Tiyerekeze za msika wampompu wotentha ndi ma system amadzi otentha: Maluso a zida, mfundo za ntchito ndi kukhazikitsa.
A- VA65 / 130 (DAB) yokhala ndi kukakamiza kwakukulu kwa 6.3 m ndikupereka 3M3 / h;
Mpukutu wa B-Liwiro la Star Rs25 / 6-3P Mesystems (Wilo) ali ndi kukakamiza kwa 6m ndi 3,5m3 / h
Osati kale kwambiri, kachitidwe kanthawi kokakamizidwa kwa ozizira kunali kwa eni nyumba zapamwamba osavomerezeka. Zida zoterezi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha pamaneti. Tsopano, pochulukitsa zofunikira kuti atonthoze ndi kupulumutsa, mapampu ofalitsidwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku.
Bwanji mukufuna pampu yozungulira
Malinga ndi malamulo a sayansi ya sayansi, ntchito yotentha yamadzi imakhazikika pa kufalitsa kwa ozizira. Pofuna kupanga zida zotenthetsera kuti zithandizire kutentha, mtsinje wozizira uyenera kukhala wokwanira (izi zimatsimikiziridwa ndi kuwerengera). Kufalikira kwa ozizira kungakhale kwachilengedwe ndikukakamizidwa. Zachilengedwe zimatheka chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa miyala yotentha komanso yozizira madzi, kukakamizidwa mothandizidwa ndi pampu yapadera.Makina okhala ndi kuzungulira kwachilengedwe amafunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta chifukwa chofunikira kukhala ndi kutentha kwambiri kwa madzi mu mzere wa chakudya. Kupatula apo, kutentha kwambiri kwamadzi, kuchepa kwake pang'ono komanso, chifukwa chake, pamwamba pa liwiro la mapaipi. Mukamayendetsa dongosolo lotentha lotere, ndizovuta kukhala ndi kutentha kwa malo, monga momwe mumasinthira zachilengedwe ndizovuta kuvuta kugwiritsa ntchito ma hermostatic otsekeka. Kodi ndikofunikira kunena kuti pansi otentha ndi otchuka masiku ano popanda pampu yozungulira kuti musakonzekere?
Pampu yamagetsi mu dongosolo lotentha lamadzi (DHS) makamaka kuti litha kupezeka ndi madzi otentha nthawi yomweyo, kutsegula crane nthawi iliyonse yamadzi. Komanso, mataitali othamanga amatha kulumikizidwa ndi DHW dongosolo la DHW, lomwe kufalitsidwa kozizira ndikofunikira.
Kuvomerezeka kuchokera ku kukweza madzi, zomwe zimayambitsa madzi pamtunda wina, kuzungulira mapampu amangokakamiza kuti musunthire mozungulira mozungulira. Ntchito ya zida zotere ndi kupukuta kuchuluka kwa zozizirazi, kuthana ndi kukana kwa mapaipi ndi zinthu zina.
Kusankhidwa kwa pampu ndi malingaliro pang'ono
Magawo akuluakulu a pampu yosefukira ndikukakamizidwa (H), kuyeza m'magulu am'madzi, ndikudyetsa (Q), kapena magwiridwe antchito ndi VM3 / H. Kupanikizika kwakukulu ndi kukana kwamphamvu kwambiri kwa dongosolo lomwe lingagonjetse pampu. Pankhaniyi, chakudya chake ndi zero. Kudya kwakukulu kumatchedwa onyamula kutentha kwambiri, komwe kumatha kusamutsidwa kwa 1 hp kukana kukana kwa dongosololi, kufunafuna zero. Kudalira kwa kukakamizidwa pa kachitidwe ka kachitidwe kumatchedwa kuti pamphumpi. Mapampu oipa ndi chikhalidwe chimodzi, mu liwiro lalitali, motero, ziwiri ndi zitatu. Unasosov wokhala ndi pafupipafupi kusinthasintha kwa kuzungulira kwa rotor pali zinthu zambiri.
