Timakhazikitsa kuwala m'bafa: chitetezo, miyambo yopepuka, zida za ma LED ndi zida zowunikira zomwe zimaperekedwa pamsika.
Chithunzi zinur ranidovnova
Chithunzi cha Evgenia Lichina
Akatswiri alangize kuyamikirira kuti ayamikire kuwunikira kwa bafa ndi malo oyandikana nawo, sikuyenera kukhala kwamdima kwambiri kapena kuwala kwambiri
Kuwala malire kuchokera kwa oterera
Kuwala pafupi ndi kalilole kuyenera kukhala kofewa, womwazika, pafupi kwambiri ndi zachilengedwe
Chithunzi mikhail stejinova
Sabata yomwe ili pamwamba pa denga ndi makoma zimayikidwa magwero angapo, kukwaniritsa kuwunikira yunifolomu
Opanga ena amapereka mashelefu, pomwe gwero loyera limabisidwa kuseri kwagalasi.
Pokhazikitsa denga la denga ndibwino kusankha nyali zapadera ndi owonetsera
Chithunzi cha Karen Manko
Galasi yayikulu ikhoza kufotokozedwa kuchokera kumwamba, kuyika nyali pamtunda wa 2m kuchokera pansi. Pamodzi ndi magwero achilendo a Halogen Halogn, kuwala, radiation stopruum yomwe ili pafupi ndi zachilengedwe
Chithunzi chojambulidwa ndi Peter Lebedev
Kukhalapo kwa zenera kubwereza mawu kumasintha pang'ono, monga momwe kumapangidwira galasi kapena khungu. Komabe, zenera limapereka mawonekedwe, ndikosavuta m'chipinda chotere.
Chithunzi mikhail stejinova
Nyali za kapasole ndi ngodya zosinthika za kuzungulira - njira yabwino kwambiri yoyimilira
Titha kuthana ndi ntchito zomwe zikuwonetsa mothandizidwa ndi malire. Ma LED amamangidwa mwachindunji mu zinthuzo, pokhazikitsa, amalumikizidwa ndi magetsi a ma netiweki
Chithunzi George Shablovsky
Nyali ya Tubulala yokhala ndi kasual wautali ndi woyenera kuti muyatserelelo m'bafa. Yotulutsidwa ndi matani ofundawo ofunda pafupi ndi oyera kuposa a nyali za incandescent, chifukwa zomwe zimapitilira mitundu yozungulira
Chithunzi zinur ranidovnova
Mochaps ndi zosokoneza magawo awiri mwa atatu a ma radiation amagetsi amabwerera, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri kwa magulu oyimitsidwa
Chithunzi Vittaly Nefdova
Nyali za bafa nthawi zambiri zimagula nthawi yomweyo ndi zowonjezera zonse, munkhaniyi mutha kugula chopereka chopangidwa mu kiyi imodzi.
Ma sitimayi a Systems amatha kupezeka pakhoma
Nyali yolumikizidwa ndi ngolo yosinthika yosinthana
Chithunzi Vittaly Nefdova
Malo osambiranso ndi oyeneranso kwa makina owunikira omwe ali ndi busi yowongolera yomwe imapangitsa kuti ikhazikitse nyali kulikonse.
Luminaires amaphatikizidwa kwa wochititsa ndi thandizo lazosintha zapadera za dongosolo lililonse
Matayala awiri amakhala ndi machubu awiri owonda okhala ndi 4-10mm, yomwe ili patali kuchokera pa 3 mpaka 20cm kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake
Kodi kuwunika ku bafa, kuthetsa, mwachilengedwe, mwini wake. Koma chifukwa chofuna kuzindikira, sizipweteka kudziwa zinthu zachitetezo, miyezo yopepuka, Aza Limpsine ndipo, pamapeto pake, ali ndi malonda owunikira masiku ano.
