Timalemba zolakwika zazikulu zomwe zimaloledwa pomwe zimamanga nyumba kuchokera ku konkriti wa cell konkriti, komanso kupereka malingaliro momwe angazipewe.
Kuchokera ku konkriti yam'manja kumamanga nyumba zonsezi ndi nyumba zokhalamo. Poyamba, m'malo a nyengo yakutali ya ku Russia, makoma amapanga makulidwe a 30 cm, wachiwiri - 375 ndi zochulukirapo (kapena zotsekemera kunja). Chithunzi: YTOng.
1. Kusankha kolakwika kwa mtundu wa maziko
Mabatani opangidwa ndi konkriti konkriti ali ndi mphamvu zochepa, ndizosakhazikika kuti zisagwedezeke katundu. Chopindidwa kuchokera ku zinthuzi cha khoma sililoleza kusokoneza kulikonse ndipo ndikosavuta kusweka ngati maziko a nyumbayo ayamba "kusewera". Kuchokera pamenepa, njira yoyipa kwambiri ya maziko ndiyabwino kwambiri, makamaka ngati sizabwino pa chiwembu chilichonse ndi Geology (dongo lamadzi). Maziko a ufawa ndiwodalirika, koma ndi wowawa utoto, pomwe ufa wa chisanu samachita. Ndikoyenera nyumba ya zingwe za foack ndikuyika maziko a slab.
Chimodzi mwazosankha zoyenera pa maziko pansi pa nyumba yokhotakhotakhota ndi phala lamoto (uch). Chithunzi: Miyala.
2. Kusasamala zakuda zamakhoma kuyambira pa maziko
Konkriti yam'manja imakhala ndi hygroscopicity, ndipo pamtambo wocheperako kapena molakwika molakwika cha chipale chofewa), chomwe chimachepetsa kwambiri kutentha kwamitundu ya mpandawo ndikuchepetsa nthawi yake.
Kuyika kwa mabatani kukuyenda kangapo mwachangu kuposa njerwa. Chithunzi: YTOng.
3. Kugula kwa zinthu zochepa
Kumanga midadada kuchokera ku konkriti kochokera konkriti komanso, kutengera mtengo wa gawo ili, agawika m'mitundu itatu:
a) Kutulutsa kwa mafuta (kachulukidwe kakang'ono katatu / M³, M³, Brand D300, D350, D400 malinga ndi GOST 25485-89),
b) Kutentha kwamagetsi (Brands D500, D600, D700),
c) zojambula (zojambula D800 ndi zapamwamba).
Pakumangamanga, monga lamulo, block black d400 ndi d500, kalasi yamphamvu mphamvu B1 kapena B1,5, amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Potsatira ukadaulo wolimbikitsa, makoma a zinthuzi amatha kuzindikira mphamvu katundu yemwe akukwera munyumba yotsika kwambiri. Vuto ndilakuti pogula kudzera pazangana zazing'ono pali chiopsezo chogula zinthu m'munsi kapena pachimake cholongosoka. Kodi chimawopseza chiyani? Makoma opangidwa ndi zopondera zotsika kwambiri amapatsana zinthu zazikulu (zomwe zingakhale, mwachitsanzo, kulimbikitsa Windows ndi zipwirikiti nthawi zambiri, gwiritsani ntchito othamanga, osakhala nawo.
Chifukwa chake, kuti ayitanitse mtanda wa zokhotakhota kuyenera kukhala pafakitale kapena poyimira wopanga. Ndipo ngakhale pamenepa sizingakhumudwitse makope a makope a kutsatira kwa Gist ndi kudziyang'anira pawokha ndikuyang'ana zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zolimba.
Chotupacho chikuyenda ndi hacksaw ndi mano akulu osangomaliza. Chithunzi: YTOng.
4. Kusasamala kwa mitundu ya geometric ya mabatani
Mabatani a konkriti yopangidwa m'mafakitale ang'onoang'ono amadziwika ndi kusakhazikika kwa kukula kwa geometric. Kusinthanitsa mizere, mabatani akuyenera kuyika pamtunda wakuda (mpaka 10 mm) wosanjikiza, zomwe zimawonjezera kusakaniza kwa matenthedwe osakhazikika a khoma.
