Ngakhale zinthu zamakono zomanga nyumba zimapangidwa, zimakhala zovuta kuti azipikisana ndi nkhuni zachilengedwe. Kuchokera pamenepo mutha kungopanga zochepa chabe, komanso nyumba zapadera. Mawonekedwe a akatswiri opanga nyumba opanga nyumba adauzidwa kuti gawo la sentimitatic itatic yodziwikiratu holzhaus
Ngakhale zinthu zamakono zomanga nyumba zimapangidwa, zimakhala zovuta kuti azipikisana ndi nkhuni zachilengedwe. Kuchokera pamenepo mutha kungopanga zochepa chabe, komanso nyumba zapadera. Mawonekedwe a akatswiri opanga nyumba opanga nyumba adauzidwa kuti gawo la sentimitatic itatic yodziwikiratu holzhaus
Kodi ndi lingaliro lotani la "Nyumba Yopambana"? Zofunikira Mawu kwa mawonekedwe amenewo.
Alexander Yelchugin. Ntchito imodzi iyenera kuganizira zinthu zambiri - kapangidwe ka banja, zizolowezi, kuthekera kwachuma kasitomala, mawonekedwe a chiwembu, mayendedwe m'mbali za dziko. Mawu oti "osankhika" pokhudzana ndi nyumba, monga lamulo, "yabwino, yabwino kwambiri". Tanthauzoli limafotokozanso ntchitoyi, kapangidwe ndi zida.
Konstantin matslov. Ndikufuna kukhudza mutu wakugwiritsa ntchito ntchito ndikukhazikitsa dongosolo la ukadaulo wa nyumbayo. Nyumba yosankhika iyenera kupanga moyo wabwino wokhala ndi moyo wawo ndipo ndi osakakamira kugwiriridwa. Chifukwa chake, lingaliro la nyumba yotere limaphatikiza polojekiti yopangidwa moyenerera, yolembedwa (yojambulidwa mu Malangizo ogwirira ntchito
Chithunzi: "Nyanja ya NLK" | 
Chithunzi: "Nyanja ya NLK" | 
Chithunzi: "Nyanja ya NLK" | 
Chithunzi: izmba de luxe |
Chithunzi: "VIDICHY-STROY" | 
Chithunzi: "Garanti-Stroy" | 
Chithunzi: "Garanti-Stroy" | 
Chithunzi: "VIDICHY-STROY" |
5. Kuchokera ku Cenar Pine, ndi "riboni" kumapeto. Diameter Log - 380-520 mm. Nyumba ya Log iyenera kuyimirira kwa chaka chimodzi, ndiye kuti mutsirize. Pakadali pano, pali padenga kwakanthawi. Nyumbayo imapangidwa mu kalembedwe ka Russia yokhala ndi zipilala zosema, nsanja, zofuula.
8. Kumaliza kutchalitchi cha Bani kuchokera ku Siberia la ku Siberia. Pakadali pano, padenga la matangamu limayikidwa, makomawa amathandizidwa, ndiye kuti zotseguka zakonzedwa kuti zikweze miyoyo. Mulingo wapakati wa chipika ndi 300-420 mm.
Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nyumba yosankhika?
Egor Ivanov. Cedar ochulukirapo, kenako Larch, kenako - Pine. Chifukwa chake, mkungudza ndi Larch ndi zida zotsuka. Ponena za chipilala chachikulu, chimangolandira kuchokera ku mkungudza chabe.
