Mwala pa mwala, njerwa pa njerwa

Kuyika kwa nkhope kumachitika nthawi zambiri kuchokera ku njerwa zadongo ndi bokosi la goam pogwiritsa ntchito makina ovala limodzi. Nthawi zambiri, nkhope yolimba ya zomangamanga imamangidwa ndi malo ophera nyumba yophera, ndikuyika mizere yazipatso iliyonse pa supuni ya njerwa

Zosankha za khoma lolimba

ndi mapangidwe a ngodya ndi malo

Ma Faces akuyang'anizana ndi njerwa imodzi ndi utoto, kapena mipweya yambiri - malinga ndi zojambula zokonzedweratu

Makoma a Masoni m'malo mwa mipanda yawo amachita ndendende

Pazolinga zolondola za mizere yopingasa ya njerwa m'mphepete mwa khomalo zimatambasulidwa ndi chingwe - chingwe chokhala ndi mainchesi a 2-3m, chomwe chimatsogolera.

Maziko a mundawo wokhala ndi njira yothetsera vutoli imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati makhoma amakhazikika ndikudzaza misozi yokhazikika komanso yopingasa ndi kuwonjezera kwawo. Njerwa imazengereza yankho poyendetsa pa iyo ndi mfundo ya kelma. Zosakaniza zosakaniza mason amadula khungu limodzi

Ndi chovala chimodzi chokha cha seaams chimangoyika njerwa zakunja m'miyala, kenako - miyala yamkati ndi kuthamangitsa. Ndi njira yoyimitsidwa, njerwa zamiyendo, njerwa zimayikidwa ndi sitepe kapena njira yosakanikirana

Kuchulukitsa mu mawonekedwe a mafilimu kumachitika mwachangu pomwe njirayo imapezera mawonekedwe okwanira kuti apange

Pofuna malo otsekemera, palibe chinyezi mumvula ndi chipale chofewa, kumapeto kwa tsiku lililonse kumasungunuka ndi yankho, kapena kuphimba khoma mofulumira filimuyo kapena kamvekedwe

Kusamutsidwa Kwambiri Kwambiri Kwambiri Masiku Ano ali ndi njerwa "chigonjetso-KGAUF" ndi "Rauf" yopangidwa muukadaulo waku Germany pafupi ndi St. Paliukadaulo wambiri chifukwa cha kugona kwawo. Simuyenera kukonza makoma otere

Opanga zachinsinsi amakhala otchuka ndi zojambulajambula ndi msoko wa mtunda, pomwe kutumphuka kumayikidwa popanda mpweya - polystyrene chithovu kapena mbale za mabasi. Malinga ndi ukadaulo uwu, makoma opindika ndi njerwa, pansi pa pulasitala yakunja ndi yamkati

Kuyika makoma a njerwa komanso lero njira yogwiritsira ntchito kwambiri mwachindunji ndi zida zothandizira. Zosankha za zomangamanga zamtundu zimakupatsani mwayi wokhala ndi nyumba zankhondo za zomangamanga kapena kusungirako mahatchi, kuyika njerwa zawo, mwala wawo, mwala wokongoletsedwa. Nkhani yathu imabweretsa owerenga omwe amafala kwambiri m'nyumba zomanga nyumba ndi njira zomanga

Njerwa ndi matope

Omangamanga ndi njerwa ku gulu la mwala wojambula. Indedi, njerwa siotsika pamwala, ndipo m'njira zambiri zimaposa. Matope a njerwa ndi sikono ndi odzaza ndi zoyera. Popeza njerwa ya silika ndizochulukirapo hygroscopic, ndiye pansipa mulingo wa madzi kapena m'malo okhala ndi chinyezi chambiri chomwe sichigwiritsidwa ntchito. Njerwa wathunthu masiku ano amangogwiritsa ntchito magawo, zikwangwani, zimneys. Chowonadi ndichakuti pakutentha kwake ndikutchinga katundu, ndi wotsika kwambiri kwa zinthu zina zomanga. Mwachitsanzo, kukana kwa kusamutsa makoma a njerwa kwathunthu ndi katatu ndi theka lotsika kuposa makoma owoneka bwino. Chifukwa chake, makoma akunja amasulidwa makamaka chifukwa cha njerwa. Kutulutsa kowonjezereka kwa khoma la njerwa ndi ubweya wa michere, wogawana konkriti wa cell, chiuno

