Zokhudza maukonde otsika omwe akulankhulana kwambiri m'nyumba, ntchito ya TV, radiation, nyumba, makompyuta, etc.
Kutalika kwa maukonde otsika-pazinthu zingapo zomwe zili m'malo osiyanasiyana amawerengedwa ndi makilomita
Popewa kuwonongeka ndi makina osokoneza bongo, zingwe zina zotsika kwambiri zimatha kuchitsulo
Zingwe zotsika kwambiri zimatha kuyikidwa pa mapaipi a PVC
Opangidwa ndi njira yotseguka yofiyira yofiyira yobisika kumbuyo kwa makhoma ndi denga
Maulendo achitsulo amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mwayi woti agonetse mawaya ambiri m'malo mwaluso.
Kukhazikitsa matayala otsika magetsi otsika kumapangidwa ngati matayala othamanga
Network yotsika kwambiri ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la zida zopangira nyumba zamakono. Popanda iwo, kulumikizana kwenikweni kwambiri ndikosatheka, wailesi yakanema, maofesi, ma audiomalo amagwira ntchito, osagwira ntchito kuchokera kwa makompyuta aliwonse. Kodi maukonde otsika ndi ati ndipo mwayi wawo ndi nyumba ziti zomwe zili m'nyumba zapanyumba?
Ntchito za waya
Ndi ochepa a ife tikuganiza kuti cholinga cha mawaya ndi zingwe sizikudziwika ndi ndani komanso liti atachotsedwa pazenera kupita pazenera kupita ku lina, kulimbikitsidwa kuti lizinyamula anthu osungira.
Idzakhala yokhudza ma network otsika kwambiri omwe amapereka kanema wa pa TV, wailesi ya WAILE, Telephy ndi Internection Syricts, zida zamakompyuta wamba, zida zolumikizirana pa nyumba. Popeza ma monopolies pazinthu zamalonda zokhudzana ndi kuperekedwa kwa ma waya omwe alipo masiku ano kulibe, mabungwe osiyanasiyana amapanga maukonde awo otsika, otambasula ndi zingwe zonse pamlengalenga komanso mobisa. Kugona pansi pa mayanjano kumachepetsa okwera mtengo kwambiri komanso m'mikhalidwe ya mzinda sikotheka nthawi zonse. Chifukwa chake, mawaya a ma network otsika nthawi zambiri amapachikidwa pamzere wamphamvu umathandizira ndikuponyera kunyumba ndi nyumba. Izi zimachitika ndipo pogona thunthu fiber Comptic kuyankhulana, komwe zizindikiro zimafalikira monga kuwala. Ngati ndizosatheka kutaya zingwe ndi chinthu ndi mpweya kapena njira yobisalira, zizindikiro zimafalikira pogwiritsa ntchito njira za wailesi.
Kupeza mnyumbayo kudzera mu chipinda chapamwamba kapena pansi, mawaya otsika kwambiri ndi zingwe zam'manja zikuwoneka bwino pazithunzi izi, zomwe zili m'mapaipi awiri kapena zingapo, ndikutambasulira. Zinthu izi zili ndi mawonekedwe ophatikizira mapanelo kapena kudutsa, zomwe zimayikidwa pansi kapena makabati ndi ma racks. Nyumba zokhala ndi ogula zimamangidwa m'zaka za zana la 20, munthawi yapakatikati komanso zida zogawika (magetsi amagetsi) pazogawa magetsi otsika, monga lamulo, gawo lapadera limatsimikizika. Nyumba za tsiku ndi tsiku zidakhala ndi maudindo opulumutsa mphamvu, zikopa zolekanitsidwa zimakhala ndi zida zothandizira izi. Ngakhale kuti magetsi mu maukonde otsika ndi 12-24V, ndi mafunde omwe amayenda mmalo amayesedwa mu milliammperres, mawaya, zingwe zotsika kwambiri ndi gawo la magetsi amagetsi a nyumba ndi nyumbayo. Amaphatikizidwa ndi dongosolo lonse lofanana ndi zomwe mungagwiritse ntchito ndikukhazikitsa malamulo a chipangizochi.
