Madziwe ophatikizika: Kupanga matekinoloje a dziwe ndi njira zopangira kapangidwe kazinthu zapamwamba kwambiri
Masiku ano, anthu akufuna kukhutitsa zosowa zawo zongofuna kugula zomwe zimagula ndikukhazikitsa dziwe lodzaza kapena la chimango pa kanyumba. Omwe adalakalaka akufa, tikupangira kuti agule dziwe kuchokera ku gulu. Kodi mungasankhe bwanji mbale?
Kuyambira konkriti kwa mawonekedwe
Lingaliro la dziwe la konkriti nthawi zambiri limakhala atakwanitsa kuwerengera, kuchuluka kwake kungawononge kapangidwe kake, makamaka ngati mulingo wapansi pachokha. Dziwani kuti dziwe la konkriti limaseweredwa chifukwa cha dziwe la konkriti ndilakuti, msewu wambiri, umafunikira kukonza kwakukulu (kuvutitsa mawola, kubwezeretsa kocheperako kamodzi pazaka 10 zilizonse. Iza ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa kuchokera 1/3 mpaka 1/2 za mtengo wake.
Kunyengerera nthawi zambiri kumakhala mbale yomalizidwa ya dziwe, komwe kumatchedwa Consusete. Chogulitsa chatsopano pang'onopang'ono chikugonjetsa msika wapabanja, mosalala kamadzaza konkriti yake ". Sizosadabwitsa, chifukwa madziwe ophatikizika amatha kumangidwa mwachangu kwambiri, ndipo moyo wawo udzafika zaka 50 (panthawiyi zikukwaniritsidwa matupi osachepera khumi kapena mafelemu asanu ndikubwezera konkriti.
Mu msika wathu, mapesi ophatikizika amaimiridwa ndi Arkadey (TM Franmer), Anral Toir, World Wor (USA-Ukraine, TMES) Zofanana ndi Zogulitsa zomwe amapereka kukula kwa ogula yaying'ono ndi 22-52m (mtengo ndi ma ruble 60-150,000). Magawo am'madzi amtundu wathunthu ali motere: kutalika ndi 5-13, m'lifupi ndi 2,5-4.9m (adzawononga ma ruble 200,000 - 1,5m).).
Ubwino ndi ukadaulo wa kukhazikitsa mapesi ophatikizika adauzidwa mwatsatanetsatane posachedwa (onani "IVD", 2009, №11). Chifukwa chake, m'nkhaniyi, tidzakhala ndi chidwi cha momwe tingasankhire mbale yapamwamba kwambiri kuti ikhale kwa nthawi yayitali. Yankho la funsoli lili muukadaulo wopanga.
"Madzi World Aqua" | 
"Madzi World Aqua" | 
"Madzi World Aqua" | 
"Madzi World Aqua" |
Magawo akuluakulu a chilengedwe cha mbale ya dziwe:
1- Maitrix amagwiritsidwa ntchito zigawo za sera, gelcoat, kenako ndikuthandiza kwa zida zapadera zapadera;
Magalasi 2 mu stocker amatumizidwa ndi odzigudubuza.
3- Trateni mbale yomalizidwa;
4- Pamapeto a njirayi, zomangira zotetezedwa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kumbuyo kwa mbale.
Zinsinsi za kapangidwe
Zojambula (km) zimatchedwa mawonekedwe okhazikika okhala ndi zigawo ziwiri kapena kupitilira apo: Zolimbikitsa zolimbitsa zinthu zomwe zimapereka machitidwe ofunikira a KM, ndi chomangira chomwe chimatsimikizira ntchito yolumikizirana. Popanga mapesi, zopangidwa ndi fiberglass zimagwiritsidwa ntchito (zimakhala ndi mphamvu zapamwamba kwambiri) ndi polymer polyment stute-premin rentin-adapanga zitsulo "zotsutsana bwino.
Tekinoloje yopanga ili pafupifupi izi: kapangidwe koyambirira, kenako yochitidwa kuchokera pamtengo kapena simenti osakaniza ndi dziwe. Imaphimbidwa ndi zigawo zingapo zagalasi, zophatikizidwa ndi zotumphukira. "Chizindikiro" chomwe chimapezeka mwanjira imeneyi chimachotsedwa pachitsanzo, lopukutidwa, lopukutidwa ndipo motero amasintha matrix, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga makapu angapo.