Kuwala popanda ngozi
Malamulo omwe alipo pamagetsi amagetsi omwe amakhazikitsidwa mu 1999 amaphatikizapo bafa kupita kumitundu yowonjezereka. Masitepe ndi mafinya, ndipo chenjezo ndizotheka pano. Chifukwa chake, tidzachoka pa zofunika pa chitetezo zomwe zaperekedwa. Mwangozi, kumapeto kwa madzi (pafupi kwambiri ndi 0,6M), simungakhale ndi zinthu zaondasuntha, kukhazikitsa zifanizo, zipitu, nyale zamagetsi zapamwamba. Magwero otsetsereka ndi khoma zopangidwa kuti zizipereka denga ndikukweza madzi osachepera 2m, ndipo zitsulo zonse zimapangidwanso, zopangidwira voliyumu, ziyenera kulembedwanso. Ndipo sililoledwa kugwiritsa ntchito nyali zonyamula ndi zowunikira. Kumvetsera Nyali Yoyandikira Kuyandikira Kusamba Komwe Akufunika Kusintha Kusintha Ndi chingwe. Njira yabwino, koma yokwera mtengo yopewera kulumikizana ndi manja onyowa ndi kusintha kwa ma radio kapena ma ray a ir.Mukamasankha nyali, yoyambirira, ndikofunikira kulabadira chizindikiro chophatikizira makalata a IP (index yoteteza) ndi manambala awiri: Lachiwiri - kuchokera ku chinyezi (chachiwiri - kuchokera ku chinyezi ( Ngati mtundu umodzi wokha wotetezedwa ndi wofunikira pazinthu izi, pamalo omwe akusowa ayika x). Makina a Iec5229 ndi Europeon En60598 adakhazikitsa madigiri asanu ndi atatu otetezedwa: Kuyambira 0 (kapena chitetezo) mpaka 8 (kutetezedwa ndi kulowa kwamadzi nthawi yayitali).
Ndi anthu angati omwe amafunikira kuunika?
Zoyipa, ngati bafa lanu litawoneka lamdima kapena kuwala mmenemo monga choncho, pakhomo lomwe mudzasowetsa maso anu. Ndiye chifukwa chake akatswiri amalangiza kuti afotokozere kuchuluka kwa bafa ndi malo oyandikana nawo. Pangani kuwerengera moyenera kudzathandiza zizindikiro zamphamvu zomwe ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa pa malo osungira 1M2. Kuti mupeze kuyatsa mu 100 lc yoyenera ntchito yosavuta, ndikofunikira kuti nyali zoyenerera za incandescent izi zinali 20-30W / m2, nyali ya masana - 4-6w / M2. Chiwerengero choyamba chikunena za malo omwe mawonekedwe opepuka amapambana, wachiwiri kumdima. Monga mukuwonera, kusiyana pakati pawo ndi kwakukulu kokwanira. Zikuwonekeratu, chifukwa zowonetsera zoyera za makhoma ndi 0,7-0.85, ndi zobiriwira kapena, mwachitsanzo, mtundu wabuluu, 0,03-0.04-0.04.
Kutengera manambala awa, ndikosavuta kudziwa kuwunikira koyenera, komwe ndi pafupifupi 200 lcs. Zachidziwikire, zitha kukhazikitsidwa komanso mwamphamvu, malinga ndi mfundo yoti "malinga ndi bwino, zikutanthauza kuti molondola." Komabe, kusankha koteroko kumafuna zoyeserera - kuyambira nthawi yoyamba mpaka kuvuta. Njira yoyenera ya bafa yaying'ono imakhazikika, koma nyale yokhala ndi zida zamphamvu bwino ndi chipangizo chowongolera chowongolera. Mwa njira, zida zambiri zapamwamba zomwe zilipo pamsika waku Russia zimagwiranso ntchito chimodzimodzi.
Kucheza kapena popanda?
Mwa chisomo cha opanga, ambiri aife ndi chakuda, ngakhale ali okalamba kapena, m'malo mwake, nyumba zatsopano zomwe zili mkati mwawo zimapezekabe. Kuwala kwachilengedwe kumapereka chiyembekezo, m'chipinda choterocho ndikosavuta kupumira. Ponena za kuyatsa, ngakhale masana, zenera sichokayikitsa kuti muthane ndi vutoli, chifukwa nthawi zambiri zimatsekedwa ndi khungu lakhungu, matte galasi kapena zenera lagalasi. Mwanjira ina, kupezeka kwa mawonekedwe a magetsi kumasintha pang'ono. M'malo mwake, iyi ndi nkhani ya chitonthozo. Kupatula apo, anthu ambiri amadzimva kuti ali ndi vuto lalikulu m'malo otsekeka. Mutha kuwathandiza, atapinda imodzi ya bafa ku bafa kuchokera m'magombe, pomwe kuwala kwachilengedwe kumalowera malo ena. Kapena kudula zenera m'khola lomwe limayenda m'chipinda momwe kuwala kwa dzuwa kumalowera. Kapena kutsanzira zenera, kukhazikitsa chikwama cham'mbuyo mu khoma la pafupi, galasi la matte.Kuwala kukhala!
