Ndemanga zamalamulo omwewo. Zomwe zili m'mbiri ya ngongole, mfundo za ntchito zosinthana ndi zomwe zasinthana ndi zidziwitso, zowongolera.
Zachidziwikire kuti ambiri a inu simunatenge ngongole, ndipo njira yotereyi iyenera kutero. Chitsanzo chakumadzulo cha ngongole chaka chilichonse chimakhala chozika mizu m'dziko lathu, ndikutulutsa mawu oyipa. Apoto momwe akukulirakulira, tsoka, ndi kuchuluka kwa ngongole zosakwanira, ndipo ndi izi muyenera kuchita.
East New September 1, 2005 Zopereka zonse za malamulo. 218-FZ zinayamba kugwira ntchito pa Disembala 30, 2004. "Nkhani zopenta", №110-фз, anthu 21.07.2005. "Kukula kwa Zosintha ku Malamulo a Federal" Nkhani Zopaka ", Komanso: 37-фз Malamulo a Zosintha Zamalamulo Pakukhudzana ndi Malamulo a Federal" . 17-FZ idachitika pa Marichi 21, 2005. Kusintha kwa Article 4 of Law No. 219-FZ. Dongosolo latsopanoli layamba kale kugwira ntchito: Kalata yayikulu ya mbiri ya ngongole (PANOFERS STATE), Ngongole Sykki), obwereketsa onse amakakamizidwa kupereka chidziwitso kwa anthu awo ovomerezeka kwa imodzi mwa bureaus iyi. Tiyeni tiyesetse kudziwa pulogalamu yovutayi.
Chifukwa chake, zolinga za lamulo. 218 Kodi "ndi" chilengedwe cha malo opanga, kukonzanso ndi kuwulula kwa mbiri yakale yazachidziwitso, komwe kumadziwika ndi nthawi yomwe akubwereketsa ngongole ya ngongole ( Ngongole), kuwonjezera chitetezo kwa obwereketsa ndi obwereketsa chifukwa cha kuchepetsa kwa ngongole, kumawonjezera mphamvu ya ngongole. " Izi zalembedwa m'nkhani 1 ya Lamulo. Ndikofunikira kuti zochita zake zichitike pa aliyense komanso mabungwe alamulo. Tidzayang'ana nzika za obwereketsa ndi amtsogolo.
Osakondweretsa
Kufunikira kwa ogula komwe kumachitika m'dziko lathu kukukula mwachangu. Anthu ambiri amasankha katunduyo mogwirizana ndi kuthekera kwawo ndi zosowa zawo: nzika zomwe zili ndi ndalama zambiri - nyumba zapamwamba, makompyuta, makompyuta amapatsidwa malo ogulitsira ndi malo ogulitsira . Kuti mupeze ngongole kuti mugule foni yam'manja kapena, mwachitsanzo, kuyera kopanda pake nthawi zina kumangoganiza za pasipoti. Tikufuna makhadi awiri odziwika (mwachitsanzo, mapasipoti amkati ndi akunja). Achetoba amatenga ngongole yobwereketsa kugula nyumba kapena galimoto, chikalata chopeza chidzafunikire.Inde, ngongole zonse m'dziko lathu zimaperekedwa mokondwa. Nthawi yomweyo, banki yambiri ili ndi chidaliro mu solvency ya wobwereketsa, kutsikira kwa chiwongola dzanja chimakhala kunja. Mwachitsanzo, ngongole ngongole zoperekedwa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi ndalama zochulukirapo ndipo zimatsimikizira njira yodziwiratu ku bankiyo, kuchuluka kwa 14-15% pachaka kumadziwika bwino. Kwa ngongole zina za ogula, palibe amene amapereka ndalama zosakwana 18%. Aesl amabwera ku sitolo yopanda ndalama ndipo ndi pasipoti imodzi, ndizotheka kukhala mu "bole": Mwalamulo mpaka 30% pachaka cha ma commission ndi ndalama, Mulingo wofananawo nthawi zina umafika 40% ndi zina zambiri.
