Kukhazikitsidwa kwa eni nyumba: Ubwino ndi Wosautsa Hoa, ufulu ndi maufulu, zovuta zomwe zingatheke m'magulu, magawo ophunzirira
Pamene zaka zanyumba zatsopano kapena nyumba zatsopano, zomangidwa kwa nthawi yayitali, sankhani mapangidwe a Hoa, ayenera kulingalira zonse zabwino komanso zokhudzana ndi mayanjano amenewo. Za izi, komanso momwe mgwirizano umapangidwira, timuuza.
Malinga ndi nyumba yatsopano yankhondo ya Russian Federation, okwana omwe ali eni nyumba zawo akhoza kufotokozedwa kuti aziyang'anira katundu wawo. Chimodzi mwazinthu zamtunduwu ndi mgwirizano wapanyumba (hoa). Ichi ndi chiphunzitso chosapindulitsa chomwe chimapangidwa ndi eni malo (okhala komanso osagwira ntchito) poyang'anira nyumba yolumikizira nyumba, kugwiritsa ntchito ndi kutaya katundu wamba.
Kodi nchifukwa ninji maubwino ogwiritsira ntchito nyumba zapakhomo? Nazi zina mwa izo. Choyamba, Hia ikhoza kusankha kampani yotumizira. Chifukwa chake, ngati ntchito zomwe zaperekedwa sizikugwirizana ndi zofunikira za okwanira (mwachitsanzo, ndizopanda tanthauzo kapena kuderalo), zimakupatsani mwayi wothetsa mgwirizanowo ndikumaliza ndi bungwe linanso kapena anthu ena. Kachiwiri, ma hoa odziyimira pawokha agwira ntchito m'nyumba mwake, amatanthauzira. Theack ndi dongosolo la ntchito izi ndi kuyerekezera kwa ndalama za chaka kukuvomerezedwa pamsonkhano waukulu wa mamembala, sikofunikira kufunsa woyang'anira mzindawo kuti agawire ndalama kenako ndikuyembekezera kubwera kwa okonza.
Chigawo cha Malamulo a Chigawo chimakhala cholumikizidwa ndi malingaliro a "Onessini" a nyumba "ndi" kondomu ". Komabe, kondomu ndi malo ogulitsa okha (kuphatikizapo chiwembu chomwe chili m'malire omwe ali pamtundu wokhala ndi nyumba ndi zinthu zina zogulitsa nyumba), ndipo udindo wa eni nyumba ndioyang'anira katunduyu. Kondomulimu imatha kukhalapo popanda Hua, koma chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa iwo (zida za malo osewerera ndi madera omwe akulandila, kukonza, kukonza ma renti) kupanga bwerero) kupanga bwereketsa) kupanga HAR.
Pali nthawi ina yoyandikana - mgwirizano wa nyumba (HSK). Kusiyana pakati pa chipembedzo ndi khwangwala ndikuti HST yapangidwa kuti ipangidwe ya nyumbayo, ndipo itamangidwa, limbikitsani HOA. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti nyumba zomwe zilipo komanso zomangamanga ziyenera kusinthidwa kukhala HOA nthawi yakupita nthawi.
Bwanji mukutchula?
Kodi mgwirizano ndi chiyani? Pofuna kupatsa nzika zabwino komanso zotetezeka kukonza nyumbayo ndikuzindikira ufulu wa eni malo kuti ayang'anire katundu wawo.TCG ikutanthauza kuchokera ku magwero otsatirawa:
Ndalama zovomerezeka, zoyambizika ndi zopereka zina za mamembala;
Zothandizidwa ndi bajeti kuti muwonetsetse kuti ntchitoyo, kubwezeredwa kwa nyumbayo kwa olamulira ena (kuti alandire zothandizira, Moccow TSZh ayenera kulembetsa ku Countral of Countrations - Era, yomwe imachitika kuyambira pa Okutobala 2007);
Ndalama zochokera kuzachuma (mabungwe) a mgwirizano zomwe akufuna kuchita ndi kukwaniritsidwa kwa ntchito za Hua.
