Masiku ano, mayankho ogwira mtima opindulitsa amagwira ntchito pomanga denga la padenga ndikugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zonse zapadera. Zonsezi zimakuthandizani kuti muwonjezere moyo wa padenga la padenga, zipangireni kukhala chokongoletsa komanso kupereka miccroclimate yabwino kwambiri m'chipinda chapamwamba. Otenga nawo mbali pa seminar yotsatira mu TVD
Masiku ano, mayankho ogwira mtima opindulitsa amagwira ntchito pomanga denga la padenga ndikugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zonse zapadera. Zonsezi zimakuthandizani kuti muwonjezere moyo wa padenga la padenga, zipangireni kukhala chokongoletsa komanso kupereka miccroclimate yabwino kwambiri m'chipinda chapamwamba. Otenga nawo mbali pa seminar yotsatira mu TVD
Akatswiri Athu
woyendetsa Mwa malonda Makampani "Madenga Ofiira" | 
wokonza magalimoti Walonda Makampani "Madenga Ofiira" | 
mtovu zakompyuta kaswiri Makampani Ursa eurasia |
Katswiri wamkulu Makampani "ku Tegola. Oyendayenda » | 
Prosordovskaya, Girni wamkulu Veluxee | 
wa zonse Mkulu wakampani Makampani "Oletsedwa" |
Kodi padenga limakhala lolondola nthawi zonse?
Alexander Kernik. Pafupifupi nthawi zonse. Choyamba, yankho ili limakupatsani mwayi wokonza chipindacho ndipo potero ndikuwonjezera dera la nyumbayo ndi mtengo wochepa. Mphamvu yosanjikiza imateteza kuzizira, komanso kuchokera kutentha. Chifukwa chake, ngakhale chipindacho chikukonzekera kugwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yachilimwe, ndikofunikira kutengera padenga la padenga, kuti kutentha kwa mpweya mkati kumakhala komasuka tsiku lalikulu kwambiri. Inde, ndikofunikira kupereka makonzedwe am'munsi pa gawo la nyumbayo. Mosiyana ndi izi, ndikofunikira kukwaniritsa ntchito yovuta pa zida za mpweya pansi padenga ndipo, mwina, kuti muchepetse malo othandiza m'chipindacho.
Kodi ndizotheka kupaka padenga ndi zinthu zowonda?
Valery Aesterrov. Mitundu yocheperako yambiri yomwe imatulutsa mpweya wa mpweya wa mpweya wophatikizidwa ndi zigawo zowoneka bwino - izi ndi zinthu zamakono zamakono. Tiyeni tinene pa chiwonetsero cha Batimat chaposachedwa cha mphoto yoyamba ya chinthu choyambirira chidalandira wopanga mitundu yambiri yofananira ndi kutentha michere yayikulu makulidwe. Komabe, kuvutira koteroko ndikosavuta pokonzanso kapena kukonza denga, koma ndi ntchito yatsopano sadzatha kupereka chipembedzo chomveka bwino.
Kodi ndi chimbudzi chiti chomwe ndi chotchuka kwambiri?
Alexander Kernik. Pa madenga omangika, kutchinjiriza michere potengera fiberglass nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zipangizozi zimapangidwa mu mawonekedwe a mbale (m'mitolo) kapena mats (mu ma rolls). Malo a Stamp akuti amakondedwa ndi wachiwiri, popeza amapanga mafuta ogwiritsira ntchito mafuta osasunthika osasweka ndi ming'alu pakati pazigawo za kusokonezeka. Zogulitsa zoterezi zimaphatikizidwa wina ndi mnzake, ndikupanga mawonekedwe a homogeneous. Amakhala olimba, opanda ming'alu ndi mipata, moyandikana ndi zibowo pakukhazikitsa kwa Cospor. Nthawi yomweyo, udindo waukulu umaseweredwa chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa nkhaniyo komanso kuthekera kwake pakati pa zomangira, osati kachulukidwe, monga anthu ambiri amaganiza.
Kodi makulidwe am'mimba am'mimba ndi ati?
Valery Aesterrov. Omanga ku Finland amakhulupirira kuti makulidwe abwino ndi 800mm. Miyezo yamakono ya Finland imapereka, ngati siyikulakwitsa, 600mm. Iyo idzilungamitsa: mwini nyumba amapeza ndalama zodzikongoletsera panthawi yomanga, koma pambuyo pake amalipira pang'ono potenthetsa. Russia ikuyandikira mtengo wa mphamvu kupita ku Europe, chifukwa chake timalimbikitsa kukonza kutentha kwa mphindi 250-400mm. Kudzachepetsa kwambiri kutaya kutentha kudutsa padenga.