Wothandizira wapadera wokhazikika pa sera, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ku matrix, adzapangitsanso kuti zithetse chikho. Sera imathiridwa ndi wosanjikiza wokongoletsa (makulidwe - pafupifupi 1mm) kuchokera ku gelsuty. Izi pambuyo polymerization zikhala zovuta kwambiri komanso kukhazikika kwamankhwala. Adzakhala "nkhope" ya mbale ya dziwe, kuti adziwe mtundu wake (galkout akhoza kukhala oyera ndi mawonekedwe) ndi kapangidwe kake (kapangidwe kake (kapangidwe kake (zojambulajambula nthawi zina). Ndiwo wosanjikiza womwe umagwira ngati chinthu chachikulu cha chitsimikizo. Mwina mtundu wozunza kwambiri ndi woyera; Imapezeka pogwiritsa ntchito Titanium oxide, ndi enawo - kuwonjezera utoto utoto mu gelkit, komwe pakapita nthawi, monga lamulo, chimazimitsidwa pang'ono. Mwa njira, posankha kamvekedwe kake ndi zojambula ziyenera kukumbukiridwa: zomwe zimakhala zovuta kwambiri, ndizokwera mtengo kwambiri kwa gelkoty wosanjikiza ngati wawonongeka.
Kenako, gelcoat imagwiritsidwa ntchito wosanjikiza wa vinyl este, osakhala okhazikika komanso osagwirizana ndi mamolekyulu amadzi. Kukula kwa mawonekedwe awa sikuposa 2mm, ndipo pa kudula la mbale yomalizidwa kumawoneka ngati laling'ono.
Gawo lachitatu limapangidwa ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa polyester imayendera limodzi ndi galasi la nkhuku (fellar) ndi kutalika kwa 2.5-5 masentimita. Magalasi osiyidwa ndi zigawenga alibe mphamvu ngati fiberglass, koma imagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito zida za pambale, ndipo chifukwa cha izi ndizotheka kukulitsa khoma la mbale (mpaka 4-5mm).
Chosungidwa chotsatira chimapangidwa kuchokera m'malo angapo a fiberglass (otchedwa glartheesogene), zodabwitsa ndi zida zamanja pamanja. Izi zimapangitsa bungwe logwira ntchito anayi: nsaluyo iyenera kunyowa ndi utoto ndipo nthawi yomweyo yosanja ndi ogudubuza apadera, ndipo chifukwa cha mbale zovuta za mbale, njira sizimayenda. Kugwiritsa ntchito ntchito yamanja kumawonjezera mtengo wa malondawo, koma cholinga chimalungamitsa njira. Kupatula apo, izi ndizokhazikika, koma zimasinthika, zimatha kupirira monga kukula kwa ayezi (ngati madzi mu dziwe lozizira) ndi chiphunzitso cha dothi.
Pomaliza, chotetezera - utoto wapadera (topkut), kuteteza mbale ya mlengalenga komanso zovuta zina panthawi yosungirako, kuzinyamula.D. Pambuyo pochiritsa resin kuchokera ku matrix pang'onopang'ono kuchotsa mbale yomalizidwa ndi jigsaw kapena chopukusira kudula m'mphepete mwa kuwonekera kwapamwamba. Pamwamba zamkati mwa chinthucho ndikupukutidwa ndikupukutidwa ndikugwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe apadera.
Chithunzi v. kovalev | 
Chithunzi v. kovalev | 
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5-6. Pamwamba pa mbale yokutidwa ndi wosanjikiza wa topcoat, yomwe mawonekedwe a galasi-ade (5) akuwoneka bwino. Pamwamba yemweyo, koma chiberekero cha chiberekero (6) chimawonekera bwino pansi pake (6) - zimatanthawuza kuti palibe mphamvu.
7. Kapangidwe ka kampasi wa COSNSPESS STin.
Malinga ndi ukadaulo, mosiyana ndi zomwe tafotokozazi, amapanga ma Cuble a Towaspools Tool. Pali wosanjikiza wa vinyl ceramic pakati pa fellage ndi Puff -glass (Filler amathandizira Microlow Microspants). Izi zimawonjezera mphamvu ndi mafuta osokoneza bongo a malonda.
