Pali mapampu otentha apakhomo kuti asinthe omwe amapereka ndalama: Mfundo za ntchito yawo, magwero a kutentha komwadwa, ulemu wa kuyika, opanga.
Mapampu otentha amapita m'malo otenthetsera, chifukwa amagwiritsa ntchito gwero losakira kutentha, nthaka yolowetsedwa, madzi ndi mpweya. Amakhala olunjika, osavuta pakuwombera, ndipo pakuyesa, kuyesedwa kwa nthawi ndi nthawi ndikofunikira. Amangofunika m'madzi angapo a magetsi
Madzi akunja amadzi amtundu wa matenthedwe ": HP40 yokhala ndi mphamvu 20 kw kuchokera ku G-Mar (a) ndi Ordet 13kW, kuchokera ku IVT (B) 13kW (b) 13kW (B)). Kutentha madzi ndi captoritor mkati mwa nyumbayo kumangidwa
Mitundu yamakono ya TN ya TN ili ndi phokoso lachuma, phokoso lotsika, compressors odalirika ngati mpukutu
"Ordicahlics" ochokera ku OCHSner: Gofu-Maxi amagwiritsa ntchito kutentha ndi kutentha kwamadzi (a); Europa 122lk imagwiritsa ntchito kutentha kwa mpweya (b)
TNSO2-20 imagwira ntchito padera la co2
Nthawi zambiri tn nthawi zambiri imalumikizidwa ndi boiler ndi kutentha kwa kutentha-baku
Zitsimezo (mainchesi) pansi pa 165mm) pansi pa prober 'nthaka imayikidwa pafupi ndi nyumbayo, poganizira za khomo lolowera. Madzi a arsian samafika
Kukonzekera mawonekedwe a malowa, adaganiza zotchinga wotolerayo kuti akwaniritse makulidwe apamwamba
Osoka ozungulira nthawi zina amachitidwa mu mawonekedwe okhala ndi mainchesi pafupifupi 1m, ndi zowonjezera za 0.3-0.7 m ndikuyika mu matalala mpaka 12.5 m
Kulowa kwa mawu olakwika pachitsime popanda chopereka
Mitundu ya Miniti ya Greenline ya IVT imapangidwa molingana ndi mfundo yowunikira ndipo imamangidwa mosavuta kuti igwire ntchito ndi madzi kapena antifapt
"Madzi-madzi", madzi "," madzi a mpweya "; chimakwirira mphamvu zingapo mpaka 106kW; Kugwiritsa Ntchito Kugwiritsa Ntchito CERDORD WOPHUNZITSA C60
Pakati pa Thermia okalamba, mndandanda wa ma gapudi adapangidwa kuti azitentha komanso kuzizira m'njira zosiyanasiyana kusankha kutentha kuchokera pansi ndi madzi (ndi cholumikizira), pangani kuzizira mnyumbamo
Madera akunja a TN Air-madzi amaikidwa pambali panyumba. Odzichitira padziko lapansi
Osewera athu adzaona kuti akuwotcha ogwiritsa ntchito zakale, ndipo osati kunyumba. M'malo mwake, mapampu otentha azigwira ntchito. Koma chomwe icho chiri, ngakhale kuti sitimadziwanso omanga ambiri, osatchula anthu.
Halyava, bwana!
Malinga ndi kuneneratu kwa Komiti ya World Erost Kitfir (Mirk), pofika 2020. M'mayiko otukuka padziko lapansi, kupezeka kwa kutentha kudzachitika pogwiritsa ntchito mapampu (TN). Zipangizozi zakhala zikugwirira ntchito bwino kotala lililonse la zaka za zana lino tsiku ndi tsiku ku America ndi ku Europe, kuchuluka kwawo kumawerengeredwa mamiliyoni. Kuphatikiza apo, m'mizinda yambiri, mazana akuluakulu ambiri omwe ali ndi mphamvu akugwira ntchito, ngati mtengo wamba wa chix. Koma pankhaniyi, tikambirana za zida zakunyumba.UNAS OGWIRITSITSA NTCHITO AKUFUNA KUTI APA. Amadziwika pang'ono ngakhale mu malo omanga, ndipo ogula amakhala okhutira ndi mphekesera zokha. Awiri omwe ali odziwika kwambiri ndi awa: Chiyero chake ndi chiyani kwa olemera ndipo sichoncho, chifukwa zonse ndi zabwino kwambiri.
Pampu kutentha - Iyi ndi firiji pomwe kutentha kwa mchere wochepa kumaperekedwa kwa chonyamulira cha kutentha ndi kutentha kwakukulu chifukwa cha mtengo wa mphamvu yosintha madziwo.
