Peb qhia txog qhov zoo thiab kev pom ntawm cov kev tsheb nqaj hlau thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev tsim kho.
Yog tias kev ua lag luam ntawm cov tsev ncej classical thiab cov vaj tse nyob rau hauv Russia yog qhov tsim tau ntau dua li qhov kev thov, ces cov tuam tsev uas muaj ob peb cov tuam txhab.
Qhov Zoo Ntawm Kev Pab Cuam Tshuam Qhob Panels
Peb txhua tus paub zoo nrog cov vaj huam sib luag muaj ntau lub tsev, yog li peb paub txog qhov zoo ntawm cov phab ntsa no, lub zog ua kom ruaj khov thiab ua kom zoo nkauj thiab zoo heev thiab kev ua tshav dav dav. Phab ntsa ua los ntawm insulated finfulced qhob panels kiag li los ntawm kev ua kom muaj dej hiav txwv sab nraum zoov (tsis tas yuav muaj kev tiv thaiv ntxiv mus rau sab nraum zoov - tam sim ntawd tom qab lub ru tsev phab ntsa thiab ru tsev tuaj yeem tso cov cua sov thiab pib ua tiav haujlwm. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lub laj kab yog txhim kho nyob rau hauv ib qho teeb meem ntawm hnub - qhov twg tso ntawm cib lossis block yuav siv sijhawm tsawg kawg ib hlis.
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm lawv ntau lawm
Tus nqi ntawm 1 M2 ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag tsev me uas tsis tau noj rau hauv cov cuab yeej tsim txua equering thiab xaus rau tus nqi ntawm cov tsev ntawm cov roj-silate blocks.
Cov khoom siv rau cov phab ntsa sab nraud ntawm lub tsev tuaj yeem tsoos ua haujlwm siab rau peb txheej ua ke nrog cov rwb thaiv tsev zoo nrog GOST 31310-2015.
Lub sab nraud thiab sab hauv cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg ntawm cov txheej txheem xws li ib pawg tau ua los ntawm cov pob zeb hnyav nrog cov tub ntxhais ntaus pob zeb A500. Lub sab nraud thiab sab hauv w / w txheej txuas nrog txhua lwm yam nrog cov kab pheeb ces kaum ntawm cov hlau hlau lossis cov pob zeb txhawb nqa.
Kev xa cov vaj huam sib luag yog nqa los ntawm thauj tshwj xeeb (pawenelosomes), thiab kev thauj khoom - ib qho kev tsim muaj zog, pub dawb ntawm cov nroj tsuag txhawb nqa.
Qhov kev xaiv ntawm cov tsheb crane yog nyob ntawm qhov loj ntawm phab ntsa panels thiab qhov deb uas lawv yuav tsum tau tsiv mus. Raws li txoj cai, cov txheej txheem teeb tsa ntawm ib lub vaj huam sib luag siv sijhawm li 15-20 feeb, thiab lub installation ntawm cov qauv tseem ceeb ntawm cov qauv ntawm thawj hauv ib lossis ob hnub
Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov kabmob sab hauv cov hnoos qeev tseem tau ua nrog cov phab ntsa sab nraud.
Kev kho tau ib ntus kev hloov kho kom ruaj khov rau lub hauv paus thiab panels nrog anchors
Cov kev tsim kho cov yam ntxwv los ntawm kev txhawb nqa qhob slabs
Ntawm chav kawm, lub vaj huam sib luag lub tsev yuav tsum muaj kev ntseeg siab, hom uas yog xaiv tom qab kev sojntsuam geological ntawm lub xaib. Feem ntau cov feem ntau nres ntawm cov kab xev monolithic (tob hauv qab daus) lossis slab foundation.Raws li rau kev xaiv ntawm kev daws teeb meem architions, nws yuav tsis muaj peev xwm tsim tshwj tsis yog phab ntsa vojvoog, complex polyhedra, turrets. Txawm li cas los xij, txhawm rau txo tus nqi thiab nrawm ntawm kev tsim kho, nws yog qhov ntxim ntxub ntawm lub tsev, tso tseg cov kev teeb tsa, balconies (txawm hais tias nws yooj yim los npaj lub loggia. Txawm li cas los xij, vaj huam sib luag phab ntsa raug tso cai ua ke nrog Masonry - thiab tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem them taus cov cuab yeej ua vaj tse.