Ubwino wa mbale umatha kutsimikiziridwa ndi mawonekedwe ake. Chifukwa chake, mawonekedwe a fiberglass (Glass-Groas) idzatsimikiza kuti iwonedwe pamiyendo yakunja. Ngati m'malo mwagalasi pansi pa chosanjikiza cha topcoat, ulusi wa fiberglass zikuwonekera bwino, zikutanthauza kuti wopangayo adasunga pakupanga zomwe zimayambitsa.
Mudzatha kuphunzira zambiri za ukadaulo wopanga, adafufuza mosamala kudula bulata yapamwamba kwambiri ya mbale, pomwe zigawo zonse zikuwonekera pamenepo. Mwachitsanzo, ngati kulibe Huleser, komwe kuli nthawi yomweyo pansi pa gelsuty, wopanga amachepetsa mtengo wake chifukwa cha rinyl este esster (ndipo mtengo wake ndi wokwera kwambiri) motero adakankhira pansi pa mbale.
Kodi mwazindikira pa mchere wodulidwa (osati pazinthu zonse za ceramic)? Kumbukirani: Wopanga kuti asunge ndalama zake, zoyambitsa michere michere mu utoto: ufa wa Marble, ufa wa ufa ,. (Kutsatira izi zimachitika, zomwe zimapulumutsanso).
Mapeto a malekezero, zinthu za mbale zitha kuweruzidwa ndi mtundu wake wamkati. Ngati ndi yosalala, yosalala ndikusowa, ndiwe wabwinobwino. Aesley Pores akuwoneka kwa wamaso komanso pambali, palibe chowombera pasankhidwe ka ma flashis.
Chithunzi v. kovalev | 
Chithunzi v. kovalev | 
Chithunzi v. kovalev | 
"Madzi World Aqua" |
Magawo a khoma la mbale:
8- Zabwino: Limayang'ana zigawo zonse zogona - kuchokera ku gelsuty kupita pagalasi-banga;
9- Samopal: Palibe wosanjikiza madzi, komanso madzi ovala magalasi, ophatikizidwa ndi utoto.
Mbale kunja:
10- Zabwino: nthiti zamphamvu ndi zopinga zamphamvu zimapangidwa popanga mbale;
11- Samopal: nthiti zopingasa zikusowa, osimbika amangomangidwa pansi.
Boawl
Opanga matombi a ku Russia a dziwe ndi anthu omwe alibe nthabwala. Yves nthabwala (komanso nthabwala iliyonse, monga mukudziwa, pali gawo la choonadi) Gawani zomwe zili m'magulu otsatirawa: Pirate, wamakono, Noodel ndi Samopil. Gulu loseketsa ili lili ndi nsonga posankha mbale ya dziwe (mwina mu mawonekedwe obisika pang'ono).
Asiliva - Anasamutsidwa ndi wopanga wakunja wa chomera chanyumba limodzi ndi ukadaulo ndi zizolowezi. Zinthu zoterezi zimadziwika ndi magwiridwe antchito, mawonekedwe ogwirizana, imapereka nthawi yayikulu kwambiri (zaka 10-50).
Kolanda - Zotere, mawonekedwe ake omwe amabwereka kuchokera ku opanga akunja kapena apanyumba. Iwo ndi achisomo kwambiri, kuchuluka kwa zochokera kuzinthu ndi zinthu za mbale. Pamadzi abwinowa nthawi zambiri amakhala wamba - amawakopera osawona zachiwerewere. Palibe chitsimikizo chilichonse pachabe.
Chamaziko amasiyanasiyana - Zowonjezera za Pirate za m'madziwe opanga akunja. Amadziwika ndi kufanana kwapakatikati ndi prototype, koma kumasiyana mu mitundu ina ya mafomu ndi kuphwanya kuchuluka. Mtundu wa zinthu zapangidwa.
Noodel - Kukula kwa ambuye am'deralo. Khalani ndi mawonekedwe osavuta komanso osalala.
Maganizo - mbale zomwe zimangokhala pazithunzi zokha. Amayamba kupanga pambuyo poti akonzekere: Zimakhala bwino; Sizigwira ntchito, tidzayesa kubweza ndalamazo (lonjezo lomaliza silidzakwaniritsa). Mwambiri, mphaka ali mchikwama m'mbali zonse.
Chithunzi v. kovalev | 
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"Madzi World Aqua" | 
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12. Bowl of the Towl Bowl itha kukongoletsedwa modabwitsa.
