Masitepe okwera: magulu a zida, zokongoletsa komanso zabwino za dongosolo, zida zamayendedwe, malamulo ogwiritsira ntchito malamulo.
Kukhazikitsa masitepe china kumakumbutsa msonkhano wa Wopanga Ana
Masitepe okwera pamatope amapatsa mphamvu ngakhale kwa odzichepetsa
Mapangidwe ake ndi osavuta komanso molondola ngakhale m'malo operekera.
Masitepe amiyala okhala ndi zipatala zitha kuwoneka zosavuta komanso zokongola
Masitepe a Showwood omwe ali ndi zipatala amapangitsa kuti tchuthi
Zosankha za kukweza gawo lakumtunda kupita ku Slab zopitilira muyeso pogwiritsa ntchito chiopsezo (a) ndi ntchito yomanga njanji, yomwe imazindikira gawo la katundu wochita masitepe (B)
E. Kulibaba
Thandizo la zipatala zololedwa kupanga masitepe owoneka bwino omwe samakhala ndi vuto lalikulu
Cholumikizira kukhoma;
B- kulumikizane kuchipatala;
1- Laliple Stoeve,
2- Bracket;
3- Nanchiro.
4- okumbukira
Ng. Masiketi 5; 6Ndipo ena;
7, Chipatala;
8 - Tsitsi la Telescopic;
9- Shayba
Popanga masitepe, zipatala zimagwirira ntchito limodzi ndi kosoulg
Mapangidwe akuluakulu a masitepe ophatikizira (a) ndi otsika mu chisomo cha masitepe parodi (B)
Zowoneka zoyambirira za zipatala ndi masitepe
Manja olimba ndi anti amphamvu akutsindika mphamvu yamphamvu ya osambira
Ngati mamangidwe anga, malinga ndi goethe, nyimbo zaulimi, ndiye kuti zinthu zake zingafanizidwe ndi nyimbo zowoneka bwino. Zowona, mitundu yambiri yomangamanga, mosiyana ndi nyimbo, ilibe kuwuluka. Maukadaulo amakono amakupatsani mwayi woti mupange sululeti wowona pa chitsulo, nkhuni, galasi ndi mwala, zomwe zikukhudza malingaliro.
Chidziwitso chothandiza
Mukamapanga masitepe pazida za Nyumba yamalamulo, zofuna zachitetezo, magwiridwe antchito ndi ergonomics ziyenera kuonedwa. Malinga ndi miyezo yaposachedwa (Snip 2.08.01-89 * - nyumba yokhala ") kukweza (kochokera) kwa Marichi sikuyenera kupitilira 30-40. Ndi minda, kuyenda kopitilira 45 pamasitepe kumakhala kovuta (makamaka). Makina a Stroke (ochepera 25) tengani malo ochulukirapo ndipo ali ndi gulu la rampsi. Kukula kwa masitepe nthawi zambiri kumatengedwa pamaziko a kugwedezeka kwa Marichi. Magawo otsatirawa a ndodo (m'lifupi) ndi Riser (kutalika) amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri: 300150, 280160, 2010180mm. Komabe, masitepe opangidwa kuti ayike akhoza kukhala ndi 35mm ndikubwera ku 230mm. Kutalikirana Kwambiri kwa Masitepe March - 1m. Masitepe a masitepe, okhoza kugwiritsa ntchito (kusuntha kwa wina ndi mnzake, kusamutsa mipando .D.). M'lifupi mwa magulu osavuta amatha kukhala 0,8m. Kukweza ndege paulendo, mtunda pakati pa gawo lililonse komanso ndege ya denga iyenera kukhala osachepera 2m. Mpanda ukulimbikitsidwa kuti uzichita 0.9mmwamba. Mtunda wozungulira wa Balassine woyandikana nawo sudutsa 150mm. Ngati mapangidwe a Balasine amaikidwa m'masitepe awiri kapena atatu, malo pakati pawo nthawi zambiri amadzaza zingwe (prokad zingwe) zikuyenda.
Mukamamanga masitepe ozungulira ku zipatala kuti zisapulumutse malo, ntchito ndi ndalama, akatswiri amakulangizani kuti asagwiritse ntchito masitepe, koma njira zazitali (posinthira 90 zimafunikira zinthu zitatu).