Poyamba, zimabweretsa malingaliro opweteka. Koma m'misika yosasankhidwa, mabanki amakakamizidwa kuti agone ngongole zomwe sizikubwezera ngongole pazomwe zili pachiwopsezo cha ngongole. Kuvomerezedwa ndi ngongole zopitilira muyeso kumakhala koyenera tsiku lililonse. Makina ku Banks kuti athane ndi zovuta, ngakhale ambiri aiwo pali zida zapadera zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi ngongole. Kuyesera kugwirizanitsa Zambiri zachitika kale: Amanena kale kuti lamuloli lisanakhale "Nkhani Zapamwamba" zidalipo ndipo zikulepheretsana ndi mbiri yabwino yolimbana ndi ngongole. Tsopano chilichonse chikuyenera kusintha kukhala bwinoko, ndipo munthu aliyense adzakondwera kupanga mbiri yake yabwino. Iye yekha ali yekha adzatsimikiziridwa ngati solvency yake (akabwera kubanki). Avile chifukwa chomvera ngongole zonse, tikukhulupirira kuti tisagwetsa pang'onopang'ono m'maiko otukuka (pafupifupi 4-6% pachaka), ndipo msika wobwereketsa udzakhala wotukuka kwambiri.
Mtanthauzira mawu
Mbiri Yakale - Chidziwitso chomwe chimapezeka kukwaniritsidwa kwa obwereketsa maudindo azomwe amagwiritsa ntchito ngongole zobwereketsa (ngongole) ndikusungidwa mu Bureau ya mbiri ya ngongole. Mbiri iliyonse ya ngongole imakhala ndi magawo atatu: mutu, wamkulu komanso wowonjezera (wotseka).
Mgwirizano Wobwereketsa (Ngongole) - Pangano lomwe lili ndi vuto la zotsatsa komanso (kapena) ngongole (banki).
Ripoti la Ngongole - Chikalata chomwe chimalowa mu chidziwitso chophatikizidwa ndi mutuwo komanso gawo lalikulu la mbiri yakale. Bureau imawapatsa ndalama zopempha za mbiri yakale ya Wogwiritsa ntchito ndi anthu ena oyenera kudziwa izi.
Kupanga kwa mbiri yakale ya mbiri yakale - Bungwe lomwe ndi lobwereketsa (wokongoletsa) pansi pa mgwirizano wobwereketsa (ngongole) ndi zidziwitso zomwe zikuphatikizidwa mu mbiri ya Ngongole ku Bureau.
Mutu wa mbiri yakale - Munthu wakuthupi kapena walamulo yemwe ali wobwereketsa pansi pa mgwirizano wobwereketsa (ngongole) komanso mwaulemu momwe mbiri ya ngongole imapangidwira.
Bureau of ngongole - Bungwe lalamulo, lomwe ndi bungwe lamalonda ndikuwapatsa ntchito zopanga, kukonza ndi kusungirako mbiri ya ngongole, komanso kupereka malipoti okhudzana ndi ntchito zokhudzana ndi ntchito zokhudzana ndi ntchito zokhudzana ndi ntchito zokhudzana.
Mbiri Yogwiritsa Ntchito - Gulu laukadaulo kapena bungwe lalamulo (nthawi zambiri kubanki, bungwe la ngongole), yemwe adalandira zolembedwa kapena mwanjira ina, kuvomerezedwa ndi mbiri ya ngongole yobwereketsa ngongole yobwereketsa (ngongole).
Central Catalog of Ngongole (TSKKI) - Gawo la Bank of Central Bank of the Russian Federation, nkhokwe yotsogola yomwe idapangidwa kuti ifufuze Bureau pomwe mbiri yakale ya nzika ndi anthu ambiri zili.
State Register of Bureau ya Nkhani Za Ngongole - Lotseguka komanso lotseguka pagulu (tsamba), lomwe lili ndi chidziwitso chokhudza ngongole za ngongole zomwe zalembedwa mu registry iyi ndi thupi lovomerezeka.