Tus kheej thiab serial
Qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm kev sau qoob loo-monolithic vaj huam sib luag yog tias cov qauv ntaub ntawv uas muaj cov duab kos ntawm txhua lub vaj huam sib luag, nrog rau kev sib dhos ua ke.
Cov neeg tsim qauv ntawm vaj huam sib luag tsev yog tsawg heev, thiab feem ntau lawv tau koom nrog kev lag luam ntawm kev lag luam thiab cov vaj ntau hom tsev. Ntawm ib sab tes, nws muaj qhov cuam tshuam zoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm zoo thiab ua raws li cov kev tsim kho. Ntawm qhov tod - ob qho haujlwm thiab kev tsim cov vaj huam sib luag raws li tus kheej cov duab kos tau kim. Nws yog qhov ua tau los txo tus nqi ntawm 1 m2 Vaj Huam Sib Luag tsawg-nce nyob rau hauv kev tsim vaj tse loj, tab sis tsis muaj kev lag luam rau nws.
Rooj sib sau
Raws li txoj cai, cov panels tam sim ntawd muab tso rau hauv lub hauv paus tsim rau txheej txheem ntawm kev daws teeb meem thiab yog tsau siv cov kev txhawb nqa ib ntus (pods). Tag nrho cov phab ntsa vaj huam sib luag ntawm ib chav tsev tau teeb tsa rau ib lossis ob hnub.
Hauv qhov no, rau cov vaj huam sib luag lub tsev ua los ntawm cov khoom siv, tab sis nws yog heev txhim khu kev qha ntawv Slab Foundation (phaj tuab 400 hli tuab 400 hli tuab 400 hli
Thaum lub sijhawm npaj rau lub teeb tsa ntawm vaj huam sib luag ntawm cov qhov cub kaw cov hlau saws
thiab ua lub markup ntawm lub txaj leeg. Tom qab ntawd pib txhim kho vaj huam sib luag hauv txoj haujlwm ua haujlwm
Rau kev sib txuas ntawm phab ntsa ntsiab, steel cable loops tau txais kev pab nyob rau hauv ib kauj ruam ntawm 400-500 mm ntsug. Lawv ntxig cov fittings ntsug. Cov nqaws ntawm cov panels kaw maj. Ua ntej, lawv sau cov formwork thiab sau cov docking nodes ntawm hauv pem teb (contour ntawm cov kab ke sab hauv ntawm panels) nrog hnyav. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, ib pab pawg-monolithic tsim yog tsim. Tom qab grappling pob zeb ua, txhawb nqa ib ntus raug tshem tawm thiab pib sib sau ua ke hauv pem teb hauv pem teb.
Teeb tsa cov panels yuav tsum muaj kev koom tes ntawm cov tswv yim muaj zog (tsheb crane los ntawm cov zaub mov xa tuaj txog li 120 thiab lub brigades ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm paub los ntawm plaub-rau tus neeg
Kev sib khi zaum kawg ntawm cov nqaws yog nqa tawm tom qab sib dhos lub thawv hauv tsev. Nyob rau theem no, qhov khoob ntawm lub contour ntawm rwb thaiv tsev los ntawm cov ntxhia plaub strips lossis polyurethane ua npuas ncauj. Hauv kev xaus, cov nqaws hauv cov txheej txheem hluav taws xob sab nraud yog Boosy los ntawm cov xim ntawm cov xim ntawm lub faub lossis (hauv cov fab) los kho cov vuas kom zoo nkauj.
Thaum sealing cov nqaws, cov formwork yog thawj teeb tsa thiab muaj cov pob zeb ua kom loj hlob ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sab hauv ntawm cov vaj tse
Hauv pem teb uas tau them nrog cov paib sib tshooj thiab cov pob zeb ua txhua yam docking, suav nrog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov paib (15, 16).
Ib pab pawg-monolithic tsim hauv pem teb yog tsim. Tom qab grappling pob zeb ua, koj tuaj yeem tua cov kev txhawb nqa ib ntus thiab pib tsim cov hauv tsev tom ntej.