Ngongole yanyumba ya Russian Federation siyimaletsa HOA kuti alandire ndalama zofunikira kuti akwaniritse zolinga zosatha. Pa izi, mgwirizano umaloledwa kuchita zinthu zachuma. Zowona, ziyenera kudziwidwa kuti mndandanda wa mitundu yake ya Hua nthawi zambiri imangogwira ntchito, opareshoni ndi kukonza malo ogulitsa nyumba, zomangamanga zofananira m'nyumba, komanso kubwereka kwa gawo limodzi la katundu wamba.
Ndikofunikira kuti hoa ipeze mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito gawo la munthu wina. Mutha kutumizira chiwembu pazinthu zilizonse za Hua - sizofunikira kuchitapo ngati mgwirizano umapangidwa, kapena panthawi yolembetsa. Lingaliro lopanga chiwembu chokwanira kuti ukwati wonse ukwatire umagwira ntchito - eni malo omwe ali mnyumbamo pamsonkhano wa General. Pa malangizo awo, zikalata zonse zofunika zimatha kukonzekeretsa tchememan wa Hua. Pambuyo pake, ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'boma laboma, zomwe zimapirira chigamulo chomaliza chomwe chimatsimikizira tsogolo la komweko. Chidziwitso: Kusamutsa chiwembu chotere ku malowo kwa eni malo ndi kwaulere.
Nyumba zomwe eni nyumba amapangidwa kapena kupangidwa, koyamba pazowonjezera zomwe zaposa bajeti ya mzindawu. Pofuna kuti nyumba yanu ikonzekerenso panthawi yake, pamsonkhano waukulu wa mamembala, ndikofunikira kusankha pa chilengedwe cha Reagears Fund. Masewera ngati eni ake okhala komanso malo okhala nawo nawonso adzakakamizidwa kuti asamukire ndalama ku Thumba la msonkhanowo malinga ndi lingaliro la msonkhano
Kadzidzi. Mamembala a mamembala osiyanasiyana a Hua omwe amafunsidwa anali ndi nkhawa kuti mayanjano ali ndi zabwino zotsatirazi:
Eni malo omwe adalumikizana mu Hua amatha kusintha mfundo za kampani yoyang'anira. Palibe amene ali ndi ufulu kukakamiza azakazo kuti atole ndalama pa kukhazikitsa mizere yogawika, koma ndikofunikira kusankha zomwe makina owonjezera oyimikawo ayenera kukhala okonzeka, ndipo mamembala a mgwirizano uyenera kupezeka kuti ali ndi izi;
Mgwirizano umapangitsa kuti usankhe kampani yofufuza. Pochita izi, izi zikutanthauza kuti eni akewo amawongolera mtundu wa ntchito zoyankhulidwa ndi iwo. "Kusintha" kotereku kumachitika, mwachitsanzo, antchito a Hua (mainjiniya), Wapampando kapena mamembala a board. Ngati kuphwanya ena kumapezeka, kuyang'ana bolodi, izi zikuluzikira ndipo zitha kukhala maziko olekanitsa mgwirizano ndi kampani yoyang'anira iyi. Aakt, omwe adalemba bwino ntchito zosayenera komanso zanyumba, ndiye maziko azomwe amalipira pazomwe zidaperekedwa;
Ngakhale opititsa patsogolo nyumbayo mamembala a Hua amakakamizidwa kuchita ndi ndalama zawo, boma limapereka thandizo kuchokera bajeti;
Katundu wonse wa Shoa ungabweretse phindu kwa mamembala ake. Ufulu wochititsa bizinesi woperekedwa ku mayanjano amakupatsani mwayi wopeza ndalama zoperekera nyumba zosakhala kapena makoma a nyumbayo (mwachitsanzo, poika nsalu zotsatsa kapena zida zaukadaulo);
Mamembala a Hua amatha kukhala ndi zosavuta (koma, kachilombo kake ka moyo), khomo lolowera lotere, paki yagalimoto yawoyali, bwalo lawo lotchinga, malo osewerera, pomwe mwana wanu angapikisane.
