Okwera mtunda uliwonse ndi mitengo. Ndi mitundu iti ndi mitundu yomwe masiku ano imafunikira, momwe mungasankhire bwino zimphona ndi kusamalira zimphona za m'munda, werengani m'mafunso omwe takambirana ndi anio
Mitundu yamitundu yambiri ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamitundu iti yomwe ikufunika kwambiri, momwe mungasankhire bwino zimphona ndi kusamalira zimphona zam'munda, werengani m'mafunso athu ndi mlangizi wa enieni adreov
Mwachidziwikire, mkati mwa mmodzi, ngakhale nkhani yayikulu siyingakambirane mbali zonse za mitengo yomwe ikukula m'munda. Tiyeni tiime pamalo ofunikira kwambiri komanso osangalatsa. Mwachitsanzo, kodi pali mafashoni kwa iwo omwe kapena mitengo ina?
Inde, kotero tinganene. Mukayerekezera "misa", yomwe inali zaka 10 kapena 20 zapitazo ndipo ilipo masiku ano, ndiye kuti mutha kuwona zomwe zasintha. M'mbuyomu, zipatso zathu zodziwika bwino minda ndi minda zathu zimadzaza ndi maofesi ndi zokongoletsera zamasamba. Komabe, ngati maluwa ako kukongoletsa kale analipo, kenako ma cenifers osangalatsa omwe amaphatikizidwa pamsika wopezeka posachedwapa, mkati mwa 90s. Mwayi watsopano umapangitsa olima wamaluwa ndi mafani enieni a mbewu zodziwika, malo ochokera kumayambitsidwa kusonkhanitsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso kuyesa kupanga minda yosiyanasiyana.
Kupanga zochulukirapo pogwiritsa ntchito mitundu yovulazidwa. Pali kale chidwi kwambiri, komwe akukonzekera kudula zinthu zobzala, pomwe m'mbuyomu mitengo ija inatengedwa kuchokera ku Europe. Zometa tsitsi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mitundu yovuta (Elm, Mairga, Maple, Lipon, Mtengo wa Kumwera, Mtengo wa Apple) ndi Phiri, Korea Fir, Juniper sing'anga, Thuja Western). Tsopano mutha kuwona chidwi komanso ku mitengo kuchokera ku gulu lowopsa silokhazikika potengera kuzizira kwa nthawi yachisanu, koma zochititsa chidwi kuchokera ku malingaliro okongoletsera. Ichi ndi cha Holly (ostos (ostos) ndi masamba owoneka bwino ndipo ena ali ndi mitundu yambiri yazomera, mitundu yambiri ya magnolia.
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1-3. Mapu akuluakulu, ma lindens, elms amagwira ntchito ngati chotchinga m'munda (1). Kudumpha chikopa kumatha kupangidwa ngati mtengo kapena chitsamba (2). Ogonana singano zabwino za Weymouth, m'mindayo amakuwuzani mitundu yake (3).
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4.5. Makope a amuna ndi akazi a ridiper wamba ndi osiyana mawonekedwe: abambo - owoneka bwino (4), achikazi ", obereka. Zomera zokhala ndi masamba opepuka zimayambitsa madera a mthunzi (5)
Inde, chidwi cha exotam ndichabwino: anthu amayenda kwambiri, amadziwa bwino malo atsopano - amakankhira zoyeserera. Kodi ndi chiyani chomwe chingakhale ngati kampasi mukamasankha mawonekedwe?
Ndikofunika kulabadira maonekedwe ndi kukula kwa mbewu, kutsatira kwawo zochitika zachilengedwe za malowa komanso, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri, kuuma kwa nthawi yachisanu. M'nthawi yoyambirira, map a ku Europe-American-American-American ku American of therere omera ozizira adayamba kuwongoleredwa. Malinga ndi izi, ambiri mwa iwo a ku Europe ya dziko lathuli, kuphatikiza kudera la ku Moscow, kulowa kumalo anayi ndi kutentha kochokera -28.9 ku Moscow, monga "kutentha" 5 (Kuchokera -3, 4 mpaka -28.8 c), komwe gawo lomwe lili kumwera kwa St. Tertersburg Kurlamarg Kurcronsk Valegogral. Ndi makhadi awa, khadi iyi iyenera kuthandizidwa motsimikiza, imasewera ma benchmark ena.
