Chifukwa chiyani timafunikira madzi ovoola?

Kwa madandaulo ambiri, maluso aukadaulo ndi chinsinsi cha Zisindikizo Zisanu ndi ziwiri. Zambiri zokhudzana ndi kutentha, chimbudzi ndi kupezeka kwa munthu aliyense wamkulu wa "nkhani imodzi, tili ndi katundu wa akatswiri a akatswiri. Koma ngati muchotsa fanizoli podziwa, sizovuta kutsimikizira kuti zomwezo ngati nyumbayo

Kwa madandaulo ambiri, maluso aukadaulo ndi chinsinsi cha Zisindikizo Zisanu ndi ziwiri. Zambiri zokhudzana ndi kutentha, chimbudzi ndi kupezeka kwa munthu aliyense wamkulu wa "nkhani imodzi, tili ndi katundu wa akatswiri a akatswiri. Koma ngati muchotsa fanizoli podziwa, sizovuta kutsimikizira kuti zomwezo ngati nyumbayo

Bungwe la kuchuluka kwa madzi ndi limodzi mwa magawo oyamba a kanyumba. Zowona, "Poyamba" nthawi zambiri zimakhala zokhutiritsa ndi njira yosavuta kwambiri yomwe ili ndi chitsime, pampu yaying'ono yotseka ndi zidebe. Koma ndiye kufunika kofunikira kumachitika kuti ithe madzi kulowa mnyumba ndikukonza dongosolo lodzala ndi madzi. Kupitilira apo: Kusamba kwagalimoto, kusamba ndi kusamba kwapakuwoneka, kusambira ndi zina. Kukwaniritsa kufunika kwa madzi kumalola zida zamakono zopondera. Ndikofunikira kuti musankhe ndikuyika.

chimodzi

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1. Madzi am'madzi a nyumba: pampu yotsika (a); Kudyetsa pawese (b); tankitititititi yotupa (b); Kuperekera madzi kunja (g); Dump pampu (D); pampu ya centrifugal pakuthirira (e); Njuchi ya madzi (g).

2, 3. Mitundu yotchuka yamapampu yamphesa: DVP (sinthani) (2) ndi "Kividromash" (3). Mpanda wamadzi wapamwamba umachepetsa kuyamwa kwa sludge kuchokera pansi. Mtengo - 1000-1600.

Malinga ndi Lamulo la Newton

Wotchuka kuyambira nthawi zakale komanso mpaka dongosolo lodziwika bwino kwambiri lamadzi limakhala lokakamiza. Ili ndi mawu ake motere: madzi amapatsidwa kuchokera ku thanki yosungirako kwambiri, yomwe amapanga luntha la mfundo zoyendetsera madzi. Kuchuluka kwa thankiyo kumasankhidwa, kuyang'ana mayendedwe omwe akufuna, ndi kuwerengera kotereku kuti katunduyo akwanira kwa masiku 1-2. Tsopano akasinja okwanira nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi pulasitiki - polyethylene kapena polypropylene. Voliyumu yawo ikhoza kufikira 4M3 kapena kupitilira.

Kwa madzi opezeka pamapulogalamu, mapampu osokoneza bongo a mtundu wa chipongwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito posungiramo malo osungirako zinthu zakale. "Routh", "Kiivgidromash. Komabe, palibe chomwe chimalepheretsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa mitundu ina yamapampu osokoneza ndi pamtunda (adzafotokozedwanso).

Mapapu akunjenjemera ndi azachuma (amadya 150W okha), zotsika mtengo (800-1500 rubles) ndipo amatha kutumikila zaka zosachepera 3-4. Mofananamo, ophatikizidwa awa ndiosakhazikika pamadzi ndipo amagwira ntchito nthawi zambiri ndi mchenga komanso tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timayimitsa (komabe, mumiyala ya mphira imakulitsidwa mwachangu). Mapampu ophulika a mtundu amapanikizika kwambiri (mpaka 70m), omwe amakupatsani mwayi wopopa madzi ngakhale kuchokera kuzitsime zamchere zamchere. Zowona, chifukwa kugwedezeka kwa nyumba yamphongo, madzi nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mchenga; Kuphatikiza apo, magwiridwe antchito a ophatikizidwa (gawo ili mu zolemba zitha kutchedwa kuti zotulutsa ndi zotulutsa) ndizochepa kwambiri - 0.35-0.72 m3 / h. Koma ndi kukakamizidwa kokoka, sikusewera maudindo, popeza pampu mu kachitidwe chotere kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga madzi ndipo sakakamizidwa kuwonetsetsa nthawi yomweyo. Ndikofunikira kuti pampu ikhale ndi chitetezo chosasunthika, ndiye kuti chimphepo cha electromaatnet sichidzawotcha, ngakhale madzi pachitsime chatha.