Alexander Kernik. Mwachitsanzo: Pakatikati pa Russia iliyonse imapereka ndalama zomwe zimapereka ndalama kwa pafupifupi 18 pakani. Ndi padenga 1m2 pachaka. Ndiye kuti, malo okhala padenga la 100m2 ndi nthawi yogwira zaka 50, zotsatira zachuma za kugwiritsa ntchito zowonjezera 50m kutentha kudzakhala ma ruble 90,000.
Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zingakhale zotchinga bwino kwambiri?
Valery Aesterrov. Imakakamizidwa kukhala yolimba, pulasitiki yayikulu, kotero kuti itha kuyikika m'malo opsinjika (m'deralo kuti ithe kuwonongeka, karnizov ive.d.), ndipo mudali ku ma dekard Mawindo, zinthuzi zikhala motsogozedwa ndi dzuwa. Chofunikira china chamakono: Vaporizolation iyenera kukhala ndi zida zonse zofunikira: zomata, kusindikiza ndi kuphatikizira nthiti.
Mafilimu ophatikizika kapena wosanjikiza wa phula la aluminiyamu umakulolani kuti musunge pakutenthetsa, chifukwa gawo la mphamvu yowala limawonekera mchipindacho. Kuphatikiza apo, zophimba zitsulo zimateteza ku elemabogneti ndi wayilesi. Ku Chermarnia, filimu yotchinga yotchinga iyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pomanga kapena kumanganso masukulu ndi masukulu kuti atetezedwe ku "election elesging". Ndikofunikira kuganizira zomwe zida kupopera mbewuzo, poyerekeza ndi zojambula, ndizosavuta kugwira ntchito, popeza zojambulazo zopanda kanthu nthawi yoteteza.
Kodi mukufuna kusiyana kwa mpweya pakati pa vaporizoation ndi zokongoletsera zapakhomo?
Valery Aesterrov. Zofunika. Zimafunikira makamaka pakuteteza gasket mu mawaya, kukhazikitsa nyali, ma elesporteunt, mapaipi. Monga machitidwe amathandizira, magetsi ndi okhazikika a njira zamadzi zimayambitsidwa ndi kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa makulidwe a nthunzi: amadulidwa ndikugwetsa filimuyo, ndipo nthawi zina amachotsa zidutswa.
Ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga chitsogozo chamadzi?
Valery Aesterrov. Mtundu woyenera kwambiri ndi mawonekedwe a nembanemba. Imateteza kutchinjiriza ndi kapangidwe kano chinyontho, ndipo nthawi yomweyo zimalepheretsa kusintha kwa mpweya kudzera padenga. Koma zinthuzo zimadutsa nthezo zamadzi, kotero itha kuyikika mwachindunji pa kuperewera. Makanema ophikira kwenikweni, kuphatikiza microparour, amafunikira zida za kusiyana kwa kusiyana kwamphamvu. Ziyenera kudziwa kuti mpweya wa m'mlengalenga udzasaukiridwa mmenemo - chonyowa ndi kutentha. Zofananazo nthawi zambiri ndizovuta kwambiri kuwonetsetsa kuti mitundu ya mpweya mu mpweya wabwino.
Kodi mungawonetsetse bwanji kuti muchepetse malo okwanira mu malo ofesa, kumaso ndi mapaipi ndi mapaipi, pafupi ndi mawindo a centuc?
Valery Aesterrov. Malo osungirako adzakhala ndi kukhazikitsa zina zowonjezera - aerarators kapena kuchita zopinga zolimba. Pali njira ina yomwe kukhazikitsidwa ndi magawo osiyana kuti mpweya ukhoza kulowa m'malo ovuta. Chinsinsi cha yankho labwino pa vutoli ndi njira yolondola padenga (kusiyana kwake mpweya), ndi phwando lotere, monga zomangira, sizabwino. Malinga ndi zomwe takumana nazo, nditha kunena kuti mafupa opsya mtima, omwe amatembenuza kuwomba pang'ono kwa mphepo kumatha kukhala kofunika kwambiri. Iwo kwambiri amatulutsa bwino mpweya kuchokera pansi pa padenga: 1 kapena ma turbines awiri amatha kupulumutsa padenga.