Ndiye mukulimbikitsa kuti izi mosamala kwambiri kuti zitheke kukhala ndi lingaliro lokhumba la kukula mbewu m'gulu lowopsa?
Inde. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti padziko lapansi lopanda chakuda, ngakhale pali chilichonse, malo okhala ndi vuto la kukhalapo komanso malo olima. Masamba ambiri otchova njuga pamiyendo ya mbewu zachikondi komanso miyala yotsika, mwachitsanzo, wamwamuna waku Japan Span Dlanuid, Ma Pieris Japan. Mndandanda wa mbewu zomwezi zomwe zimaperekedwa pamsika zimatha kupitiliza. Komabe, mwachangu kwambiri, wamaluwa amakumana ndi ulamuliro wapadera. Ngati mitengo yagona siyitayika nthawi yoyamba yozizira, koma mulimonsemo, adzavutika kuzizira.
Chidziwitso chachikulu komanso chidziwitso chachikulu cha mitundu ndi mitundu imafunikiranso kugula kwa ma pines (makamaka omwe ali mu mtengo wambiri), ma cypres, matchesi okongoletsa (otchedwa Sakur). Itha kumasuka nthawi ndi nthawi kuti musunge pakati, quince Jamepanise, Ma amondi atatu-obedwa ndipo ngakhale oow. Kutheka pang'ono kuvutika ndi morozov Iva kunasintha Hakuro-Nishiki, makamaka mawonekedwe ake ovuta. Mwachidule, musanayambe kukonda mtengo wamtundu wina, chifukwa ndi wokongola kwambiri ndipo mumakonda kuphunzira zambiri za kuthekera kwake kwa nyengo yachisanu.
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6-9. Gulu la Ortifer kuchokera ku Tui Western ndi Juniper Chinese limakongoletsedwa ndi ngodya yopuma (6). Mitundu yopangidwa ndi chitsulo ya Juniper sing'anga (7) imakokedwa m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Imodzi mwazinthu zokongola kwambiri pakati pa ma conifers, Spiny Pika adatulutsa Glola Globasa ndi tchizi chankhondo, zabzalidwa pafupi ndi phiri la paini (8). Mphukira za Eli zisoti, zolumikizidwa pa kutalika kwa 1m, adafunsa mtengowo kumafanana ndi madzi am'madzi (9).
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10-12. Mafomu opumira pa mawonekedwe a strain osati ofanana, komanso kuchokera ku zolimba, mwachitsanzo, elm ya Commponi (10) kapena mbuzi (12). Choyamba chimasungidwa pamtunda wa nthiti wamba pafupifupi 1m (mpaka mikono ikuluikulu-isanu nthawi yomweyo - kotero kuti stat staune idakwera), pomwe mbuzi idatalika pafupifupi 24-30 cm. Masamba owala a p capato calliurea amakopa chidwi ndipo amapanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya malo obiriwira a chilengedwe (11).
Ndi mitundu yambiri yazomera, ndizovuta kudziwa kusankha. Kodi ndi malingaliro otani omwe angakhale othandiza?