Nrog kev ua haujlwm qis, qhov dav ntawm cov nqaws hauv nruab nrab yog tsawg dua nrog lub siab thiab tsuas yog 20-25 hli.
Tsis muaj dab tsi tiv thaiv cov neeg loj leeb rau panoramic glazing. Qhov rai thiab lub qhov rooj tau mounted hauv lub dav hlau ntawm cov rwb thaiv tsev kom tiv thaiv kom khov khov
Kev rwb thaiv tsev
Qhov nruab nrab txheej muaj cov rhaub - daim phiaj ntawm extrusion polystyrene ua npuas ncauj nrog ntsug thiab kab rov tav thiab cov kab rov tav ntawm cov khoom. Lub thickness ntawm rwb thaiv tsev yog txiav txim siab los ntawm cov cua sov kev xam thiab tuaj yeem ncav cuag 400 hli.Hauv kev teeb tsa yooj yim, ib qho 200 hli tuab tuab yog muab rau. Txawm hais tias siv cov ntxhia pob tw, uas muaj me ntsis thermal conductivity tshaj qhov Epps, cov kub hloov cov coefficient ntawm phab ntsa yog li 4.9 M² • ˚с / w. Qhov no yog ib qho thiab ib nrab lub sij hawm ntau dua li nws xav tau SP 50.13330.2012 "Thermal tiv thaiv vaj tse" rau cov tsev nyob rau ntawm lub tsev raj ntawm Moscow.
Sib tshuam
Cov vaj huam sib luag lub tsev npaj preasabricated overLaps ntawm PB thiab PC qhov cub. Xws li tus qauv muaj lub peev xwm zoo (lub nra tau muab tso cai rau 800 kg / M2) thiab zoo kawg nkaus cais cov suab cua cua.
Nrog kev pab ntawm ib lub phaj nrog ib tuab ntawm 220 hli, nws yog qhov ua tau rau overcell lub kiv cua txog li 10 m, li 10 m. Tus qauv dav ntawm cov slab nthab yog 1.2 m. Txuas ntxiv , Cov phiaj xwm muaj dav 290, 470, 650, 830, 1010 hli.
Khiav lub Staircase yog feem ntau manifested siv cov qauv PB Qhov cub PB Qhov cub Pb Qhov cub thiab PCs ntawm cov sib txawv ntawm cov phab ntsa thiab tshwj xeeb stackets
Tsis muaj teeb meem nrog lub cuab yeej ntawm lub qhov rais tso rau teeb pom kev zoo (thaum lub Peb Hlis Ntuj) - nws yog ua ib txhij nyob rau hauv cov panels ntawm thawj thiab thib ob hauv plag tsev.
Qhov tseeb ntawm txoj hauj lwm ntawm cov ntsiab ntawm lub tsev yog siab heev, thiab qhov dav ntawm cov nqaws tsis tshaj 25 hli
Sam lawj lossis lwm daim hlau nrog cov qauv txhawb nqa ib qho nrog kev tshawb pom (rau lub hauv paus lossis lub qhov loj ntawm lub taub) yog ua tsis muaj voop, nrog lub voj. Cov cuab yeej ntawm cov ntaiv ua ke suav nrog cov kab ntawv txhawb nqa lossis cov hlau lossis txhawb cov pob zeb tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv kab teeb.
Lub ru tsev tiaj uas npog nrog cov ntaub ntawv dov ntawm ib qho bitumen lossis polymer hauv paus nrog cov pa roj av thiab qhov cua ua kom zoo rau koj kom muaj cov dej ntws
Facade tiav
Vaj huam sib luag phab ntsa yuav sib cais los ntawm sab nraud los ntawm ntau txoj kev. Yog tias lub Hoobkas ua tiav yog qhov tsis tuaj yeem, nws yog qhov yooj yim los npog lawv nrog txheej txheej ntawm 10-20 mm, thiab tom qab ntawd cov kab ke ntawm lub ntsej muag (hauv paus ntsiab lus, yog tias koj ua Tsis siv zog rau qhov zoo tagnrho, koj tuaj yeem pleev xim phab ntsa tsis muaj daig). Tsis muaj ib yam dab tsi tiv thaiv thiab nruab pliav pob zeb facade nrog lub luas, piv txwv li, fibroterent panels lossis ntoo plaquen. Muaj tseeb, cov txheej txheem ntawm mounting lub thav duab (doomles) yuav yog qee lub sijhawm ntau dua li ntawm cov ntoo, ncej lossis npuas thaiv phab ntsa.
