Masiku ano, nyumba za payekha zimamangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito matenthedwe a saip-mapanelo amawu ndi imodzi mwamphamvu kwambiri ndipo nthawi yomweyo zimakhala zotsika mtengo. Kukonzekera kapangidwe kawomba kayendedwe ka mpweya, simungangopanga malo abwino okhala, komanso sungani pakutentha.
Chithunzi: malingaliro a nyumba yanu
Lingaliro lopanga ma sundlich mapilogalamu a sandwich (Spectod Aner - SIP, mu Chidule cha Russia - SIP) idapangidwa ku USA. Mu 1935, zigawo zakunja za sangweni zomwe zimapangidwira kutentha -Kuthandizira zinthu. Zaka makumi apitako, ukadaulo wamalizidwa mobwerezabwereza (kapangidwe ka zigawo zakunja ndi zakunja) zidasinthidwa, koma zidayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuyambira 1982, pomwe chomera cha Edison OSB chidapangidwa ndi matovu oyambira (Osgo? ). Kuyambira tsopano pa kuti sip kachitidwe ka SIP kulipo mu mawonekedwe omwe tikudziwa tsopano - mbale ziwiri, zomwe zimakhala zosanjikiza za polystyrene zimayikidwa. Masiku ano, ukadaulo wagawidwa m'dziko lathu. Komabe, kuwonjezera pa othandizira, amakhalanso ndi otsutsa omwe amakhulupirira kuti mnyumba zopangidwa kuchokera ku Sip-Panels ndizosatheka kukhala ndi moyo. Choyamba, zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mapanelo zimatalikirana ndi mpweya monga phenolhyde ndi styrene. Kachiwiri, pafupifupi kapangidwe kanthawi kochepa, thermoros chabe wopumira. Werengani kuwerengera zolakwa za Sip-zoti, mwina, sitingatero, koma bwino lingalirani njira zowathetsera.
Kupanga kwa SIP-Panels
OsP-Guand (bolodi yolunjika - OSB) amakakamizidwa motsogozedwa ndi kutentha kwa kutentha kwa nkhuni. Amapangidwa kuchokera ku chip chopapatiza (makulidwe 0.5-0.7 mm, kutalika mpaka madontho angapo: zakunja), mkati mwake mumayikidwa mbali imodzi ya mbale, ndipo mmalo amkati ndi omalizirawo. Kapangidwe kotereku umapereka ma mbale ofunikira (amaperekanso katundu), mphamvu (imateteza m'mphepete kuchokera ku tchipisi), kusakwanira kwa shrinka ndi kusweka. Kuphatikiza apo, ma slab-slass ali ndi mphamvu kwambiri (ndiye kuti, amatha kugwirira misomali) ndi kukana) ndi chinyezi (chotupa chotupa chikakhala m'madzi kwa maola 24, kutengera mtundu wa 10%, Zinthu siziwononga ndikusunga mphamvu), ndipo osatengeka ndi kuvunda. Ndiwokhazikika pokonza: ndikosavuta kudula komanso kuda nkhawa, zitha kukhala ndi nkhawa komanso kudetsedwa ndi nyimbo iliyonse yomwe mukufuna nkhuni. Kuwerengetsa moyo wambiri - zaka zoposa 100.
Makona akunja ndi m'mphepete mwa nyanja adalekanitsidwa ndi mafayilo apadera (omwe akuphatikizidwa mu dongosolo la ERFURT Forge) okhala ndi gululi
Mwa mitundu isanu yokha ya oss-slabb yomwe ili lero, ndikofunikira kulabadira OSB Eco, zopangidwa ndi zinthu zamakono zomwe zimakhala ndi ma phenol formaldehhyde kulumikiza tchipisi. Kuchokera ku mbale kotero kuti zigawo zakunja za sip-mapanelo ziyenera kupangidwa, kenako osayenera kuyankhula za phenolic komanso formaldehhyde mlengalenga.