Masodzi akukumana ndi njerwa imodzi ndi mitundu, kapena mitundu yambiri - malinga ndi zomwe zidakonzedweratu za nyumba zokhalamo ndi dongo lokhazikika la 250g 125m. Makulidwe a nyumba zingapo kapena theka lake. Chifukwa chake, khoma makulidwe a 120mm amatchedwa masonry ku Polkirpich, 250m- mu njerwa .D. Ndege yayikulu kwambiri ya ndege ya njerwa imatchulidwa kuti kusamba, kumtunda kwakutali, supuni, gawo la skapu.

Makoma opangidwa ndi njerwa amaikidwa pamayendedwe omangirira a simenti, mchenga ndi madzi, powonjezera, ngati kuli kofunikira, machesi ndi zigawo zamankhwala zogwirira ntchito nthawi yozizira. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito simenti yamasukulu 500, 400 ndi 300, kuchuluka kwa simenti ndi mchenga mu yankho kuyenera kukhala 1: 3, gras 200 ndi pansi - simenti imatengedwa kupita ku matumba, mchenga ndi adayikidwa pamanja pamanja. Njira yomangayi imakonzedwa mu chosakanizira pang'ono chonkriti, koma chitha kuchitika popanda kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo. Pankhani ya ma board, chifuwa chosaya ndi pansi pa pepala lachitsulo chimatulutsidwa, komwe mchenga ndi simenti zimathiridwa mu ndalama zofunidwa ndikusakaniza fosholo mpaka osakaniza amakhala okongola mu utoto. Kenako madziwo pang'onopang'ono adatsanulira mu zosakaniza za simenti ya simenti ndikusakaniza misa kuti ipeze yankho la kusasintha komwe mukufuna. Mzere wotsatira njerwa yotsatira yaikidwa pa yankho, ndikudzazanso zopinga. Kukula kwa njira yolumikizira makoma kumachokera ku 10 mpaka 15 mm, molunjika (pakati pa tchipisi) - 8-15mm. Njira yothetsera vutoli imakonzedwa kuti ithe kufedwa mpaka osakaniza ataya mafayilo ndikuyamba.

Mapangidwe a njerwa za makoma a maso

Onani njerwa	Miyeso, mm.	Misa ya njerwa imodzi, kg
Clay Custor	25012065.	3.2-3.5
DZIKO LAPANSI LOKHA NDIPONSO ZOSAVUTA:
m'modzi	25012065.	2.2-2.8
Nsonga	25012088.	2.9-3.7
awira	250120138.	4.6-5.8
Siltur:
m'modzi	25012065.	3.3-3.7
Nsonga	25012088.	4.5-5.0

Mitundu ndi njira zomanga

Malingana ngati masona amafika kutalika kwa 1.2 m, masoka amagwira ntchito popanda zida zothandiza. Kenako chifukwa choyenda komanso kuti zitsimikizire kuti anthu ozungulira nyumbayo omwe akumanga, zigawo zake zaikidwa, kenako, nkhalango zitsulo zowonongeka. Zida zazikulu zokhala ndi njerwa ndi trowel, nyundo, kuluma, bamba, njanji, mulingo. Njerwa yochepera imadulidwa mu disk disk.

Kanema pa ndegeyo adagona pansi pa makhoma a pulasitiki akuwonetsa ulamuliro / Scrap. Kulekerera ndi 1 ma cmp yopangidwa ndi khoma la njerwa kapena zopaka nkhope, kapena lili ndi nkhope yomwe siyiyenera kumaliza. Ngati khoma likuyenera kukhala lopaka, kenako kuchokera kumbali yomwe kumapeto kwake kuyenera kukhala, kusuntha kwa kuya kwakuti kwa kuya kwa 13-15mm cementi sitadzazidwa. Amachitika kukonza zomata za pulasitala ya pulasitala ndi maziko. Maso amtunduwu amatchedwa wopanda chosowa. Mavuto amathanso kuchitidwa pokonza. Pankhaniyi, nkhani ya kuchuluka kwa yankho imatayika ndi njerwa ya paradic kutsogolo kwa khoma ndikuyenda ndi trowel (celma) kwa iye. Zolinga Zosankha, njira yothetsera msoko kumapeto kwa kapangidwe kake kamakhala yolumikizidwa yomwe imapangitsa kuti ikhale yodzigudubuza kapena yofufumitsa (mafilimu).

