Kupanga ukadaulo wa nyumba kuchokera ku technoblocks pa chitsanzo cha nyumba yomanga nyumba ziwiri ndi malo onse a 124 m2
M'nkhaniyi, tidziwitsa owerenga ndi watsopano, motero sanalandire ntchito zosiyanasiyana za nyumba zomanga. Ubwino wake waukulu ndikuti makoma omangidwa malinga ndi nyumba zake safuna kumaliza zowonjezera.
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1-4. Kutsatira msonkhano wa block: Mbale yakunja imayikidwa pansi ndi thonje la polystyrene mbale (1) kuyikidwa pamabowo osakanizika, kenako mabowo amawuma mmenemo. Pogwiritsa ntchito chitofuchi monga tetetatu, zomwe zimapanga zotsatirazi, yikani pambale yakunja ndi zokongoletsedwa ndi m-zooneka bwino (2). Kenako adatseka zokongoletsera mu mbale yamkati (3) ndikuyika zokongoletsera za ma mbale onse awiri. Ngati chipika chikufunika kuposa muyezo, mabwalo amalumikizidwa ndi ndodo zina (4)
Tiyeni tiganizire za kumaliza kwa nyumba zomwe zimamangidwa nthawi zambiri zimatenga ndalama zoterezi zomwe ndi za diaca, zitha kutenga nyumbayo pomanga ndalama. IMA imalimbikitsa lamba ndikugwirizana pa mtengo wake, simupanga bwanji nyumba yoyenera yomwe mumalota za nthawi yayitali? Kodi pali matekinoloje amamangako omwe amapereka mwayi wochita popanda zokongoletsera zowonjezera pamakoma a nyumba yomangidwayo? Zimapezeka kuti malingaliro apanja samayimabe. Osati kale kwambiri kuti panali ukadaulo womwe umakupatsani mwayi wopanga nyumba, makoma a omwe adzatsirize nthawi yomweyo onse kunja ndi mkati. Anatchedwa dzina la Elecment lomwe limapangitsa maziko a kapangidwe ka khoma - "Technoblock".Kukhulupirira nthano
Ndipo zonse zinayamba, ngati nthano. Panali abale awiri. Anakangana ngati anyamata onse, komanso ngakhale kumenya nkhondo, koma amayenera kukhazikika, adasewera limodzi ndikulota. Nthawi yomweyo anthu omwe anali pafupi, abale adakula kuti ngakhale mu msinkhu wokhwima nawonso. Mwachitsanzo, aliyense amafuna kukhala ndi nyumba yake. Ndi nyumba yokha, ndipo kapangidwe kake, ngati kugwiritsa ntchito zamakono, zingakhale zothandiza kwambiri. Kunena za zonse ziwiri mwa nthano, ndipo mutha kukhazikika.
Kapangidwe kake kalozera:
Zipinda zowoneka bwino za 2-g zopangidwa ndi chitsulo chankhondo, chomwe chimamangidwira (zomangira) zamkati mwaza mtedza, wodzazidwa ndi mbale zoyang'anizana ndi kapangidwe kake);
3-stofu ya polystyrene chithovu (50mm);
4, 5 - Mkati (4) ndi kunja mbale (5) zochokera ku vibolyt konkriti yokhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana ndi utoto.
Mtunda wa mtunda pakati pa khoma la awiriwo (makulidwe a khoma lamtsogolo) amatha kusiyanasiyana ndi zowonjezera za 5 mpaka 30cm chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito ma c -cm chifukwa cholumikizira zopindika zingapo pulasitiki.