Pakadali pano, kunja, TN imagwiranso ntchito kuti ikoke kunyumba, kuphika madzi otentha, ozizira kapena owuma mmalo mzipinda, mpweya wabwino. "Inde, bwanji ukulowetsedwa pakhomo lotseguka?" - Funani. " Inde zilipo. Koma zida zoterezi zimafunikira malo onse, ndipo kuyika wina kungathe kuchita chilichonse kapena pafupifupi zonse, koma otsika mtengo. Mpampo amagwiritsa ntchito kutentha, omwazika m'dera: pansi, madzi, mpweya. (Akatswiri ake amatchedwa otentha otsika kwambiri.) Palibe zodabwitsa ku USA, Japan, Gerden, Swiden, Switterland, Finland, kukhazikitsa koteroko kumayambitsidwa ndi mitengo yayitali. Ogwiritsa ntchito anthu okhala m'mayiko amtunduwu amatha kulingalira komanso pachabe sabalalika.
Popeza ndakhala ndikugwiritsa ntchito magetsi 1 magetsi pampu, ndizotheka kupeza 3, 4, ndipo nthawi zambiri mafuta 5-kko. Amawoneka ngati chozizwitsa, ndipo zikafika, tikudziwa nthawi yayitali.
M'malo mwake, Tn ndifiriji yosinthidwa pang'ono. Ngakhale kunja, kukula ndi mawonekedwe, Tn ndi yofanana ndi wachibale wawo. Mufiriji kokha, pafupifupi osawona kuti ndi opanga kutentha omwe amayenda ngati mpweya wotentha, kuchoka ku gulu la turnner la condinser ("radiator" pakhoma lakumbuyo). Chifukwa chake, ngati kuchokera ku chithandizireni kukhitchini kuti mutulutse chipinda cha Epeaptoration (ndi mapaipi) ndikuyika pamtunda, tipeza pampu yotentha yomwe imatentha chipindacho ndi mpweya wabwino. Aesli mufiriji kutsuka ndi madzi, imatenthedwa, imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito potenthetsa kapena bafa.
TNSTE POPHUNZITSIRA KUKHALA NDI 1830g. Koma zoyambira zotchuka za zaka zankhondo pambuyo pa nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse, pomwe mafuta ku mayiko aku Europe adasowa. Kutembenuka ku kutopa kwa malo osungirako mafuta padziko lonse lapansi adalimbikitsa chiwongola dzanja chatsopano cha ziwonetserozi. Kumveka Magalimoto oterowo akutchuka chifukwa chabwino.
Chuma chamadziko . Tn amagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zomwe zidalowa muzolowa bwino kuposa mafuta ena. Kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya iye kuli ndi mayunitsi ambiri. Popewa "kusokonezeka kwa malingaliro", chuma cha ntchito zamagulu osiyanasiyana a TN, pakati pa kusintha kwapadera (), mayina ena m'mabuku omwe ali ndi ma coumication kwa kutentha, mphamvu, kutentha kutembenuka. Zimawonetsa kuchuluka kwa kutentha kwamphamvu ku mphamvu. Krymera, = 3.5 amatanthauza kuti, polemba 1kW, timapeza mphamvu 3,5kW, ndiye kuti, 2,5kvt chilengedwe chimatipatsa ufulu.
Kuwononga 60-75% ya zosowa zaumoyo wa TN nyumba kumapereka kwaulere. Manambalawa ndi osangalatsa kwambiri kotero kuti zimangoganiza za tchizi chaulere. Zowonadi, mtengo woyamba pampu ndi kukhazikitsa dongosolo la kutentha kwa kutentha kumangowoneka komanso kuchuluka kwa $ 300-1200 pa 1 Kw kwa 1 KW for Mphamvu Zapamwamba. Koma ndalama zimalipira zaka 4-9 zokha chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mafuta opulumutsidwa ndi magetsi. Ndi kuchuluka kwamitengo yamagetsi, Tn chifukwa chochita bwino ndi otsika kokha ndi boolers wamagesi, koma apambana zopambana m'madzi ndi magetsi. Amakhala zaka 15-20 pamaso pa opambana. Mwachitsanzo, chifukwa kuchuluka kwa mitengo yamitundu yonse, utsogoleri wawo umaperekedwa.