Kukongola ndi kupindula
Kupambana kwa chithandizo chothandizira parodi kumakonzedweratu ndi zolimba zoyambirira. Maulendo osokonekera popanda zodziwika bwino komanso alondawo ngati kuti amawuluka mlengalenga. Zokongola ndi mapapu okongola, zinthu zoterezi sizikhala zosasangalatsa ndipo sizimadetsa chipindacho. Zachidziwikire, m'chipinda chopumira chopumira munthawi ya Baroque, sangathe kukhala oyenera. Koma izi sizitanthauza kuti masitepe omwe ali pamalo abwino kwambiri a malo amakono. Amatha kudziwa zokongoletsera zapamwamba komanso zongopeka, kuti tigwirizane nawo munthawi yovuta kwambiri.Kuphatikiza pa luso lapauni, mabwalo oterewa ali ndi zabwino zonsezi. Choyamba, ndi kutalika kofananira ndi kuchuluka kwa mwayi, amakhala ochepa kwambiri kuposa momwe akuyenda. Kachiwiri, kapangidwe kake pamtundu waukulu kwambiri ndi chipangizo chopambana ndi chipangizo cha masitepe mu nsanja, cholakwika kapena niche ndi makoma a curvaninear. Poterepa, palibe chifukwa chopangira "kutuluka" (chifukwa chake) ma boosters kapena oyendetsa. Masitepe osungira ma bolsters ndi abwino kwa nyumba zonse ndi mitengo yamatabwa kapena zofooka, chifukwa sapanga katundu wofunikira pazinthu zothandizira.
Makina othandiza pamalamulo amadziwika ndi kupanga kwambiri. Amakonzedwa mosavuta, popeza siteji yomwe imawonongeka imasinthidwa popanda kusokoneza kukhulupirika kwa zinthu zoyandikana nazo. Izi zitha kusinthidwa (mwachitsanzo, pankhani yachilengedwe cha nyumbayo ndikupezekanso kwina).
Pomaliza, "mpweya" sufuna chisamaliro chotopetsa. Pamatepe otseguka, fumbi ndi dothi musadziunjikire. Pakukolola, burashi kapena mphuno ya kuyeretsa kwa vakuko sikukumana ndi zopinga zazikulu kapena ngolo zosafikirika.
Malinga ndi mawonekedwe opanga, masitepe awa, m'malingaliro athu, atha kugawidwa m'magulu atatu: malo otonthoza omwe zipatala zimapezeka mbali imodzi ya masitepe ndikuchita ntchito yogwira ntchito; Zophatikiza mitundu, pomwe katunduyo amasinthidwa pakati pa zipatala ndi onyamula m'manja; Makina ovuta amakhalanso mwa iwo, ndi amodzi amodzi.
Kumangirira pansi
Popanga masitepe achipatala, mabodi a glued amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi makulidwe osachepera 60mm kuchokera nkhuni zokwanira nkhuni (larch, thundu, yamatch, matcheri. Zomwezo zomwezo zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito ndi zotchinga nkhuni zabwino (mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mahugany, American mtedza, maolivi ku In.D.). Zochita zomatira zimadziwika ndi kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ndi geometric bata. Ponena za posachedwa, masitepewo adayamba kupanga kuchokera kudera latsopano la CPL (Kenngott), ndikuyang'ana kapangidwe ka mtengo ndi mwala. Masitepe oterewa amakhala ndi kuvala mwakuya kukana, kulimba, kusakhala ndi kutentha kwambiri komanso kusiyana kwa chinyezi.
Popanga miyala, awiri ndi enanso ambiri a marble, granite, gneis, quarzati. Kuphatikiza apo, imapangidwa ndi konkriti yolimbikitsidwa yolimbikitsidwa ndi makulidwe a 3-4 masentimita, yolumikizidwa ndi mwala wokongoletsera.
Kuti mupange "masitepe owonekera" osinthika kuchokera kwa acrylic kapena m'magulu a miltilar-mphamvu ndi makulidwe a 36-38mm. Kumamatira slid, ndege yawo yam'mwamba imapangitsa zinthu kapena kupezeka ndi zinthu zapadera "zosaoneka" zomwe zimapangitsa galasi kapena mtundu wa pulasitiki.