Kwa nthawi yayitali, malotowa anali osatheka, sanadziwe abalewo, monga choncho amamanga nyumba ngati imeneyi. Koma kamodzi, atapita ku bizinesi yomwe ikupanga utoto ndi kuyang'ana ma tale, adazindikira modzidzimutsa: nazi, njira yodalirika yomwe ili yayitali! Timatenga mbale ziwiri zazikulu, kukhazikitsa ndege molingana mbali zosiyanasiyana, mtunda wina ndi mzake, yolumikizidwa wina ndi mnzake - ndipo timapeza chofiyira cha mawonekedwe osakanikirana ndi mawonekedwe okongoletsedwa kale (Technoblock kale). Timatola khoma kuchokera ku midacks, kutsanulira mu konkriti ndipo chonde, tisanamalize kapangidwe kake. Mutha kukhala pansi ndikukhala ndi moyo.
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5-8. Chiwerengero choyamba cha technoblocks yakunja chimayikidwa pamwamba pa maziko, kuyambira kuchokera kumakona amodzi a nyumbayo (5). Pambuyo pathumba, dziwitsani magawo amtundu wamkati wa makonamita 6 (6) iyenera kudulidwa kuti adulidwe " Kenako "zowonjezera" zimadulidwa. Mabataniwo amaphatikizidwa bwino komanso molunjika (amagwiritsa ntchito zingwe), ndikukakamizidwa ndi waya wopangidwa, womwe khoma lamkati la khoma limatsanulidwa konkriti. Makoma a mkati (7, 8) amapangidwanso
Kutalika kwaukadaulo kwa nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti muthe kulinganiza zinthu za chipikacho, zowonjezera zodetsa kwa konkriti komanso njira yomasulira kapangidwe kake, nkhaniyo yakhala chete. Koma monga chotsatira omwe adalandira patent rf n 2342502 Dece Disembala 27, 2008. Ndipo mpaka anakonza momwe amapangira zinthu zochepa. Chabwino, mukuti chiyani? Zimapezeka kuti ngati mukukhulupirira maloto ake molimbika ndikugwirizana ndi zomwe chikhulupiriro chanzeruzi ndi chidziwitso komanso chidziwitso chake, nthanoyi zingakhale bwino.
Maloto ndi zenizeni
Technoblock iliyonse imakhala ndi mawonekedwe ndi mitengo yamiyala yamkati ya 100x 403cm (miyeso yotereyi imapangitsa kuti ikhale yosavuta kupanga zenera ndi ma khosi). Amalumikizidwa ndi ma screed okhazikika pazithunzi zachitsulo. Kukana kwa chisanu ndi konkriti-F 350 Kugwiritsa ntchito, mphamvu yopondereza ndi 45 MPA.
Kwa kusokonekera kwa makoma mkati mwa technoblock (m'lifupi mwake, 26-39cm), onse awiri ndi mbale ziwiri zopangidwa ndi polystyrene zitha kukhazikitsidwa. Mukakhazikitsa mbale imodzi (imakanikizidwa kwambiri ndi chipilala chakunja) kukana kusinthitsa kutentha kwa khoma (makulidwe a konkriti - 200,6m2 x c / W. Arad a Arad a awiri (mbale yachiwiri yakanikizidwa kwambiri ndi mbale yamkati) - 2,8m2 x c / w.
Kodi chida chodulira chikugwiritsa ntchito chiyani?
Zojambula zakunja ndi mkati zitha kukhala zosiyana: yosalala, yofanana ndi njerwa kapena miyala yamtchire kapena yamwambo. Utoto umasiyananso mosiyanasiyana - kusankha kumaperekedwa mitundu 90, kuphatikiza, kuphatikizapo kutsanzira marble ndi malachite osiyanasiyana. Mabatani amaperekedwa pamalo omangawo kukhala mawonekedwe osokoneza (izi zimapangitsa kuti zitheke kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zoyendera). Sungani musanakhazikitse khoma. Mtengo wa "Set" kuti asonkhanitse chipikacho chimatengera utoto ndi kapangidwe kake ndi makhoma amkati ndi mizere m'mitundu ya 500-920.
