Ceramic Tile, Porcew ndi Mossic: Maukadaulo amakono, malingaliro opanga mafashoni ndi mafashoni
Kufalikira kwa ma tambala a ceramic, miviteni ya phula ndi moshic mkati mwa nyumba kapena kunyumba pafupifupi chimodzimodzi. Iliyonse ya zinthuzo ndizoyenera kukhala wochita nawo zonse zomwe zimapangidwa ndi malo okhalamo. Palibe chowala komanso chochititsa chidwi chikhoza kukhala chotsatira cha omwe alipo. Mitundu yonseyi imathandizana bwino bwino, ndipo opanga amapanga mwazomwe amapereka.
Zophatikiza zatsopano za zinthu za deramimic ndi zotengera zikuwonetsa zochitika za moyo wamakono. Timayesetsa kuchoka pama tempuli ndikugogomezera umunthu wathu, ndipo njira zazikuluzikulu zosankhira zokongoletsera ndi zokongola. Chifukwa chake, ntchito ya opanga mapulani omwe amatha kupanga mawonekedwe ambiri oyambirirawo kapena kukongoletsa kupanga mawonekedwe oyambira kapena, m'malo mwake, mawonekedwe abwino, zokongoletsera, moshiors, ndizofunikira kwambiri. Ndi chitukuko cha matekinoloje opanga chifukwa cha kukhazikika, kusiyana kowoneka m'matumbo a ceramic matailosi ndi minofu ya Pordeyain kuwonedweratu. Pamodzi ndi phula la dongoya, zopaka utoto mu misa, zinthu zopukutidwa, zitsulo zowoneka bwino, "zitsulo" zokhala "zofananira ndi matayala. Madera omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mitundu iwiri ya zomaliza zamiyala imasinthidwa. Osati kale kwambiri, miyala ya phurteit idakonzedwa makamaka kwa nyumba. Mafomu, makampani ambiri amapanga mndandanda womwe umaphatikizapo zakunja ndi matailosi a khoma.
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Inde, ena mwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a phula la phula, matayala a cerac ndi zotsalira. Mwachitsanzo, matomiya atomiya okhala ndi ma boory ochepera kwambiri komanso kukana kwa chisanu kumawerengedwabe ngati zinthu zokongola zakunja. Mapiketi okhala ndi mawu ovuta kapena olimba kwambiri ozungulira kwambiri matayala amakhala osavuta kudula. Zikutanthauza kuti chomenyeracho sichigwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri komanso nthawi panjira izi, ndipo padzakhala fumbi locheperako. Pamene kuvala ma conerpiner pamtunda ndikovuta kuchita popanda mafuo. Miyeso yaying'ono ya tester imakupatsani mwayi kwa makona oyandikana nawo, azikongoletsa mitundu yonse yamitundu ndi kuzungulira, kukongoletsa zikanda, zigawo, zingwe. Mwina chokhacho chomwe chimalimbikitsa magalasi agalasi. Ndizosafunikira kugwiritsa ntchito ngati zokutira zakunja, chifukwa zimasonkhanitsa dothi ndi mchenga, zomwe zimakanda magalasi.