Monga tidanenera, Kuwala m'bafa kuyenera kukhala zochuluka, koma .... Ayi. Muyezo womwewo ndi kuwala konsekonse. Kwa chipinda chaching'ono, vutoli limathetsedwa ndi chida chimodzi chopepuka. Mukamasankha malo oti mukhazikitse nyali, dziwani kuti ndibwino kuti mukhale ndi maxis pakati pa kalilole ndikuyang'ana mwa munthu popanda kuzimitsa mbali kapena kumbuyo. Kupanda kutero, kuunikako kuonekera, mithunzi yosafunikira imapangidwa. Koma mtundu wachikhalidwe wa kuyikako ndi woyenera, pamwamba pagalasi, mtunda wa masentimita angapo kuchokera padenga.
Chipinda chakumaso pamwamba pa denga kapena makhoma chimakhazikitsa magwero angapo owunikira, kukwaniritsa zowunikira yunifolomu. Nthawi zambiri, nyali zazing'onoting'ono zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa izi. Pokhazikitsa padenga, nyali yokhala ndi njira yosinthira ndi yoyenera kwambiri, popeza kuwalako kumayendetsedwa, kungayambitse chidwi. Kuzungulira koyenera ndi 40. Tiyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti chinthu chachikulu polimbana ndi glare ndikupewa kuwunikira kwambiri pamaso.
Sinthani mawonekedwe a kuwala kochokera ku tambala yonyezimira imathandizanso kukhazikika khoma kapena nyali zokhala ndi galasi lowuma, ndi nyali zokhala ndi golide zoyera zoyera ndi zofunda zachitsulo. M'nkhani yachikondi, kuunika sikuyenera kutsutsana ndi chilengedwe. Kwa zokongoletsera zamimba yamisala, nyali za matte ndizabwino, zomwe sizimapereka kuwala. Komabe, ndikofunikira kulingalira kuti galasi la matte limachepetsa kuwunikira pofika 30%.
Popeza kuwunika kwa Generali ndikofunikira, ndibwino ngati kuli kotentha, kofewa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti nyali wamba komanso nyali zokutira ndi matte za matte ndizabwino. Kusintha koyenera kwambiri ndiko kuphatikiza kwa kuwala komwe kumayang'aniridwa mwachindunji.
Kuchuluka kwa chitetezo cha nyali
Chitetezo cha IPX0 chikusowa (chizindikiro sichingasinthidwe);IPX1- Chitetezo ku madontho amadzi akugwa;
IPX2- Kutetezedwa ku madontho amadzi akugwera pa ngodya mpaka 15;
Chitetezo cha ipx3 ku mvula kugwera kumbali mpaka 60 kuchokera pamwamba;
IPX4- Chitetezo motsutsana ndi marowa ndi ma splashes akugwa pachilichonse;
Ipx5- Chitetezo ku Jets a Jets a Malangizo;
Chitetezo cha ipx6 kuwonekera kwa madzi amayenda kapena ndege yamphamvu;
IPX7- Kutetezedwa ku Madzi Mukamizidwa pakuya kwakanthawi ndi nthawi;
IPX8 imatetezedwa ku madzi ndi nthawi yoimirira yolowera kwa kuya kwa ena.
Mlingo wa chitetezo chomwe chafotokozedwa mu ukadaulo wa chipangizocho kapena chipangizocho ndi umboni kuti malonda amagwirizana ndi miyezo ndipo wopanga amatsimikizira kuti zinthu zake ndi ziti.
Ndi nyali zingati ndi chitetezero chomwe mungafune zimatengera script yopepuka. Koma ndibwino kuchokera ku malamulowo kuti akhazikitse nyali za malo osungirako malo okhala (VD0100, Gawo 701), malinga ndi momwe malo osamba amagawikidwira m'magawo anayi. Zone 0 zimafanana ndi zida zowunikira ipch7 (mpaka 12v), zonet 1- IPX4 (mu shabins yosambira ndi kuthamanga kwa madzi - ipx4, Zone)
Kuwala Kwanga, kalilole ...
Malinga ndi opanga, chinthu chachikulu m'bafa sichisamba konse, koma kaliroyo adangodutsa mwamwambo. Ndiye "malo ogwirira ntchito" ogwirira ntchito ", ndikufunika kuti boma lapadera ngakhale m'chipinda chaching'ono. Pachifukwa ichi, mtundu wamtundu uliwonse wowala udzakhala woyenera. Ndikofunikira kusankha moyenera ndikukonzekera.