Tsopano kufunikira kwa ma network otsika kwambiri, chifukwa ofesi ya meya ya mizinda ikuluikulu idakhala ndi mapulogalamu angapo olonjeza kuti apange makina owerengera ndalama ndi madera am'mizinda intranet. Kutumiza kwa zizindikiro mwa iwo kumachitika makamaka pamawaya. Chifukwa chake, kudera la Moscow, kuyesetsa kwa mayiko apadera, zoyesayesa zapadera za maboma komanso ogulitsa, gulu la intran Unirban limamalizidwa. Olembetsa ake amasangalala ndi intaneti yazomwe zimapezeka pa intaneti, zojambulidwa pa kulandiridwa ndi madokotala, lipira akauntiyo .p. Nzika zochulukirachulukira zimakhazikitsa dongosolo la kusatetezedwa ndi makanema m'nyumba zawo, kulandila zidziwitso za mkhalidwe wa zinthu zomwe zili m'malo omwe alibe.
Ndi mabungwe ati omwe ali ndi ufulu wokwera nyumba zamaneti otsika-zamakono, kodi ufulu wawo ndi uti, ndi udindo wotani pamaso pa kasitomala ndi kayendetsedwe kake? Pachikhalidwe, malingaliro omwe ali ndi ufulu wokwaniritsa ntchito iyi (mapelefoni awo ndi winamu wa kanema) ndi mabizinesi omwe amatsimikizira kuti pa TV a TV ndi Cbleviens. Mabungwewa ali ndi zilolezo zautumiki wa kulumikizana pantchito yolumikizana ndi ma wambani. Kukhazikitsa kwa ntchitoyi kumachitika kumapeto kwa mgwirizano wokhala ndi munthu wamba, ngati abwera pafoni kapena wolembetsa panyumba, kapena ndi bungwe lina (ngati likuyika) ya chingwe chochezeka. Ufulu ndi maudindo a maphwandowo akuwonetsedwa, zilango zopangidwa. Kukonzanso kusintha kwa mautumiki ndi ntchito za ufulu wokhala ndi mtundu uwu kulandira mabizinesi osiyanasiyana. Alinso ndi ziphaso za federal pakukhazikitsa mayanjano otsika kwambiri. Mabungwewa ali pachibwenzi m'nyumba ya intaneti yapaintaneti (kuphatikiza fibec) TV, kukhazikitsa kwa mavidiyo ndi zochitika zapadera, kukhazikitsa mitundu yapadera yolumikizirana. Ubwenzi wawo ndi kasitomala umaperekedwa movomerezeka ndi mgwirizano.
Thandizani Mphamvu
TSIKU LAIBRY Kodi Scs ndi chiyani? Ili ndi zomangamanga zapamwamba zadziko lonse lapansi zomangamanga / zovuta, zopangidwa kuti zizigawira mitundu yonse, kuphatikizapo mawu olankhula, zidziwitso ndi kanema. SPS imathanso kugwira ntchito pa nyumba yonse, koma pokhapokha ngati nyumbayo.A SCS amapangidwa m'njira yoti kudzera mu mawonekedwe aliwonse (kulumikizana ndi kachitidwe) kumatha kulowa mu iliyonse pa intaneti iliyonse. Mwachitsanzo, chokani ku kanema wavidiyo ya netiweki, pulogalamu ya pa TV kapena kuyankhula pafoni. Pankhaniyi, pali mizere iwiri yokwanira awiri kuntchito. CockPage, monga lamulo, kulumikiza kompyuta ndi TV ku foni yachiwiri. Zingwe zikuyenda kuchokera kuntchito mpaka pogawa (ma panels omwe masinthidwe amapezeka). Malingaliro ogawika amaphatikizidwa ndi mizere ya thunthu, ndipo amalumikizidwa kale ndi chingwe chachikulu panyumba yobwera.