Iris. | 
Bisazza. | 
Chizolowezi. | 
Chizolowezi. |
1. Chimodzi mwazojambula zamafashoni nyengo ino: zopangira zodzikongoletsera pathanthwe. Zikatero, imangopangidwa osati mtundu, komanso mpumulo. Monochrome kutchera kwa matte zoyera komanso zowoneka bwino kwambiri
2-4. Lingaliro losayembekezereka limapanga njira ya Mose yolingana ndi khungu la Leopard (2): ndizodziwika bwino kuona mitundu iyi pamadyo ndi mapepala. Ndondomeko zamaluwa zopangidwa ndi matogi agalasi osiyanasiyana (3, 4) osawoneka ocheperako
Mafayilo ojambula
Zingawonekere kuti watsopano angadikire kuchokera kwa Centimics yomwe idapezeka mbandakucha ya anthu? Ndipo komabe, ngakhale ali ndi chidwi kalikonse komanso kusintha zinthu, nyengo iliyonse imawoneka njira zatsopano zopangidwa ndi mafashoni. Okonda zotsatira za mawonekedwe akuthamangira kukauza kuti matani achilengedwe a cefmic tsopano ndi othandiza kwambiri. Zithunzi zodziwika bwino za Beige, imvi, bulauni zimasiyanitsidwa ndi kuchepetsedwa utoto. Mwina phale lotere limathandiza kuyiwala za mavuto, kupirira zambiri zomwe zimachitika kwambiri zomwe tsiku lililonse zimagwera aliyense wa ife, ndipo kunyumba kuti musangalale ndi mtendere ndi mtendere. Kupatula apo, mukuwona, pamlengalenga, odzazidwa ndi matupi achilengedwe, kupuma, kumawoneka kosavuta.
CIR. | 
Vietri. | 
Undefasa. | 
Matayala a ceramic. |
5. Kupereka kwa UFUMU (CIR) kumaberekanso zachilengedwe kwa payx. Ceramic Green Matanda opangidwa ndi mzimu wa machitidwe aluso amayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la makumi awiri. Zowoneka bwino kwambiri mukamakhudza zothandizira pansi zimatsindika malo owoneka bwino
6. Kukhazikika kwa malo obiriwira ndi kuphatikizidwa timatumba pamtunda wa matailosi a ceramic ndi mtundu wa kumasulira kwa mutu wamakono
7. Makoma ndi makhitchini amakongoletsedwa ndi phula la porcewer kuchokera ku Arcadia kusonkhanitsa (Uyufasa). Zimabuka nkhuni zakuda zanyumba ndi wopepuka. Kukula kwa khoma - 59,232.3CM, kunja- 59,21cm
8. Poyamba, zikuwoneka kuti izi ndi zotengera: mabowo othamanga olakwika, zoyera za seams ... komabe, tili ndi matabwa a Mose
Komabe, kulakalaka kusewera ndi utoto mosayembekezereka kupeza zopereka zowala komanso zowoneka bwino. Mkati mwa ceramics ndi ngale ya peyala, momveka bwino kuyika malo oikika opangidwa ndi galasi lowoneka bwino kapena chitsulo chozizira. Kupatula apo, mafashoni a nthawi yotsiriza sakhala kwathunthu ndipo amalola kusiya mzere wambiri, makamaka chifukwa kusankha ndi kwakukulu. Nayi mndandanda waung'ono wa matailosi a ceramic ndi opanga nyumba zomwe zaperekedwa pamsika waku Russia: villeroyboch (Germany); Apirini, Aavavisya Ceramimia, Ceramucalcora, Dune, Persasa, Spain (onse-Spain); Akani, Cir, Com, Edilcuoghi, iris, Marca Corona, sant 'agwana, viva ceramimia (zonse za viva ceramica (ku Italy); "Chomera cha Cerambala" (Brand Italin), "Stroyfarfor" (Broet "Shakhtinskaya Tile"), BiSaza, Gisazya); Dune, Ezarri, Olix (onse-Spain); Omanga, jnj moskioc, super galasi (zonse za china).
Lingaliro la katswiri
Gawo lomaliza la matailosi ogona, miyala yamtengo wapatali, ndipo Mose amasoweka ma seams. Kuti tichite izi, timagwiritsa ntchito osakaniza: wamba kapena mapulasitiki awo ophatikizidwa mu kapangidwe kawo. Onsewa amasiyana ndi kuchuluka kwa kututa. Ndipo m'njira yopangidwira ma seams pamayendedwe ophatikizika ndi makhitchini, makamaka madera omwe amawonetsedwa mwachindunji ndi madzi, tikukulangizani kuti muwonjezere mayankho a kuwotcha mapulogalamu ndi antiple. Amapanga chiwembu chopatsa thanzi, kuteteza madzi, kupewa mawonekedwe a nkhungu ndi bowa mu seams. Kwa seams wa kumapeto kwa Mose, mbale za dziwe, zomwe zimalumikizana pafupipafupi ndi madzi, kubala mawonekedwe apadera. Kumbukirani: Mafuta ofuwa oyera amatha kuthiridwa m'makoni ena; Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri ngati makoma ndi jenda imagwiritsa ntchito matabwa omwe adatsala ndi ma seams ochepa, omwe sangakhale osawoneka.