Kuwala pafupi ndi kalilole kuyenera kukhala kowala, koma nthawi yomweyo yofewa, yobalalika komanso pafupi ndi chilengedwe. Masewera omwe ali ndi utoto pano ndibwino kuti asakonze kuti musawope malingaliro anu. Kuwala kowala osati maso akhungu okha, komanso kumasokoneza chithunzicho: Kuchokera pamwamba mpaka pansi, kumawonetsa zolakwika zonse za nkhope, ndipo pansi pa mithunzi yolimba. Kuti chithunzicho sichikuyenda bwino kwambiri, muyenera gwero la kuwala. Poterepa, nyale zilizonse zokhala ndi ma radiation zimayenera kukhala zoyenera, koma nyali zabwino kwambiri zokhala ndi magalasi a golide wa malo ophulika.
Momwe mungatengere ku Luminaires pagalasi? Njira yothetsera njirayi ndikuwakhazikitsa syrmentically kumbali, zomwe zimapereka zosalala, zopanda mithunzi ndi zonyezimira, kugawa kwa kuwala. Izi mwina zingakhale bwino kwagalasi. Pano pali nyali zazitali zazitali, zitsulo wamba kapena mizere yamiyala yaying'ono yomangidwa, yomwe, yokhala ndi guluu wapadera, amakhazikika pamtunda wagalasi. Galasi lalikulu limatha kufotokozedwa kuchokera kumwamba, ndikuyika gwero lowunikira lomwe lili pansi pafupifupi 2m kuchokera pansi (ngati galasi ili patali kwambiri kuposa 2.5 m kuchokera kusamba). Zangwiro ngati nyale pa mabatani, zimalola kuwongolera kuyatsa. Galasi la mtengo wapakatikati pafupi ndi lalikulu kapena bwalo nthawi zambiri limayesedwa mozungulira mozungulira ndi luminaire.
Opanga zida, mipando ndi zowonjezera za mabafa nthawi zambiri amapereka kwa omwe amayendetsa njira zawo zowunikira. Tili ndi zabwino zambiri. Choyamba, mayankho otere amaganiziridwa bwino kuchokera ku lingaliro la Lamzayn, ndipo chachiwiri, nyali zimapangidwa mu stylist imodzi ndi zinthu zina zonse. Chitsanzo chimodzi ndi malo otumphuka agalasi oyimitsidwa, omwe amaphatikiza ntchito yagalasi ndi thanki ya chimbudzi. Mtengo wa loko lokonmera ku Italy kapena Germany lili pakati kuyambira 600 mpaka 1500. Mashelumita ambiri a demokalase-mashelufu ambiri a Halogen (50-70) - Perekani makampani aku Russia.
Izi ... Kuwala kwa Lunar Whonur!
Dziko la Sabata Lolonjezedwa, Ivan Kozyrev, lomwe kuli yunivesite yatsopano yomwe ili m'chipinda chatsopano panthawi imodzi linauza Mire Mangokovsky. Inde, ndipo ambiri a ife, omwe mwazolowera kalekale pa chitukuko cha chitukuko, ndi wake ndi chikondi, malinga ndi malo omwe mungakhale ndi moyo ndi thupi. Vomereza, malo oterowo amayenera kukhala oyenera mawuwo, koma osati kokha chowala, koma chofewa, chopumula.Opanga ena amapereka malo obisalamo osamba, kubisalirani magwero am'madzi a matte pulasitiki kapena mawonekedwe achitsulo. Koma, mwina, mosangalatsa kwambiri ngati kuwala kofewa kumachokera pamwamba, mwachitsanzo, kuchokera ku ubongo, kunakhazikika kukhoma. Pansi pa mwendo wautali wocheperako umawoneka wokongola kwambiri ndi malo osinthika a nyali. Koma musanayambe yankho losayembekezereka la bafa, onetsetsani kuti pansi mokhazikika. Kugogomezera ubale wapamalingaliro, pomiza chipinda china chopumira.
Mwa njira, utoto ndi woyenera m'derali. Magalasi owomba kapena osambira khoma kapena khoma lokhala ndi utoto wa utoto "utoto" ndikupanga masewera osangalatsawo. Imawoneka bwino kwambiri, yomwe idapangidwa ndi chipangizocho chomwe chimayikidwa pansi pamadzi. Koma opanga ali ndi ntchito ngati yotsika mtengo kwambiri (4-4.5 ndi apamwamba) kapena apamwamba kwambiri a ma scutis hydromage. Kukhazikitsa kwa zida zamagetsi zokha chifukwa cha nyali yakuthwa sikopindulitsa kapena yopanga kapena wogula.