Konstantin matslov. Kuthetsedwa kwa zinthu zosaphika ndi zonse mu ntchito zogwirira ntchito komanso kutchuka. Mwachitsanzo, mtengo wake umakhala ndi mphamvu zochiritsa (kutsimikizira mpweya mlengalenga), lach - zokongoletsa ndi kudalirika kwakukulu. Koma palibe chinsinsi kuti kukhala ndi nyumba kuchokera ku mkungudza kapena larch ndiyofunikanso kwambiri. M'mapulo awo, timagwiritsa ntchito komanso kuphatikiza mitundu iyi. Khola lotemberelo litha kuganiziridwa, kupangidwa kuchokera ku khoma la mtundu uliwonse - kabichi, lopion, matabwa ozungulira. Ngakhale nyumba yosankhika imapanga magawo ena - kukula kwa chitukuko cha zinthu, m'mimba mwake (mukadula), makulidwe a makhoma, zogwiritsidwa ntchito, kapangidwe kazinthu zonse.
Matabwa ophatikizika amasiyanasiyana pamtengo. Momwe mungadziwire mtundu wa nkhaniyo? Kodi ndikuyenera kulekanitsa pamitundu?
Alexander Yelchugin. Kudula nkhuni ndi lingaliro lovomerezeka. Kusamba "Zojambula zamatabwa" zamatabwa zamatabwa zimatsimikiziridwa ndi mitundu - yoyamba, yachiwiri, yachitatu. Woyamba ndi kalasi yamitengo yolimba kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, pali zikalata zambiri zapakhomo komanso zakunja zomwe zimafunikira kuchepetsa zojambulajambula. Zofunikira zotere amapanga magulu osiyanasiyana, kutengera ndi cholinga - mkati, zonyamula, zobisika, ndi zina. Chifukwa chake, ndikufuna kudziwa kuti zomwe zikubwereradi, koma zimafika kwa wogula mu mawonekedwe ena.
Akatswiri Athu
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koma. Konstantin Maslov, Mutu wa Katswiri Wapamwamba Kwambiri kwa Kampani IZBA de luxe
b. Alexander Yelchugin, mutu wa Sokolsky Dock Prosectory
IN. Konstantin Brinov, mkulu wa chitukuko "Nlk Nyumba"
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Dmitry Abramov, mutu wa gulu lankhondo lankhondo
D. Yegor Ivanov, Diporny wamkulu wa vadicin-stroy
Ndi ziti zomwe za nyumba kuchokera ku mkungudza? Kodi ndi mfundo ziti za nkhaniyi zomwe zikufunika kudziwa ogula? Kodi izi zikuchokera kuti ndipo kuperekera nthawi yayitali kumatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji?
Egor Ivanov. Kukhala m'nyumba kuchokera ku Cenar Pine ndikosangalatsa. Tikuyendetsa ngodya za mkungudza kuchokera kudera la Krasnoyarsk. Kutumiza kumachitika mwachangu, pafupifupi masiku anayi, chifukwa chake sizikhudza nthawi yomanga. Cedar yomanga nyumbayo iyenera kukhala okhwima - zaka zoposa 120, ndi mainchesi a 40cm. UNAS amagwiritsidwa ntchito mitengo yodulidwa. Mtengo womaliza wa nyumbayo pamaziko - kuyambira ma ruble 20,000. Kwa 1m. Kutumiza ndi kukhazikitsa. Popeza zinthuzo zili ndi chinyezi chachilengedwe, amafunikira nthawi yovuta (pafupifupi chaka chimodzi). Mafuta a pine ndi cedar amakhala ofanana, koma kuchuluka kwa mapangidwe a larch ndikokwera pang'ono.
Konstantin matslov. Timapereka ma ceda ndi malipiro ochokera kumadera a Altai kwa masiku 5-6. Mukamagwa kapena kugwa chinyezi m'nyumba, mitengo ya mkungudza imaponya ma ion kusinthana kwa ion komwe kumayamikiridwa kwa mbiri yamankhwala komanso kununkhira kwapadera. Mwa zina, nyumba ya mkungudza imatsindika mtundu wa amene amakhalamo. Mtengo wa nyumba yokhala ndi malo osungirako glued ndi 20-30% apamwamba kuposa nyumba za paini.
Pofuna, nthawi ya chaka ndibwino kumanga nyumba kuchokera ku mkungudza?