Zovala zojambulidwazo zimakhala ndi miyala yokhazikika kukhoma kunja komanso kuchokera mkati, ndipo pali zodulira pakati pa mikwingwirima. Mzere wa zomangawo, momwe njerwa zimapezeka mbali zazitali (supuni) khoma, imatchedwa gawo la spoonful, lothera (Tych) - Twin) - Twin. Mphamvu ya zomangamanga ndikupanga mawonekedwe ena kutsogolo kwa khomalo kumachitika povala njerwa zotsekemera komanso zozungulira ndi zozungulira za seams iliyonse mpaka kotala kapena theka-clip. Makoma akamangidwa ndi olemba kunja kwa seams, chingwe choyang'ana moyang'anizana ndi mizere isanu. Ndi kugona kwa makoma akunja, kutengera kuti kubadwa kwa seams kumatha kukhala konsekonse mu mzere uliwonse kapena mizere isanu. Mphamvu ya omangayi imachuluka kwambiri ngati imalimbikitsidwa ndi gululi yachitsulo yokhala ndi 6-12 masentimita ndi gululi ndi gululi.

Mavuto a mizere ya vest amachitika m'njira ziwiri: Ngati mungagwiritse ntchito ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Choyamba ndi chodzaza chosakwanira chofufumitsa pomwe makoma a makoma ndi cholowa, chachiwiri, chokhala ndi seams ziwiri, pogona njerwa pafupi ndi khoma. Poterepa, yankho, yothetsera nkhope ya khomalo, imakonzedwa ndi maselo. Choyimira cha oyimira chimayang'aniridwa ndi chala, chopingasa pamwamba pa mzere wa njerwa za njerwa ndi mbali zazitali za 2-2.5 m ndi mulingo. Kusadziwika kwa khoma kumawululidwa ndikugwiritsa ntchito njanji yofananira ndi yokhazikika komanso modabwitsa. Ma seams amachitika ndi chida chachitsulo (owonjezera) pambuyo pamangeti iliyonse 3-4. Woyamba kukulitsa mizere youma yosalala mwachangu, tsatirani zopingasa.

Kupanga ma seams a maso:

1.vPustovoy

2. Ndi kuwunika kwa seams:

a) odzigudubuza;

b) Flip

3. Codeffor

Wogwira mtima womanga

M'malonda amakono, kugona kwa atatu kumagawidwa, kulola kupanga makoma ocheperako popanda kusintha katundu wawo wamagetsi. Kufalikira kwa njerwa ndi kusanthula kwakukulu kwambiri kumapezeka mu mawonekedwe atatu otsekeka, pomwe gawo lamkati (lonyamula) limapangidwa ndi njerwa yothandiza, ndipo kudzithandiza) ndi njerwa yokhotakhota. Tanthauzo lofunikira la kukana kwa khoma limaperekedwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mbale zotentha ndi makulidwe ofunikira omwe amakhazikitsidwa pakati pa khoma lonyamula ndi nkhope. Ngati zomangamanga yankho la gawo limaphatikizapo kudula khoma lakunja, kenako mizere yakutsogolo imamangidwa ndi khoma lalikulu ndi mizere yamatanda kapena chikondwerero chachitsulo chilichonse. Nthawi zambiri chifukwa cha chipangizo chopanda kutentha, mbale kuchokera ku ulusi wa basalt kapena chithovu cha polystyrene chimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Khoma lokhazikika ndi makulidwe a 51cm mu mikhalidwe yake yolimba kutentha ndi yofanana ndi njerwa yolimba kuchokera ku njerwa. Mpweya wa kutentha umayikidwa molunjika pakati pa makoma amkati ndi kunja. Zigawo za masitepe atatu a njerwa atatu zimamangirira kwa wina ndi mnzake kubwezeretsedwa kuchokera ku zotayidwa kuchokera ku zolanda ndi mainchesi a 4.5-6m kapena fiber kapena fiber kapena fiber, pamlingo wa 4 m2 pa khoma. Sitepe yawo yayitali ndi yotalikira imatengera makulidwe a makulidwe. Mapeto a maulalowo amaikidwa mu gawo lakunja komanso lamkati la khoma mpaka kukula kwa 6-8cm.