Mbiri Yabwino Mbiri - kuphatikiza kwa zilembo za digito ndi zilembo zotsimikizika ndi mbiri yakale (yobwereketsa) yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi (kapena) ndi chilolezo cha mbiri yakale potumiza pempho la Korea mu Bureau mu Bureau momwe ( zomwe) zopangidwa (zopangidwa) mbiri ya ngongole (mbiri yakale) mutuwu, kuti mutsimikizire mgwirizano womwe ukupereka chidziwitso ichi.
Mfundo
Mofananamo, mabanki tsopano ayang'ana momwe mumawerengera ngongole zam'mbuyomu: kuyankhula ngati ogwiritsa ntchito mbiri yakale pa mbiri yakale, amatha kufunsa za inu ku Bureau komweko kugwira ntchito, ndipo popanda komiti yapakati. Zomalizazo ziyankha, momwe za Bureau pali chidziwitso chotere (ndi nkhani 13). Kusinthana kwa chidziwitso kumachitika mwachangu kwambiri, chifukwa mabungwe onse omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakompyuta iyi ndikutumiza mayankho opempha m'njira zamagetsi.
Mbiri yakale
Ndi chidziwitso chiti chomwe chikalatachi chomwe chidasungidwa ku Zisindikizo Zisanu ndi ziwiri ku Bureau? Chosiyanasiyana, kuloza, kudziwitsa umunthu wake, ndipo chachiwiri, kuti asiye gawo lakelo ngati wobwereketsa. Mbiri iliyonse ya munthu wa ngongole kapena walamulo malinga ndi Article 4 ya Lamulo ili ndi magawo atatu: Timalala, choyambirira komanso chosankha (chatsekedwa). Oyamba akuphatikiza (kwa nzika): dzina lathunthu, tsiku ndi malo obadwira, nambala ya akaunti ya pasictive ya Penshoni (ngati manambala awiri omaliza awonetsedwa) .
Chizindikiro cha mbiri yakale ya munthu chimakhala ndi zomwe sanatchule zomwe sizinalowe nawo gawo, adilesi (chisonyezo (kuwonetsa kwa malo olembetsa) ndi chidziwitso cha boma monga wolowera payekha (ngati ali). Ndipo chidziwitso chomwecho pazomwe zimabwera chifukwa cha mbiri iliyonse ya mbiri yakale (!), Ndiye kuti, ngongole iliyonse yomwe idapezeka:
Za kuchuluka kwa maudindo pa deti la matembenuzidwe omaliza ngongole (ngongole), ndiye kuti, za ngongole yoyamba kubanki;
Nthawi yakuwonongedwa kwa ngongole ili yonse;
nthawi yambiri;
Zosintha ndi (kapena) zowonjezera ku mgwirizano wa ngongole (ngongole), kuphatikiza pazokwaniritsa;
tsiku ndi kuchuluka kwa kukwaniritsidwa kwenikweni kwa maudindo oyenera kapena osakwanira;
Kubweza ngongole (ngongole) chifukwa cha makonzedwe, ngati wobwereka sanakwaniritse udindo wake pansi pa mgwirizano (mwachitsanzo, pankhani ya ngongole yanyumba, kugulitsa nyumbayo idasindikizidwa);
Zowona zoganizira za mikangano pamilandu yobwereketsa (ngongole) ndi zomwe zalowa m'magulu oweruza, omwe adalowa nawo gawo la mbiri yowonjezera (yotsekedwa) yakale .
Gawo lalikulu lingaphatikizeponso chidziwitso china cholandiridwa ndi mabungwe aboma. Kufunsa (Kutsekedwa) Mbiri ya Ngongole ili ndi chidziwitso chokhudza mapangidwe ndi mabanki onse ndi mabungwe ena omwe adapereka ngongole ndi (kapena) zofunsidwa ngongole kwa Bureau. Izi ndi izi: dzina lawo, nambala yolumikizidwa yolumikizidwa ndi malamulo, ogona, nambala ya gulu lalikulu la mabizinesi ndi mabungwe (Okpo) ndi masiku omwe amakumana.