Tiyeneranso kunena kuti kupezeka kwa HOA kumawonjezera mtengo wamsika m'nyumba. Kupatula apo, aliyense akufuna mabedi amaluwa kuti akhale oyera, masitepewo ndi oyera, oseketsa, ndipo ma intloms amagwira ntchito (mndandandawu akhoza kusinthidwanso).
Boma limafuna kuthandiza hoa. Chifukwa chake, sipanatenge nthawi yayitali mu zigawo zingapo (makamaka, ku Moscow), mgwirizano udamasulidwa ku msonkho wapadzikoli. Zomwezo zimagwiranso ntchito pogwira ntchito mogwirizana, Mfundo zina zapadera zopangidwa zidapangidwa kuti zikwaniritse zofuna za nzika zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito molingana ndi nyumba ya Russian Federation .
Akatswiri amakhulupirira kuti ndikopindulitsa kwambiri kuyang'anira nyumba zingapo zopangira nyumba. Lamulo silimasokoneza - imatha kupangidwa kuchokera kwa opanga nyumba ziwiri kapena zingapo. Kuphatikiza apo, Hia ali ndi mutu kuti asankhe mtundu uliwonse wowongolera nyumba: modziyimira pawokha, kudzera mwa mabungwe apadera omwe ali ndi mabungwe opatsa mphamvu kapena kudzera mu mgwirizano ndi mgwirizano wogwirizira kampani yogwira ntchito. Kusintha kwathunthu kwa bungwe la magwiridwe antchito amphamvu zonse pogwiritsa ntchito katundu wamba ndikotheka.
Oninus. Komabe, sikuti zonse zimakhala mitambo - pali hoa ndi zovuta zake:
Nthawi zambiri, zofunikira za eni ake sizipeza chithandizo kuchokera kwa olamulira. Chipatala, limagwirira ntchito pakati pa mgwirizano pakati pa ubwenzi ndi olamulira, chifukwa chake muyenera kuthana ndi zovuta zomwe zimayanjana ndi nyumba, sizikupezeka mokwanira m'Chilamulocho. Chitsanzo chofanana: Ngati wina wa azakanga kunyumba, omwe ali ndi Hua, safuna kulipira zopereka ndikupereka ndalama zothandizira ntchito, kubwezeretsa ngongoleyo kudzera mu bwalo. Malingana ngati khothi lisankhe, nthawi yayitali itha kudutsa, ndipo zothandizira zimalipira anthu okhala ndi zilamulo nthawi imeneyi;
Mafuta safuna kujowina HOA. Mwa lamulo, akuluakulu aboma amakakamizidwa kubweza kusiyana pakati pa zopindulitsa (ndipo ndizocheperako kuposa masiku onse, chifukwa gulu ili la nzika zotsala kuti likwaniritse zofunikira) ndi eni ake omwe amapezeka Nthawi zambiri;
Ndalama zosewerera mu Hua ndizokwera kuposa mnyumba wamba. Koma ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa kuti kuchuluka kwa ndalama zothandizira ntchito ndizofanana kwa anthu a Hua, komanso okhala ndi nyumba zomwe amapangira mgwirizano. Chisankho cha Avtad pa ndalama zowonjezera (mwachitsanzo, pazida za garaja yodzipangira, zingwe zokongoletsera za marble, zolipiritsa za wopanga malo) zimatenga msonkhano wa anthu wamba kapena bolodi ya HOA . Kuwerengera ndi kuwulula kwa malo okhala ndi zofunikira zomwe zingachitike ndi account accountant, accountant kapena wapampando wa mgwirizano. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kuganizira za kulephera kupereka ntchito zothandizira mabungwe (mwachitsanzo, atagwira ntchito yoletsa chilimwe, sanaphatikizepo madzi otentha pa nthawi);
Kupambana ndi kugwira ntchito kwa ntchito za HOA makamaka kumadalira tcheyamani ndi boma. Chifukwa chake, oyang'anira oyang'anira ayenera kukumana ndi malingaliro. Koma ngakhale izi sizingakhale chitsimikizo kuti mnansi wolemekezedwa kuchokera pansi kuchokera pansi pauni wachisanu safuna kugawa gawo la ndalama zaboma, ndipo oyandikana nawo ku khomo lachiwiri lidzakhala woyang'anira wachiwiri.