Tembenukira kwa gwero

Kusankha pakati pa chitsime ndi chitsime kumadalira zinthu zambiri: malo ena a ku Eadesic, zosowa za kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'madzi, mtengo wa ntchito, zida, zida zoyeretsera madzi .D. Wojambula bwino, kuya kwa 50-150m kudzapereka madzi osavomerezeka omwe ali ndi vuto lanu (nthawi zambiri kuchuluka kwake koyenda ndi osachepera 10m3 / h). Kuchokera pachimake cha agfer (15-30m), ndizotheka kupopa 0.5-3.0 m3 / h. Chabwino, chitsime, mosasamala kanthu za kuya kwake, sikutha kupereka madzi oposa 3-4m3 patsiku. Madzi abwino, monga lamulo, woyimba waluso, koma ma doike akuwonekera mu izi. Zinthu za Kukula Kwathunthu ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zachuma Padziko Lapansi, izi zimatsogolera kuwonongeka kwachilengedwe ndi mankhwala. Oyang'anira, milandu yambiri, chitsime ndi chotsika mtengo kuposa zitsime. Mwachitsanzo, m'maowuni, kuya kwa kubowola kwamisinkhuli ndikosachepera 70m (mtengo 1m - 1.5-2.0 zikwi). Kubowola "pamchenga" kuchita makampani ochepa (pambali pake, nsomba zamadzizi sizili kutali paliponse). Kwa 1m, poganizira zofufuza zokumba, atenga ma ruble osachepera 3,000. Mphete zopangidwa bwino ndi ma runkriti zimawononga pafupifupi ma ruble pafupifupi 5-7. Kwa 1m. Nthawi yomweyo, bukuli limawerengedwa kuti ndi wokongola wa 4-6m. Koma ngakhale mphete za 8-10 zikayenera kuchepetsedwa pansi, chitsime chingakhale chotsika mtengo kuposa chitsime chochititsa chidwi. Tsopano mawu awiri okhudza kudalirika kwa kasupe wamadzi. Chifukwa cha kubowola kolakwika kapena pazifukwa zina (kusakwanira kwamadzi, osawoneka bwino), aliyense woyimba, ngakhale woyimba, ngakhale kulephera. Dziwani kuti chitsimikiziro chochokera pamchenga ndikusunga, monga lamulo, ndi masabata awiri okha. Ma Scchulles amathanso kuchitika (mwachitsanzo, zinthu zikasintha mothandizidwa ndi mphamvu za chisanu kapena kubzala zojambula), koma zimachitika zochepa nthawi zambiri. Momwemonso, mosiyana ndi cancing ya chitsime, yopangidwa ndi woonda (m'mimba mwake wa 100-133mm) zitsulo kapena pulasitiki, mgodi wa chinsalu chopangidwa ndi zingwe za simenti ndizosunga.

Mwapang'onopang'ono, kampu imayatsidwa pamanja, ndikuzimitsa pomwe madzi amatuluka pachipato chosefukira. Pofuna kuti dongosolo lizigwira ntchito popanda kutenga nawo mbali, kumafunikira chida chaphika, chomwe chidzayatsa pampu pomwe thankiyo ikadukiza ndikuyimitsa ikadzazidwa. Zowona, kupeza zinthu zowonda ngati izi sikophweka, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimayenera kulamulidwa kuchokera ku amisiri am'deralo. Zachidziwikire, ngati muli ndi zochita zokha popanda chitoliro cha transvuster, simungathe kuchita. Mosiyana ndi izi, ngati makina amalephera, mumawopseza Chigumula

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Ubwino wosatsimikiza wa machitidwe okhala ndi zokongoletsera ndi kudalirika kwakukulu komanso kulimba komwe kumaperekedwa ndi kuphweka kwa chipangizocho ndi magawo ochepa omwe akukumana ndi katundu wamphamvu. Kuphatikiza apo, madzi oterewa ndi osagwirizana: Kuwala kukusunthidwa, mumagwiritsa ntchito madzi ku chidebe.