Kuyika mapaipi
Mapaipi olumikiza kudzera mu matepi omalizira ndi chochitika chotsika mtengo komanso chotsika mtengo. Ndikosavuta kuti muwayendetse mafomudwewo, malo othirira maderawo ndipo pambuyo pake zitangotsanulira mu mawonekedwe a konkriti. Chifukwa chake omanga nyumba adadza, mapaipi akunyamula mkati mwa malowo poyatsira moto.Polystyrene chithovu - kutentha ndi zinthu zomveka bwino, 98% zimakhala ndi mpweya komanso zotanulira. Kwa zaka zopitilira 60, sizigwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri osati pomanga, komanso pazakudya zamankhwala. Popanga mapanelo okhazikika okhazikika okhazikika, muyenera kusankha nsapato za polystyrene ya PSB-CCF 25, yomwe ili ndi chizolowezi chopulumutsa (chosaposa 0.039 w / (m • (m • (m • (m • (m • (m • (m • (m • (m • (m • (m • (m • (m • (m • (m •) ndi mawu oyambira. Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa nkhope ya polystyrene polystyrene chithovu chachilendo - kachulukidwe kambiri (15, 1-25), ndipo chifukwa chake, mphamvu ya 10,1 MPA, ndikugwada - ku osachepera 0.18 MPA), kulimba (kukana kunyamula katundu, kusunganso kutentha kwamphamvu), chitetezo chamoto (chimakhala ndi mawotchi ogwirira ntchito). Chifukwa cha kutentha kocheperako (ndi voliyumu - osapitilira 2% mu maola 24), sing'anga wa timicryti yophuka microorganisms sikuti kuvunda, sikukuwuka, ndikusenda mosamala.
Domoconkt
1. Mafuta a Sip-Panel: 214 mm - pamtunda wokulirapo ndi madenga (olimbikitsidwa); 164 mm - pa zakunja ndi makoma amkati; 124 mm - zogawa. Kukula kwakukulu ndi 2.8 × 1.25 m. Osp-mbale makulidwe - 12 mm. 2. Masamba owombera mitambo 100 × 80, 140 × 80 ndi 190 × 80 mm. Adatseka malekezero a ma panels kuti awalumikizane nawo. Chifukwa chake mwa kapangidwe kazipinda, chimango chidapangidwa mu gawo la 1250 mm, mitengo - 625 mm.
Sitikuyandikira tsatanetsatane wa zinthu zomwe zikuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga sip-manel. Kusankha gulu pomanga nyumbayo, afunseni ogulitsa ndi zomwe adalemba, zomwe adapangidwa, komanso mawu opanga (mbale siziyenera kukhala zopangidwa mwachindunji pa malo omanga, koma mu Mikhalidwe ya fakitale - pa atolankhani). Ngati zofunikira zonse zikuonedwa, ndiye kuti simungamve chisoni kugula. Eya, malo osindikizira osindikizira osamala a mapanelo ndi mpweya wodalirika udzakhala wowonjezera wowonjezera wa dziko loyera.
Makina Owona: Igor SIGHHhagigin / BRETA Media
Mchenje wa makina mu dongosolo la dongosolo: 1 - madzi owotcha madzi; 2 - Gulu la ndege (avn); 3 - Thunthu likudyetsa mpweya. 4 - Ma Ducturence a Ductures a Durk; 5 - Ma grilles a kupezeka kwa mpweya wabwino; 6 - Matambo a kudya mpweya; 7 - ndemanga yapaintaneti; 8 - Kukonzanso (mwakufuna); 9 - njira yolowa m'malo mwa mpweya wabwino; 10 - Compressror Condrans Unit of thermal Air Pup Pup "Air-Air"
Nyumba zopangidwa ndi ukadaulo wa Sip zitha kugwira ntchito kutentha kuchokera -70 mpaka +8 ° C. Amakhala omasuka kukhala ndi nyengo yayikulu kwambiri
Ndi zovuta zina - pafupifupi zero mapaindo ndi kudzikuza kwa zida zosonkhanitsidwa zomwe zimasonkhanitsidwa kuchokera ku Sip-Panels - mutha kumenya nawo m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, tsegulani mazenera kapena mawindo. Njirayi ndi yothandiza (yoyesedwa ndi zaka zambiri), koma osakhala abwino kwa okhala mnyumbamo, makamaka nthawi yozizira: sanatsegule zenera - mchipindacho, ozizira. Kuphatikiza apo, Iye, mwatsoka, ndi wokongola kwambiri - tamasulidwa m'dzanja, mwalipira mwachikondi chifukwa cha ndalama zopeza.Malankhulidwe
Kuti muyambitse mapaipi ndi zingwe zamagetsi kuchokera ku basepace mkati mwa nyumbayo, mu ma cosp mapaumu am'munda okwera kale musanaziyike, kumwa komwe kumayenderana. Pambuyo kukhazikitsa udindo wa kulumikizana kudzera mu kugundana, chithovu chidasindikizidwa, kenako ndikulimba, iwo adapangidwanso chifukwa chosunga zotuwa zokutira.