Pomaliza, wapampando wa hiha nthawi zambiri amadandaula za kusakondana ndi kusakondana. Zachidziwikire, mamembala ku Shoa amatenga ndalama zina zowonjezera, koma amalipira ndi zana. Mwachitsanzo, ndi mayi ati omwe sakanafuna kulola mwana wake kuti ayende m'bwalo lotetezeka komanso lotetezeka? Vuto lotereli limatha kuthetsa vuto la Hoa, komabe, lidzafunikira kuyesayesa ndi ndalama zake.
Mgwirizano wa eni nyumba amalola azakazo kuti apange ndalama pazomwe zimachitika. Pachifukwa ichi, msonkhano waukulu wa mamembala apanga lingaliro loti afotokozere za zinthu zina za katunduyu (pansi pomwe malo ogulitsira akhutitsidwa, kapena khoma logontha la nyumba yomwe chishango chotsatsa chimayikidwa). Mutha kukulitsanso dera la nyumbayo - mwachitsanzo, kuti muyaya kuya kuyanitsa ittic ndikutulutsa. Ndalama zowonjezera zomwe Hia adzalandira ziyenera kupita kwawo
Ufulu ndi Zolinga
Pofuna kulingalira momwe ubale umachita zinthu komanso momwe zingathandizire nzika wamba, ndikofunikira kuphunzira maufulu ndi maudindo ake. Tiyeni tiyambe kugwiritsa ntchito. HOA imaliza mgwirizano ndi mabungwe othandizira kapena kudziyimira pawokha kapena amatulutsa zomwe amagwiritsa ntchito zofunika kuti apatse ogula ntchito zofunikira kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito mavoliyumu. Ndikofunikira kuti zofunikira za chilamulo sizisweka, ndipo moyo, thanzi ndi katundu wa anthu sizinawonongeke. Mgwirizanowu ungatumikire makina apanyumba omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popereka zofunikira kwa ogula, pawokha kapena ndi anthu ena.
Kuwerengera ndi kulipira ndalama pazomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyendetsa kwa Hua kumapatsidwa ntchito zotsatirazi:
Mumtundu wopangidwa, muchepetse kuchuluka kwa zolipira izi (mwachitsanzo, ngati kunali kusokonezedwa ndi magetsi);
Pofunsidwa ndi ogula, onani kuchuluka kwa ndalamazo kwa masiku osagwira ntchito kuti atulutse zikalata zotsimikizira kulondola kwa zolipira, poyerekeza ntchito zomwe zaperekedwa, komanso malamulo ake komanso mapangano, zilango, zilango.
Ndikofunikira kwambiri kutsimikizira kuti kufalitsa ndi zochitika za bolodi la Hia. Kuti muchite izi, pamaso pa Counter (Center), magazini ya Akaunti ndi nkhani za umboni wawo, zomwe zimalola kuti pakhale pempho la ogula kuti muchotse magazini ino. Ngati panali zovuta mu ntchito yaukadaulo wapakhomo kapena zolumikizana ndi zida zam'manja zomwe zili kunja kwa nyumba, bolodiyo imakakamizidwa kuti isadziwitse eni nyumba masana, komanso kuneneratu za anthu iyimitsidwa kapena yochepa. Kuphatikiza apo, mgwirizano pa pempho la mwini wina aliyense ayenera kumupatsa uthenga wotsatirawu: Mayina, Maulesi Akuluakulu a Dubleatch ndi Ntchito Zamalonda Zokhudza Mitengoyi Ntchito, magawo a mkhalidwe wawo, nthawi zonse zothetsa ngozi ndi zina zophwanya njira zoperekera zida.