Pa chifukwa chomwechi, mabatani ambiri amasamba amalandidwa kuwunika kwaulere. Rudiom, koma mutha kupeza mitundu yosambira ndi kumbuyo kutengera ndi marowa. Koma m'malo mwake ndizopanga kuposa kuyatsa. Chifukwa chake vutoli ndi kuwala m'derali lidzathetsedwa nokha. Pakusamba, piritsi la nyali, ndi nyali zazitali kapena nyali zambiyo, zoyika pakhoma pakhoma la pita, ndipo ngakhale kuwunikira pansi kuli koyenera kusamba. Paka pansi, zida zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mokwanira, zomwe zimatsindika mayendedwe a m'minda. Chifukwa chake, zikuluzikulu za Gardena Garder, zomwe zimaphatikizapo magwero asanu pa 5V, zingwe, zolumikizira, zosinthira, zimawononga $ 65. Coppie nyali zamizidwa ndi zomangira wamba, chifukwa mabowo amaperekedwa ndi nyumba.
Malo omwe amakhala ndi chimbudzi komanso chimbudzi komanso chowunikira chapadera, mwina, sichimafuna, ngati simuli a amateur kuti muchotse mu "Dongosolo Latsopano. M'malo mwake, malo angathandize kuyang'ana kumbuyoku, ndikuyika muukhondo waukhondo. Monga lamulo, zimakhazikika paukadaulo wa LED ndipo zimakwaniritsidwa kwambiri. Pofunsidwa kasitomala, kumbuyo kwake kumangoyatsa okha, mwachitsanzo, pomwe madzi amawonongeka ndi bomba. Osakwatiwa ndi madambo omwewo kapena malamuulo owala, mutha kupanga njira yopukutira kuchimbudzi, kumira, lembani malire a malo osamba, makamaka ngati yakwezedwa podium. Kuti muchite izi, ndikokwanira kuteteza ma tails a kubisala pansi pachivundikiro, kuyika mants pansi pawo. Malinga ndi mfundo zomwezi, zowoneka bwino zokhala ngati zotumphukira kuchokera kwa oterera, zomwe zimaloledwa pamtunda, kuphatikiza ndi tranfor yapadera. Chikwangwanichi chimachitika chifukwa cha ndalama zomwe zidamangidwa mwachindunji komanso kulumikizidwa ndi adapter magetsi. Zachidziwikire, tikulankhula za chinthu choyera cha kukopeka. Koma kuthokoza kwa iye, ndizotheka kuthetsa ntchito zam'manja. Mumlandu wachikondi, sitiyenera kuiwala kuti izi sizovuta kwambiri, komabe zida zamagetsi, ndi katswiri ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa. Mulingo wa mtengo ndi 90 kutalika kwa malire pafupifupi 40 cm.
Chikondi nyali - gwero la kuwala!
Poganizira zoletsa zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi malamulo achitetezo, pafupifupi magwero aliwonse owala ndioyenera ku bafa: nyali za incandescent, kuwala, kukweza.
Nyali ya incandescent ndiyofala komanso yotsika mtengo kwambiri. Atapangidwa zaka pafupifupi 120 zapitazo, amadyabe mphamvu zambiri, 95% yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito kutentha. Kuphatikizira ndi zothandizira kwawo ndi pafupifupi maola 1000 ogwirira ntchito. Zowona, kwa bafa sikofunikira, chifukwa babu la kuwala likuyaka pano kwa maola angapo patsiku. Ndi mawonekedwe awa, imatha chaka ndi theka, ndikukupatsani kutentha komanso koyenera.
Pamodzi ndi muyezo, msika umapereka nyali zazing'onoting'ono za Crypton ndi kuwongola pafupifupi 10%. Kapena nyali yokhala ndi zonunkhira zamkati mwa botolo, kupereka zofewa, osati kuwala. M'nthawi yoyambirira, zitsanzo zimadziwika ndi galasi kapena magalasi oyenda bwino pa dome. Mitundu yopangidwa ndi mawonekedwe, mu mawonekedwe a bowa, tubular. Omalizawo ndi angwiro pakuwunikira pagalasi, makamaka popeza timawoneka okongola kwambiri padziko lapansi.
Nyali ya Lumannent ili ndi zotulutsa kwambiri zokhala ndi mphamvu zochepetsetsa (40-50 lm / w). Kuonetsetsa kuwunikira kofanana ndi nyali ya incandescent, mphamvu imafunikira kasanu mpaka kasanu. Ndiwokhazikika (maola 10 mpaka 15 akupitiliza kugwirira ntchito) ndikupereka mitsinje yokhazikika mpaka kumapeto kwa ntchito yomwe imachepetsa ndi 5% yokha. Nyali za fluorescent zimakopa mitundu yosiyanasiyana: kupatula molunjika, pali kuzungulira, ukupangidwa, mu mawonekedwe a stafs wamba ... koma okumbutsa mababu owala owoneka bwino amakhala makamaka.