Chikondwerero cha chithumwa
Zotchinga (kuchokera kwa iye). Bolt- "Bolt", "Rod") amathandizira ma nando omwe akutsimikizira kuti masitepe a masitepe a masitepe. Mapangidwe awo ndi osavuta. Ngati mungayike chipika (chidutswa cha chitoliro) pakati pa magawo awiriwo, kubowola kudzera m'mabowo kudutsa pa chitolirochi, ikani bolt yayitali kwambiri kuti iyike bolt yokwanira ndikukoka. ndi chitoliro chocheza, ndiye kuti tipeza mawonekedwe osavuta a balt. Gawo lililonse limavala awiri. Kotero kuti masitepewo sadyetsedwa ndi kulemera kwa anthu, katundu wanyamula ndi zinthu zawo, maulendo a ma balts ndi ma buration ayenera kukhala ochulukirapo, ndikuti chipongwe chimawoneka chokongola, m'malo mwake. Njira yodziwikiratu komanso yokongola ya masitepe mokwanira zonse zimatengera mphamvu za zinthuzi m'njira zambiri. Manja amapangidwa ndi mitengo, zitsulo (zachitsulo kapena zachitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, mkuwa wopukutidwa) ndi polyamidi. Chitsulo chikufunika kwambiri. Zinthu zonse zamakono za malo othandiza zimakhala ndi magwiridwe antchito apamwamba. Kuphatikiza apo, chitsulo cha pulasitiki ndi pulasitiki zimapangitsa telescopic (kuluma pa ulusi) kuti asinthe kutalika kwake pa kukhazikitsa kapena kugwira ntchito. Makulidwe si ochepera 60mm, omwe amapereka masitepe onse oyenera.
Mukakhazikitsa, ndikoyamba kumangiriza mbale za denga la zotambalala kwa masitepe oyamba, pansi (ndodo yawo younikira imakhala ndi gawo la nangula). Amakonza gawo loyamba. Pafupi ndi m'mphepete mwake, m'mphepete mwake, maufumu awiri amaikidwa, kuchirikiza m'mphepete mwa lachiwiri ,.d. Koma pa imodzi mwazinthu zazikulu ("zabwinobwino", ndiye kuti, ndi mulifupi ndi boloni yopepuka ya 10-12mm), masitepewo amatha kukula masitepe anayi mpaka asanu. Zachidziwikire, mutha kupanga maziko ndi zipatala zazikulu kwambiri, zomwe zimagwira ntchito ngati chinthu cha Koowar. Komabe, pankhaniyi, kapangidwe kake kamataya kukopa kwake. Zotsatira zake, kuti tisunge pang'ono, masitepe opezeka pamavuto amafunika thandizo la makoma. Pamalo, masitepewo amakhazikitsidwa pamabakiti apadera, omwe, nawonso amakopeka ndi khoma ndi mangusi achitsulo. Kutalika kwa kutha kokhazikika kumatengera mtundu wa makoma. Tinene kuti kugawa kwa njerwa kuyenera kukhala ndi makulidwe osachepera theka la thanthwe (130mm). Pali dzenje lokhala ndi mainchesi a 40mm ndi mainchesi a 40mm, momwe nangula ndi 80mm yayitali. KenrongTet Amachita nangula womangirira m'makoma pa simenti "yachangu", yogwira mkati mwa mphindi zochepa. Pankhaniyi, kutalika kwa chisindikizo ndi 140-160mm.
Zizindikirozi sizimanyalanyaza zipatala zochokera kumalo awo. Mitundu iwiri ya zinthu zothandizirana bwinobwino. Zizindikiro sizingodziwa zolimba zolimba, komanso sizilola kuti chiwongolerocho chitupa pambali pake. Kukhazikitsa kwa zipatala kuchokera mkati mwa njira kumawonjezera kudalirika kwa ntchito ndi kukhazikika kwa masitepe (masitepewo sachita "kusewera"), komanso amathandizira kukoma kosangalatsa kwa kapangidwe kake. Tikuwonjezera kuti mabatani amayika ma gaskets a elastic omwe amapereka kokwanira pakubwera ndikuwumitsa oscillation akamayenda. Masitepe "olimba. Hitech "(Russia) imapereka kukhazikitsa kwa nangula kukhoma kudzera mwamphamvu zomwe zimapangitsa kugwedezeka osalola kupita kumakoma ndikupanga phokoso.