Udindo wina wosasangalatsa umakhala pa utsogoleri wa mgwirizano - kudziwitsa ogula pazosokoneza, ndipo osapitilira masiku 10 ogwirira ntchito asanayambe kuyimitsidwa.
Kuti mutsimikizire kuti kuphedwa ndi matupi a hoa ya ntchito zawo, udindo umaperekedwa. Zifukwa zogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi njira zoterezi ndikuphwanya mtundu ndi njira zoperekera zida; Kuvulaza chifukwa cha moyo, thanzi ndi ogula katundu, komanso anthu okhala naye, chifukwa cholephera kupereka ntchito izi kapena zabwino. Kusowa kwa zolakwa za mitu ya Hua kapena bungwe la woyang'anira pankhaniyi silikukhudzidwa. Komabe, sakumasukiratu kuti athe kukula bwino, ngati atsimikizira kuti zidapangitsa kuti agwiritse ntchito majere. Kuphwanya udindo pagawo la abwenzi (mabungwe othandizira) kapena olakwika a bolodi (kuphatikizapo kusowa kwa ndalama zoyenera) sakhala m'mikhalidwe yotere. Mndandanda wa milandu pomwe mamembala a board a Hua ali ndi udindo, adakhazikika mu panga
Koma zonsezi zimagwira ntchito. Ufulu wa Avt Tsz kuti gawo limodzi limagwirizana ndi gulu la maubale omwe amagwiritsa ntchito. Mgwirizanowu uli ndi mutu wofunikira kuti alipire ndalama zotsala (ndipo, motero, kulimbana kwa mpikisano, kumalipira, zilango, zilango pamaso pa ngongole). Gulu la mgwirizanowo lingafunikenso ogwira ntchito kapena oimira a Hua, antchito ogwira ntchito mwadzidzidzi poyang'ana luso la zida intrase ndi kukwaniritsidwa kwa ntchito yokonzedwa kuti avomereze. Nthawi yochezera iyenera kutetezedwa ndi ogula (ngakhale kuti lamuloli silikugwira ntchito kwa iwo pakufunika kuthetsa ngozi). Ngati mukukana kuyimira kwa TCG ndipo vuto lanu lidzawonongeka (mwachitsanzo, mudzadzaza oyandikana nawo chifukwa cha kuperewera kwa mankhwalawa), ndiye kuti mgwirizano uli ndi ufulu wokakamira zowonongeka zonse.
Pomaliza, bolodi la Hoa limaperekedwa ndi mphamvu kuyimitsa kapena kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa madzi otentha, mphamvu zamagetsi ndi mpweya. Komabe, njirayi ndi yayitali kwambiri: kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa zofunikira kapena kuyimitsa kuti katundu awo atumizidwe kukhothi. Mwini chipinda ayenera kukhala wobwezera chidindo cholembedwa cha njira zolandirira (ndikwabwino kuti mutumize ndi makalata ndi chizindikiritso kapena kupatsirana kuchokera ku dzanja kuti mulandire). Koma ziyenera kuzindikiridwa nthawi zomwe zimaperekedwa kuti zithetse ngongole za dealtalter. Kuganizira - thimitsani kuyamwa, kuwononga ndi kuzizira madzi ndi koletsedwa.
Mavuto
Chabwino, tsopano tiyeni tiyese kuyang'ana mavuto a Hoa kuchokera mkati. Acheri akuyandikana nawo amadziwika kuti zovuta zambiri zimakhala ndi nkhawa. Amatha kugawidwa m'magulu angapo.
Woyamba (komanso wofunikira kwambiri) - osalipira. Mwachitsanzo, wopanga ndi wogula, adalipira kale nyumbayo, akuwonetsedwa, chifukwa chimathetsedwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Ngongole pamaso pa HOA ikukula, yogula imakhala m'nyumba mwake, ndikuzikonza, koma chifukwa chozunza salipira, ndikunena za kuti nyumba sizikhala za iye. Inde, ndipo wofufuzayo sanakonzeka kulipira ndalama zokwanira, ngakhale zimati nyumbayo ikhalabe chuma chake. Mwalamulo, izi sizinatheke, chifukwa chake nthawi iliyonse zimaloledwa payekhapayekha, nthawi zambiri mu makutu.