Olga Ignakina, Windove-Ceramimi salon woyang'anira
Kuthambo kosatha
Zomwe zingakhale zovuta kwambiri kuposa momwe mungakhalire ndi tsatanetsatane! Zachikhalidwe "zoyera" ndi "pansi zakuda" zimasankhidwa ndi zokongola zokongoletsera: malire, zoyika, mapanelo, eaves ndi zitsulo. Zojambula zawo zikubwereza zojambula za XIX., Osawonekanso komanso zazikulu kwambiri. Zojambula mu zopangira za ceramic, nyali, bad - zothandizira kuthetsa chithunzi chonse. Kwa osankha omwe sakonda kusintha chilichonse m'miyoyo yawo ndikuwona kwambiri, mkati mwapamwamba ndi wopambana. Makamaka popeza pali mabala a Ceramics, omwe amaperekedwa ndi zipolopolo ndi zipolopolo, ziboliboli, zigawo, nyali. Zinthu zonsezi zimapangidwa chimodzimodzi, koma osati kuchokera ku ma chramic, koma kuchokera kuzinthu zina.
CIR. | 
Ekolcuoghi. | 
Rocessa. | 
Pentorda. |
9. Mapeto a piritsi amakongoletsedwa ndi pensulo yokongoletsa "pensulo" ndikuyikiridwa ndi mitundu yokongola yokongola yazomera
10. Maluwa owoneka bwino kwambiri a Shorline
11. Zachilengedwe zimabweretsa kudzoza kwa opanga za matayala ang'onoang'ono a mndandanda wa Bohmian (rocersa). Zinthu zodzikongoletsera zomwe zimapezeka pazithunzi za agulugufe ndi zing'onozing'ono
12. Paulo kuchokera ku Dowceware Wardeware, kutengera zachilengedwe, kumakongoletsa mabowo (8888cm)
Kuphatikiza kwambiri komwe kumayambitsa matayala osiyanasiyana, zonse ziwiri, ndizotchuka. M'malo modzaza ndi makoma a pansi kapena makhoma a mabwalo a monotonasous, masewera a zipzzles adafunsidwa. Zojambula zapadera zowerengeka zimapanga, kuphatikiza zigawo zazikulu komanso zazing'ono komanso zowoneka bwino. Akak Tembenukani mizere yosiyanasiyana kukhala yoyenerera, imauza kompyuta. Komanso, nthawi yomweyo ndikusankha njira yosangalatsa, mutha kuchotsa kufunika kodula matayala, chifukwa chake kuphatikiza zolinga ndi zokongoletsa.
Comm. | 
Comm. | 
Comm. | 
Matayala a ceramic. |
13-15. Maziko a ceramic amatulutsa mawonekedwe a basalt yachilengedwe, ndipo yolumikizidwa yolumikizidwa imafanana ndi malo omanga
16. Kulandila kwina kosangalatsa - kuphatikiza kwa matailosi osiyanasiyana osiyanasiyana
Chophimba maluwa
Mitu yopanda maluwa. Komabe, asintha zina. Maluwa owala, onenepa komanso mitundu, yomwe nthawi zambiri nthawi zambiri inali yopanda matailosi oyambira, amasamutsidwa ndalama zambiri komanso zokongoletsera zoyenga bwino. Zowonjezera zachilengedwe kwambiri zopangidwa ndi zigawo zam'madzi ndi matte. Pamalo a monophic poyamba amayang'ana. Amadziwika, koma osamenya. Palibe chithunzi chofanana ndi zikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana, zomwe zimasiyana ndi mithunzi. Maupangiri osefukira, opangidwa ndi owala, golide kapena siliva, amathandizira kuti apangire chikondi chofewa. Madongosolo oterewa sadzasiya aliyense wopanda chidwi. Okonda zachilengedwe zachilengedwe zimagwera kulawa matalala akuthengo, makumi asanu ndi odekha. Maluwa akuluakulu, maluwa, poppies, ma irses amawoneka ochulukirapo. Maluwa a Ceramic awa sadzatha ndipo amakhala nanu kwa nthawi yayitali.