Kusankhidwa kwa pampu kumachitika, kuperekedwa koyamba kwa chozizira chonse, chomwe chidzakulungira ndi kuthana ndi Hydraulic kwa dongosolo. Zogwiritsa ntchito mozizira mu dongosololi zimawerengedwa kutengera kutayika kwamitundu yotentha ndi kufunikira kwa kutentha pakati pa mizere yokhazikika komanso yosinthira. Kutentha, kudaliranso zinthu zambiri (kutentha kwa zinthu zambiri zophimba, kutentha kozungulira, kukhazikika kwa nyumbayo kwa IDO) ndipo amatsimikiziridwa ndi kuwerengera. Kudziwa kuwonongeka kwa kutentha, werengani kugwiritsidwa ntchito koyenera malingana ndi formulan q = 0.864 / (TPR.T), pomwe Q- H; PN - Zofunika pakukumba kutentha kwanyengo yotentha yotentha, KW; TPR. Kutentha kwa chakudya (mwachindunji) mapaipi; Mapaisi otsiriza-kutentha. Pamitundu youluka, kutentha kutentha (TPR-T-tob.t) nthawi zambiri kumakhala 15-20 ° C, kwa pansi panthaka, 8-10s.
Pambuyo pomveketsa kuchuluka kwa ozizira, kukana kwa hydraulic kwa masitolo omenyera kumatsimikizika. Kutsutsa kwa Hydraulic kwa zinthu za dongosolo (zowonera, mapaipi, otsekeka ndi magetsi okhazikika) nthawi zambiri amatengedwa pa magome ofananira.
Powerengera misa yowoneka bwino ya ozizira komanso kukana kwa hydraulic ya kachitidweko, magawo a komwe amatchedwa kuti amapezeka. Pambuyo pake, kugwiritsa ntchito ma calani opanga, pampuyo imapezeka, yokhotakhota yomwe imangokhala yotsika kuposa momwe dongosololi likuyendera. Kwa mapampu atatu othamanga, kusankhaku akutsogolera, kuyang'ana pa liwiro lachiwiri kuti nthawi idalipo. Kuti mupeze bwino kwambiri chipangizochi, ndikofunikira kuti malo ogwiritsira ntchito ali pakati pa mikofu. Dziwani kuti kuti mupewe kupezeka kwa hydjuulic phokoso mu ma piipelines, kuchuluka kwa ozizira sikuyenera kupitirira 2m / s. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito ngati chibwibwi chozizira chokhala ndi mamasukidwe kakang'ono, pampuyo imapezeka ndi 1%.
Zomveka, lingalirani chitsanzo cha kupukusa pampu kwa kanyumba ndi dera la 200m2, komwe dongosolo la mapiko awiri lotentha kuchokera ku mapaipi a Polypropyym ndi kutalika kwake. Ndondomeko Yatentha Kwambiri Kutentha Kwambiri- 90 / 70s. Tiyerekeze kuti kutaya kutaya nyumba ndi 24kW. Ndiye kuti mafuta omwe amafunikira q = 0.86244 / (90-70) = 1.03m3 / h. Kukana kwa Hydraulic kumapezeka patebulo - ndi 1,8WBA / m. Kuti chitoliro chokhala ndi kutalika kwa 50m, kukana kudzakhala kofanana ndi 90 Mbar, kapena pafupifupi 0,1bar = 1md. Tikuwonjezera ku kukana uku kwa zinthu za kachitidwe, zofanana, nenani, 1Mvod.st. Zolemba: Q = 1.1 m3 / h, n = 2m. Tisankhira pampu malinga ndi catalog (Denmark). Pazifukwa zathu, mtundu wa liwiro lachitatu la UP25-40 ndilabwino, dongosolo ndi 108.
Mapampu olimbitsa thupi
Pakadali pano, opanga zida zopopa amalipira mphamvu kwambiri pazogulitsa zawo. Malinga ndi chizindikiro ichi, zida zonse zamagetsi zimagawidwa m'makalasi, kuwonetsedwa ndi zilembo za zilembo za Chilatini, kuyambira a kupita ku G. A RCLuses a mavidiyo ambiri masiku ano. Mapampu osakwatiwa kapena atatu othamanga ali ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu pa kalasi. Pankhaniyi, mphamvu ya zida ili yotsika mtengo: ali ofanana ndi kumwa kwamphamvu ndi nyali za incandescent pa 75 kapena 100w. Makalasi a kalasi ndiongokhala a mapampu omwe ali ndi makompyuta a makompyuta a rotor ya molota yamagetsi yamagetsi. Kuphatikiza apo, imatha kudziwa kuchuluka kwa phokoso lopangidwa ndi mabwalo awo amagetsi.