Vuto lachiwiri ndi ubale ndi wopanga: si aliyense wa iwo ali wokonzeka kuthetsa zolakwa zomwe zili m'nyumba yatsopano iliyonse. Ngati mukupanga wopanga kuti alephera, ofunsa adokotala amachotsa zolakwika ndi zoperewera chifukwa cha ndalama zawo.
Nthawi zina wopanga nawo amayambitsa eni ake eni mtsogolo osocheretsa mderalo. Atatu atapeza mwayi, amawonetsa ziyembekezo, ndipo pamawu ake akuti: "Gawolo latchulidwa", lophatikizidwa ndi mgwirizano, palibe amene amatsatira chidwi. Nyumba yogona ivot idagulidwa, bwalo lamindayo litakhala ndi zida, masitolo ndi ma sandbox amaikidwa kale - ndipo pabwalo lidayamba kale kukumba dzenje Latsopano .. kapena anthu adayamba kale kukumba dzenje latsopano. Kulipira Kukonzanso, komwe sikunali, chifukwa pamene iwo adalowa, m'nyumba yatsopanoyo panali makhoma okha. .
Vuto lachitatu ndikusowa chidziwitso pazinthu za Hua. Anthu ambiri samapita kumisonkhano yonse, koma mafunso onse okhudzana ndi nyumba yawo amathetsa kale. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri hoa imayamba kuthandizidwa ndi "zokambirana" - mamembala a bolodi omwe amatha kudutsa nyumba zonse mnyumba ndikukambirana milandu ndi eni ake.
Isapy Vuto Lalikulu - Anthu okhala mkati. Anthu ambiri ali okonzeka kupereka ndalama, koma safuna kutenga nawo mbali pakusintha kapena kambiranani kambiranani zosankha zotha kusintha moyo wa nyumbayo.
Mwachidule, mutha kunena kuti: HOA ndi chosowa. Muyenera kusamalira nyumba yanu ndi malingaliro. Wamkulu kuposa mwiniwakeyo, palibe amene angachite.
Hoa siili ndi ufulu wosintha mitengo yothandizira: amakhazikitsidwa ndi boma la Russian Federation. Kukula kwa AVTOT pakukonzedwa ndikukonza nyumba (zomwe kale zidayitanitsa kukonza nyumbayo) imatsimikiziridwa pamsonkhano waukulu wa mamembala a Hua. Mgwirizano womwewo umapezeka kuchokera ku ndalama zothandizira kukonza ndi kukonza nyumba zonyamula nyumba - zololedwa izi zimakupatsani mwayi wokhala ndi nyumba yoyenera
Kutsatira magawo a mapangidwe a eni nyumba
1. Maphunziro a gulu loyambira kuchokera kwa eni kapena eni ake mtsogolo nyumba
2. Ntchito yokonzekera (Kuchulukitsa kwa okhalamo, kumveketsa bwino kwa mayanjano)
3. Msonkhano waukulu wa okhalamo, omwe amasankha pakupanga HAA, sankhani bolodi ndi wapampando, komanso njira yoyang'anira kampaniyo (ndi eni ake), vomerezani Charter of the HOA
4. Kulembetsa kwa HOA ngati bungwe lalamulo. Izi zimafunikira mawu olembetsera boma, protocol Msonkhano waukuluwu ndi lingaliro la mwini nyumba (kope loyambirira kapena lovomerezeka), lovomerezedwa ndi Msonkhano waukulu wa Homeni ( owerengeredwa), komanso risiti kuti mulipire ntchito ya boma kuti mulembetse mgwirizano (ma ruble zikwi)
5. Kutsegula akaunti yakale ya mgwirizano mu banki
6. Kusamutsa nyumba mu kayendetsedwe ka ntchito yapadera, yomwe ili ndi nthumwi za oyang'anira mzinda ndi mabowo a hoa (machitidwe a Hua (Kuchita) nyumbayo)