Zoyenera, chipangizo cha mpweya wabwino chimafunikira pakati pa gawo lakunja la khoma ndi matenthedwe okonda. Makulidwe ake ayenera kukhala 20-30 mm. Kuti mpweya wabwino ukhale wabwino, zinthu zapamwamba ziyenera kuchitidwa m'mitambo, m'munsi, pansi. Kupanga kwa chilolezo cha mpweya ndi njira zamakono komanso zodula. Mtengo wa 1m2 wa khoma la kapangidwe kotere ukufika pamtengo wa khoma kuchokera ku njerwa zokwera mtengo, zomwe zotsatira zake zimatheka. Chifukwa chake, pamalo omanga a ku Moscow dera nthawi zambiri amachititsa yankho, khalani ndi malingaliro m'thupi la njerwa popanda mpweya. Kwa magawo atatu omanga kapena njerwa. Kuyang'anizana ndi nkhope ndi njerwa kumachitika ndi lamulo la seams. Tachotsedwa ndi makampani ena, zomangazi zimachitika kuchokera kumakoma awiri ndi makulidwe a 380 ndi 120 mm ndikugona pakati pawo masentimita 5. Mphamvu ya kapangidwe kake imayimira malumikizidwe achitsulo kapena kulimbitsa mizere yamiyala yamalogi. Tikuwonetsa khoma la II litagona pansi pa pulasitala, ndikuchotsa mizere yokhala ndi khoma lalikulu ndi mizere yamatayala. Mbali yosangalatsa yamtundu wa mayi wamtunduwu pamafunika kupanga gawo lalikulu la ntchito, komanso kulimbikitsidwa kwambiri kwa mikangano ndi madontho otsika a makhoma omanga.

Khoma lachitatu la ulusi

Ndi kulumikizana kwachitsulo

1. Mkati mwa khoma la njerwa.

2. Kunja kwa khoma la njerwa.

3. Kukula.

4. Banja lachitsulo kuchokera ku zolimbitsa thupi w 4.5-6mm kapena fiberglass pamlingo wa anayi ku khoma la 1m2.

Tsamba la njerwa zitatu pansi pa Stucco yokhala ndi ma jerk

1. Njerwa

(Kunja kwa Njerwa za TyCOS)

2. Pulati yolimba.

3. Kukula.

Zosiyanasiyana za Manick

kuchokera pamiyala yochita

a) kugona kwa njerwa wamba;

b) Makoma opepuka a njerwa wamba okhala ndi makoma owongoka

(Yotentha);

c) Makoma opepuka a njerwa okhomedwa ndi zomangira zopingasa mu mawonekedwe a Tychkaries

(mabatani-konkire);

d) Khoma la Njiwa ya ceramic contsick.

Omanga

Njira yomanga yomanga yotemberera imafuna kutentha komanso malo onyowa. Kutentha kumachepa, njirayo imachepetsa kwambiri, komanso ndi zolakwika, zimasiya. Njira yothetsera kuzizira imataya pulasitiki, misozi yopingasa siyophatikizidwa. Mukakhala pansi pa mphamvu yokoka, mpweya wolimba komanso kutayika kwa bata ndi kulimba kwa kapangidwe kake. Nthawi yofunsira yankholi ndi masiku 28, chifukwa chake, ndikuzizira koyambirira ndikuchepetsa, mphamvu zake zimachepetsedwa ndi theka kuchokera ku chowerengeredwa. Zida zamankhwala zomwe zimakulitsa kukana kwake kutentha kochepa kumawonjezeredwa ku yankho m'nyengo yozizira.