Maulendo oyambira ndi masitepe 15 (akweza). Ngati masitepe ndi apamwamba, kenako pa ndodo yachinayi kapena yachisanu imathandizira kuti ikhale interment. Kusintha nsanja kumafuna ma racks. Komabe, nthawi zambiri lingaliro lotere silikukhutira ndi eni kapena wopanga. Ndiye njira zina zopangira. Mwachitsanzo, ngati kutalika kwa masitepe kumapitilira njira imodzi mwa kukweza kwakukulu, kenako gawo la kubwerako ndi malowa mutha kuyimitsidwa pamakomo a padenga. Nthawi yomweyo, kuyimitsidwa sikungokhala zinthu zokhazokha, komanso mpanda.
Dziwani kuti kukula kwa zipatala zimadalira kutalika kwa masitepe, komanso kuchokera ku zinthu zawo. Mwachitsanzo, kumapiri okulirapo kwambiri kuposa 1M amafunikira zinthu zamphamvu zamphamvu (m'mimba mwake mwa stael sloever strided ndi 25mm). Zinthu zikakulitsidwa ngati kuyika kwa mwala wamwala kumakhala ndi pakati, komanso ngakhale ndi mpanda wolemera kwambiri (kungoyipitsa. Kenako likhala lofunikira kuyang'ana malire pakati pa zokongoletsera zolemera komanso kulemera koyenera kwa kapangidwe kake. Mosakayikira, kufunikira kwa mabungwe akuluakulu kwambiri kudzachitika pakupanga kopanga, komanso kukhazikitsa mtengo wake, ndikuwonjezera mtengo wokwanira, ndipo koposa zonse, pakuwonongeka kwa Kupanga makwerero a bito.
Ngakhale kuti zolemera zakunja, nyumba zokhala ndi ma bolsiter zimatha kupirira katundu wogawika mpaka 1800 kgf. Masitepe otere ali ndi banrude yolimba kuchokera ku mtengo ndi chitsulo, kulowa. Mwachitsanzo, tinene kuti palinso gawo lalikulu la mtengo wonse womanga.
Gulu lachiwiri (malingana ndi gawo lomwe lili pamwambapa) - nyumba zomwe zili mbali ya katundu zimatenga pazanja zomwe zimagwira ntchito ya mtengo wonyamula. Kudzera pazipilala zake, amapereka katundu pa overlap. Pankhaniyi, ndalama za zipatala zimachepetsedwa ndikuchepetsa m'mimba mwake. Nthawi yomweyo, masitepe atha kuchitika wowonda mwa 5-10 mm. Koma zitsanzo za mtundu uwu zimakhala ndi zoletsa zingapo pa kuyika kwa mpanda. Mwachitsanzo, ndizosatheka kugwiritsa ntchito galasi (polycarbonate yokha) kapena balstrade yayikulu. Kupanda kutero, dzanja limatha kusokonezeka kwambiri.
Samalirani masitepe a Stolodes
Pofuna masitepe opangira matabwa, osasandulika, sanasungunuke ndipo osakutidwa ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono, ndikofunikira kutsatira malamulo osavuta kwambiri chifukwa cha opaleshoni yawo.
Mapangidwe ake ayenera kukhazikitsidwa pamtunda wokwanira kuchokera ku zida zotenthetsera (osachepera 1.5 m), komanso mapaipi amadzi amagetsi amadzi ndi kutentha kwa madzi. Mabungwewo ayenera kusungidwa pamtengo wamatabwa komanso kutentha kwa chinyezi (kutentha kwa mpweya - 20-25 s, wachibale wa 1-60%). Ndikofunikira kupewa kutentha komanso kusasiyana. Iyeneranso kuperekanso chilengedwe cha masitepe (ngati ili mu voliyumu yapakatikati kapena mpanda). Ndikusowa kwa mpweya wabwino komanso chinyezi chachikulu, mwayi wa kuwonongeka kwachilengedwe kumtengowo (mawonekedwe a nkhungu, kuvunda ,.D.).