Alexander Yelchugin. Mitu yomanga nyumba yomanga nyumba komanso yosiyana ndi matekinoloji ena omwe matebulo amapangidwira pafupifupi chaka chonse, ngakhale nyengo ili bwanji. Kuletsedwa kumangogwa mvula komanso chipale chofewa nthawi ya kukhazikitsa. Koma ngati timalankhula za zoopsa, ndiye kuti nyumba yomangidwa nyengo yachilimwe idzakhala ndi yaying'ono pang'ono kuposa mabatani mpaka pa February. Kuchuluka kwambiri kwa chinyezi cha mitengo yosungirako misewu kumatheka. Ndiye kuti, m'nyumba zomangidwa mu Novembala kapena nthawi yozizira, chinyezi chofanana, kuphatikizapo makhoma, chidzatsimikiziridwa ndi nyengo yokhazikitsa, osati ukadaulo chabe.
Kodi mtengo wamatanda umagwira ntchito?
Alexander Yelchugin. Ngati ukadaulo wapadera wosenda kunyumba akugwiriridwa, titha kunena kuti nkhalangoyi, yokonzedwa nthawi yozizira, ndibwino. Tumizani pamzerewu chifukwa dziko lathu ndi lalikulu, misewu ya nkhalango siabwino kulikonse, mozizira ndi nyengo ya kukolola nkhuni. Chipinda chimakololedwa pokhapokha pali misewu. Ponena za matekinoloje omwe amapangira nkhuni zomwe zimapangika kwanthawi yayitali komanso kuwuma kwa chipinda chambiri kumagwiritsidwa ntchito, mitundu yambiri yamitengo yam'mimba, pomwe nthawi ya chinyezi. Kenako kukonzekera kumakhala chinyezi), ndiye kuti kukonzekera sikuthandiza pa iwo.
Chithunzi: "Garanti-Stroy" | 
Chithunzi: "Garanti-Stroy" | 
Chithunzi: "Garanti-Stroy" | 
Chithunzi: "Garanti-Stroy" |
9-10. Nyumba za Premimal-Clamp Class nthawi zambiri zimakhazikika mu pine, kapena kuchokera ku lach ndi mainchesi a 260-300 mm (ngati chipika chozungulira chimagwiritsidwa ntchito) ndi 360-400mm (ndi zopangidwa ndi manja). Maso amakampani ambiri amakongoletsa malo otseguka.
Ena amakhulupirira kuti pambuyo pokonza nkhuni ndi antifirens, nyumbayo sidzayaka. Kodi pali zotulukapo bwanji? Ndipo kodi pali nzeru pokonzanso izi?
Konstantin matslov. Kuyamba, kumawoneka bwino ku ziwerengero zoteteza moto. Zifukwa zazikulu zochitira moto nyumba, osati mitengo yamatabwa yokha, yokhazikitsidwa molakwika, kudula malo oyaka moto, chimbudzi, kupukutira ndalama. Mukamakonza zowombera moto, nkhuni zimasokonezeka. Milandu yayikulu ndi yofunikira, koma siyipereka inshuwaransi yonse. Ngati ukadaulo wambiri wasweka, pali moto wotseguka (makandulo, ndudu zasungidwa), ndiye kuti ngoziyo yasungidwa. Kuphatikiza apo, imatsimikizika kunyumba iliyonse, chifukwa m'chipinda chomangira njerwa pali pansi matabwa, denga lazinthu zoyaka. M'malingaliro anga, nkhuni ndi yofunika kwambiri chifukwa cha chitetezo chamoto, mosiyana ndi zokongoletsera zamkati zopangidwa ndi zida zokongoletsa. Mukamayatsa nyumba yozunzidwa makamaka imayambitsa poizoni. Mtengowo ukuyaka sizipsemphani kapoizo, ndipo nyumbayo imatha kutsalira nthawi zonse.