Choyamba, muyenera kulabadira chiyambi cha zinthu zobzala. Zomera zomwe zimabweretsa mayiko akumwera ndi nyengo yotentha komanso ya ku Hungary, Ukraine, Moldova, Bertham ndi South Germany) imapangidwa mu kuwala katatu. Amatha kusokonekera pakukula kwawo kupita kumpoto ndi kuwala kwa nthawi yayitali pakukula kwawo, osamaliza kuzungulira ndikukonzekera nyengo yozizira isanayambike nyengo yozizira isanayambe. Sikuti ndi mitundu yokongoletsera, komanso yokhudza zikhalidwe za zipatso, posankha zomwe muyenera kulolera kuti zitsimikizike, zamitsempha. Ngati timalankhula za Baltic States ndi Poland, ndiye mbewu zachikhalidwe zam'madzi zapakati, zochokera kumaiko amenewa, monga lamulo, zikubwera, nthawi yozizira ndi masamba mumikhalidwe yathu mokwanira. Koma ndibwino kugula mbande zokumba mu pafupi ndi munda wanu. Kusaka mtundu ndi mtundu wa zinthu zapakhomo nthawi yayitali sikwachitali kwambiri, m'zaka zaposachedwa zikuwonekeratu kuti izi zikuchitika. Yesetsani kuti musagule mbewu ndi mizu yopanda maziko, makamaka molingana, mutabzala sizambiri. Ndikwabwino kusankha mitengo muzotengera, pomwe pakuchotsa iye ayenera kusunga mawonekedwe a chidebecho ndikugwirizana ndi mizu.
Munakambirana za kutchuka kwa mizere ya masitimani ... AKaks zomwe zingakuyendere bwino, zingagwiritsidwe ntchito bwanji mu malo?
Mothandizidwa ndi ma conifors, pangani khomo la tsambalo ndi kusintha pakati pa madera osiyanasiyana a mundawo, ndikuwoneka mokwanira mabotolo otsika, kuti amenyane ndi masamba. Oyandikana nawo kwambiri a conriferge anzawo, Eric ndi Rhododendrons. Amatha kuphatikiza mogwirizana ndi maluwa, chimanga, chiberekero cha nthaka. Osonyeza onse osungunulira, komanso monga olamulira m'magulu a Spruce, a Larch, a Larch, Thuja Western kapena amphaka amphaka akuluakulu, osasunthika ". Kuphatikiza pa utoto wa singano, kusintha kwa chipasoko kumagwira ntchito yayikulu. Kuti mupange mgwirizano m'gululi, ndikofunikira kuganiza kudzera mu kuphatikiza kwa mbewu, mosiyana ndi ma piramidi (mapiramidi, michere, miyala (yolimba, yoweramitsa).
Funso la Introva pankhaniyi. Kodi mfundo zofunika masiku ano ndi ziti?
Mndandanda wa mitundu yotsimikizira ndi mitundu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga dimba ndi yayikulu kwambiri kotero kuti akhoza kukhala odzipereka ku chinsinsi chimodzi. Mitengo yofotokozera kwambiri, chisoti chachifumu chomwe chimafanana ndi mpira, mwachitsanzo, mapiri osiyanasiyana: Big Heom ndi Puspy, Combold Hiatreund Ophir ndi Grane Wein. Ksharyoid kapena mawonekedwe ozungulira a Tui Western Glanda, Tim, Golden Groun, WooboPai, Ngombe. Western Tui kumadzulo kwa Danica ndi Glandbosa Nana njira ina ku matenda mpaka nyengo yathu, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga ma borders otsika komanso mabwana otsekeka.
Zomera zokhala ndi chipolopolo, zotupa za kubadwa ndi ma piloni ndizabwino kukongoletsa malo otsetsereka ndi masitepe ang'onoang'ono m'magulu, zojambula zam'madzi, komanso malo ojambula omwe ali ndi malo ozungulira. "Mafumu" Awa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya juniper wamba, Cessack, sing'anga, yopingasa, yopingasa, kunenepa. Itha kukhalanso njira yodutsa microora, mitundu ya payekha ya paini ndi nthawi zonse Tsugon Canadaan.