Amakonda kukhulupilira kuti kuwala kozizira komwe kumayambitsidwa ndi nyali zambiyo zimatenga ndikusokoneza mitundu yozungulira. Komabe, lero mawonekedwe a ma radiar awo ali pafupi kwambiri ndi zachilengedwe. Ali pamsika ndi nyali ndi kuwala kotentha. Iwo ndi ena akubereka mitundu. Zogulitsa m'badwo watsopano sizikuwonedwanso ngati gwero la ngozi yowonjezereka, mulingo wa mercory zomwe zimachepetsedwa kwambiri. Osatheka komanso onyoza omwe amasangalala komanso phokoso. Chifukwa cha kugwiritsa ntchito makina omwe ali ndi zamagetsi zamagetsi (erp), nyali zamakono zimatembenukira nthawi yomweyo ndikugwira ntchito popanda kuthira ndi phokoso. Mwa njira, nyali idayamba kugula, mphamvu yazolowera zomwe zingasinthidwe: kuzisiya, kenako ndikutembenuza pansi, mudzachepetsa kumwa.
Nyali zolimba zomwe zidawoneka pamsika wathu posachedwapa, zikuwoneka kuti, zapambana kale mpikisano wokhala ndi magwero ena. Cholinga chawo, kulimba (maola 2-6 chikwi) ndi kutulutsa kwamphamvu kwambiri ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zotsika (14-30 lm / w). Ndi mphamvu ya 20w, amaperekanso kuwunika kofananako monga 60w (10lm). Ngakhale pamwamba pa kuunika kwa "halogen" ndi owonerera galasi. Chifukwa cha nthiti pagalasi pagalasi, ngodya yobalalika za mtanda zimasiyanasiyana kuyambira 8 mpaka 60, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri pakuyaka koyaka.
Nyali zokhala ndi cylindrical kapena choyikapo nyali zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu magetsi ofunikira gwero lalikulu. Tugralar, ndi nthawi yayitali, yoyenera kuyatsa galasi. Yotulutsidwa ndi matani ofundawo ofunda pafupi ndi oyera kuposa a nyali za incandescent, zikomo pomwe zimachulukitsa mitundu yozungulira. Mitundu ya kapisozi, yokhala ndi thupi lowala komanso njira yosinthira, ndi yankho labwino kwambiri la zovala zoyimitsidwa. Zitsanzo za kunechera zimatha kuphatikizidwa ngakhale atadutsa. Mochaps ndi zosokoneza magawo awiri mwa atatu a ma radiation a mafuta abwezedwa, omwe ndi ofunikira kwambiri kwa magulu oyimitsidwa. Tekinoloje ya kutentha yomwe yatulutsidwa ikulimbana bwinobwino komanso matekinoloje omwe amamasulira mu kuwala kowoneka, komanso radiation ya UV ya UV, galasi la quartz lomwe limadula gawo ili la mawonekedwe. Malo osabereka amakhala ndi nyali zapadera zotetezedwa ndi ma halogen omwe ali ndi zaka 20W.
Masiku ano, dziko lonse limamasulira zida zotsika kwambiri (mpaka 100W) kutchinga magetsi otetezeka, ndipo pamakhala magetsi otsika kwambiri (12-24v). Zovuta za mabafa omwe ali pafupifupi angwiro.
Zipangizo zowunikira pa ma LED zimadziwika kwambiri pakati pa kuwala kwatsopano. Afuna kupatsa mafuta ochepa kupatsa mafuta, osatenthetsedwa, magetsi ndi kuphulika. Kutha kugwira ntchito mopitilira maola 80-100 maola 8-100 ndikulimbana ndi katundu wamakina kumakupatsani mwayi kuti muwakweze pansi kapena khoma popanda mantha. Pali nyali kale yokhala ndi matongosolo ophatikizidwa komanso ophatikizika (hp dzuwa). Chifukwa cha mphamvu yotsika, amagwiritsidwabe ntchito poyang'ana malo ndikupanga mitundu yamitundu. Komabe, maonekedwe olemera a masration amasakaikira akukulitsa kuchuluka kwa zomwe amagwiritsa ntchito.