Zomvetsa chisoni ndi zidziwitso zosiyanitsa ndi mafoni a foni ali ndi zabwino zingapo. Choyamba, kachitidwe ndi konsekonse: Mutha kulumikiza foni ndi TV, ndi kompyuta ku chingwe chimodzi. Kachiwiri, ndi njira yotseguka. Zimapangitsa kuti ithe kugwiritsa ntchito zida zilizonse zapamwamba za opanga zosiyanasiyana ndipo zimalola kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yomweyo ma protocol osiyanasiyana (malamulo ndi maoda a zizindikiro za chidziwitso). Izi ndizofunikira chifukwa ma protocols a zinthu zopangidwa ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana sakhala ogwirizana nthawi zonse. Chidutswa chilichonse chamagetsi chomwe mudagula, chidzagwira ntchito pa intaneti. Chachitatu, ma sc ali ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yotumiza deta: Kuchokera pa 100 kbps ya ma polankhula mpaka 10,000 Mbps pazomwe zimapezeka. Pochita izi, izi zikutanthauza kusunga ndalama zomwe timalipira pafoni komanso pa intaneti panthawi.
Ndi zabwino zonse za scs ali ndi vuto lalikulu: ndikadali pamsewu. Chifukwa chake, kuti mugwire ntchito wamba, netiweki iyenera kuyikidwamo kuti muyambitse pambuyo pake. Izi ndi ma cell owonjezera pamtanda olumikiza a waya ndi zingwe, ndipo sing'anga kuwonetsa zogwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga mizere yazingwe, ndi zingwe zokhala ndi zapamwamba kuti zitsimikizire zida zambiri, komanso zina zambiri. Pakadali pano, izi ndizosangalatsa 3-4 nthawi zodula kuposa kukhazikitsa kwa ma betwork omwe alipo.
Remopplery vacuum
Lero lero, kugwiritsa ntchito zokhazokha ndi intaneti ya nyumba ya nyumba imafunika kuchokera kwa opanga kuti azitsatira njira zapamwamba. Pakadali pano, ndizofunikira kwambiri chifukwa cha izi, gosst, kuti zikalata zina zoyendetsera zomangamanga zomwe zimakhalapo.
Opanga ndi opanga ma network otsika omwe amapezeka pazaka zamakono adakakamizidwa kuti azisangalala mu 1998. Mphamvu yaovomerezeka "Pomanga mafakitale ndi miyezo yomanga mafakitale yokhazikitsa mapangidwe a kulumikizana, kutchalitchi ndi kanema wa kanema waost-600-93 ya mautumiki a Russia." COREL, mwa iwo pazifukwa zake sizimasinthidwa mu akaunti ya zifukwa zokhala ndi zida zamakono ndi magesi a mayanjano omwe adachitika zaka 10 zapitazi. Popeza ambiri matekinoloji ndi zida zimabwera kwa ife kuchokera kudziko lina zamaneti omwe amapendekera pamaneti achilendo, miyezo yoyimitsa, yomwe imapangidwa malinga ndi mayiko a ku Europe ndi United States, koma alibe malamulo mphamvu m'dziko lathu. Izi ndi zodziwika bwino zamayiko Iso / Ice11801, European En50173, American ANI / TIA / EIA-568 - A. Malangizo othandiza amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi maphunziro apamwamba komanso malangizo a opanga opanga magetsi otsika, monga "chitsimikizo chokwanira cha EIb", malinga ndi zomwe okhazikitsa ku Russia "amaphunzitsidwa.
Chifukwa chake, kulumikizana kwa chikho mu intaneti kumafunikira kuti azitsatira malamulo apadziko lonse lapansi / iec10101, kalasi, kapena E. Malinga ndi gulu la intaneti ndi magawo asanu ndi asanu ndi limodzi. Zofunikira izi zikufanana, mwachitsanzo, UTP, FTP, ma stp ndi diager diameter ya 0.4-0m.65mm ndi 4 zojambula za nexans (FRAT), etl ) "Speccabel" (Russia) idr. Awa ndi zingwe zamagetsi kutengera awiri opindika ndi omwe amatsutsana ndi matope 100, omwe ali otetezedwa komanso osasunthika, komanso ma animede a fiber-optade 62.5 ndi 505 ndi 505 ndi 50/125 ndi 50/125. Mawaya otsika kwambiri ndi zingwe zamagetsi amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kufalitsa deta ndi wotchire nthawi imodzi kwa 1 mhz, pomwe zingwe zowoneka bwino zimapereka kusamutsa kwa mapangidwe othamanga kwambiri. Kuyambira m'misewu yomaliza, amagwiritsidwa ntchito poikidwa makonde. Kukhazikitsa kwa maukonde amkati nthawi zambiri kumapangidwa ndi mawaya ndi zingwe.