Kodi zikutanthauza chiyani pamenepa? Omasuka - Ili ndi pobwerera kunyumba (zilibe kanthu - kuchokera kuntchito, kuchokera paulendo wabizinesi kapena tchuthi chambiri), ndipo m'zipinda zonse zimatentha komanso mpweya wabwino. Kupanga ma vicceclimati kungapangidwire, kunena, popanga mnyumba mosadalira dongosolo la kutentha kwa zoperekera zakudya. Koma zopindulitsa kwambiri, monga akatswiri atsimikizire, kupangira kukonzekeretsa dongosolo la kutentha pamodzi ndi mpweya wabwino. Kodi nchifukwa ninji muyenera kusankha zochita ngati izi?
Makina Owona: Igor SIGHHhagigin / BRETA Media
Ndikotheka kulinganiza zomwe zimasintha pogwiritsa ntchito voliyumu ya mpweya idapereka kuchipinda chilichonse. Zokwanira kudyetsa ndi kubweza ma ducts aiwo amagwiritsa ntchito mavuvu
Kutentha kwa mpweya kumapangitsa kuti pakhale makina olimbitsa thupi mu chipinda chilichonse chipinda chogona chilichonse, ndikukhazikitsa njira zoyenera kutentha (3-24 ° C), chinyontho chochepa (40-50%) ndi mpweya.25 m / s) . Koma chinthu chofunikira kwambiri ndikuti dongosolo lotereli limatha kusunga kuyera kwa mpweya, komanso pang'ono pang'ono kuchotsa mpweya wake ndikuthira mwatsopano, kuthira pamsewu. Nthawi yomweyo, zimatheka kupulumutsa mpaka 30% ya mphamvu (mwachitsanzo, poyerekeza ndi kutentha kwamadzi), popeza nthawi imodzi nthawi imodzi nthawi imodzi, nthawi imodzi nthawi imodzi nthawi imodzi, nthawi imodzi nthawi imodzi nthawi imodzi, nthawi imodzi nthawi imodzimodzi nthawi imodzi idutsa m'malo osungirako anthu omwe ali ndi mphamvu zosungira mphamvu.
Ubwino wa Tepinolo ya SIP: Kulondola, mphamvu zochokera pakusintha mwachangu, nyengo zonse, zotheka, zotheka. Zovuta - zosakhala zachikhalidwe
Kuyambira momwe mungayesere
Tikunena za kuyika kwa dongosolo lotere mu lipoti la zithunzi ngati likuwonetsa nyumba yomanga nyumba ndi gawo la 94.5 m2 (lamoyo 78.4 m2), zomwe zidapangidwa kuti pachaka cha awiri -Munthu. Kupezeka kwa ma sip-manels a zomangamanga ndi Schiefnomotorta kunachitika ndi magulu a maampani a ekodomstroy, ndipo zomangamanga zidalembedwa ndi makampani ankhondo a Burgede. Dongosolo lotentha ndi mpweya wabwino "Artings Custor" linapangidwa, lopangidwa ndi kuyika ndi akatswiri a gulu la Antares wopanga.Miyeso yogona kunyumba ili pafupi ndi kukula kwa zipinda za nyumba zitatu zogona mzindawu, koma nthawi yomweyo
Mayankho a zomanga ndi kukonzanso amakhala ndi nyumba zotsika kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, chipinda chochezera chimapereka mwayi wokhazikitsa poyatsira moto, ndipo zenera la Panoramic lili ndi khomo lomwe lidzakhala lotheka kupita ku nyumba yolumikizidwa kunyumba, veranda kapena m'munda wozizira. Kuchokera pakhomo loyang'ana pansi pali njira yolowera padenga la denga la khonde (dera la 16 m²), lomwe silovuta kutembenukira kudera lopuma labwino. Kuphatikiza apo, malo pansi pa denga amatha kusinthidwa kukhala garaja.
Dongosolo la kutentha ndi mpweya, kuphatikiza dongosolo la mpweya wabwino.
Zimaphatikizanso mpweya wamafuta, chotenthetsera chamagetsi, zosefera zamagetsi, kuchuluka kwa magetsi, chinyezi, komanso kubwezeretsanso kutentha kwa mpweya.