Njira yosangalatsa komanso yotetezeka kwathunthu pogwiritsa ntchito matsogoleri opepuka. Amangofuna gwero limodzi lokha la kuwala, lomwe limatha kukhazikitsidwa ngakhale kunja kwa bafa, ndipo kuwala ndi iwo kumaperekedwa ku malo aliwonse.
Msika waku Russia umapereka zinthu zapamwamba zapamwamba za azungu: Osram, Paulmann, kuyatsa magetsi magetsi, a Philips, Silvania Idr. Mitundu yawo, monga lamulo, imaphimba zinthu zingapo, kuchokera ku mababu a infars incandescent kukhala akatswiri amitundu yapadera. Ponena za kuwala komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pamoyo watsiku ndi tsiku, ali pafupi kwambiri ndi kusazikirana, komanso mwaluso, komanso mitengo. Akatswiri amazindikiranso kuti katundu yemwe alipo movomerezeka pamsika ndi wopikisana bwino kwambiri, osati kutchula mtengo, koma kutaya pamtundu wa mitundu. Pafupifupi zomwezo ndi zinthu za ku Russia. Magetsi wamba a incandescent, palibe kusiyana pakati pa zinthu zathu zakunja. Ogwiritsa ntchito ndi avominescent ndi "magalasi" pomwe mukukumana ndi mavuto.
Chokhacho chomwe muyenera kuchita mantha ndi zabodza zomwe zidasefukira pamsika wapabanja. Zachidziwikire, saltons wodziwika bwino, sangakhale woyenera kukumana. Avot m'misika ndi m'masitolo ang'onoang'ono ndizotheka. Kuwerenga chizindikiro pa phukusi, onani kuti molingana ndi malamulo a malonda, adilesi ya wopanga ku Russia iyenera kufotokozedwa. Khalani omasuka kufuna satifiketi yogulitsa, ngakhale kuti kutsimikizika kwake sikumatsimikizika.
Mitengo yamsika pamsika ndi yayikulu kwambiri, makamaka pakati pa omwe ali ndi opanga a Russian ndi Asia, pa dzanja limodzi, ndi aku Russia komanso akumadzulo. Zogulitsa zomaliza, monga lamulo, zimawononga nthawi 5-10 zokwera mtengo kuposa zomwe zidalitoga. Mtengo wa nyali zimatengera mphamvu: Zogulitsa 45W ndi zotsika mtengo kawiri kapena katatu kuposa 100-watt. Nyali zathu za incandescent zitha kugulidwa pama ruble 4-6, mtengo wa zitsanzo zoitanitsa gulu womwewo udzakhala 1-1,5, ndi zitsanzo zaposachedwa kwambiri - 4-6. Mabatani otsika mtengo kwambiri a Halogen ali ndi ma ruble 10., okwera mtengo kwambiri panjira zinayi kapena kasanu. Ndi ochepa mtengo wa nyali wamba za fluorescent, koma zazing'ono zake ndizokwera mtengo (7-10).
Nyali zawo zonyezimira
Ma luminares nthawi zambiri samasankhidwa pasadakhale. Amagulidwa nthawi yomweyo ndi gawo lonse la bafa, kenako njira yabwino ndikugula zosonkhanitsa zomwe zimapangidwa mu kiyi imodzi, kapena sinthani kugula mpaka mawonekedwe a malo omwe afotokozedweratu. Tiyenera kusankha kuchokera ku magawo angapo a malingaliro - nyali zambiri zimaphatikizapo mamilimita zikwizikwi. Kusintha kosinthana - baroque, clatacation, yamakono, minimalism, tech apamwamba ...
Musanapite ku salon, muyenera kusankha zina zambiri. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti, mwachitsanzo, cholinga chake, nyali zimaphatikizidwa mu imodzi mwa magulu asanu ndi limodzi: chifukwa cha zofala, zakomweko, zophatikizika, zokongoletsera, zokongoletsera, zokongoletsa, zokongoletsera. Mwa njira yokhazikitsa, agawidwa kukhala denga, kuyimitsidwa, khoma, panja ndi desktop. Zinthu zopangidwa ndi zinthu zopangidwa ndi magwero ogwiritsira ntchito magetsi amasulidwa pakuwerengera magawo ena a nyali, kuwawonetsa pamapulogalamuwo ndikutsatira.
Nyali zasiyanitsidwa ndi kapangidwe ka kavalo (kavalo kapena duplex), ma borosilla, mawonekedwe, utoto, madontho a madzi; Zitsulo zokhala ndi golide, aluminiyamu, chrome, okalamba brani.d. Zogwirira ntchito zogwirizira zopangidwa ndi galasi la Matte ndizoyenera kwambiri, kuphatikiza ndi chitsulo. Amagwirizanitsa bwino ndi zida zokutira ndi zida zoperekedwa pamsika.