Komabe, ndizosatheka kuti musazindikire zowonjezera kwambiri: kukakamizidwa kochepa m'dongosolo komanso chifukwa - kuthamanga kwa madzi. Kukweza thankiyo mpaka 1m pamwambapa, mumawonjezera kupsinjika kwa 0,01 MPA yokha. .

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4. Madzi am'madzi kutengera malo opondera kunja kwa nyumba: malo (a); Kusankhidwa chubu (b), kusungidwa ndi 1.5m; Pulumirani mapaipi (b); maziko olimba (g); Crane yothirira (d).

5. Kupopera station hydrojuet jp (Grandfos): DEY - mpaka 5m3 / h; Kukakamizidwa kuli 48m. Mtengo - kuchokera ma ruble 12,000.

6. PW mndandanda pampu (Wilo): DZINA - mpaka 2.7 m3 / h; Kupanikizika kuli mpaka 40m. Mtengo - kuchokera ku Ruble 6,000.

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7. Kukhazikitsa EMHIL (Wilo) kumakhala ndi pampu yambiri centrifugal ndi chosinthika cha pafupipafupi omwe chimayambitsa injini yosalala ndi madzi osasinthika. Mtengo - kuchokera ku Ruble 38,000.

8. Kukhazikitsa pamaziko a mapampu awiri olakwika komanso pafupipafupi.

9. Kupukutira Zovala Zokha Kumangopatsa Kukakamiza Kofunika kwa Ntchito Yapanyumba.

Pamtunda

Kukakamiza kothandizira kumatha kukhalabe ndi kukakamizidwa kokwanira mu malo apakhomo. Uwu ndi unit, zinthu zazikulu zomwe ndi pampu yowiritsa, mphamvu ya hydroaculator) ndi unit kukakamiza). Malo okhazikikawa amaikidwa pamtunda, ndipo payipi imatsitsidwa pachimake cholumikizidwa ndi phokoso la pampu.

Pakadali pano, malo otere amaimiridwa m'misika yanyumba. Mitundu monga "Khwale" ("Djlelex", Russia), Hydrojet, GWJ, HWJ (Alp), GWE) (Al-KIL) , Marina (ulmoni, Italy) Idr. Malo opondaponda amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'nyumba kuti akhale ndi moyo kosatha komanso mdziko muno. Mtsogolo, imayikidwa mu chipinda cham'misi kapena pansi kapena malo omenyera caisson - chitsulo kapena sinkrete chipinda cha chitsime kapena bwino. Nthawi yomweyo, chitoliro chomwe madzi amaperekedwa kunyumbayo, kuphulika pansi mwakuya. Kachiwiri, malo oyimilirawo akhoza kuyikidwa kulikonse (kumene, ndibwino pansi pa denga). Ndikofunikira kusankha mtundu woyenera wa mtundu woyenera ndipo musaiwale kuti mupumere gawo lisanayambe nyengo yozizira. Mwa njira, sizovuta kwambiri kuphatikiza madzi m'dongosolo ndi thanki yopanikizika konse kuposa yokoka.

Makhalidwe aukadaulo a station komanso moyo woyenera ntchito yake makamaka ndi chifukwa cha mtundu wa pampu ndi mawonekedwe ake. Mitundu yambiri yamitundu yambiri imakhala ndi mapampu amtundu wa centrifugal wokhala ndi injini ya roticary yokhala ndi 0,5-2.0 kw. Magwiridwe apakati pa mapampu oterewa ndi 2.5-4.5 m3 / h.