Pangowonjezerani kuti makamuwo amagwira ntchito kuyambira 2009, ndi kutonthoza, komanso malo okhala movutikira, ndi oyenera, makamaka chifukwa ndalama zogwirira ntchito zamagetsi sizimapitirira ma ruble 12,500. pachaka.
Ngakhale isanayambe ntchito yomanga maziko kunyumba, chingwe chamadzi, chitoliro chamadzi chozizira, chinayikidwanso pachipata choposa 1 m
Chifukwa nyumbayo idasankhidwa maziko abwino otetezedwa. Pachida zake, panali masentimita 70 mozama 70, opangidwa pansi pilo la miyala ndi mchenga, zomwe zidakutidwa ndi madzi oyenda pamwamba
Polenga matepi oyambira ogwiritsa ntchito belu (koma) kuchokera pa PPP m'lifupi 50 mm
75 ma cherse okwera adapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito mabatani koma m'lifupi 25 cm
Musanadzaze konkriti mu mabatani koma kugunda chitoliro cha mpweya
Maziko a maziko ndi matepi oyambira adaponyedwa kuchokera ku M300 konkriti. Kunja kwa mabatani koma okutidwa ndi kapangidwe ka madzi
Cesspool mozungulira nyumbayo idakhazikitsidwa ndi chithovu cha polystyrene
Nsanja yomwe ili m'manja mwa canipy yamtsogolo idasokonezedwa.
Pa mbale za polystyrene kumenyedwa, kapangidwe kake, ikani m'malo mwa chitsulo, kenako ndikumuponya konkriti ndi makulidwe 150 mm
Pa matepi a maziko, malo owomberawo adayikidwa (190 × 80 mm), kukonza mangulu kuti konkriti.
Mbale zokutira zidakutidwa kuchokera pansi ndi masticn
Msonkhanowu: Panels aikidwa mu gulu, lachiwiri ndi lotsatira limalumikizidwa.
Malumikizidwe amaphatikizidwa ndikukhazikika podzikonzera
Maziko okwera adakwera motere: choyamba adatola mapanelo m'mizere, kenako nkuwakonzera okha nokha
Adalumikiza mizere yopingasa, makoma a khoma ndi ma verses awo adamangidwa ndi matabwa
Mkati mwa nyumba yomwe imapangidwa ndi zigawo zogawana, kenako chifukwa chokhwima, adadulidwa mbali imodzi ndi ospo-mbale
Kukula kwa pansi loyamba kunali ndi mtengo wokhazikika - ndikoyenera kuyika mpweya.
Kumpoto, kunakhazikitsidwa ndi chithovu cha polystyrene, kenako ndikupanga pansi pa zigawo ziwiri za osp-slabs okhala ndi makulidwe a 24 mm
Opangidwa ndi zowonjezera zopitilira muyeso wolumikizidwa ndi ukadaulo womwewo monga pamalo oyamba, mapandemu a khomali adayikidwa ndi kuwombera kwawo
Denga lokhazikika limapangidwanso ndi ma SIP-Panels. Zovala zake zolimba komanso zotulutsa zidapangidwa kuti ziwonongeke ndi zolumikiza zomwe zimatuluka kunja kwa mapanelo.
Denga lodekha - matayala achilengedwe, omwe pali cholowa
Mtengo wa canopey unamangidwa, matabwa owala ndi a Speral okhala ndi gawo la 200 × 40 mm. Pamwambapa adayika padenga limodzi, lomwe pansi pomwe pansi pa thabwa la pansi. Pakatikati, kuyika mawindo opulumutsa ndege opulumutsa matenda a SIB-Prosect Stop (Rehau), ndi Window-Chamber All-Guadel-Guade-Ma windows ndi makulidwe 32 mm
Masowo adasankhidwa kuti akonzekeretse madalawa lakumapeto kukchero (erfurt system) kutengera a Polyamide Nowwovel w50 Web. Kuyamba, kumayatsidwa mosamala
Pogwiritsa ntchito Kabau yapadera ya Kobard Flexoyal, mawonekedwewo adakutidwa ndi mapepala okhala ndi mawonekedwe osankhidwa, kenako ndikupaka utoto wamatumbo.