Ngati timalankhula za conifers, ndiye zokongoletsera bwino komanso zozizira za nthawi yozizira ziyenera kusankhidwa ngati mbewu zomera. Tizilomboti chachiwiri chimapangidwa kuchokera kuzomera zazing'ono zomwe zimakhala ndi korona wopanda kanthu wa mithunzi yosiyanasiyana, mwachitsanzo, Juniper Cossack Blube kapena Pakati pa Ptiitzeana Aurea, tsegulani Aremuana Aurea, tsegulani mawonekedwe a Phire. Nyimbo za "Bobby" zokhala ndi ma conifers otsika, owoneka bwino kwambiri: Chip ya buluu chopingasa cha Blue ndi Willonii Carpet, Aiy Costack Tamarkistivia ndi kapeti wobiriwira wobiriwira.
Ndi mitundu yanji yomwe mumalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito popanga middge yamoyo?
Nthawi zambiri zimapangidwa kuchokera ku mitengo yamiyala ina. Pamitundu mitundu, mutha kusintha mitundu ndi masharubu osiyanasiyana kapena mithunzi imodzi. Kwa mayendedwe ochokera ku bamba la mbiya, zobiriwira, za buluu ndi zingwe zimasankhidwa, nthawi zina zimakhazikika pofika pofika. Valcian kuchokera ku tui kumadzulo ndi nyengo ina yomwe imakhala yosangalatsa kuphatikiza mitundu yake yobiriwira yobiriwira (yopanda utoto), nthiti yachikaso, ku Europe golide).
Ngati timalankhula za mitengo yabwino, ndiye kuti zingatheke pakati pawo "nyenyezi" zotchuka kwambiri, zomwe zingakhale khola?
Kuyambira nthawi yozizira, yovuta, yopanda pake yofunikira ku Birch (Fluffy ndikupachika, makamaka mawonekedwe ake a Tristiata) ndi siliva (wamba, waku America) ). Pamitengo ya kukula kwakukulu monga osungunulira, ofiira ofiira, laimu ya ma mellolar ndi akulu, mgonero wa kavalo, chilombo, chilombo, chilombo, chilombocho, chimakhala. Monga owonera, zimawoneka bwino m'matanga nkhuni ndi chisoti cha makriki ndi matray a lilhouette, bugger ya ku Japan, mtengo wa mtengo wa mtengo, Great.
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13-17. Kuphukira kumavumbula nthambi zamitengo. Makamaka Crigs okongola, mwachitsanzo, mabulosi apulo (13). Mphesa Zokongoletsa (14) ndi Plum wachikasu (15) pafupi ndi Autumn zojambulidwa ndi zipatso zawo. Peyala (16) ndi mitengo ya maapulo (17) Kukula chopukusira kumapereka kukolola koyambirira kwambiri. Izi ndichifukwa cha kulumikizana kwa korona. Njira yabwino ndikubzala kugwada.
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18-23. Vuto la Zomera: Zovala zophimba mitengo zimasuntha m'mitengo yamitengo yotsimikizira (18, 19); Nut Wavy Amazunza masamba a mtedza (20); Milmbow (21) imatha kugwera ndi lilac, currant, viburnum, barberry; Monylize (22), wowonda, monga lamulo, zikhalidwe zamakhalidwe zimakhala pakatikati - pazithunzi za Udindo wa Weimutov mu gawo ili. Dzimbiri (23).
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Munda wa zipatso, monga momwe mudatchulira koyambirira kwa kuyankhulanako, kukuwoneka kotsika pokongoletsa zokongoletsera. Komabe, olima ena amasungabe kudzipereka kubzala mitengo yazipatso. Kodi kusintha kwasintha kwatsukidwa bwanji pankhaniyi posachedwapa?