Kholuki pansi kuti mulumikizane kuti?
Ngakhale zikalata zowongolera pamaneti otsika kwambiri m'dziko lathu sikokwanira, "Mtengo wa moyo ndi wobiriwira." Akatswiri amatsogozedwa ndi zolemba zilizonse. Onse mu zingwe zapakhomo ndi zakunja zokhala ndi zingwe zowonera, okhazikitsa ma network otsika-ma network omwe amatsatira malamulo omwe si osiyana kwambiri ndi malangizo achilendo komanso apakhomo. Malinga ndi OSF-600-93, mtunda pakati pa chingwe cha telefoni ndikudutsa m'mawere omwe akuyatsidwa ndi magetsi owunikira kapena magetsi amphamvu ayenera kukhala osachepera 25mm. Kufunikira kotereku kumakhala kogwirizana ndi ma Networks omwe analog amasayina (patelefoni yachikhalidwe, wailesi, TV) amafalikira. Popeza zizindikiro zogawika zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa intaneti, zosemphana ndi intaneti sizipezeka chifukwa cha zomwe amapereka. Zotsatira zake, mtunda pakati pa mizere ya intaneti ndi magetsi amagetsi amatha kukhala ochepera.
Ndi zoletsedwa kuyambitsa mawaya otsika kwambiri ndi zingwe zamagetsi pamagetsi, chifukwa mukamakhala mu mphamvu kapena kuwonda kwa magetsi osakhazikika, ndizotheka kulowa ma network otsika. Atea wazunguliridwa kale ndi kuwonongeka kwa zida zodula. Mukamawoloka zingwe za akasinja zazikulu zizikhala zosawoneka bwino kukhoma, koma kuti ziwagwereni kuchokera kumwamba kapena pansipa (ku Stroke). Mutha kudziwa kuchuluka kwa zingwe poyang'ana kukweza komwe mtundu wawo wasonyezedwa. Zingwe zogona kunja kwa nyumbayo pansi pa mapaipi okhetsa, masitepe amoto ndi mawindo, ziyenera kutetezedwa ku zowonongeka zamakina. Mabokosi agawidwe amafunika kukhala pakhoma pamtunda wa 300mm kuchokera padenga. Kukhazikitsa mabokosi am'madzi pamwamba pazitseko, zotseguka ndi mawindo siziloledwa.
Ophatikizidwa ndi njira yotseguka kapena yobisika ya kutumiza kwa foni ya foni (kuchokera ku bokosi logawika ku foni) liyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira zotsatirazi:
Khalani ofupikiratu komanso osalunjika;
Onani malo omwe ali m'malo mwa magetsi, mawayilesi ndi kutumiza zina komanso makondana nawo monga momwe mungathere;
Mkati mwa nyumba, ngati lumo limatseguka, kudutsa mozungulira makoma pamtunda wa 2.3-3m kuchokera pansi ndi opitilira 50mm kuchokera padenga; Ngati zibisika, ndiye pa njira za ngongole zanyumba iliyonse.
Kuyenda ku chipangizo cha terminal kuyenera kuchitidwa ndi waya wolimba, kupukutira sikuloledwa. Mawaya am'manja omwe amapita mbali imodzi amayenera kuyikidwa mofananamo, kuyandikira wina ndi mnzake. Ndi kulowetsa mpweya kunyumba ya chingwe cha patelefoni padenga kapena kuchokera ku chipilala, ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa kuchipatala komweko (nthawi zambiri kumangirirani chipangizo chotetezera (Azu), zomwe ziyenera kukhala pansi.