Amatha kukonza madzi kuchokera kuzama mpaka 8m (zina - mpaka 20m) ndikupanga kukakamizidwa mpaka 40-60m, ndiye kuti, kuti apange zotulutsa 0.4-0. Dziwani kuti payekhapamwamba aliyense wolowerera mafayilo amachepetsa kutalika kwa kukwera kwa 1.5-3.0 m. Musaiwale kukonzekereratu chakudya chambiri ndi valavu yoyang'ana, kuti musadikire nthawi iliyonse ikadzaza ndi madzi.

Kulera Masewera

Kuti muwonjezere kupsinjika m'magulu okhala ndi zokoka, mapampu apadera amagwiritsidwa ntchito - otchedwa akuwonjezeka. Izi zimagwira ntchito mwakachetechete, zimadya pafupifupi 100-300W. Chida choterocho chimangotembenukira kumayambiriro kwa madzi okhazikitsidwa ndi madzi ndikuwonjezera kupanikizika ndi 0.1-0.2 MPA. Vuto ndikuti pumpo limatha "kutumizidwa" gawo limodzi lokha madzi, ndipo pokhapokha ngati ili pafupi. (Kupanda kutero, ndikofunikira kudikira motalikirapo mpaka jet yamphamvu yomwe ikuyembekezeredwa imachokera ku crane.) Chifukwa, pampu yokwera iyenera kukhazikitsidwa musanakhale chosakanizika chilichonse. Izi sizingatchulidwe zotsika mtengo: mtengo wa pampu umodzi ndi ma ruble a ma ruble a ma rucs okwana magetsi, ndipo amayamba kugwira ntchito zamagetsi ndi zisudzo 3-6. Kukula kwa mapampu komanso kupondapondapo pompopompo nthawi zina kumakhazikika m'nyumba yokhala ndi zigawo zosakwanira m'madzi. Mawonekedwe osokoneza bongo ndi ovomerezeka. Komabe, Dziwani: Mukakhala ndi mphamvu, kusowa kwamadzi kwa nyumba zoyandikana kumakhala kovuta chabe.

Mutha kupezanso malo osomwa omwe amatha kupulumutsa madzi kuchokera pakuya kwakukulu (mpaka 40m), mwachitsanzo, mtundu wa Tr m 90 (Sair), APM (Speri). Zosinthazi zimakhala ndi chida chapadera - ejector yosavuta, yomwe imayankhula bwino ngati mainchesi 4. Ntchito zawo sizidutsa 1m3 / h, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndi zofanana ndi malo wamba. Amapangidwa kuti atulutse madzi zitsime zakuya, koma chifukwa sadzathetsa, chifukwa sasunga kuwonongeka kwa magetsi m'madzi. Mwambiri, mapampu onse a centrifugal amakhala osamala ndi mchenga ndi ilua: Zoyenera zomwe zimayikiridwa m'madzi siziyenera kupitirira 150 g / m3. Chowonadi ndi chakuti tizilombo totere, tikanakhala pakati pa masamba a gudumu, kuponyera madzi, ndi makoma a chipinda chogwira, kusokoneza injini kuti muyambe kuyimitsa.

Malo ena amasonkhanitsidwa pamaziko a mapampu a vortex. Wotsirizayo amaperekanso mphamvu yayikulu, mtengo wotsika mtengo komanso wopaka kwambiri kuposa centrifugal, koma khalani ndi zipatso zochepa. Pulo yofananayo imakonda kwambiri smig yolimba (zomwe zili nazo siziyenera kupitirira 20-40 g / m3), ndi phokoso pakuchita opareshoni yake 45-55db, pomwe centrifugal "imapereka" zopereka "pafupifupi 35db.