Mbiri Yosinthana yomwe ili mu mbiri ya Ngongole
2.Bank amafunsa mutuwo kuti apereke chilolezo cholembedwa kuti alandire mbiri ya ngongole ku Bured Bureau.
3.Subete amapereka chilolezo chotere.
4.Bank (monga wogwiritsa ntchito mbiri yakale) ikufunsa lipoti la ngongole pamutu wa ngongole ya ngongole ya ngongole, yomwe ali ndi mgwirizano woperekera chithandizo. Kutsimikizira mtundu, Bureau kumapereka lipoti lotere kapena kuyankha kuti mbiri yakale ya mutuwu pa database yake ikusowa.
5. Bank imatembenuka ku TSKKI ndi pempho, lomwe Bureau lili ndi mbiri yabwino ya nkhaniyi. Tskki ndi wodalirika, ndipo bank imapempha ku Bureau.
6.Kubuka ngongole kwa wobwereketsa ndikumufunsa kuti avomereze zambiri za iye komanso ngongole yomwe adalandira iwo ku Bureau.
7.Bank imapereka chidziwitso ichi kwa mmodzi wa bureaus ya nkhani za ngongole.
8. Kusamutsa onse a Bureau kumbali ya mbiri ya mbiri yamitu mu Komiti yayikulu.
9. Ngati mbiri ya ngongole ya mutu wa Bureaau ya Bureau sikuti, iyenera kutumiza kukana kwa nkhaniyi.
10. Mmutu Uyenera Kufunsira Kufunsidwa Zokhudza Zomwe Bureau ndi mbiri yake ya ngongole, mu ma CCQ. ATA gululi likukakamizidwa kuti amuyankhe.
Kupereka Zambiri
Nkhani ya mbiri ya mbiri yakale ndi yovuta kapena yamtsogolo- imapempha chidziwitso chonse mu bureau za iyemwini ndikupeza kamodzi pachaka kwaulere komanso ndalama (Artery 8). Ali ndi vuto lotsutsa zomwe zalembedwa m'mbiri yake ya ngongole, yomwe ndikofunikira kutumiza mawu osintha ndi (kapena) kuwonjezera pa Bureau. Kuchulukitsidwa 30days kuchokera tsiku lolandila, Bureau ikukakamizidwa kuyankha: Kuchita zowonjezera pakuwapempha popanga mbiri ya mbiri yakale. Ngati chidziwitso chomwe chaperekedwa ndi mutuwo chimatsimikiziridwa, bureau chimasintha zomwe mbiri ya Ngongole Ilibe Mbiri Yakale Ngati Palibe Kukana Kukana Kufunsira Wofunsira.Zachidziwikire, simungadziwe kuti Bureau ndi "mlandu wanu". Ndikofunikira kulumikizana ndi tskki (kwaulere), komwe chidziwitso chimachokera ku Bureauus konse. Koma gawo chabe la mbiri ya Ngongole - ndipo palibe china. Chifukwa chake, boma lomwe likuimiridwa ndi gawo la banki yapakatikati, siliri kanthu kena kalikonse pa chikhulupiriro chabwino kapena mosasamala kanthu za wobwereketsa. Tskki akudziwa zomwe Breau amasungidwa mbiri yanu ya ngongole. Pankhaniyi, mutha kulandiridwa kokha, chifukwa kutayikira kwake sikungakhale kosatheka ...
Vkkki amathanso kulumikizana ndi bungwe lililonse la ngongole (mbiri yakale ya mbiri yakale), chidwi chofuna kudziwa zomwe BAreau ndiye mbiri yakale ya ngongole. Idzalandira izi kwaulere (Article 13).