Ekolcuoghi. | 
Ekolcuoghi. | 
Ekolcuoghi. | 
Ekolcuoghi. |
17-18. Ekolcuooooi ma ceramics ali ndi mitundu yambiri yamitundu yambiri, zikwangwani, zinthu zapadera, komanso zamtundu wapamwamba. Kusinthana mkati mwa mkati umodzi wa ma tales a siles osiyanasiyana kutsimikizani malo, kumakupatsani mwayi wopanga zithunzi zosayembekezeka komanso zosangalatsa.
19-20. Matayala akumbuyo ndi mawonekedwe a masamba (4932cm) ndi malire okhala ndi maluwa (327.5.5.5.5.5.5cm) kuchokera ku zowerengera zatsopano (ElideoGumI) kupanga zofiirira zapamwamba komanso zakuda. Black Black
Mafomu ndi utoto
Mutu wa maluwa nthawi zina umawonetsedwa ngati mawonekedwe operekedwera, nthawi zina amasungidwa ndi utoto. Uwu ndi mlandu wapadera wa mtundu wina wa nyengo: Pamwamba pa ceramic tiles amapeza mpumulo wonenedweratu, womwe sunachite mwangozi. Ndili ndi mawonekedwe obisika ndi monochrome amathetsa kapangidwe kake ndi mpumulo. Mitundu yosayembekezereka kwambiri imakondweretsa masewerawa a kuwala ndi mthunzi, kuwononga mawonekedwe a ndege. M'mbuyomu, zotsatira zake zinali zofunika kugwiritsa ntchito ma bordion othandizira, zokongoletsera, zinthu za Mose. Tsopano mawonekedwe onse a makoma amaseweredwa ndikusefukira, kudzaza chipinda cha chipindacho poyenda ndi moyo. Zingwe zowoneka bwino zimawoneka molimba - zimabweretsa zikumbutso za kamphepo kwakanthawi kovuta ndi mafunde a nyanja.
Zotsimula zimapeza kupitirira muyeso koyambirira kutsatila mwala wachilengedwe.
Iris. | 
Iris. | 
Pentorda. | 
Pentorda. |
21-22. Modabwitsa kwambiri pamakoma, kuphatikiza kwa matailosi okhala ndi mawonekedwe athyathyathya ndi mawonekedwe osungidwa. Kuwonetsera kowala, mithunzi imapereka gawo limodzi lokhalo
23-24. Kuthandizira ntchito yovuta yosankhidwa ndi zowonjezera, opanga ena opanga zotengera za Ceramics omwe ali ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimapangidwa chimodzimodzi. Utoto ndi kujambula kwa khoma mobwerezabwereza pamapangidwe a nyali
Viva | 
Viva | 
Vietri. | 
Pentorda. |
25-27. Makonda a derakiki okhala ndi mpumulo wosiyanasiyana, kuchokera kuzolowera zazing'ono kwambiri kuti zikhale zowoneka bwino komanso zokongoletsera - zomwe zimadziwika ndi nyengo yanyengo ino
28. Maperatomic ceramic "imakhala ndi zinthu zojambulidwa kuchokera ku Dourol Millurerere
Mwala wamiyala
Ceramic ile ndi Playlawer Svelware "anaphunzira" kutulutsanso michere osati mchere, komanso kapangidwe kawo. Pamwamba pa marble ndi granite yopukutidwa kwa kalisi wonyezimira, kuwunika kwa mabatani ndi ma tratorcent, kusinthika kwa Tuff ndi Milton - kuphatikizidwa ndi matailosi Za kukula kulikonse: kuyambira pa 1010 mpaka 6060 ndi 12060cm. Kuthekera kwa "msonkhano" wa zinthu ndi mawonekedwe ofanana kuti pamtunda womwe umakhala wovuta kupeza matailosi awiri. Pansi pake, malo okhala kapena matayala okhala ndi matope mu mtundu wa antique, wokhala ndi tchipisi tating'ono kuzungulira m'mphepete, zikuwoneka ngati kuti uyu sanali mbadwo umodzi wa makolo anu. Mwa njira, malo ofanana ali ndi anti-slip, omwe amasungidwa ngakhale atanyowa.Kuwerenga zatsopano