Mapulogalamu ofalitsidwa ndi maulalo pafupipafupi ndi 50-70% yokwera mtengo kuposa yabwinobwino, motero kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo kuyenera kukhala koyenera. Mwachitsanzo, sizikumveka kugwiritsa ntchito pampu wa electron ngati palibe chotupa cha majermastatic mu dongosolo la oumba, ndipo chitsamba cha masitepe (chida) chosasinthika osati mwa kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa ozizira , ndipo chifukwa cha kusintha kwa kutentha kwamadzi mu mzere (pogwiritsa ntchito katatu kapena kanayi ndi servo).
Chida cha pampu
Mapapu ozungulira amagawidwa m'magulu awiri: ndi rotor ndi youma. Zotsatira zake kuchokera ku mutuwo, zida za gulu loyamba, Rotor imazungulira mozizira, yomwe pamenepa imathandizira mafuta opaleshoni. Zolemba zimangodzipatula ku rotor ya malaya. Ubwino wa pampu yotere ndi kuphweka kwa kapangidwe, miyeso yaying'ono ndi kunenepa, phokoso lotsika, mitundu mitundu ingapo yopangidwa. A Kednostat amaphatikizira kuthekera kokongoletsa rotor chifukwa cha kudzikundikira kwa mawonekedwe ake pamwamba pake, komanso mitundu yaying'ono ya kutentha kozungulira pomwe chipangizocho chitha kugwira ntchito bwino. Kuphatikiza nyumba zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka mapampu okhala ndi rotor.Mapapu okhala ndi rotor wowuma amasiyanitsidwa ndi kuti Rotor wa Motor yamagetsi imalumikizidwa ndi pompopompo shaft ndipo samalumikizana ndi ozizira. Ubwino wa kapangidwe kameneka kamagona pogwiritsa ntchito matope amagetsi ochulukirapo ndipo, chifukwa chake, pakubala kwakukulu kwa zida. Iyenera kudziwitsa mitundu yozungulira yonse, chifukwa injini siyimayimitsidwa kuchokera kozizira. Zoyipa za mapampu oterewa ndi zochititsa chidwi komanso zapamwamba kuposa zomwe zidalipo ndi zotchinga zonyowa, phokoso.
Miyezo yosiyanasiyana yogwira ntchito ndi mapipi ena ozungulira - 2-1100c. Zisonyezo zoterezi zimagwirizana ndi, mwachitsanzo, mtundu wa UPS25-60 (Grandfos, Denmark; mtengo - Italy (DAIL). Zipangizo zopangidwa mwapadera ndizotheka kugwira ntchito kutentha kozizira kuchokera -25 mpaka + 140c. Kuthekera kwa chochita pampu ndi ozizira kukhala ndi kutentha koyipa ndikofunikira kwa iwo omwe amathandiza kwa iwo nthawi yayitali nthawi yayitali. dongosolo). Kuyambitsa chida chotere pamtunda mnyumba - 10-15s chidzachitika popanda mavuto, pomwe pampu yokhala ndi kutentha amatha kuwonongeka. Masautso a mapampu otenthetsa amapangidwa chitsulo, komanso a GV-okha kapena zitsulo zosapanga. Chosangalatsa nthawi zambiri chimachitika pulasitiki zosagwirizana ndi kutentha.
Mabungwe ena achinyengo amaikidwa mu DHW System mapampu omwe amaponda nyumba ya chitsulo, yomwe imalola kasitomala kuti asunge zochepa. Ndalama zomwe zimasunga ndalama zotere zimawonjezera zomwe zili ndi DHW System ndi kuthekera kwa kupanikizana pa rotor chifukwa cha madongosolo, mpaka kunja kwa mota.
Kuti muchepetse kukwera ndi zotulukapo zotulukapo za pampuyi zimayikidwa pamzere umodzi (wotchedwa-mzere wotchulidwa).