13. Chimodzi mwazinthu zatsopano zatsopano zokhala ndi zotsatira za 3D: zimapangidwa ndi kuphatikiza zigawo komanso zowoneka bwino komanso tinthu tating'onoting'ono.
14-15. Kufunafuna kapu ya kudzidalira 3d imapangitsa kufala kwa tinthu tambiri, chifukwa cha zomwe mbale imawoneka ngati itakhazikika ndi china chake.
Wopanga ndi ukadaulo wopanga ungaweruzidwe ndi mawonekedwe a mbale. Wopanga wa dziwe la dziwe silokhala lopindika ndipo ngakhale kulibe zopingasa, zomwe pamalo ena kutalika kofanana ndi m'mphepete mwa mbaleyo ndikufanana ndi njira zam'madzi. Mbale. Izi zimayendera gawo la nthiti zolimba.
Komanso, khoma la dziwe labwino la dziwe labwino ndi mtengo wosinthika: m'malo ena omwe amadziwika (ena omwe amatchedwa obisika), mwa ena, omwe amalola chikho chopita kwa katundu wakunja . Malo obisika kwambiri ndi mbale (izi ndizodziwikanso ngakhale kukhudza), chifukwa iyenera kuchitapo kanthu kuti madzi ambiri azikhala olimba ndi piritsi lomwe lili pansi pa dziwe.
Timagwiritsa ntchito njira zina ndi katunduyo ndi katundu. Ena amapanga chiwombankhanga cha dziwe kapena cholumikizira. Zotsatira za malonda nthawi zambiri zimazindikira kuthamanga kwa madzi kudzaza dziwe, kapena dothi nthawi yake. Ena, kupanga mbale ya makona amakona, amapangidwa ku nthiti zakunja zowoneka bwino komanso zopingasa. Nthawi yomweyo, pakati pa zigawo za gulu, nthawi zambiri amabisa zinthu zamphamvu zachitsulo kapena galasi.
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"Madzi World Aqua" | 
Chithunzi v. kovalev |
"Madzi World Aqua" | 
"Madzi World Aqua" | 
"Madzi World Aqua" |
16. Dziwe lopanga limaperekedwa ku chiwembu chomaliza. Kukonzekera kwa dzenje, kukhazikitsa dziwe, kukhazikitsa kwa nthochi, malo ozungulira mozungulira mbalewo atenga 2nd.
17.com. Sizigwira ntchito kusambira pano, koma kudzutsa m'madzi ozizira pambuyo posamba - mutha.
18-21. Nyengo ku Russia sikuti ngakhale ku California, kotero mbale ya dziwe lopangidwa mumsewu lizikulitsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito mavuto (19). Filimu yokutidwa. Chuma ndikwabwino kumangana (20.21) kapena nyumba ".
Ndi chiyani china kudziwa?
Choyambirira kudziwa ndi kuchuluka kwa kampani yomwe mumakonda. Zithandiza kumvetsetsa malo ake mu utsogoleri wa opanga madziwe. Ngati mwapatsidwa banja "labwino komanso lofuna" pambuyo pa "mitundu, muyenera kuganizira za izi. Mwachidziwikire, amachokera kudziko lina, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti pakhoza kukhala zovuta pokonza mtsogolo (katswiri adzabwera kwa inu kuchokera kudziko lina). Opanga ena opanga bizinesi, okonzeka kupereka mtundu wabwino wa mtundu wosiyanasiyana. Kuphatikiza apo, samalani ndi momwe kampani ina ingapezeke pamsika waku Russia.
Chitsimikizo cha Pool chilinso ndi chofunikira kwambiri. Kupatula apo, 20, ndi 50, ndipo zaka 100 zimatha kufotokozedwa mu coupon ya chitsimikizo. Chifukwa chake, mukafuna kukhala ndi ziwonetsero zazikuluzikulu, onetsetsani kuti atsimikizika mwalamulo ndipo wopangayo ali wokonzeka kukhala ndi udindo wa dziwe lanu munthawi yonseyi. Maudindo oterowo okhala ndi nthawi yayitali a chitsimikizo amatha kutenga opanga ambiri okha.
Osintha zikomo "madzi adziko lapansi a Aqua" ndi dziwe la Euro kuti athandizire kukonza zinthuzo.