Tsopano zochulukira komanso nthawi zambiri za malo ang'onoang'ono, mukuyesa kusankha mitundu yotsika kwambiri pa Semi-Dwarf ndi Dandarf ndi paradiso wa badagovyky pamtengo wa apulosi). Mitengo yolima imakhala ndi korona comping yabwino ndipo ili bwino mu kapangidwe ka dimba yaying'ono. Wobzala ndi mtundu wa mitengo ya maapulo, ndikuletsa nthambi za mafupa ammbali, koma komabe mokwanira. Ngati tikambirana za mitengo iyi, ndiye mwa ena otchuka kwambiri - Purezidenti, "Maluha", "ndalama", ndalama ". Komanso pachinthula cha mafashoni, kulima kwa anthu otchedwa mainchesi. Aliyense wa iwo akuimira mitundu ingapo ya maapulo kapena mapeyala omenyedwa mu dontho limodzi.
Zotsatira zake ndi wolima dimba ndi mtengo wachilendo, kupereka "chokolola" chosakhazikika. Mitengo yotere imalimbana mokwanira ndi nyengo yovuta, khalani ndi mawonekedwe oyamba. Aliyense wa iwo amatha kusintha mitengo kapena mapeyala angapo nthawi imodzi. Kuphatikiza apo, chifukwa chotha kuyesedwa maluwa ochokera kosiyanasiyana, zipatso zimakhala bwino.
Kodi ndizotheka kuyankhula za mitengo yazipatso ngati zokongoletsera?
Inde, pali chizolowezi chotere - kongoletsani dera la mapiko a apulo. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito mitundu yokongola yopangidwa ndi korona yokongola, koma nthawi zambiri - mitundu yokongoletsedwa bwino - ya apulosi yokongoletsa: Amayimirira m'mundamo osati panthawi yamaluwa owala, ndikusintha Sakura wotchuka, komanso m'dzinja nthawi yopaka utoto m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Mitundu yopanda mafuta (Moto wa Prairie, sedat kapena Rudolf) pinki, pintechovaya kapena masamba ofiirira amasungidwa nyengo yonse yakula. Kongoletsani kwambiri mundawo m'matumba ophukira, osati mitundu yachikhalidwe yachikhalidwe, komanso mitundu yamiyambo yokha - amamva, mchenga, steppe. Tsegulani dimba mu masika ndi maula. Kungoti chomera chimayenera kukhala ndi mitengo ingapo pafupi kuti asinthidwe. Mitundu Yogula kwambiri - "Hungary Moccow", "Eurasia 21", "Eurasia 21", "aleshka", "kasupe".
Kusankhidwa kwa mitundu yoyenerera ndi mitundu ndi gawo loyamba logwira ntchito ndi mitengo. Ndi zovuta ziti zomwe zingatengeke kuwonjezera pa ndandanda ya "kuthirira pa ndandanda" (kuthirira, kudyetsa ndikuchepetsa)?
Tsoka lenileni la fir ndi mizere m'magawo a madera ena ndi zigawo zina zinali korodey. Amadziwika ndi gulu la ma tizilombo a Xylophages (kupatula oyendetsa sitima omwe ali pagululi, Usachi) - Ndi Woutsa Wowonda, Kuyang'ana kutumphuka. Kuwukira kwa koroedov kuchitika chifukwa chakuti nkhalango za ku Moscow dera zaka zapitazi ndipo sadzalandira chisamaliro choyenera, palinso kuwonongeka kwa mitengo nthawi ya chitukuko.
Vitoga amawuma chachikulu m'dera la Array - nkhondo yolimbana ndi kororades ndi yovuta komanso yodula. Zotsatira zake, malo achinsinsi akuvutika. Ngati timalankhula za matenda a zipatso, m'mbiri ya masiku ano, iwo amafalitsa m'minda yathu kuwombera bubsitesi (kugwedeza mtengo wa maapulo), zizindikiritso, masamba owuma) ndi moto wowuma zamiyala. Matupi a mavuto ndi matenda amatsogolera ngati malo olakwika - m'malo okhala ndi madzi okwanira (osakwana 1.5-2m) ndi kubzala malo ozizira ndi mitengo yopanda kaboni.