Kuteteza injini pomwe rotor ndi mabatani, mitundu ina yampikisano imaperekedwa ndi masitepe ogulitsa magetsi osokoneza bongo. Pali mapampu omwe saopa ku Huming - ndi otchedwa rotor. Penyani Mitundu ya Magnetic imafalikira kuchokera ku stoctor kupita ku rotor mu rotor mumiyala yam'madzi, kudzera mu gawo la pampu. Maloto ovomerezeka ochokera ku rotor yamiyala yamiyala yamagetsi yamagetsi alibe. Kamera yomwe ili ndi rotor imalekanitsidwa ndi siyori ndi kapu yophikira ya chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri. Zotsatira zake, mtundu wamtunduwu umakhala kuti sunatengeke ndi zovuta za zosafunikira komanso ma dipo la laimu omwe ali m'madzi. Kuyeretsa chipangizocho ndikosavuta kusokoneza, osachotsa mlanduwo m'mapaipi. Nthawi yomweyo, mumangofunika kuthana ndi galimoto yamagetsi kuchokera m'thupi, ndikusintha mphete yolumikizidwa. Dziwani kuti mapampu okhala ndi rotor ozungulira amapangidwa chifukwa cha gulu la gvs.
Milandu yonyansa kuti iwonjezere kudalirika kwa dongosololi kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mapampu apawiri. Pali chovuta chimodzi, chomwe chimayenda molakwika, ndiye kuti galimoto ina yamagetsi. Omalizira ali mnyumba yayikulu. Kulephera kwa imodzi mwa iwo kumangotembenuza yachiwiri. Kuphatikiza apo, pa zochitika yunifolomu, injinizo zimalowa m'malo mwa wina ndi mnzake. Pali banja lotereli limatsika mtengo kuposa zida ziwiri wamba. Mwachitsanzo, mtundu wa Revity32-80 f (Grandfos) amaperekedwa pamtengo wa 644.
Makhalidwe ofananiza ozungulira mapampu otenthetsera (volid- 230V)
| Kupanga | Dzina Lachitsanzo | Mutu, M. | Dyetsani, m3 / h | Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, w | Ika mtengo |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Grundfos. | UPS 25-60 | 6. | 3.8. | 90. | 130. |
| Alpha 25-60 | 6. | 3.8. | 90. | 170. | |
| Upe 25-60 | 6. | 3,3. | 100 | 242. | |
| Wilo. | Nyenyezi rs 25/6. | 6. | 3.5 | 99. | 122. |
| Pamwamba-E 25 / 1-7 | 7. | 6,4. | 200. | 521. | |
| Dabu | Va 25/180 | 2.5 | 3. | 55. | 76. |
| Vea 55/180 | 5,2 | 3. | 91. | 82. | |
| Mapampu a Nocchi. | R2s 25-70 | 7. | 4.8. | 140. | 129. |
| KSB. | Rio 25-7 | 7. | 7,2 | 185. | 235. |
| Vortex. | Hz 401-25 | zinai | 3,2 | 78. | 75. |
| Chingwe | Wp 425. | zinai | 2,3. | 78. | 62. |
Mikhalidwe yofananizira mapampu yamadzi otentha (Vorus - 230V)
| Kupanga | Dzina Lachitsanzo | Mutu, M. | Dyetsani, m3 / h | Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, w | Ika mtengo |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Grundfos. | Up15-14b. | 1,4. | 0.73 | 25. | 113. |
| Up 20-30 n. | 3. | 2.7 | 95. | 214. | |
| UPS 25-60 B. | 6. | 3.7. | 90. | 283. | |
| Wilo. | Wilso Star-Z 15 c | 1.24. | 0.46 | 28. | 177. |
| WILO Star-Z 20/1 | 1,7 | 1,1 | 38. | 147. | |
| Dabu | Vs 16/150 | 1,58. | 1,8. | 48. | 135. |
| Mapampu a Nocchi. | R2x 20-30 | 3. | 2,4. | 87. | 184. |
| Vortex. | Bw 401. | zinai | 3,2 | 78. | 220. |
Mawonekedwe ogwiritsa ntchito mapampu mu gvs systems
Nthawi zambiri, kufalikira kwamadzi kotentha sikutanthauza magwiridwe antchito ambiri. Koma malo ogwiritsira ntchito chitsanzo choterechi amasiyana kwenikweni ndi mikhalidwe ya mipute. Oxygen yokhala ndi madzi apampopi salola kuti chipangizocho chizigwiritsidwa ntchito pamenepa ndi mlandu wachitsulo.Madzi ophatikizidwa bwino (okhala ndi mchere wambiri wa mchere) umatsogolera kupanga ma denti osungira mafowondo. Kwambiri kukuchitika pamadzi otentha opitilira 55-60s. Pofuna kuteteza zida zotere, opanga ambiri amapereka zida zawo ndi ma afidzi omwe amazimitsa pampu pomwe kutentha kumachitika ndi kutentha kwa "kutentha". Kuti muchepetse kugwira ntchito ndikuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, ndikofunikira kuphatikiza ndikuyimitsa pampu ya DHW malinga ndi pulogalamu inayake.