Kuwerengera malita ndi mascals

Amakhulupirira kuti munthu amadya pafupifupi malita 150 patsiku. Ngati mukufuna kusangalala ndi zikwama zakufa ndi hydromassage, mtengo wake uyenera kuwonjezeka ndi 30%, komanso pokhazikitsa makina ofunda ndi makina ochapira - ena 10%. Kuthirira m'munda, mufunika osachepera 200-300L pa 100m2. Nthawi zambiri, kwa banja la anthu atatu, pali tanki yokwanira yokhala ndi voliyumu yokwanira 450-600l. Ndizovuta kwambiri kuwerengera zomwe zikufunika ndikuponya kupsinjika m'dongosolo ndi malo oyambira. Ndikofunikira kuti gawo lomwe limapereka magawo pafupifupi 0,2 MPA iliyonse pamadzi aliwonse othandizira pa nthawi imodzi. Pankhaniyi, ndikofunikira kuganizira kukana kwa hydraulic ya kachitidweko, komwe kumapangitsa kutaya kwamadzi ndipo kumadalira kutalika kwa madzi, kutalika kwa mapaipi amadzi onse ndi zinthu zina. Pofuna kuti musagule mphamvu zosafunikira (komanso zodula) zosafunikira ndipo nthawi yomweyo sizimavutika pambuyo pake chifukwa chosowa kupsinjika, munthawi zonse muyenera kupanga kuwerengera. Tidzathandiza akatswiri ochokera makampani kupereka magetsi.

Gawo lofunikira la popopera popopera ndi thanki yopanikizika. Amapangidwa ndi chitsulo - osakhazikika kapena osakhazikika kaboni, ndi thanki ina ya zotanuka (nthawi zambiri zimapangidwa ndi mphira wachilengedwe) zimayikidwa mkati. Tankyo imatha kupanga kukakamizidwa chifukwa cha mpweya, wokwera m'malo pakati pa "peyala" ndi makoma achitsulo. Thanki ya Hydroaculator ikhoza kukhala 0,3-60l. Nthawi yomweyo, akatswiri alibe mgwirizano pa momwe kuchuluka kwa thanki kuli koyenera. Mbali imodzi, yosungirako zambiri imateteza pampu kuchokera kuzomwezo pafupipafupi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ziwalo zikhale zosakwana mbali zake zonse, makamaka pamagetsi amagetsi. Olimba - Mukamawononga madzi kuchokera ku hydroacbuumulator, kukakamizidwa pang'onopang'ono kumatsikira ndipo kumabwezeretsanso kwabwino pokhapokha potembenuka pampu. Komabe, monga momwe zitsanzo zikuwonetsera, zotsatira zabwino zitha kupezeka ndi ma hydroaculators. Kusankha kuthamanga kwa tank mu thanki atayesa kusinthasintha / kusinthanso, mutha kupewa zopsinjika zazifupi za kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa madzi ndi kupanikizika kwakukulu. Khazikitsani kukakamizidwa m'dongosolo kumathandizanso kutembenuka kwa pafupipafupi. Chipangizochi chimakhudzidwa ndi kuwerengera kwa kupanikizana ndikusintha kampo kumatengera kukula kwamadzi kumwa. Mwa njira, itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu dongosolo ndi pampu iliyonse ya centrifugal, kuphatikizapo bwino.

Mawu ojambulira magwiridwe antchito kuti sakufunika chisamaliro chanu. Ikufunika kuthira madzi kulowa pampu isanayambe ndi 1 nthawi zingapo mu mankhwala angapo kuti muwone kukakamiza kwa mpweya.

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10. Makina a madzi kutengera malo opondera pompopopa mum'pansi: Station (a); Kuphukira kwamadzi kudya (b); Kupanga Madzi akunja (b); maziko olimba (g); faucet pakuthirira (D); Chongani valavu (e).

11. Station "Jumbo" 70/50 P-50 ("Dzhelex") yokhala ndi pampu komanso wopanda banga. Mtengo - kuchokera pa 10 500 rubles.

12. JP 5 (Grandfos) Pampu 775W imapereka 4m3 / HE. Mtengo - kuchokera ma ruble 7,000.

13. Kuponda kompopompo kwa "Jambo" ("Djax") kumatha kuyamwa madzi kuchokera 9m. Kuchuluka kwa hydraulkock ndi 24-50l, chakudya wamba ndi 4.2 m3 / h. Mtengo - kuyambira 6800 puli.