Kuphatikiza pa ma saone, zida zam'maso za m'mada zimaphatikizapo maselo apadera, zotchinga, tirigu, zowongolera (stub), Xyman, wosakanizira yankho ndi mulingo. Chithunzi: YTOng.
5. Mangani pa yankho la sandcate
Pa ntchito yomanga mafuta a Autoclave Gaell, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito guluu labwino (makamaka, yankho la simenti, koma ndi cholunjika ndi zosewerera komanso zowonjezera zomwe zimachepetsa mphamvu). Kuphatikiza apo, ndizotheka kukonzekera "yofunda" yofunda ndi yotsika kwambiri (mwachitsanzo, mchenga wa Perlite) ndi ma pulasitiki.
Makulidwe a seams mukagona pa tercirate solution sayenera kupitirira 5 mm. Chithunzi: YTOng.
6. Kupanga zomanga popanda kukongoletsa kapena kukhazikika kwa makoma
Zimafunikira kulimbikitsa woyamba ndi mzere wachinayi wamkati uliwonse wa maso, onetsetsani kuti muli ndi mzere pansi pa mawindo ndi magawo omwe amathandizidwa ndi ma jumses pamachitidwe. Kuti alimbikitsidwe, ma baaltoplastic kapena ma cell ena opanga zitsulo zowonda ndioyenera, komabe, ndizodalirika kugwiritsa ntchito zitsulo za 8-10 mm makulidwe a seams) omwe amapangidwa ndi shutter kapena wamagetsi.
Njira yabwino kwambiri yolimbikitsira yomanga ndi ndodo ziwiri zophatikizika. Chithunzi: YTOng.
7. Kuchotsa mitengo yonyamula katundu (intaneti, intunic) mwachindunji kutseka makoma
Pakati pa pansi komanso pansi pa tsache, ndikofunikira kuthira kuthira malamba olimbikitsira konkriti. Kuti zitsamba izi zisakhale milatho yozizira, imatalikirana ndi msewu wa mumsewu ndi chithovu cha polystyrene. M'nyumba ya mabatani a mpweya wa D400, kuwonjezera, ndikofunikira kulimbitsa chitseko cha ittit, komanso kutalika kwa ma 1.5 m. Kutsitsidwa kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito olimbikitsidwa Zojambula ku konkriti, mafelemu oweta kuchokera kuzitsulo kapena ma kilomita abodza.
Zonunkhirazo zimaphatikizidwa bwino ndi mitengo yazitsime zokhala ndi ma cell okwera kwambiri okhala ndi zitsulo zolimbitsa thupi kapena ma block-topys. Chithunzi: YTOng.
8. Parroutlation ya makoma kunja
Chuma chimatha kunyamula chinyezi mosavuta pamlengalenga komanso chimapereka mosavuta. Komabe, ngati mungatsekereze kunja ndi zinthu zotsika mtengo, ndiye kuti adzatengedwa ndi chinyezi (makamaka kuchokera ku mpweya), koma zimayimitsidwa kuti ziume. Zotsatira zake, mikhalidwe yamakhalidwewa amaliwirira, ndipo makhoma adzayamba kuwuma. Kuti mupewe, mukadutsa malinga ndi njerwa za njerwa kapena kukweza mawonekedwe okwera, muyenera kupereka njira yopumira ya 20-40 mm. Kwa hydro wakunja ndi zodzikongoletsera (pansi pakongoletsedwa ndi zokongoletsera ndi zida zofananira), mepor-nembano lovomerezeka kuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Makoma ofunda omwe amapangidwa ndi ma cellula ang'onoang'ono a cellular ndi pafupifupi zero vapor, osafunika kwambiri.
Monga kukumbutsa kunja, ndibwino kusankha mitengo yazovala kuchokera ku ubweya wa mchere. Chithunzi: Dorken.