Ma Meamorphses achilendo amapezeka ndi Mose pofuna nthawi zonse. Pamodzi ndi Tessers wa mawonekedwe tingachipeze powerenga, opanga kupereka zinthu chokhala ndi mamba a nsomba, kuluka, mugs ndi ellipses, maluwa ndi masamba. NTHAWI zambiri zadzidzidzi zimangokhala miyala yaying'ono ya zipolopolo, miyala yosanja, miyala yamtsinje. Zosiyana zokhazikika pa Grid zimasonkhanitsidwa ma module, mbale kapena mizere yopapatiza. M'mbuyomu, zomwe zimafananso kale zimadziwika ngati zodzikongoletsera zokha, ndipo lero zikuwonekera kwambiri ndikusintha kukhala chinthu chachikulu. Mapangidwe oterowo a niche kapena khoma limodzi amakhala chizolowezi, ndipo mphepo zimatha kupatuka malowa pafupifupi m'chipindacho, kuphatikiza pansi ndi padenga.
Chizolowezi. | 
Chizolowezi. | 
Chizolowezi. | 
Bisazza. |
29.. 29.. 27 Ndipo chokongoletsedwa ndi mafumu oyera oyera, chidzakhala choyenera mu classic komanso mu ultra-in in informand (29). Selo yokondweretsa pakhoma imaloza mwapadera kwa dzikolo. Kuyambira kumapeto ndikuti chiwerengerochi chimapangidwa ndi zinthu zosakhala zachikhalidwe - MosAIC (30). Zosankha zingapo zingapo za njira zachilendo: imodzi imatembenuza pamwamba mu maluwa a maluwa (31), awiriwo amafanana ndi khungu la atsitsi la alligator (32, 33)
Bisazza. | 
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Matayala a ceramic. |
34-35 Pafupifupi Mafashoni a Mafashoni Ndi mitundu yachilendo ya tesser, omwe amawoneka ngati flakes nsomba (34), ndiye ngati njuchi uchi
36. Zowonetsa zowoneka bwino zimapangidwa ndi zopatsa
Kutsatira mafashoni, matekinoloje atsopano amabuka. Mwachitsanzo, dzina loyenerera bwino limatha kukhala loyenereradi, ndipo ngati lingagwiritse ntchito mawu abwino. Zosakaniza zoterezi zimatulutsidwa ndi magulu odziwika bwino ndizokwera mtengo, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwawo kumakhala koposa poika matabwa (kupitilira apo, seams ndi ochulukirapo). Chifukwa chake, mtengo wa ma seams owonjezera ndi kuwonjezera kwa zitsulo zopangira 500g imayamba kuyambira 1700 rubles. Chifukwa chake, mwa njira, maonekedwe a otchedwa Quasi-Ziyo. Awa ndi matailosi wamba a kukula kwamitundu yomwe imasamukira patsogolo: mawonekedwe, kapangidwe kake kamene kamene katswiri, ndipo nthawi zina utoto wa zonyansa. Kuwala kotereku ndikosavuta kugona, ndipo seams si kotheka konse.