Chinyontho chochokera pansi

Kuti athetse madzi kuchokera ku zitsime zamimba ndi mchenga, komanso zitsime zakuya kugwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera - mitengo yamapulogalamu osokoneza bongo. Amatha kukhala centrifugal, vortex ndi zomangira. Poyamba ndi chachiwiri chimapanikizika kwambiri, koma chidwi kwambiri ndi madzi (osati kwa zonyansa zamakina zokha, komanso kusungunuka). Nthawi yomweyo, mitundu ya centrifugal iyenera kusankhidwa, chifukwa ndizodalirika ndipo zimapangidwa. Chachitatu chiri mwamphamvu kwambiri (50-70%), koma mchenga ndi kuyimitsidwa kwina sikungawavulaze chilichonse - ophatikizidwa amtunduwu amaloledwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngakhale kuyeretsa ndi kubwezeretsa zitsime.

Mulingo wa pamtengo wa pompompom ndi mainchesi 3 kapena 4, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zithetse chitoliro cha zomwe zimapangidwira (chingwe chosapanga dzimbiri chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kuyimitsidwa). Kuzama kwapatu, katswiri wobowola amathetsa. Zimachita koyamba.

Msampha wopanda zosayenera

M'madera a ma stamu, madzi a arsisia nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mchere wambiri, laimu kapena chitsulo ndipo amafunikira kuyeretsa kovuta komwe kumagwirizana ndi ndalama zambiri. Kuti madzi abwino amakhala oyenera kumwa, nthawi zambiri amayenera ku chlorine iyo kapena kupanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zosefera. Komabe, ziyenera kuchitika pokhapokha mutapeza zolondola pamadzi. Zofananira ndi zonunkhira zimathandizira kuthana ndi zonyansa za mankhwala ndi ma ruble 32,000, zosefera maluwa 35,000 ndi ma rubles (ochokera ma ruble 22,000). Zipangizo zonsezi sizifuna kusinthanso zinthu zosefera, koma zimafunikira kusinthasintha kwa nthawi yayitali kapena kubwezeretsanso yankho. Kuti muchotse madzi osungunuka m'madzi, muyenera kugula mzati (kuchokera ku ma ruble 45). Chlorinators amathandizidwa kuti adziwe madzi ophera tizilombo (kuchokera ku ma ruble 6,000) ndi maluwa a ultraviolet (kuyambira 4500 pulity.).

Zipangizozi zimasankhidwa kutengera kuya kwa chitsime ndi ntchito zofunika. Opanga otsogolera amapereka mitundu ingapo yamapampu, iliyonse yomwe imapezeka osachepera asanu. Mwachitsanzo, SQ (Grandfos) imaphatikizapo mayina oposa 50 omwe ali ndi zaka za 0.7-1.85 kW, zomwe zimakhala ndi zovuta za 43-238m ndipo ndi mphamvu ya 1.65-9 / h.

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14. Makina a madzi kutengera pampu yosokoneza ndi hydraul: pampu (a); Bloomwed Dutch chubu (B); Kupanga Madzi akunja (b); maziko olimba (g); Hydrobac (d); Kuchotsa makina oyendetsera nokha (e).

15. Mpukutu kampu ya SQ mndandanda (Grandfos), yomwe imaphatikizapo ma makumi asanu ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi magwiridwe antchito. Mtengo - 20-100,000,000,000,000.

16. vyyxi mndandanda pampu (Djilex ") imakupatsani mwayi wotuluka m'matumbo kuchokera ku zitsime za mchenga ndi zitsime zakuya.

17. Model Twi (Wilo) ali ndi kusintha kwa kukakamiza ndi zodzitchinjiriza

Masiku ano, anthu ambiri akumayiko akunja akupereka zida zopondapompopompoms pamsika waku Russia uli ndi ziweto zomangidwa ndi magetsi omangidwa. Uku si njira zowonjezera - zaka zingapo zapitazo, palibe pampu iliyonse yachiwiri yomwe idawonongedwa chifukwa cha magetsi akutsikira mgulu laukadaulo. Kugula pampu, zindikirani kuti amatetezedwa kuti asatenthe.

Dongosolo lamadzi lochokera pampu yabwino iyenera kuyikika pawokha. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kugula njira ya hydrobacam ndi gawo lowongolera lokhala ndi woyambitsa, kusinthasintha ndi kuteteza.

Bungwe la Erwarion liyadi kampani yakuti "Djilex", Grundfos, Wilo yothandizira kukonzekeretsa zinthuzo.