Feem ntau, txhawm rau ua kom nrawm dua kev tsim kho cov chaw sab nraud ntawm cov panels sib sau ntawm lub Hoobkas nyob rau hauv lub Hoobkas nyob rau hauv lub Hoobkas nyob rau hauv lub Hoobkas nyob rau ib tug neeg atmospheric ntawm cov xim sib xws.
Lwm txoj hauv kev kom sai tau ua tiav yog qhov kev tso ua ke ntawm cov aggregate. Nws cov essence yog nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim khoom, muaj kev tsim tshwj xeeb yog thov rau lub vaj huam sib luag, uas tiv thaiv cov txheej txheem sab saud nrog lub tob ntawm 3-5 hli. Tom qab teeb tsa ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag tau ntxuav tawm los ntawm dej siab, lub txiaj ntsig pob zeb uas muaj cov qauv zoo nkauj yog nthuav tawm. Rau cov vaj tse nyob rau hauv kev tsim kev lag luam kev lag luam, koj tuaj yeem xaj panels nrog cov qauv zoo nkauj uas tau thov los ntawm cov txhuam hniav tshwj xeeb rau qhov kawg.
Thaum kawg, Panels yog tsim nrog ua tiav kev ntsib los ntawm clinker lossis pob zeb pob zeb. Tom qab kev teeb tsa, nws tseem mus kaw cov khoom qub ntawm cov huab cua ntawm panels thiab nqaws.
Cov noob lub ru tsev yog npaj rau hauv txoj kev ib txwm muaj. Nws cov chaw nres tsheb feem ntau muaj Mauerlat thiab ntoo rafters, tom qab ntawd nyob rau hauv ib tug mob khaub thuas ib qho ua raws li doom thiab vov tsev. Lub ru tsev ntawm nthab, ntxiv rau, insululate cov ntxhia cov ntaub plaub ntawm rafters lossis ua npuas ncauj dhau rafyles
Pros thiab Consel ntawm Vaj Huam Sib Luag
zoo
- Kev siv kev tsim kho siab. Kev teeb tsa lub tsev ntawm lub tsev yog nqa tawm los ntawm ib lub lim tiam. Panels tuaj yeem muab nrog cov sab nraud ua tiav lossis ncej rau nws cov nrawm.
- Nruj thiab tshav kub zoo thiab ua kom sov zoo nkauj ntawm cov phab ntsa.
- Ib qho kev kub ntxhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov muaj peev xwm ntawm cov phab ntsa (tom qab ua cov huab cua hauv cov chav sai sai ua ntej).
- Lub zog siab, hluav taws kub kev nyab xeeb thiab kav lub ntsiab ntawm lub tsev.
- Muaj peev xwm ntawm kev tso chaw ntawm kev sib txuas lus, yooj yim ntawm kev teeb tsa ntawm lub qhov rais thiab lub qhov rooj, sab hauv kho kom zoo ib yam li hauv cov chav hauv nroog.
Qho tseem ceeb
- Cov panels tsis yog npaj los tsim cov kws ua vajtsev uas tsis tau ua haujlwm (peb nco ntsoov tias tsis kam ua haujlwm thiab cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub facade yog ib qho tseem ceeb European architectural sib txawv).
- Qhov kev txiav txim siab ntau ntawm cov phab ntsa, vim tias nws tsis tuaj yeem siv qee hom hauv lub hauv paus (piv txwv li, hnav, ua rau muaj kev sib daj sib deev
- Cov kev nkag tau zoo yog xav tau thiab lub tsheb loj rau lub tsheb crane.
Lub vaj huam sib luag thev naus laus zis yog txig sib xyaw ua ke nrog xws li cov qauv ua yeeb yaj kiab uas tau ntws raws li Cubism. Txhua yam kev tsim kho muaj cov khoom lag luam tseem ceeb ntawm kev nqa khoom, thiab nws yooj yim los npaj lub tiaj (suav nrog cov haujlwm) ru tsev los ntawm txhawb cov qhob pob zeb
