coefficient thaum noo ntawm cov ntoo ntawm ntau hom ntoo yog qhov ua tau.
Nyob ntawm cov style, tus qauv tsim nyog raug xaiv. Piv txwv li, rau cov classics ze rau cov ntaiv ntawm kev loj hlob ib txwm thiab cosos, kom niaj hnub, txhawb nqa cov qauv. Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom muab kev nyiam rau kev daws teeb meem zoo nkauj rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov haujlwm tsim nyog. Nws yog qhov txaus ntshai rau kev tsis pom kev engineering yuav tsum muaj rau txoj kev ntawm kev ua kom nrawm: piv txwv li ntawm cov ntu theem sab hauv sab hauv ncej.
Lub dai yam ntxwv muaj ntau yam uas muaj ntau haiv neeg. Nrog rau ntawm cov ntoo rau kev tsim cov laj kab thiab ua tiav, werred cov txheej txheem nrog ntau hom galvanic cov khoom siv los ntawm ntau hom galvalx, acrylic thiab polycarbonate iav, siv roj polycarbon, crystal thiab ceramics, cov pob zeb muaj txiaj ntsig, cov pob zeb zoo nkauj. Hauv ntej, tus ntaiv yog ib qho tshwj xeeb yog ib qho kev tsim tshwj xeeb thiab kev ua yeeb yam keeb kwm ntawm sab hauv, uas nqus cov tswv yim thiab cov kev daws teeb meem zoo tshaj plaws.
Nrog nws lub tsev muaj ib qho kev kawm sib txawv. Kev lig kev cai, kev pleev xim lossis cov duab kos yog dai ntawm phab ntsa raws lub Rooj Choj Staircase: Portraits lossis kev tua tsiaj, nrog rau tua tsiaj txhu thiab riam phom tshiab thaum ub. Nyob rau hauv qab thiab sab saum toj platform, cov zaub sib xyaw ua kom zoo nkauj tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm cov phab ntsa ntawm phab ntsa. Tus qauv tsim ntawm lub ntsiab ntaiv pom tias lub xub ntiag ntawm kev nkag ntawm cov duab puab lossis teeb ci; Saum toj no, ntawm cov chaw, - tsom iav. Qhov dav Lumen ntawm lub Peb Hlis lossis tus ncej ntawm ib tus ntaiv ncig yuav tsum muaj teeb chandelier. Ntawm sam thiaj thiab antesole muaj nyob hauv staircase cascade, cov rooj tog rau kev ua si thiab cov chaw (rooj zaum (ib lub rooj) qee zaum ntsia. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov qauv ntsia hlau feem ntau yog ua kom zoo nkauj tsuas yog ua kom tiav ntawm cov phab ntsa: qhov kev txav ntawm lawv yuav tsum tau cuam tshuam los ntawm cov khoom ua yeeb yam.
Tsim thiab ua raws li cov cai ntawm cov architecture ntawm siab thiab kev tsim qauv, cov staircase ua lub hnub nyoog. Siv thiab qhuas nws txoj kev zoo nkauj yuav yog ntau tiam neeg ntawm lub tsev, koj tsev neeg.
Hu rau cov tub txawg
Lavxias kev ua lag luam nthuav tawm cov ntaiv loj tshaj plaws hauv ntau chav kawm - los ntawm cov neeg tseem ceeb rau cov khoom ntawm huab hwm coj series. Feem ntau, tus qauv tsim los ntawm txawv teb chaws yog ntoo yog qhov tsawg dua - hlau nrog lub pob zeb lossis pob zeb ua kom zoo nkauj nrog granite, marble, ceramics, iav.