Kuwongolera kwa mtsinje wa kuwalako, luminaires ya kuwala kowongoka imagawidwa (yoyendetsedwa pansi), kuwala kotumphukira (poyang'ana m'mwamba) ndikuwunikira). Pakuwunika kwa General, bafa ndi mitundu yovomerezeka yamitundu iwiri yomaliza. Amapereka kugawa yunifolomu ya kuwala ndikupanga mithunzi yofewa.
Kwa nyali, chizindikiro choterocho ndichofunika ngati gawo lowunikira lowunikiridwa ndi CCC (chopindika cha mphamvu zakuwala). Zogulitsa ndi cosine ccc ndioyenera kupanga kuyatsa kwamphamvu ndi kusintha kofewa, kuyerekezera modekha komanso kugawa kowoneka bwino kwa madere. Mitundu yokhala ndi CCC imapereka pafupifupi malo omwewo mu zipinda zotsika kwambiri pazipinda zotsika. Koma, kuwakhazikitsa, ndikofunikira kusamalira kuti Kuwala kowongoka sikulowa m'maso.
Ngati mukufuna Luminaires Omangidwa mu Dengali, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti zitha kupangidwa ndi nyali za incandescent komanso pansi pa halogen. Kutsika koyamba kwa denga pa 8-12 masentimita, yachiwiri ndi 3.5-6 masentimita. M'miyala yonyowa, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito ma plaffode okhala ndigalasi yoteteza, ndi nyali zam'madzi, ndi zophimba. Zipangizo zokhala ndi magwero a Halogen zimawononga ndalama zambiri, koma zimalipira zana limodzi pakugwira ntchito.
Posankha nyali za mtundu womwe mukufuna ndi kapangidwe kake, musaiwale kuyang'ana magwiridwe awo komanso kudalirika kwa tsatanetsatane. Onetsetsani kuti nyali imakhazikika mu cartridge, ndipo malo amkati a malonda omwe amafunikira kuyeretsa nthawi zonse kumapezeka mosavuta. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri ngati kugula kumakwaniritsidwa mu shopu yaying'ono kapena msika. Kupatula apo, pafupifupi theka la zikuluzikulu zomwe zatulutsidwa zimapezeka ku Russia, kuti zilankhule, zosadziwika. Punta ndi zokhudza malonda ochokera ku China, Taiwan, Poland, Turkey, UAE, nthawi zambiri osakwaniritsa wogula wofunikira kapena mtundu kapena kapangidwe. Monga lamulo, katunduyo amatanthauza gulu lotsika kwambiri (30-100). Ma sullons omwe amaperekedwa ndi ku Aporting Italy, Spanish, waku Austria, waku Germany, Belgian, a ku Belgian, a ku Frenish, Felinland opanga. Makampani aku Russia Marbel, CJSC "Sturn", "Entracroroch", "pointer" Idr, yatsimikizira bwino.
Mapangidwe a kapangidwe kakeyo mosakayikirayo akuwongolera Italy. Mitundu yake yopaka. Austria, opanga a Belgian ndi Ajeremani ali pafupi kwambiri. Mitengo ya zinthu zawo zimachokera ku zikwi zana mpaka 40 ndi kupitirira zitsanzo zapadera. Mtengo wa nyali za bafa nthawi zambiri sizikhala zazikulu. Chifukwa chake, kampani ya Chinema ku Finland imapereka zinthu zingapo zopangidwa ndi fumbi ndi chitetezo cha Splash (IP22-IPLO) ndi ma 1600, kuyambira 28104 Rerbleram- mpaka 3070 pulity.
Chifukwa chake, matekinono amakono amakulolani kuti mugwiritse ntchito mawonekedwe aliwonse m'bafa. Mwachitsanzo, pangani kuti kuluka kuyatsidwa pansi kapena kuyika thambo la nyenyezi pamwamba pa mutu. Koma ndibwino ngati kuvota kuunika sikuti zochuluka kwambiri komanso motcholey ndi zogwiritsidwa ntchito pang'ono. Aloleni akhale owongolera mipata yopanda malire yomwe ikukutsogolerani ndi malingaliro akuti: "Magwiridwe, ogwiritsa ntchito, kudziletsa, kuphweka."
Bolo la Erdionity Ciriting, nyali za salon "pazinthu zazing'onoting'ono", zoyimira makampani OSAM ndi General Magetsi amathandizira pokonzekera zinthu.