Bureau wa nkhani za ngongole zimapangidwa kuti zithandizire pamwambo (ndiye kuti, kuti mupeze ndalama) zoti apereke malipoti. Ili ndi chikalata chomwe chimalandiridwa ndi makampani achidwi ndi nzika zomwe zapita ku Bureau. Ili ndi magawo awiri a mbiri yakale komanso yayikulu. Gawo lowonjezera (lotsekedwa) limangoperekedwa pamutu wakuti "Gulu" la mbiri yakale; Kuphatikiza apo, Khothi (Woweruza) pansi pa mlanduwo, yomwe ikupanga, komanso oyang'anira zoyambirira pamaso pa kuvomerezedwa ndi wozenga milandu.
Malinga ndi bungwe 9 la malamulo a Bureau, ntchito zina zokhudzana ndi zomwe akuyerekeza (kugwirizanitsa) njira zowerengera zokhazokha ndi (kapena) pogwiritsa ntchito nkhani zomwe zili ndi ngongole) zimapezekanso.
Malingaliro Oyang'anira
Kodi Lamulo Lili Ndi Malamulo "Pa Nkhani Za Ngongole Lili Motani? Zoyenera kudikirira kuti abwerere amtsogolo?
Igor zhigonv, Membala wa bolodi, mutu wa dipatimenti ya malonda anyumba yamizinda: "Malinga ndi zopereka za Lamulo, kuyambira pa 1 Iyun 2005. Pafupifupi, alipo angapo a iwo:" Bureau za nkhani za ngongole zomwe zikuwunika zigawenga "ndi" National Bureau of Ngongole Yabwino Osayang'anira. Kodi amafunikira ndalama zingati, zomwe zimayesedwa zingaoneke. Komabe, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa kuti mtundu wake uyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mokwanira. Ana amatenga Osachepera zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu. Zotsatira zake, lamuloli liyenera kuthandizira kuchepetsa zoopsa za kuba kubanki mukamaganizira za ngongole ndi zomwe zingachitike. "
Alexander khosthenko, Membala wa bolodi, mutu wa dipatimenti yogwira ntchito ndi anthu akuthupi "Raiffeenban": "Bureauiisenbank": "Burani Kuti mupeze ngongole idzakhala kosavuta kwambiri: zidathandizira kuti atengedwe azomwe amafunsira ku bankiyo, komanso kuchuluka kwa zolembedwa zomwe zingatumizidwe. Koma m'nthawi yochepa, chozizwitsa sichingachitike: Nthawi yake ndikofunikira kuti nzika ziyenera kudzidzetsa mbiri yanyumba. Chifukwa chake, mawonekedwe a Bureau adzayamba kukhala ndi moyo wosalira zambiri mtsogolomo, kotero kuti chidziwitsocho chimakhala chodziwikiratu za Ntchito ya Bureau Bureau ikhoza kukhala yosasangalatsa kwa makasitomala, kamodzi "kuyiwala" zokhudzana ndi zomwe akupeza, komanso omwe amayambitsa ma Cubsptions osiyanasiyana, adalandira ngongole zokwanira nthawi zonse Muyeso wanzeru. Nthawi zambiri, nzika zotere sizingawerengere osati ku banki yokha, komanso kuntchito zina, monga mgwirizano wa ngongole kapena ndalama za inshuwaransi m'magawo. Seputembala 2005 Bank yathu imapereka chidziwitso pa omwe amabwereketsa ku Bureaus yotsatirayi yomwe yaphatikizidwa ku State Register ya Ngongole: "Bureau of Ngongole Nkhani Zapakatikati"