Lingaliro la katswiri
Mafashoni amapangidwa mkati mwa mawonekedwe omwe ali ndi vuto losatheka. Dzulo, pansi la phula la dongoli, kutsanzira marlerky marble kapena glunite kuchokera ku ma depodiits a ku Brazil, amadziwika kuti anali otchuka komanso olemekezeka. Masiku ano, malo owoneka bwino amaperekanso kukhalako kwa zokongoletsera zakunja, mtundu wa mphamvu yokongoletsa. Kutchuka kwa mapanelo azoic, zokongola kapena zitsulo zazikulu zopangidwa ndi zidutswa za ceramic zikulimba mtima. Kuphatikiza apo, matekinoloje amakono amakulolani kuti mupange zinthu zokongola komanso zovuta kuchokera ku Maurompoware a Dormure, ndipo pafupifupi aliyense amatha kudziyesa ngati wopanga.
Opanga akuluakulu, monga kulowerera, kukwaniritsa zotengera zomwe zili ndi mapanelo okonzeka ndi malo okonzeka. Amakulungidwa palimodzi pa mfundo ya Wopanga Wopanga wa Ana. Kukula kwa kapangidwe kamene kamayambira 5050cm ndipo amangokhala ndi zongopeka zanu komanso kukula kwa chipindacho. Porceta Tale Loaaasic ndiyabwino kwa matailosi ochokera mthunzi ndipo amapanga misozi yamkati. Pansi, pansi pa pansi panthaka imapangitsa kugwira ntchito mosangalatsa.
Igor Pachnin, wamkulu wa SAON "CARRAMICY
Kapeti wa ceramic
Ambiri aife timazindikira kukongola ndi kukongola kwa zokongoletsera zovuta za mabotolo kapena zojambula za ukadaulo wapamwamba. Zojambula zapamwamba za avota zokongoletsa pansi pa maholo ndi malo oyimilira a zipinda zathu ndi nyumbazo ndizosowa. Komabe, ndi nyimbo zowala zowoneka bwino kuchokera ku dormuwer milmilware ndi matayala tambiri, imodzi mwamachitidwe a nyengo ino. Njira zamakono za mapirikiziyara kudula ma ceramics zimapangitsa kuti zitheke bwino zomwe zili pazinthu zonse zokongoletsera zilizonse, kuti zipangike moyenera, ngakhale zili ngati pali mawonekedwe ovuta kwambiri. Vomerezani, ma rosette ndi masitepe a geometric kapena map, zithunzi zopeka, kuchokera kuzovuta, zojambula zingapo zamiyala, zimapangitsa kuti pansi paukadaulo, azitha kumaliza ntchito mosangalatsa komanso zosayembekezeka. Ogulitsa ndi matayala ambiri amapereka pulogalamu yosungirako zokongoletsera. Zogulitsa malinga ndi zojambula zamakasitomala zimadulidwa ndikuphatikizidwa ku fakitale yopanga.
Sant santa. | 
Sant santa. | 
Skirel. | 
Skirel. |
38. Ceramic imapereka molondola kukongola ndi glitter ya marble opukutidwa, granite, quarzite
39-40. Khomalo lidayikidwa ndi mwala wamwala, lomwe ndi lamiyala yosalala, osati kokha, komanso kupweteketsa mtima. Luso lapadera limafuna kuti chilengedwe chamisala pansi pa makoma (a), ndege ya monophy (b) imawoneka bwino kwambiri
Comm. | 
Comm. | 
Comm. | 
Ekolcuoghi. |
413. Mtundu, ma pores otchulidwa ndi maselo padziko lonse lapansi amapangitsa kuti ikhale yosadziwika bwino zachilengedwe, momwe, kudzera njira yakunja ya Rosa ku Roma ku Rosa wachiroma adatulutsidwa.