Ngati pampu ikanikizana ndi gulu lamakono la boiler, vutoli limathetsedwa pa pulogalamu ya pulogalamuyo. Ngati gulu loyang'anira kapena gulu limayikidwa pa boiler lomwe siligwirizana ndi gawo la DHW dongosolo, mutha kugula pampu yokhala ndi nthawi yomangidwa, mwachitsanzo, Model BWz152 (Vortex, Germany) ofunika 120.
Kuti mugwire ntchito yowotcha dongosolo la kutentha ndi kutentha mu boaler, Grundfos amapanga pompop yophatikizidwa. Imakhala ndi mapampu awiri. M'modzi mwa iwo adapangidwa kuti azizungulira ozizira mu dongosolo la kutentha, ndipo winayo ndiye pampu yopumira yosalala. Chodzichotsera chimaphatikizaponso kusinthanitsa. Mtengo wa mtundu uli 228.
Opanga ndi mitengo
Msika waku Russia ukuimiridwa ndi mapampu monga Grundfos (Denmark), Vortex, Wilo (Germany), DEZANTY) Idr) Idr. Mtengo wozungulira mapampu ndi wotsika: 70-80 kuti mupange chida chimodzi chokhala ndi liwiro limodzi la velocity, ndi mphamvu ya 2-3m3 / h ndi kukakamiza 4-5m. Mapapu okhala ndi ulamuliro wa mphamvu yomweyo amawononga ogula mu 120-150. Mtengo wa zida zamphamvu kwambiri zogwiritsidwa ntchito mu matimu a 700-800m2 amatha kufikira 500-700 kapena kupitilira. Koma moyo wautumiki wa pampu uli ndi zaka zosachepera khumi ndikupitiliza kugwira ntchito, kotero ndalama zoterezi zimatha kuonedwa ngati zopanda pake. Mitengo yamapulogalamu yamagazi a GVS imayamba kuyambira 80-90.
Pompop
Pampu yaikidwa pa chitoliro cha chakudya, kudula chitoliro. Pa zolumikizana, mankhwala ophwanya mwachangu ndi mtedza wa Cape ("American" kapena padera lapadera kuti zitheke. Mavesi otsekemera a zida pampop wokwera pampu amapereka mafuta (Germany), Giacomni, Bugatti (Italy) ndi ena opanga ena. Mtengo wa crane imodzi yokhala ndi mainchesi 1 a 1 inum- 7-10. Mukakhazikitsa, ndikofunikira kuti axis yosinthira injini ili mu ndege yopingasa. Ngati pali thanki yowonjezera mu dongosolo lotentha, pampuyo imayikidwa pambuyo pa kulumikizana kwake ndi kayendedwe ka ozizira. Zida zoterezi zimakupatsani mwayi wochotsa mpweya.Pamapeto pa kukhazikitsa dongosolo lonse, kumatulutsa kudzaza kwake. Simuyenera kuiwala kuti mutayambitsa pampu ndi rotor yonyowa, ndikofunikira kuchotsa mpweya kuchokera kamera yake. Kuti muchite izi, khazikitsani ndalama zambiri zamagetsi ndikusanthula chipewa chotchinga. Madzi okhala ndi thovu la mpweya limayamba kusiya dzenje. Zikatuluka, chipewa chimapindika kachiwiri. Mwa njira, kukhalapo kwa mpweya mu pampu kungayambitse phokoso.
Kupewa kwa katoni
Nthawi zina mapampu amakhala osagwira ntchito. Popewa kuletsa mpanda wa shaft, ayenera kuphatikizidwa nthawi ndi nthawi. Ngati pali gulu lamakono lowongolera, monga Logo-Mamita 4211 (Bukurus, Germany; 1500), kufunikira kwa njira zodzitchinjiri kumazimiririka. Koma ngati zotola sizingapeweke, simuyenera kutaya mtima. Increck Cap otetezedwa kumapeto kwa shaft, ikani screwdriver kuthyoka pa slot pa slot pa shaft ndikuyang'ana rotor kangapo.
Zikomo kwambiri chifukwa chothandizidwa kukonzekeretsa za Rusmati, stk-gulu ndi ofesi yoyimilira a Grundfos.