Njira yochenjera yokhala ndi mankhwala zigawo zamankhwala zimazizira pang'ono, simenti yomwe ikutsitsidwa mwachangu. Kupanga nkhokwe kumagwiritsa ntchito sodium chloride, calcium chloride, sodium itrite, potashi (kaboni Diosside). Mtundu wazowonjezera umatsimikiziridwa ndi ntchitoyi. Mankhwala ophatikizira sagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati polojekitiyi yakwera chinyezi mu malo opangira polojekiti (mu mabasi, mabafa). Zowonjezera zamankhwala ndi hygroscopic, chifukwa zomwe zimagawidwa zitha kuwoneka pamakoma. Woyendetsa ndi zowonjezera azigwiritsidwa ntchito asanakhalepo. Hummer itagona ndi kutentha kwa 5 ° C. Achisanu komanso oziziranso ndi yankho lamadzi otentha ndi loletsedwa. Onetsetsani kuti mukutsatira zofunikira ndi malangizo omwe samangokhala mtundu chabe, komanso kuchuluka kwa zowonjezera, zomwe zimachitika pogwira ntchito yotsatira.

Ngakhale polimbana ndi yankho la kuchuluka kwa chisanu, misompha yotsatira iyenera kudzazidwa kwambiri. Pachifukwa ichi, yankho limakwirira madera akulu: kwa njerwa ziwiri za spoonfute komanso zisanu ndi chimodzi pophedwa. Letsa njerwa ndikupangitsa kuti iwonjezere mwachangu. Komanso mwachangu iyenera kutsogolera zomangazi nthawi yomweyo mozungulira khomalo ndi kutalika, kuti mukhale ndi nthawi yolumikizira njira yolumikizira njerwa. Izi zimawerengedwa chifukwa cha ziwembu. Kuchita Ntchito M'nyengo yozizira, mayiyo amayenera kuyang'anitsitsa makamaka makulidwe okhazikika komanso opingasa. Manja amazizira kwa maola awiri, kukakamiza kwa njira yothetsera vutoli kumachitika pokhapokha ngati kuwononga: mu thaw kapena masika. Chifukwa chake, msoko makulidwe oposa chilengedwe chimatha kubweretsa kuwonongeka kwamphamvu komanso kuwonongeka kwa khoma.

Maulendo onse ofukula nyengo yozizira asanapumule pantchitoyi ayenera kudzazidwa mosamala ndi matope. Panthawi yopuma, ndikofunikira kuphimba wosakhazikika wa wosanjikiza kapena njerwa popanda yankho (youma). Musanayambe ntchito, pamwamba imayeretsedwa kuchokera ku chipale chofewa, chofunda, ma sing'anga. Onetsetsani kuti mukuyang'ana vetiyadi la khoma, chifukwa kupatuka kwa chizolowezi pa nthawi yomwe kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwatha ndi zotsatirapo zowopsa. Chipatala, mkati mwa chimango cha nkhani yodziwika bwino sikosatheka kuganizira mbali zonse za ukadaulo wamawu. Ndikuganiza kuti izi sizofunikira kwa owerenga. Chinthu chachikulu ndikuti eni nyumba a njerwa apanga lingaliro la momwe amalekerera. Mutha kuwerenga vutoli mwatsatanetsatane polumikizana ndi mabuku apadera.

Kugwiritsa ntchito njerwa pafupifupi khoma kukhoma

Makoma a Manery Voliyumu / Masonry makulidwe, masentimita	Kukula kwa njerwa	Kupatula matope matope, ma PC.	Kuganizira misozi yosungunuka, ma PC.
1m3 omanga	chimodzi	512.	394.
1.5	378.	302.
2.	242.	200.
1M2 Masondi mu 0,5 njerwa / 12	chimodzi	61.	51.
1.5	45.	39.
2.	makumi atatu	26.
1m2 Masondi mu 1 njerwa / 25	chimodzi	128.	102.
1.5	95.	78.
2.	60.	52.
1m2 Masona mu 1.5 njerwa / 38	chimodzi	189.	153.
1.5	140.	117.
2.	90.	78.
1M2 Masondi mu 2 njerwa / 51	chimodzi	256.	204.
1.5	190.	156.
2.	120.	104.
1m2 masondi 2.5 njerwa / 64	chimodzi	317.	255.
1.5	235.	195.
2.	150.	130.