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9-10. Kuti apange mawonekedwe, makhodi osinthika osinthika kuchokera ku konkriti ya Monolithic, adayika "zolembera" Kugwedeza makoma a mawonekedwe a mawonekedwe adagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi khoma la khoma, mu mbale zamkati zomwe mabowo amadula pansi ndikuyambitsa malekezero a zoukira. Mukathira konkire yolimba, imakweza mabowo ndipo "imakula" ndi makhoma.
11-12. Window ndi makhomphes adachitidwa motere: mabatani a mzere pamtunda wofunikira adasunthidwa, ndipo malekezero awo adakutidwa ndi plywood yomwe idasungidwa ndi mitengo yamatabwa (11). Monga makoma ndi akulu, "flap" ndi zingwezo zinali kuyendayenda (12). Kuti mupange mtengo wokulirapo pachikuto cha mzere, adachita mawonekedwe athyathyathya
Zomangamanga
Tikambirana mchitidwe womanga nyumba zomanga za technoblocks pacholinga cha nyumba ya dziko, yomwe idapanga gulu lomanga la mwini nyumba, Yemwe adayamba kugwira ntchito yaukadaulo. Zopangidwa ndikuyika matayala, komanso kunyamula upangiri waukadaulo kuchokera ku tawuni yathu (Russia). Ziyenera kuletsa kuti wamkuluyo awoneke pazithunzi ndikutsagana ndi siginecha yawo. Zolemba za malemba zomwe timalemba zimangondiuza za zomwe zikutsala, monga amanenera.
Nyumbayo idamangidwa ndi anthu anayi, ndipo m'modzi yekhayo anali opanga odziwa bwino. Chisokonezo china kuchokera kwa iwo chidangoyambira nthawi yoyamba. Koma zinali zofunikira kuti kasitomala awonetse momwe angapangire chipika ndikuyika pa malo osagwirizana ndi maziko, ndipo gulu lankhondo lidayamba kugwira ntchito.
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13-15. Kaya kapangidwe ka makoma amkati mwa nyumbayo, wokhala ndi ma mbale wamba, osakonda kungosuta pamabada (anali ndi ufulu!), Makoma amkati mwa chipinda choyamba cha oponda opohbka adamangidwa. Unapangidwa ndi ma statileti a CPS, omwe adawakonzera masikono opindika, mkati mwa mawonekedwe omwe adabisidwa mu machubu apulasitiki (13). Pomwe khomalo limakula, mawonekedwe adachotsedwa ndikukonzedwa pamwambapa (14). Pansi wachiwiri, makoma amkati adakwezedwa kuchokera ku ma cell konkriti, komanso chimango (15) chidagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mawonekedwe a mphamvu.
16. Ngakhale kuti mwatsopano mwatsopano pakupanga maziko, mwini wakeyo adakonda "zapamwamba" - ntchito yamphamvu ya korolithic yolimbitsa kotsimikizika. Zotsatira zake, chikwama chapansi chimakhala pansi pa nyumbayo, chomwe mwiniyo akufuna ndi nthawi ya "omusad".
Kuti zikhale zosavuta kukweza madamu, mbale za kusokonezeka ndi zokometsera zidayikidwa pansi, ndipo mbalezi zidalumikizidwa ndi zingwe zokhala ndi mbali inayo. Kuyika nkhani yoyamba ndi yotsatira ya mabatani, adagwirizana mothandizidwa ndi ziphuphu. Kulondola kwa kukhazikitsa kopingasa kudayendetsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito gawo la 2m. Kuphatikizidwa kwathunthu kwa mabatani wina ndi mnzake mu mzere umodzi amapereka zingwe za waya. Amayanjana ndi zibowo za m-zokongola za mabatani oyandikana nawo.