Network yazamawa (kupezeka kwake m'minda ikufunika malinga ndi malamulo olalikira mwadzidzidzi) Kupambana, ngati zingwe ndi zingwe za matelefoni pa intaneti komanso zofananira zimayikidwa m'bokosi lonse, ndikofunikira kulemekeza mtunda pakati pawo kuti muchepetse kutengera kwa wayilesi. Mtunda uwu uyenera kukhala osachepera 50mm kutalika kwa mzere wa 70m, 15mm ndi kutalika kwa 10m.
Ponena za zingwe kuti mugwire ntchito ndi zida zothandizira kufalitsa kwambiri (kanema wapulogalamu ya digito, intaneti, IP Telephy), itha kuyikidwanso monga yobisika komanso yotseguka. Vutoli lobisika pamenepa limachitika m'manja a PVC pansi pa pansi komanso mudender, kumbuyo kwa denga ndi mchira wambiri, m'khola m'mikwingwirima. Zovala zofooka ndi zolumikizira ziwiri kapena zingapo za telefoni m'milandu ngati izi zimakhazikika pansi ndi makhoma. Magesi otseguka a ma network otsika pamiyala nthawi zambiri samakhala, koma amatha kuchitidwa ngati eni ake omwe ali nawo. Ndi mawonekedwe aliwonse pakati pa zingwe ndi zigawo zamagetsi ndi zingwe zotsika kwambiri komanso zitsulo, ndikofunikira kupirira mtunda wolingana ndi miyezoyo.
Kuteteza zida chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mafunde osakhazikika komanso kumwalira kwa m'mlengalenga, mizere yamagetsi yamakono ya mavidiyo ndi makanema iyenera kukhalabe pansi. Zofunikira zotere zili mu US Veviner J-std-607 - A 2002. "Muyezo wogwirizana. Zofunikira ndi kulumikizana kwamagetsi kwa ma telefoni a nyumba zamalonda." Matayala akunyumba ndi omwe amachititsa kuti azichita nawo gawo la mtanda mpaka 95mm2 (kutengera kutalika). Amalumikiza ndende zogawa ndi mzere. Mafuta amatha kuchitidwa ndi njira ya inoxide (zomangira, ma bolts), komanso ndi Inothermal kuwotchera. Ngati pazifukwa zina sizingatheke, mawaya amatetezedwa ndipo chophimba chimakhala pansi.
Kodi maudindo a kuyika ma network otsika mu nyumba zapanyumba? Tiyeni tingonena, ndizosangalatsa, osati zotsika mtengo. Chowonadi ndi chakuti wosuta samangolipira ntchito kukhazikitsidwa, ndikukhudzidwa ndi zinthu zakuthupi kuyika nyumba ya chingwe, komanso pakuyaka kwa zida zoyambirira. Chifukwa chake, kutengera kuchuluka kwa telefoni m'deralo, malonda olumikiza foni ku Moscow dera lake kuchokera $ 400 mpaka $ 1,200. Chingwe chojambulidwa pa intaneti chimawononga $ 100 komanso yokwera mtengo, kuchuluka komweko ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa nyumba yomwe ili panyumba. Kukhazikitsa kwa kachitidwe ka chitetezo, kuwunika kwa makanema, madio ndi makanema amawerengedwa malinga ndi zovuta za ntchitoyi, zida ndi kuchuluka kwa zipinda. Pulagi ili kuchokera $ 500 mpaka $ 5,000 kapena kupitilira. Kukhazikitsa kwa Scs kuli pa pafupifupi $ 30 pamzere uliwonse, kuphatikiza mayeso ndi chitsimikizo (osasintha ndi zida zina). Pansi pa mzerewu umamveka ngati gawo la chingwe kuchokera kulozera kulikonse ku mfundo kapena cholumikizira. Zingwe ziwiri zimayendetsedwa ndi nkhanu.
Chikhalidwe cha kulumikizana kwamakono chikukula. Ilydi, yemwe ali ndi chifukwa chilichonse samakhala ndi luso lamakono la kulumikizana, pachiwopsezo "chokongola" kukakhala kunja kwa dziko lotukuka.
Board Board Zikomo kampani yakuti "Cascade Plus", "Econ Tech", "Iconmad", "Incttmad", "Incttmin", "Intcttmin"