Mulole moto ukhale: sankhani njerwa ndi matope a ntchentche ndi malo oyaka moto

Chitofu chopanda cholakwikacho ndi cholakwika, koma kuchokera ku bata losayenera kapena njerwa zosayenera zimatha kuyambitsa vuto lalikulu, mpaka kuwopsa.

Mulole moto ukhale: sankhani njerwa ndi matope a ntchentche ndi malo oyaka moto

Chithunzi: StudTerock / Photodom.ru

Kutentha kwambiri kumatha kubweretsa chiwonongeko cha zinthu. Chifukwa chake, kusankha koyenera kwa njerwa ndi mfundo yofunika kwambiri mukamamanga nyumba.

Njerwa

Choyamba muyenera kusankha mtundu wa njerwa, chifukwa njerwa ya ntchentche ndizosiyana ndi kutentha kwamoto. Imakakamizidwa kupirira kutentha pamwamba pa 1000 ° C ndipo sikuyenera kukhala wamisala mukamatenthedwa ndikudula kuzizira. Zinthu zomangazi ndi miyala yopanga zopangidwa ndi mchere wachilengedwe ndipo ili ndi mawonekedwe oyenera a geometric. Pakupanga njerwa, dothi loyikidwa m'manda okhala ndi aluminiyamu oxide, alumina ndi silika, manyazi, ndi zodetsa zina zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zithunzi Zazinthu 230 × 114 kapena 250 × 120 cm, kutalika 65 cm.

Chithunzi: StudTerock / Photodom.ru

Pamene ntchentche yolimba ndi malo oyaka moto, mitundu itatu yayikulu imagwiritsidwa ntchito - Chamotte, ng'anjo ndi nkhope. Chamotal (Recoctory) njerwa zimawerengedwa bwino kwambiri pamoto ndi chimtchine ndi miyala yamoto. Ngati nkhaniyo ili yabwino, itha kuyikulungitsani ndi uvuni yonse. Njerwa ndiyabwino kutentha mpaka 1600 ° C popanda kuwonongeka ndi mawonekedwe a mitembo chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa dongo loyenera, kusunga katundu pambuyo pa kutentha kochuluka ndi kuzizira. Kuphatikiza apo, moyenera kumakhudzana ndi mavuto a alkalis ndi acid sing'anga. Ndiosavuta kusiyanitsa njerwa ya Chamotte: Kalatayo ilipo pachitsamba chake, chilembo, chilembo, chilembo chokwanira mpaka 1400 ° mpaka 1350 ° C.

Chithunzi: StudTerock / Photodom.ru

Ndizotheka kudziwa kuti zinthuzo zatenthedwa, mu zizindikiro ziwiri. Choyamba, pamene malonda agunda, chinthucho chimafalitsa phokoso lalikulu ndipo chimasweka m'matumba opanda zinyenyetse, osagwa. Kachiwiri, ili ndi mtundu wachikasu. Mthunzi wopepuka umanena za kuwombera kosakwanira. Chimponse chinapangidwa kuti chigombe cha ng'anjo, ndi njerwa zomwe zimapereka kufanana kwa mtima ndi kufalikira kwabwino kwambiri m'chipindacho. Ili ndi njerwa yofiyira kwathunthu yokhala ndi kachulukidwe kakang'ono ndi mayamwidwe otsika. Kwa ntchentche, zopangidwa ndi mtundu wa M200, M250 nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kusamutsa kutentha kwa 0,61 w / (m * ° C). Pokhapokha ngati izi kapangidwe kamakhala ndi kutentha komanso kulimba.