Technoblock ndi mainjiniya
Popeza adamaliza kukhazikitsa mzere wonse, zokhazikika za 12mm ndi mulifupi wa 12mm, zomwe zimayikidwa pamtanda wa pulasitiki, zidayikidwa m'malo mwake. Kenako m'malo omwe atchulidwa ndi ntchitoyi, machubu a mpweya wabwino komanso magetsi adayikidwa mkati mwa khoma. Pambuyo pake, ku Cretete ku M400 kunatsanulidwa kumakoma a konkriti ya M400 (idapangidwa kuno ku chosakanizika kakang'ono). Mukamaliza kukhazikitsa mzere woyamba, mizere ya mzere wotsatira idayamba kukhazikitsa mabatani m'njira imodzi. Nthawi yomweyo, mabatani owoneka bwino a m-scrack omangika m'makutu a pulasitiki a pulasitiki am'miyala pamwamba pa konkriti. Mwa njira, kutengera zofuna za wopanga, mizere yoyandikana nayo imatha kuyikidwa molunjika kuposa wina ndi mnzake kapena kuvala, monga mwa zojambulajambula.
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17-18. Tekinoloje yopanga ma inflaps oyamba ndi achiwiri omwe afunsidwa kasitomala wasintha pang'ono, zomwe zimachepetsa ndalama zonse komanso ntchito. Fomu ya mbali idapangidwa kokha kuchokera ku mbale zakunja za midadada, zimatiyika iwo kuti akonzekeretse khoma la konkriti yolimbikitsanso bar (17). Pambuyo poponyera kwambiri (makulidwe ake ndi 200 mm), miyala yamkati ya midadada imalumikizidwa ndi zojambula za pulasitiki ndikupitiliza kumanga makoma (18).
19. Mukamanga madera atatu am'mimba, kusonkhanitsa mzere wotsatira, pamakoma onse awiri a matabwa, mizere idadziwika m'malire a kutsogolo kwa kutsogolo. Kenako midadada iyi inkadziwika, yotulutsidwa, yodulidwa kwambiri, yomwe imasonkhanitsidwa, itayika malo ndikuphimba ma mbale odula, omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi zingwe za mawaya am'mimba.
20. Pa "nthaka" yapadziko lapansi idapanga pilo lamchenga wokhala ndi 20cm, loyana konkriti yomwe ili ndi makulidwe 120mm adadzaza pamwamba pake. Makoma a mwini garage adaganiza kuti asadzipatule okha - pambuyo pake amangowapaka.
Kuwongolera ukadaulo
Zotsatira zina
Aloleni iwo kugwiritsa ntchito mwayi wa zinthu zomwe tapereka ndi luso laukadaulo, koma kuwathandiza ndi ndemanga zawo. Chifukwa chake, njira yatsopano imapereka zabwino zotsatirazi:
1) "Imakupatsani mwayi womaliza njira zomalizira." Mwambiri, tikugwirizana ndi izi. Komabe, tikuwona kuti kupatuka kwa ntchito iliyonse, chifukwa chofunikira kusintha mabatani pamakoma okonzekera makoma ndi malo otseguka (chifukwa chake kuwadula) kusintha kwa zinyalala kumatha kwambiri. Mlandu wina ndi ntchito yomwe imapangidwa mwachindunji pansi pa "Technoblock": ndiko kutalika ndi kutalika kwa makhoma, komanso kukula kwa zotseguka zidzakhala miyeso yambiri. Kuchepetsa kudula ndi kuwononga, chifukwa chake, kutsika kwakukulu mu zomanga;
2) "Ndikotheka kupanga mawonekedwe apadera a nyumbayo kudzera mu kugwiritsa ntchito mbale ndi mawonekedwe";
3) "Mutha kumanga mipanda ndi makoma osungika mu mtundu umodzi wokhala ndi nyumba." Ziganizo zonse sizingatsutsane;
4) "Mutha kuchita popanda chokongoletsera mkati." Mwakutero, koma pokhapokha ngati pali mbale zamkati, komanso zakunja, zojambulidwa zimaganiziridwa mosamala, ndipo mwiniwakeyo amakonda zomwe azolo.