Kusiyana pakati pa simenti ndi matailosi amchenga kuchokera kwa ceramic?
Alexey Zaiwain. Choyamba, muzomera zogwiritsidwa ntchito. Kwa nkhani yoyamba, ndi njira ya mchenga ndi simenti, komanso yachiwiri - dongo lachilengedwe. Matayala amchenga-amchenga mu kapangidwe kameyo sakuwotcha, ndikuwuma m'chipinda chapadera kutentha kwa 60 C. Kenako kuyenera kupuma osachepera masiku 28 mlengalenga kotero kuti konkriti idatulutsa linga. Chifukwa cha kusankha kwa zigawo ndiukadaulo wapadera wosinthira, zinthuzo ndizolimba kuposa konkriti wamba. Pambuyo poumba, matayala oterewa amaphimbidwa ndi utoto wamapazi wobwereza mkaka womwe umapangitsa kuti mawonekedwe azikhala osagwirizana. Ma taments-mchenga ndi wotsika mtengo kwambiri kuposa wa ceramic, koma pafupifupi 10% yovuta, yotsika mumitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso njira zopatsirana ndipo kenako imawalira padzuwa.
Kodi kuchuluka kwa nthawi kotha kutumikiridwa kwa nthawi yayitali munthawi yathu?
Alexey Zaiwain. Kukhazikika kwa matayala kumadalira pa chipilala cha kutentha kwa mpweya, komanso kumayiko ambiri ku Europe, m'malo ambiri aku Europe, m'malo mwake pamakhala gawo lalikulu kuposa m'gawo lalikulu la Russia. Chifukwa chake, ngati zinthuzo zimatha kupirira ma cjecreing / defrost, ndizokwanira kudera lathu.
Mu Muravyova. Pochita izi, ntchito ya moyo wa anthu wamba nthawi zina amafika zaka 100. Izi sizili mbendera, kugonjetsedwa ndi ultraviolet ndi mediative media ndipo ndi yolimba: padenga la matayala a ceramic itha kukhala akuyenda. Komabe, pamafunika maziko ndi kuchuluka kwamphamvu kwambiri, ndipo ndikokwera mtengo.
Kodi Maziko Okhala ndi Manda Kodi Ayenera Kukhala Chiyani?
Alexey Zaiwain. Gawo laling'ono lazomwe zidapangidwa ndi 50x150m, gawo lawo ndi 600-900mm, kutengera kutalika kwa mabeleti, kudutsa kumapazi ena. Pamaso pa 10 mpaka 16 pamwamba pa rafter, ndikofunikira kupha kabati yolimba. Gawo lotsatira la kukhazikitsa ndikuyika filimu yopanda madzi ndi chipangizo cha mayeso otsutsa, omwe amapereka zowonjezera. Gawo Lokwanira la mipiringidzo yake ndi 50x50mm, ndipo mtunda pakati pawo umatengera mawonekedwe a skates. Kenako, pamwamba ndi wozungulira wozungulira wozungulira wa gawo lomweli.
Mapewa ovutikira kwambiri pakukhazikitsa kuposa zida zina zodetsa?
Mu Muravyova. Inde, poika ma tales, zovuta zambiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo muyenera kudziwa cholinga chilichonse. Chifukwa chake, kukhazikitsa padenga kuyenera kuchitika ndi akatswiri.
Kodi nchifukwa ninji chimachitika chifukwa chofuna kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zambiri zowoneka bwino?
Mu Muravyova. Tile zachilengedwe ndi zinthu zomwe sizikulamulirani, motero, ndizosatheka kupereka madzi ofunda pa ndege ndi m'magawo ena. Pa denga lokhala ndi mbali ziwiri, kuwonjezera pa zomwe zidzatseke zomwe zimatsekedwa, malo osungirako malowa amafunikira, matayala a kutsogolo, mapulagini kumapeto. Zimatsimikizika kuti kutsata zigawo zotsika mtengo kuchokera kwa opanga ena sangathe chifukwa cha kukula kwa kukula, geometry ya zinthu wamba ndi mitundu ya ma groove.
Ndi zolakwika ziti zomwe nthawi zambiri zimaloledwa pokweza denga?
Alexey Zaiwain. Vuto lodziwika bwino komanso lalikulu ndikulemba kolakwika pa skate. Kuimba mtundu wa matailosi pali gawo lina (isanafike) zinthu wamba. Ngati kuwerengera kumapangidwa ndi cholakwika, sadzagwera m'malo awo. Aeesli anakwera matayala m'maso, ndipo mwina padenga ndipo sadzadutsa madzi, koma kuwonongeka kwa uncess ndi kupindika kwamiyendo.