44. Kukongoletsa kwa khoma - ikani ma tambala angapo a ceramic (2020cm) kutsanzira motsac
Wokongola zosowa
Nthawi zina kufunitsitsa kuyimilira kumabweretsa zotsatira zosayembekezereka. Tinene kuti osewera njuga amasangalatsa kwambiri matayala, kumbuyo kwagalasi komwe ndi makhadi ndi tchipisi kuchokera ku kasino. Palibe njira yokhazikika yopangidwa ndi mitundu yazomwe zidabalalika ndi tchipisi. Zinthu zoterezi zimapanga mafakitale omwe amapezeka pazinthu zina. Mwachitsanzo, a Artheo Ceramimi osefukira ndi mapiritsi agalasi, miyala, zitsamba ndi maluwa, agulugufe, agulugufe, agulugufe ndi kafama, okhala ndi iwo kumbuyo. Kuchuluka kwa zosankha zomwe zingatheke kumafikira mazana angapo. Aliyense amene sapeza chilichonse choyenera chikhoza kupereka choyambirira choyambirira chopangidwa ndi china chilichonse, kuchokera ku mabatani a pavel-ang'ono.
Arsoo Ceramimi. | 
Arsoo Ceramimi. | 
Matayala a ceramic. | 
Matayala a ceramic. |
45-46. Zodabwitsa ndi ma seasheni obisika mophiphiritsa, miyala yam'madzi yochokera kunyanja, maluwa, masamba, agulugufe sangathe kuchita bwino. AVTOT Kusindikiza mabatani a madera, mawaya ndi zinthu zina zamagetsi zomwe zofuna za Wopanga zidasinthiratu, zitha kuonedwa kuti ndizosangalatsa
47. Mu chimango cha misozi yowala, matayala owoneka bwino ndi a monophhonic amawoneka bwino kwambiri.
48. Makristalo osefukira pa kuwalako akhoza kukhazikitsidwa pamatandawo pakupanga kapena kuphatikizidwa padera monga momwe amapangira chuma chowonjezera, chomwe chimapereka ufulu wokhala ndi chuma.
Marca Corona. | 
Esima. | 
Ilon. |
49-51. Pazotengera za matayala a ceramic ndi matoni apadendere poshonia amapezeka ngati chinthu chokongoletsera
Zambiri ndi zazing'ono zokongoletsera: tinene mikanda yowala kapena ma rinertones owala. Kumbuyo kwa zinthu izi kumapangitsa kuti mawonekedwe a zomatira, ndipo atachotsa filimu yotetezayo, imakakamizidwa ndi zamiyoyo. Ndani angaganize kuti lero nkhani yachilendo amatha kukhala yotentha! Zowonjezera zapadera zimapereka kapangidwe ka ngale-ngale-peyala yowala, pangani mphamvu ya seamondi ya diamondi kapena kuwala mumdima. Chinthu chachikulu sichoyenera kutaya malingaliro ndi kukoma.
Lingaliro la katswiri
Matauni a Porceya amaikidwa pamalingaliro okonzedwa mwapadera. Tinaletsa kugwiritsa ntchito simenti yachilendo ngakhale zitafika zowonjezera pulasitiki zimayambitsidwa. Mtundu wa guluu umasankhidwa kutengera mtundu wa maziko, mawonekedwe a matailosi ndi zinthu zogwirira ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, gululo la magalimoto akuyang'ana kapena misewu yamisewu iyenera kukhala ndi mphamvu yayikulu, madzi ndi chisanu. Pamodzi ndi kusankha koyenera kwa zinthu zogwirizana, kuyenera kwa kaleimu ndikofunikira. Chifukwa chake, poika phula lalikulu la phulali (6660cm ndi zochulukirapo limayikidwa pamunsi, ndipo kumbuyo kwa matako. Izi zimachepetsa mwayi wa mawonekedwe amtundu wopanda pake ndikusintha zomatira. Zosadabwitsa kwambiri pamaziko ndi zikuluzikulu za matailosi, kukula kuyenera kukhala guluu (ndi zochulukirapo zake). Makulidwe oyenera a zotsatsa ndi 2-5mm.
Tatyana Komerova, katswiri wa Esima Ceramimi
Board Board Thanks "Conramics", Gulu la Ceramica, SKVirel, Dipatimenti Yogulitsa ndi Zachuma Ku Sparky, " "Pofuna thandizo pokonza zinthu