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21-24. Kupanga kwa kapangidwe ka rafter kunayamba ndi chakuti madera omwe maderawo adaphatikizidwa ndi kuthamangitsa mabodi anayi ophimba 20050mm (21). Kenako manchiro amalumikizidwa ndi makoma ndi zopingasa matabwa okhala ndi mtanda wa 150100mm (22). Miyendo yamagalimoto yopangidwa kuchokera ku bar ya 150100mm (23). Anagwidwa ndi kabati (mipiringidzo 5040mm), komwe adaphatikiza chinyontho chotchinga, ndipo pamwamba pake, ndi chitsulo (24).
1. Porch 1M2.
2. Tambleur 2m2
3. bafa 1,7M2
4. Chovala 9.7M2
5. Chipinda chamoyo 25M2
6. Khitchini 11m2
7. garaja 20,3m2
8.Mipinda 5m2
9,8m2.
1. holo 5.3m2
2. Chipinda cha 10m2
3. Chipinda cha 11,3M2
4. Chipinda 10.2m2
5. bafa 1,6m2
6. bafa 4,6m2
7. Balcony 0,4M2
ACHTE? M'malingaliro athu, uwu wapafupifupi nthawi yomanga yaying'ono "ya Technoblock" pogwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe osayang'aniridwa ndi oyenera kusamala kwambiri ndi akatswiri onse (opanga ndi omanga) ndi omwe akumanga nyumba.
Kuwerengera kwakukulu kwa mtengo wake * Kupanga nyumba ya akatswiri a akatswiri okhala ndi 124m2 zofanana ndi zomwe zaperekedwa
| Dzina la Ntchito | Chiwerengero cha | Mtengo, pakani. | Mtengo, pakani. |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chitukuko ndi zinyalala | 350m3 | 650. | 227 500. |
| Chipangizo cha maziko | 32M | 420. | 13 440. |
| Chipangizo cha Place Place | 28M. | 4500. | 126,000 |
| Chipangizo cha makoma olimbikitsira makoma ndi makoma apansi | 65m3 | 4600. | 299,000 |
| Zopingasa zopingasa komanso zofananira | 4302m2. | 370. | 159 100. |
| Kukhazikitsa kwa mawonekedwe osatulutsidwa | 350m2. | - | 235,000 |
| Chipangizo cha makoma a konkriti ndi magawo | 56m3 | 4600. | 257 600. |
| Kutolere kwa Kuchulukitsa | konza | - | 126,000 |
| Zida zowonera zolimba za corolithic | 52m3 | 4200. | 218 400. |
| Kudzipatula kwa zokutira ndi zokutira | 360M2. | 90. | 32 400. |
| Hydro ndi chipangizo cha Vorizoation | 360M2. | 60. | 21 600. |
| Kusonkhanitsa Zinthu Zopanda | 160m2. | 690. | 110 400. |
| Chitsulo Chachitsulo | 160m2. | 580. | 92 800. |
| Kukhazikitsa mabowo | konza | - | 47,000 |
| Zonse | 1 966 240. | ||
| Zogwiritsidwa ntchito pagawo | |||
| Konkriti | 188m3 | 3900. | 733 200. |
| Miyala yosweka mwala, mchenga | 20m3 | - | 26 000 |
| Kupanda Madzi | 4302m2. | - | 77 400. |
| Technoblock, hook, zomangira, kukulani | konza | - | 382 200. |
| Sawn matabwa | 20m3 | 6700. | 134,000 |
| Matayala achitsulo ndi anzawo oyipa | 160m2. | - | 138,000 |
| Zenera limakhala ndi chipolopolo chambiri | konza | - | 152,000 |
| Zipangizo Zina | konza | - | 186 600. |
| Zonse | 1 829 400 400. | ||
| * Kuwerengera kunamalizidwa popanda kuwunika pamwamba, kunyamula ndi ndalama zina, komanso phindu la kampaniyo. |
Okonzayo akuthokoza gululo "tawuni yathu" kuti ithandizire kukonza nkhaniyo.