Oleg Dmitrienko, Wapampando Wam'munda wa "Thonje la Yuda": "Tsopano Bureau wa Nkhani za Ngongole zili pa gawo loyambirira la chilengedwe ndipo lidzayamba kugwira ntchito, m'masiku awiri, pomwe obwereketsa adzakwaniritsidwa. Kuchulukitsa kwa Bureau Databases komanso, kugwiritsa ntchito bwino ntchito zawo kumadalira momwe mabanki amabwezera amatenga nawo mbali. Mtunda wa Boron Database amatenga ndalama kuti athe kusanthula Bureau adzakhala ndi maziko akulu. Koma mafunso a Lamulo "Pali nkhani zina zilizonse. Mwachitsanzo, pankhani za ngongole. Mwachitsanzo, pankhani za mbiriyo. Mwachitsanzo, nkhani za zokhudzana ndi lamuloli, zidziwitso za wobwereketsa zimangoperekedwa kwa . Zili choncho kuti zidziwitso zobwereketsa, zambiri zobwereketsa mu database mu database sizingachite konse. Kuphatikiza apo, mwa lingaliro langa, zingakhale zoyenera kupanga mbiri ya Federal Chuma cha mbiri ya ngongole. "
Chitetezo ndi Kuwongolera
Choyamba, mu zaluso. 7 (Gawo 5) Fotokozani bwino kuti chidziwitso chokwanira ndi chilamulocho sichikuphwanya lamulo, bank, makhoma kapena malonda. Kachiwiri, malinga ndi gawo lachiwiri la nkhaniyo, bureau ya nkhani za ngongole zikutsimikizira kuteteza chidziwitso cha chitsimikizo chimatanthawuza pokonza, kusungira komanso kufalitsa ndi kufala. Bureau iliyonse iyenera kukhala ndi layisensi yaukadaulo yachinsinsi (onani.17 ya Federal Law No. 128-fz wa 08.08.2001. " Chilolezo choterocho chimapereka ntchito yaukadaulo ya feduro komanso kutumiza kunja (Fsstec). Chachitatu, Bureau ndi akuluakulu awo ali ndi udindo wowululidwa mosavomerezeka ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zambiri zovomerezeka. Lamulo №219-FZ DINA DECEMBER 30, 2004. Zosintha mumitundu ya olamulira: Zosavomerezeka kuti mulandire kapena (kapena) kusokoneza chidziwitso cha mbiri yakale ngati alibe milandu, yokhudzana ndi nzika za 10 mpaka 25 Malipiro ochepa), kwa akuluakulu, kuyambira 25 mpaka 50 amayi kapena akusiyidwa zaka zitatu, pa mabungwe ovomerezeka - kuyambira 300 mpaka 500 mphindi. Kuti mumve zolakwa zazikulu, nambala yaupandu yaupandu imaperekedwa.
Kuwongolera kuphedwa kwa malamulo "pa nkhani za ngongole" kumapangidwira thupi lovomerezeka. Kubwezeretsani ndi kusinthana kwa boma la Arf No. 501 la 10.08.2005. "Thupi la Akuluakulu la Offfictive lovomerezeka kuti ligwire ntchito ndikuyang'anira zochitika za Bureau Nkhani Za Ngongole" ndi ntchito ya Federal kuti ikhale ndi ndalama. Imatsogolera State Register ya Bureau, imakhazikitsa zofunikira zachuma za ophunzira a Bureau, amachititsa kuwongolera ndi zowunikira, zimalumikizana ndi scckipr.
Kulandila Lamulo "Pankhani za Ngongole", Boma likuyesera kuthetsa njira yoperekera ndi kubweza ngongole, kulimbikitsa aliyense kuti apange mbiri yake yabwino ngongole. Ngati patapita kanthawi, kusinthana kwa chidziwitso kwa obwereketsa kumayambabe kugwira ntchito mokwanira, kumathandizira kuti msika ukhale wotukuka ndikusinthana ngongole. Koma, mwatsoka, palibe aliyense wa akatswiri omwe adawonetsa kuthekera kochepetsa chiwongola dzanja pa ngongole zamtsogolo, ngakhale zingaoneke, ayenera kugwa pomwe mabanki akamachepa. Mwambiri, kachitidweko kunangoyamba kugwira ntchito, kotero kuti tidzakhala ndi moyo, onani ...
Otsatsa zikomo "Raiffeaisenban", "Bank Bank Bank Bank" ndi "ku Banki" kuti athandizidwe pokonza zinthu.