Zikatero, muyenera kuphatikizidwa ndi matailosi odzikongoletsa?
Alexey Zaiwain. Kukhazikitsa gawo lililonse ndi kudzikonzera komwe kumafunikira pokhapokha ngati mbiya yayikulu kwambiri (zoposa 60). Ngati ngodya ndi yocheperako, ndiye kuti muyenera kupenda matailosi okha, omwe ali pamutu, zitunda, zimapangitsa, cornice ndi kutsogolo kwa mapaipi, makoma ndi mawindo a mando. Thupi lina lokhala pansi. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti kukhazikitsidwa kwa chilichonse kudzavuta kukonza denga padenga lake.
Kodi mawonekedwe osinthika?
Mikhail Georgiev. Awa ndi zinthu zingapo. Monga lamulo, ndi chitsiriro cha fiberglass chophatikizidwa ndikuphimbidwa ndi phula la oxidized kapena osinthidwa kuchokera pamwamba (kutsogolo) chamichere.
Kodi pali kusiyana pakati pa mabatani okusintha ndi osinthika?
Mikhail Georgiev. Kwa nkhani yoyamba, njira yopanga zopangira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito: phula lotentha limatsukidwa ndi mpweya mpaka kutalika kwa mayere. Chifukwa cha izi, pakugwira ntchito, zinthu za zinthuzo zasinthidwa pang'onopang'ono. Komabe zimachitika. Popita nthawi, ming'alu imawoneka pansi, imagwera mwa iwo, chifukwa cha kuzizira / kuwononga madzi osinthika. Uwu ndi mitundu yotsika mtengo.
Posintha phomen, ma polity amawonjezeredwa - styrene-butadiene-styrene (sbs) kapena anic polyproplene (pulogalamu). Zikatero, zinthuzo zimapeza chisanu ndi kukana kutentha, zotanuka komanso kukana kwabwino kwa katundu wamakina. Koma pali zosiyana. Bitumen, kusinthidwa kwa SBS, kusunga ma pulasitiki ambiri osalimbikitsa, kotero imatha kuyikika pa matayala ake pamaziko ake nyengo yozizira. Koma mukamagwiritsa ntchito pulogalamuyi, zinthu sizimakonda kusintha pa kutentha kwambiri - khalidweli ndizofunikira makamaka kum'mwera madera akumwera.
Kodi kukhazikika kwa matailosi osinthika kumadalira mtundu wa script?
Mikhail Georgiev. Kuwaza mchere kumateteza wosanjikiza wamkulu wa ultraviolet ndikupatsa katundu wokongoletsa zinthu. Popanga zinthu zotsika mtengo zotsika mtengo, slag imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Pazinthu zomwe zili pamsika wathu, monga lamulo, gwiritsani ntchito granite, shale kapena basalt crumb. Mcheri wotsiriza womaliza umaganiziridwa bwino kwambiri, chifukwa sizitengera chinyontho, chifukwa chosamwa chinyezi, osatopa komanso cholimba. Ndikuwona kuti ndizotheka kuti mutetezedwe bwino ku ultraviolet malo pokhapokha pogwiritsa ntchito chowaza chokha: Pakadali pano, magaleta ang'onoang'ono kudzaza malo pakati pa zokutira zazikulu komanso zokutira. Ndikofunikanso kudziwa kuti pali njira zosiyanasiyana zokokera zokomera. Kupaka utoto chabe ndi kuwombera m'ng'anjo kumatsimikizira kuti nthawi zonse amakhala ndi moyo wonse.
Kodi chitsimikizo chotani pa file yosinthika ndi moyo woyenera kutumikiridwa?
Mikhail Georgiev. Nthawi zambiri nthawi yovomerezeka ndi zaka 10-15. Opanga madzi amatha zaka 30-50. Moyo wa mitundu yosavuta kwambiri ya matailosi osinthika ndi pafupifupi zaka 25-30, ndi zida zapamwamba kwambiri zopanga zazikulu - zoposa 50 zaka zoposa 50.
Kodi kuthana ndi Moss padenga?
Mikhail Georgiev. Kamodzi munyengoyo, malo ake ayenera kuthandizidwa ndi katswiri wa chlorine wokhala ndi mawonekedwe apadera.
Kodi zofuna za maziko a mataulidwe osinthika?