Cov npe ntawm cov tuam txhab txawv teb chaws-manufacturers muab lawv cov khoom rau Russia yog qhov loj heev. Tag nrho cov ntawm lawv tau sawv cev hauv Russia cov tswv lag luam uas, nrog rau kev tsim qauv ntawm kev tsim qauv ntawm huab hwm coj los, " "CM-Square", "Hobbit", AS-Art, Klen Groadters - LLC Klen Grot, lesc, TPK Ruthen, LLC "StudioTum" , "CH.P.S." (Moscow), cov khoom lag luam twg yog cov pheej yig dua. Kev muag khoom hauv tsev (EKHO VEL LLP, OOO "Forging LLC, thiab lwm yam).
Cov tuam txhab tshwj xeeb tsis tsuas yog tsim cov ntawv sau ua haujlwm, cov qauv thiab tsim qauv thiab tshwj xeeb, tab sis kuj ua haujlwm nrog cov khoom lag luam khoom lag luam. Qee tus ntaiv muab rau hauv cov catalog ntawm cov kws ua lag luam txawv teb chaws saib tsis muaj tsawg gorgeous thiab stylish dua mercedes lossis porsche tsheb, uas tseem muaj hais txog. Nws yog txaus kom coj los ua piv txwv khoom kim heev ntsia hlau ntsia hlau thiab delta 2 / af produced los ntawm cov qauv thiab kev sib raug zoo series los ntawm ke.
Nws yog lub sijhawm los qhia meej ntau npaum li cas tus neeg yuav khoom nrog tus ntaiv diva. Nco ntsoov tam sim ntawd: Qhov kev lom zem no tsis pheej yig. Yog tias tus neeg yuav khoom noj qab haus huv tau txwv kom yooj yim txav los ntawm ib qib ntawm cov ntoo thuv uas muaj rau 3 m thiab ib qho dav ntawm 1 m "rub tawm" peb txhiab daus las. Yog tias koj ua tib yam ntawm cov ntoo qhib thiab nrog kev thov mus ua haujlwm ntawm kev kos duab - tus nqi yuav nce ntxiv rau xya txhiab. Ntshuam ntawm ntsia hlau diam rau 140 cm thiab 3 m siab sawv ntawm ob thiab ib nrab (hlau) rau plaub (ntoo) txhiab daus las. Cov ntaiv tsim nyog ntawm Lavxias kev tsim khoom ntawm txoj kev, nrog rau kev txawv teb chaws, tab sis kev tsim qauv loj heev - ob zaug ua haujlwm pheej yig dua. Raws li txoj cai, nyob rau hauv ib lub tsev loj ntawm ntaiv, muaj ntau tus nqi, nyob ntawm cov peev xwm ntawm tus tswv tsev, tuaj yeem muaj ob peb lub kaum ob ntau pua nyiaj.
| Raug ruaj | Yeej yaj kiab | Tswj | Ntoo | Hlau | Lwm tus |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alfa nplai (Ltalis) | +. | +. | +. | - | - |
| Alpini Fontanot (Ltalis) | - | +. | +. | - | - |
| Fimozzi nplai (Ltalis) | +. | +. | +. | - | - |
| Scala (Ltalis) | +. | +. | +. | - | - |
| T.A.I.l. DI Dusi comm. G.mpaig; c.s.n.c. (Ltalis) | +. | +. | +. | - | - |
| Nilur (Ltalis) | +. | +. | +. | - | - |
| Frewa (lub teb chaws Yelemees) | +. | - | +. | +. | - |
| Henke treppen (lub teb chaws Yelemees) | +. | +. | +. | +. | - |
| Kengott (Lub teb chaws Yelemees) | +. | +. | +. | +. | +. |
| Columbus treppen (Switzerland) | +. | +. | +. | - | - |
| Ntsev (Fabkis) | +. | +. | +. | - | - |
| SWN (Austria) | +. | +. | +. | +. | - |
| Coffman (USA) | +. | - | +. | - | - |
| Creative Ntoo (Canada) | +. | - | +. | - | - |
Cov kws kho mob ua tsaug cov khov kho "Putzoditsa" rau kev pab hauv kev npaj ntawm tsab xov xwm.