Ndikofunika kudziwa mtundu wa varnish womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi wopanga, ngati akuwonongeka kwamakina kumasitepe. Kuyeretsa kwa masitepe yamatabwa ndikofunikira kupanga chingwe chonyowa, chophatikizika bwino. Kukonzekera kovomerezeka kwa masitepe (osapitilira 1 nthawi) magazinious) am'madzi amtundu wapadera wokhala ndi sera.
Kuphatikiza kwanzeru
Oyandikana ndi khoma la capital kapena gawo lonyamula silikhala ndi masitepe onse. Nthawi zambiri mabodza amaikidwa pafupi ndi nyumba zoundana, ma schetlet pulasitiki kapena kuyika pakati pa chipindacho. Pankhaniyi, ndizosatheka kugwiritsa ntchito masitepe wamba pamabati. Kuti apange mawonekedwe a "Usiri", machitidwe ophatikizika amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Nthawi zambiri, kuchokera mkati, kuguba kwa ndodo kumathandizira ma coosur, opangidwa malinga ndi mbiri ya masitepe. "Crankshaft" idachitika paliponse zimaphatikizapo lingaliro la zamkati motero, potero ndikupanga chinyengo cha kusokonekera kwa mapangidwe a zinthu.Tionjezerani m'makoma opangira matabwa (ma burus, mitengo) sakulimbikitsa kupanga kutonthoza kumathandizira mangufuwa. Masitepe mkati mwa kuguba mpaka kumalekezerowo amadulidwa mu burper yonyamula nkhuni kuchokera ku nkhuni zamabizinesi. Nthawi yomweyo, mawonekedwe a mtengowo amasankhidwa m'njira yoti chinthucho cha masitepe okwanira mwamphamvu pakhoma.
Kuphatikiza apo, zipatala zimatha kumasewera gawo la malo owonjezera. Tiyeni tinene masitepe a masitepe a screw amakhazikika pachimake. Kwa masitepe okhala ndi kutalika kwa ma 1m ndipo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito zingwe zotentha kapena zitsulo. Chisankho chotere chimafunikira mtengo waukulu wa nthawi ndi ndalama (makamaka popanga olakwa) ndipo nthawi zina amatsutsana ndi zomwe amapanga. Zosavuta pakukhazikitsa zipatalazo zitsimikizire kukhazikika ndi mphamvu ya masitepe a screw, pomwe akusungabe "kuwonekera" kwa kapangidwe kake.
Njira Zofikira
Zikuwonekeratu kuti masitepe omwe ali parodi ali m'gulu la zomanga zamakampani opanga mafakitale. Kutha kupanga magulu otere kunyumba kumayambitsa kukayikira kwakukulu. Zachidziwikire, achinyengo kumanzere, ndikukhazikitsa cholinga, "akuwala" masitepe "" ndi zipatala "za wolemba". Koma khalidwe, kudalirika, kukhazikika ndi kudetsedwa sikudzakhala kokhutira. Mmenemo muli zifukwa zomveka.
Kupatula apo, zipatala, ngakhale kuwoneka kosavuta kuoneka, ndi makina othamanga. Ndikotheka kungopanga mafakitale okha. Mwa njira, opanga kwambiri amagwiritsa ntchito tsatanetsatane wa zomwe zimalepheretsa zipatala zomwe zimachitika pakugwira ntchito.
Masitepe osungiramo ma balts omwe amayenderana ndi zaka 1 kwa chaka chimodzi. Kenako, mutha kupanga mgwirizano ndi ntchito ya chitsimikizo. Kuphatikiza apo, opanga nthawi zambiri amasunga zolemba pamtundu uliwonse kwa nthawi yayitali (mwachitsanzo, zaka 30).
Mtengo
Mtengo wa masitepe pa bolsters zimadalira zinthu zambiri: zosintha, kupezeka kwa zipatala, zipatala, masrastral. Mtengo woyambirira umachokera ku ma ruble a 55-75,000. Kwa 1 tsa. M Marsha (kupatula masitepe a nthawi yayitali).
Otsatsa akuthokoza kampani "crystal scon", "cms tehnomir", "Aks Tehnomir", "Aknomir"