Kenako, gawo la mawonekedwe lidalandidwa ndi mabwalo a matabwa
Kusamutsa katundu kuchokera ku malo oyatsira moto ndi konkriti yokonzedweratu, mu sip-mapanelo a kuchulukana mabowo ndikuthira konkriti mwa iwo
Kuzungulira ng'anjoyo kudapanga cholembera ndikuyika komney kuchokera ku mapaipi a sangweji, omwe amakhala ozizira ndi padenga
Popeza kulibe vuto m'mudzimo, tidaganiza zokhazikitsa tank ya Septic "Bioxi" ndi Fvavota, yomwe idachitika
Oyeretsedwa ndi mabetani 98% kuchokera ku stateka yodziyimira pawokha ndi chubu chofiyira mu fyuluta, kuchokera pomwe, amatsamira pilo ndi miyala yamchenga, imayamwa pansi
Mphepo yomwe ikutuluka m'malo mwake imatsukidwa, mlengalenga kuchokera mumsewu umasakanizidwa kulowamo, ndiye kuti amadza kuchokera ku avn mpaka padenga loyambirira ndikuphimbidwa ndi duct kuchokera driji
Mpweya waukulu wa mpweya umapangidwa ndi chitsulo chambiri ndipo kunja kwa zojambulazo kunja
Kutentha kosinthika kunapatsa mpweya wotsekemera wa Ducts sono DFA-S (Diaflex)
Kudzera m'magulu obwera, mlengalenga kuchokera pamalowo amalowa mu ma duct a mpweya, pambuyo pake amayeretsedwa, kuthiridwa ndikukhalanso mu avn.
"Mpweya" umachotsedwa ndi ma hood a ma hood, khitchini ndi chipinda
Ma Ducts osinthika a mpweya amalumikizidwa ndi zolimba, komanso kudya mpweya wabwino komanso womaliza maphunziro amalonda pogwiritsa ntchito ma cul
Nthabwala zimasindikizidwa ndi tepi yolimbikitsidwa
Dongosolo Lapansi
Kufotokozera Pansi 1.2 m².7 m² .... Mzikika 2.4 m ².
Dongosolo la chipinda chachiwiri
Chikumbutso chachiwiri 1. Kholo (* m hew 10.7 m ²0.2 mmaitrobra 16.0 m ²²
Kuwerengera kokulirapo kwa mtengo wokhala ndi nyumbayo ndi malo onse 94.5 m2, ofanana ndi *
Dzina la Ntchito | nambala | Mtengo, pakani. |
---|---|---|
Kupanga kwa nthiti ya riboni, ma stove ndi zochitika | konza | 137 000 |
Pangani nyumba zovuta | konza | 240,000 |
Kukhazikitsa kwa dongosolo lodetsa | konza | 140,000 |
Kapangidwe ndi kukhazikitsa kwa mpweya wowotchera | konza | 162 500. |
Kukongoletsa ndi kukongoletsa kwa nyumbayo, kuphatikiza kukhazikitsa mawindo | konza | 215 400. |
Mapeto ake kunyumba | konza | 205 800. |
Zonse | 1 100 700. | |
Zogwiritsidwa ntchito pagawo | ||
Zipangizo za chipangizo cha maziko, mbale ndi zowoneka, kuphatikiza mchenga, mwala wosweka, ma concrack, ma waya, kapangidwe kake kambiri, kapangidwe kake | konza | 205,000 |
Senti ya sIP manels, kuphatikiza mapanelo akunja ndi mkati mwa makoma (164 mm), mkati Magawo (124 mm), chifukwa cha okwera ndi madenga (olimbikitsidwa - 214 mm) | konza | 381,000 |
Zinthu zamatabwa ndi chitsimikiziro cha lawi, kuphatikizapo bala kuti igwedezeke maziko; Ma board (100 × 40, 140 × 40 ndi 190 × 40 mm); guluu ndi miyala wamba; magawo ogawo; Matabwa oyenda | konza | 268,000 |
Zipangizo za chipangizo chotsikira "amber" (Broas) | konza | 208,000 |
Kutsiriza kwamkati ndi zida | konza | 211 000 |
Mawindo ndi zitseko zapulasitiki | konza | 111 500. |
Zida zowombera ndege | konza | 611 000 |
Zipangizo zakunja, kuphatikizapo mapepala a mediade, gulu, madandaulo, ma board, ma board a Terraft | konza | 328 200. |
Zida zothandizira (zomangira zodzikongoletsera, ngodya, chithovu, etc.) | konza | 58,000 |
Zonse | 785 700. | |
Zonse | 3 486 400. |
* Kuwerengera kumapangidwa popanda kuwerengera ndi kunyamula ndalama.