Egor Ivanov. Ndikofunika kuchiritsa antipyrenes yopanga ma ragrating, malo okhala, omwe angalole kwakanthawi kuti achedwetse moto, uchoke mnyumbayo. Pewani kukonza magulu amkati omwe amalumikizana ndi chilengedwe cha nyumba yabwino.
Ndi mbali iti ya nyumba yomwe idamangidwa kuchokera ku Siberia la ku Siberia? Larch Limisani gawo lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino kwambiri kwa Russia?
Egor Ivanov. Larch Tipita ku Siberia. Palibe zoletsa madioni. Diade yopumira ya mitengo - kuyambira 26cm ndi pamwambapa. Larch ndi zinthu zolimba, zovutirapo pokonza, zokongola popanga, zosakhazikika, zosavunda, zomwe zimakhala ndi thanzi labwino.
Dmitry Abramov. Cedar ndi Lach nthawi zambiri amapikisana wina ndi mnzake. Ponena za phindu paumoyo, mwayi womwewo umakomera Lach, womwe umakhudza bwino mtima komanso kupuma. Mtengowu ndi wofunika kapangidwe kake, utoto wokongola, womwe sunali wofanana ndi mitundu ina. Ponena za kusiyana kwa Lach monga zomangamanga zomangamanga zina, makamaka kuchokera ku pine, sizili choncho, kupatula zovuta za kukonza, voliyumu yotentha ndi kulemera. Mtengo wa larch umafanana ndi mtengo wa paini, koma ndikofunikira kuganizira mtengo wa mayendedwe ake ochokera ku Siberia.
Kodi ndi njira ziti zomwe zimayambitsa magetsi osankhika? Munthawi yamikhalidwe ya ntchito yomanga coil ikhoza kukhala yosungidwa ngati osankhika?
Egor Ivanov. Choyamba, ndikusankha mitengo yopanga chipika. Timagwiritsa ntchito nkhalango yokhayo. Kwa kapangidwe kophimba kwambiri, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana zopangira. Mwachitsanzo, pansi yoyamba ikhoza kupangidwa ngati nyumba ya chipika, ndipo yachiwiri ili ngati chipika. Nyumba yotereyi imawoneka bwino kuposa nyumba yolowera ndi padenga lafupa.
Alexander Yelchugin. Funso lomwe lili m'manja mwa omanga coil ndikumvetsetsa kuti ndi nyumba yopuma ya mitengo yosankhidwa ndi pamanja. Zidzawonekera koyamba pazinthu zapamwamba komanso kuyenerera kwa ogwira ntchito. Popanda magawo awa, ndizosatheka kuyankhula za kuchotsedwa, ngakhale kugwiritsa ntchito mitengo yokwera mtengo kwambiri.
Egor Ivanov. Ponena za kusankha kwa zinthu: kumpoto kwa mtengowo umamera (mkungula, paini, larch), cholimba, cholimba, komanso, motsatana. Mutha kuyitanitsa mtengo ndi madera oyandikana nawo, koma sizikukhudzana ndi zofunikira za kachulukidwe, chomwe masiku ano amaperekedwa ndi makasitomala.
Chithunzi: "Nyanja ya NLK" | 
Chithunzi: izmba de luxe | 
Chithunzi: izmba de luxe | 
Chithunzi: "Nyanja ya NLK" |
15. Nyumba yochokera ku bala la gluud palojekiti "Polesie". Zinthu za makoma amkati ndi akunja a nyumbayo ndi mtengo waltai. Gawo la mtanda la bar ndi 180X200mmm. Bari logwedezeka silikugwirizana ndi vuto lalikulu komanso kutentha kwambiri. Brussia sanapumulitsidwe pambuyo pa msonkhano.
Kodi Mungasankhe Bwanji Wopanga Wodalirika?