Pa zokongoletsera, ng'anjoyo imagwiritsidwa ntchito, ngati lamulo, nkhope yanu (mwala wokongoletsera), yomwe imasiyanitsidwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Itha kukhala ndi mawonekedwe oyipa kapena osalala, matte kapena ndi mawonekedwe. Zinthu zomwe zimapangitsa apatse malo oyatsira moto kapena ng'anjo ya payekha ndi kukongola kwake. Kuyang'ana njerwa ndi mitundu iwiri - nkhope ndi osagwirizana. Njerwa ya nkhope imasiyanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe osalala ndi kukula kwamphamvu. Kuphatikiza pa zinthu zafomu zachikhalidwe, opanga amabala zinthu zowoneka bwino kapena miyala yozungulira, yokhala ndi mafinya kapena malo owoneka bwino, mtundu wake umasiyana chikasu chakuda. Nthawi zambiri zokumana ndi masitovu ndi malo oyaka moto, mumasankha ndevu za nkhope. Njerwa njerwa ya nel imakhala ndi mthunzi wa ishomineoous komanso kapangidwe kake. Mtengo wake, kumene, ndi wotsika, koma poyika zovuta zina zimawonekera chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa mawu ndi ming'alu. Chamotte njerwa sichimagwiritsidwa ntchito poti ali ndi vuto lalikulu kutentha, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti makoma a poyatsira moto kapena chitofu chidzaphulika mwamphamvu.

Yankho la masoni

Mng'anjo yothetsera vuto iyenera kuonetsetsa kuti njerwa zodalirika zokhala nazo, komanso zolimbana ndi kutentha kwambiri. Kwa zaka zambiri, kusakaniza kwa dongo ndi mchenga kumawoneka ngati kapangidwe kotere. Chosavuta, komanso mtundu wokwera mtengo udzakhala wogula yankho. Zogulitsa zabwino zimakhala ndi ma pulasitiki wamba, sizimawoneka ngati kuyanika, sikuwononga mothandizidwa ndi kutentha kwakukulu. Pali mitundu yopangidwa kukonzekera yomwe zinthu zomwe zimatsukidwa kale ndikukhuta, ingowasakanizani ndi chosakanizira. Ngati mukufuna kupulumutsa ndipo muli ndi mwayi woti mudumphe dongo kutali ndi malo omanga, mutha kupanga yankho. Koma choyamba muyenera kuchititsa zinthu zosavuta kudziwa kuchuluka kwa mchenga ndi dongo. Zigawozi ndizomwe zimayambitsa. Ndikwabwino kugwiritsa ntchito sive womanga ndi 3 × 3 maselo kuti ayike tinthu tating'onoting'ono. Kenako ikani dongo. Imathiridwa ndi wosanjikiza ndi makulidwe pafupifupi 10-20 masentimita ndikuthiridwa ndi madzi mpaka madzi samaphimba dongo. Kuchokera pamwamba pangani mbali ina mwanjira yomweyo. Pakatha tsiku, mchenga umawonjezeredwa kutsetsereka muyezo womwe umachitika chifukwa cha zokumana nazo. Mutha kuyesa kuyesa komwe kumawonetsa kusakaniza kwa osakaniza. Wothetsa njira amagwiritsidwa ntchito njerwa ndipo itaimitsa mothandizidwa ndi thunthu, amayang'ana mphamvu ya clutch yawo. Kuwoneka kwa miyala kumawonetsa kuti ndikofunikira kusintha kuchuluka kwa mchenga wowonjezedwa.

Kuwongolera kwapadera

Mtundu wa kulemba njerwa komweko kungakulidwe. Ikani njerwa zingapo zingapo ndikugogoda nyundo pa iwo. Mukamamenya njerwa yolondola, ndidzakhala ndi mawu omveka komanso oyera, ofanana ndi magalasi a kristalo. Njerwa yoyipa idzamveka kwambiri ngati kapu yagalasi. Zogulitsa siziyenera kukhala zochokera ku nyundo. Njerwa yapamwamba kwambiri, mawonekedwe oyenera, alibe tchipisi, ming'alu.

Choyamba

Mwachangu woyika uvuni wapamwamba kwambiri osasuta ndipo amagwira ntchito zoposa 12. Zambiri zimatengera kulondola kwa kuchotsa koyamba. Pachifukwa ichi, kangapo kubwereza kuzungulira komwe kumatha ozizira osakwanira, koma yunifolomu yonyamula moto. Zozungulira ziyenera kuchitika ndi nthawi yopuma, pafupifupi wina ndi mnzake. Pankhaniyi, chinyezi chambiri, chomwe chili pang'onopang'ono, pang'onopang'ono chimayamba kusintha, ndipo njerwa ndi yankho zimapeza monolith.