Mikhail Georgiev. Iyenera kukhala yolimba, yosalala, yolimba komanso yowuma. Mpaka pano, mbale za Osp-3 nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuchirikiza Plywood Plywood (FSF) ndi yoyenera, komanso yozungulira kapena yozungulira ndi chinyezi, osaposa 20%.
Kodi ndikofunikira kuti mafuta osinthira ma tambala osinthika?
Mikhail Georgiev. Madenga okhala ndi abale mpaka 30 akulimbikitsidwa kuti atseketse madzi. Ngati mphezi zimaposa izi, zimateteza ndalama zokhazokha ndi ziphuphu. Magawo amenewo a madenga omwe amatha kuputa mthumba la chipale chofewa amawonedwa ngati ovuta: Kumva ndi mandonard, utsi ndi mapaipi a mpweya wabwino. Zimakhudzanso kusazimira kowonjezereka.
Kodi mutha kuyika denga mchikondi ndi padenga?
Marina Prodarovskaya. Windows yachikhalidwe imayikidwa padenga ndi zokongoletsera za 15-90. Zoletsa zimatengera mitundu ina: Mwachitsanzo, zenera la khonde limatha kukhazikitsidwa pamalo otsetsereka ndi ngodya ya otayika 35-53. Vasasuks vasostinet pali mawindo apadera a anti-anti-anting a padenga (0-15).
Momwe mungawerengere kuchuluka kwa ma windows a Mansard ndi komwe mungawaike?
Marina Prodarovskaya. Zochepa kuti zikhale malo okhala mmalo okhala m'chipindacho ndi 1: 10. Ndikuwona kuti gawo la kapangidwe kake limagwiritsidwa ntchito, kotero mu kabuku ka Valuxe pa Tsamba Lirilonse " adawonetsa mderalo. Ma windows mansard, monga chofukizira mwachizolowezi, akulimbikitsidwa kuti aikidwe pamtunda wa 80-100 cm kuchokera pansi. Sikuti zimangopereka kudzikuza kwachilengedwe, komanso kumakupatsaninso kusilira malingaliro. Mawindo owonjezera pamwamba pa ndodo padenga amathandizira mpweya wabwino kwambiri.
Kodi kusankhidwa kwa zenera kumatengera zinthu zodulira?
Marina Prodarovskaya. Tsopano mawindo a Manakond amatha kukhazikitsidwa m'madenga omwe ali ndi chilichonse. Pali zodabwitsa za mtundu wa malipiro. Njira yapamwamba - malipiro a aluminium. Imaphatikiza bwino ndi zida zolengedwa kwambiri kwambiri. Komabe, tsopano msika umapereka mkuwa, ndi zokutira za Titanium. Malipiro ochokera ku zitsulo izi amaperekedwanso pamzere wa exek. Kupatula apo, ngati mungagwiritse ntchito malipiro a aluminium padenga lamkuwa, ndiye kuti patatha zaka 1-2 chifukwa cha electrochemion, uzigwedezeka ndikusiya kuteteza kusokonekera.
Kodi mumapereka bwanjizenera pafupi ndi zenera la padenga la padenga?
Marina Prodarovskaya. Monga lamulo, gawo lapadera lamagetsi kuchokera ku BDX Grat ndilokwanira kuwonetsetsa kuti kutentha kwa gawo loipali. Koma ngati gawo la mipiringidzo ya crate ndi cholumikizira ndizoposa 50X50mm, zowonjezera zowonjezereka za malo otsetsereka kuchokera mkati mwa chipinda chapamwamba ndichofunikira.
Kodi zoyambitsa zoyambitsa m'dera la zenera la utoto ndi ziti?
Marina Prodarovskaya. Mukakhazikitsa, ndikofunikira kulumikiza chosanjikiza chilichonse chodetsedwa "pie" ndi gawo lolingana mozungulira kuzungulira pazenera la apakati. Posakayikira, kutaya ndikotheka. Nthawi yomweyo, ndikofunikira kuganizira kuti chinyezi sichimangobwera kuchokera padenga, komanso kuchokera pa kusiyana kwa mpweya wabwino, komanso kulowa pa chitumbuko chodetsa kuchokera mkati mwa chipinda cham'mtunda. Chifukwa chake, kukhazikitsa zenera la utoto kuyenera kuchitidwa molingana ndi malangizo a wopanga kapena kugwiritsa ntchito ntchito za akatswiri okhazikitsa.