Dmitry Abramov. Tumizani pamzere womwe mukufuna kuti mupange zofunikira zanu m'nyumba yamtsogolo, kenako, kupenda zinthu zomwe zimapangidwa ndi makampani osiyanasiyana, kuti mumvetsetse kampani yomwe ingakwanitse kugwiritsa ntchito, komanso moyenerera. Zingakhale zovuta kupanga chisankho, makamaka kuganizira za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zinthu ndi makhazikikidwe okhazikitsa. Ndikofunikira kuyendera zinthu zokwanira zomwe zimapangidwadi zomangidwa, yerekezerani, pendani. Ndikofunikira kulabadira mapangidwe a nyumbayo, komanso pa yankho, komanso pa kulondola kwa kuyikapo, komanso nyengo yomanga. Chizindikiro chabwino ndi kukhalapo kwa ma thermometers m'madera osiyanasiyana mnyumba nthawi yotsiriza. Chimodzi mwazofunikira kwambiri posankha wopanga ndi nyumbayo ndi nyumba yomanga nthawi yapitayo, yomwe mwiniyo amasangalala mpaka pano.
Konstantin Brinov. Kupanga nyumbayo si malo otsimikizika komwe kasitomala amatha kuwona sitampu, yomwe imati malonda awa amafanana ndi maumboni abwino. Ngati panali chitsimikizo chodulira chodula, ndiye kuti ogula angadziwe kuti nyumbayo ikufanana ndi miyezo yonse. Corage, njira zotere za nyumba yosankhidwira sizinafike.
Makampani ambiri amapanga nyumba kuchokera ku bar. Ena amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga a tu, ena - ndi glost, ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu otsogozedwa ndi malamulo apadziko lonse lapansi. Kodi pali kusiyana kotani?
Alexander Yelchugin. Wopanga amatha kutsogoleredwa ndi zake zomwe zidapangidwa pamaziko a miyezo yapanyumba ndi matekinoloje ake. Itha kugwiritsa ntchito miyezo yapanyumba popanda kukhala ndi yake (yomwe imachitika kawiri kawiri). Kapenanso amakula wina, komanso wotsimikizika ndi miyezo yamayiko. Zomwe zimachitika? Wopanga zapakhomo, akudutsa njira yodzifunira yaufulu, amalandira satifiketi yogwirizana ndi zida za Kit. Otsatirawa, monga lamulo, lanu ndi mfundo za boma kapena miyezo ina yomwe wopanga amalengeza ngati zikalata zowongolera zomwe zimapangidwa. Kenako thupi lotsimikizira limayerekezera katundu wazogulitsa izi ndi zofunikira zamisili. Kulamulira kwa Ikak, kutsatira kumapezeka. Palinso dongosolo la miyezo yapadziko lonse lapansi. Zikuwoneka ngati zovomerezeka. Malinga ndi mfundo zaku Europe zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu EU, zomwe zimapangidwanso, ndipo ukadaulo, ndiye kuti, zikhalidwe zina zaluso zomwe wopanga amayenera kuwunika pazopanga. Chifukwa chake, kukhalapo kwa satifiketi yapadziko lonse ndi wopanga nkhuni kumatsimikizira kuti wogulayo sakhala ndi malonda, komanso ukadaulo wa kupanga kwawo amagwirizana ndi miyezo.
Konstantin Brinov. Ngati kupanga chitsimikizo chaku Europe, ogula angawonetsetse kuti satifiketi ikupezeka ndipo osaphunzira kupanga zina ndi alendo amenewo, pamaziko omwe a Tu.
Chifukwa cha zomwe zingakulitse kuchuluka kwa zikopa zamatabwa?
Egor Ivanov. Nyumba za fumbi chifukwa cha kutalika kwa poyambira kutentha. Kuukira chifukwa cha kudula, kusowa kwa ming'alu, kumapachika, mipata. Kenako, werengani makulidwe ofunikira a zinthu zomaliza, kupitirira, pansi. Khazikitsaninso mawindo abwino.
Konstantin matslov. Malo ofooka nthawi zambiri amakhala makoma oyandikana ndi maziko, padenga. Ndikupangira chidwi ndi makonda a njira zopangira mpweya. Kutayika kwa kutentha kumatha kuchepetsedwa, kuphatikizapo chifukwa cha makonda oyenera ndi zochulukitsa za kusinthitsa mpweya m'nyumba. Apa mutha kugwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana zobwezeretsera zabwino komanso nyengo (tsiku ndi tsiku) kulowa kwa mpweya mu nthawi ya usana ndi nyengo. Mwachitsanzo, pakalibe anthu omwe ali mnyumbamo, mpweya wabwino uyenera kuchepetsedwa. Zinthu zonsezi mu zovuta ndikupanga nyumbayo kutentha.
Dmitry Abramov. Timasamala madera onse ofunikira kutentha. Timapanga denga ndi chinsinsi 250-300mm komanso zochulukirapo. Timagwiritsa ntchito njira yothandiza kwambiri, tengani maziko, sankhani mawindo ogwira ntchito bwino.
Kodi malangizo omwe ali ndi malingaliro olakwika amisonkhano?
Egor Ivanov. Kutulutsa kwa mipando ndi mfundo yofunika kwambiri. Maganizo anga opita kunyanja alibe. Malingaliro anga, chosindikizira chitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha ngati mwalamula kuti mukhale ndi nyumba yosauka. Kenako chosindikizira chidzathandizira kuthetsa vuto la kuyera, kutaya kutentha. Pachikhalidwe, moss, pass, fulakesi, amagwiritsidwa ntchito potulutsa kumeza misonkhano. Izi ndi zinthu zoyenera kwambiri, zopatsa chidwi kwambiri.
Konstantin matslov. Mtengo - zinthu zopumira. Zodabwitsa ndizadzidzidzi kudzera pamtengo wokwanira mpweya sizingachitike. Chifukwa chake, mpweya wa nyumba yamatabwa umakhala chifukwa cha zinthu ziwiri. Woyamba ndi wocheperako komanso wosalala wa mpweya kudzera pazithunzi kapena mankhwala osankhidwa. Chifukwa chake, kuti mpweya ulandire zowonjezera zamankhwala zowonjezera, tidzayang'ana kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito chilengedwe. Lachiwiri ndi kupuma kwamkati komwe kumagwirizanitsa kapangidwe kake. Chifukwa chake, sikofunikira kuti muletsetu zanyumba kudzera mu poyambira.
Dmitry Abramov. Monga mukudziwa, kutentha kumasiya nyumba yamatabwa kudutsa padenga, mawindo, pansi pamchere, makhoma. Pofuna kusokonekera, kampani yathu yagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi nkhani kuchokera ku ziweto za nkhosa za Kliman, zomwe zimapangidwa ku Germany. Kuyambira kugwiritsa ntchito nkhaniyi, tinayesetsa kusintha ntchito yopanda ntchito ndipo timayembekezera kuchepetsa kutaya kutentha kudzera kumakoma. M'malo mwake, zotsatira zake zidakhala pamwamba kwambiri - kuchepa kwakukulu pakuchotsa makhoma kumachitika, ndipo kutulutsa komveka kwa nyumba ya nyumbayo kunasintha kwambiri.
Ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kumaliza nyumba yosankhika?
Alexander Yelchugin. Kukhazikika kwa kapangidwe kamene kamagulitsidwa kumatha kuthandizidwa ndi zokutira zosankhidwa kapena kuwalitsa. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito zofunda zotsekemera zomwe sizisokoneza mlengalenga pakhoma. Ichi ndiye chofunikira kwambiri pakupanga mwakuthupi komanso ma varnish. Chofunikanso chidzakhala chosankha cha zinthu zokutira ndi mitundu yonse yomaliza pa chitetezo cha mankhwala: Zipangizo siziyenera kupatulidwa m'nyumba zam'madzi za zinthu zoyipa - fonoldehhyde, phenol solthde, etyrene, etc.