Kutentha kwa pachaka kumawononga nyumba 1M2 malo okhala ndi machitidwe osiyanasiyana
| Mtundu wa kutentha kwa consereto | Kutentha kwa mafuta | Zofunikira Pachaka | Mtengo wa mphamvu | Mtengo wa onyamula mphamvu, opaka. | Mtengo wa nyumbayo ndi dera la 300m2, pakani. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gailer gailer | 10.1 kwh / m3 | 19.9m3 | 1,109RAB. / M3 | 22,1 | 6630. |
| Mafuta Amafuta Boiler | 10.2 kwh / l | 20.2L. | 13.3 Pukani. / L | 268.7 | 80610. |
| Boiler yamagetsi | - | 191.5 KWH. | 1,13rub. / Kwh | 216,4. | 64920. |
| Pampu kutentha | - | 67 kwh. | 1,13rub. / Kwh | 75.7 | 22713. |
| Zindikirani. Maulendo oletsedwa: Nyumba zotayirira - 60w / m2; Kumwa madzi otentha - 10% ya kutentha; Kutalika kwa dongosolo la kachitidwe ka m'dongosolo - 2900h; Mpampuya amapulumutsa 65% ya magetsi |
Ntchito Yogwiritsa Ntchito . Gwero la kutentha kwa kutentha kumatha kupezeka paliponse pa dziko lapansi. Dziko lapansi ndi mpweya lidzapezeka pamalo osiyidwa kwambiri, kutali ndi mizere ikuluikulu yamagesi ndi mizere yamagetsi, kulikonse komwe chingapangitse "chakudya" chopumira kapena kuthamanga kwa mpweya kapena kuthamanga kwa mpweya kulowa mkati netiweki. Ngakhale kusowa kwa mphamvu ya magetsi 2kko sikulephereka. Ma injini a perisel kapena mafuta amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyendetsa compresser mu mitundu ina. M'malo ogulitsa, mukakhala mu 100 km kuchokera ku Moscow, sizotheka kulumikizana ndi netiweki, mwayi woterowo umavuta kwambiri.
Chiyambi . TN sidzangopulumutsa ndalama zokha, komanso adzapulumutsa thanzi la anthu okhala mnyumba ndi olowa m'malo. Chipindacho sichikuwotcha mafuta, chimatanthawuza kuti ma oxinoal oursoal ossover co, CO2, NOX, SBO2, SBORE. Chifukwa chake, palibe njira za sulufule, nitrous, phosphoric acid ndi benzene mankhwala ozungulira nyumba motsatira. Inde, ndipo dziko lapansi, likugwiritsa ntchito Tn. Kupatula apo, ndi akulu kwambiri pa CHP, kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta popanga magetsi kumafupikitsidwa. Ma freens oyikidwa sakhala ndi chlorocarbons ndi ozone.
Chilengedwe chonse . Tn ali ndi katundu wosinthira (kusinthitsa). "Angatenge kutentha kuchokera mlengalenga kunyumba, kuziziritsa. M'chilimwe, mphamvu zochulukirapo nthawi zina zimatulutsidwa "kuti zibwezeretsedwe pansi, kuchokera komwe adzatenga nthawi yozizira. Kapena kutentha kumeneku mutha kutentha dziwe. Koma ntchito zoterezi ndi mitundu yosinthidwa mwapadera (mwachitsanzo, ivt-mapasa kuchokera ku IVT, Sweden).
Chitetezo . Izi zophatikizira izi zikuphulika komanso moto. Palibe mafuta, palibe moto wotseguka, mpweya wowopsa kapena zosakhazikika. Mulibe chilichonse choti chiziphulika apa, ndizosatheka kung'amba kapena kusankha. Palibe chilichonse chotenthetsa kutentha kwa kutentha komwe kumatha kufalitsa zinthu zowotchera. Kuyimitsidwa kwa Aggregate sikutsogolera ku malo ake kapena kuzizira kwa zakumwa. Kusokonekera, Tn ndiowopsa kuposa firiji.
Mfundo yokhudza TN.
Pampu yanyumba yanyumba yanyumba yanyumba yanyumba yanyumba. Wobbi ndi Evaporator, compressor, condnther ndi chipangizo chopweteka. Kuzungulira kwa ntchito pafiriji ndipo pampu ndi yomweyo, zongokhazikitsa zomwe zimasiyanitsidwa.
Freen amasankhidwa kuti kuwira ngakhale kutentha. Chifukwa chake, ngakhale madzi ozizira kwathunthu amayendetsedwa ndi pampu kudzera munjira ya Evaporator, madzi amadzimadzi amasungunuka. Kenako, nthunzi imakokedwa mu compressir, komwe amakakamizidwa. Pamenepa, kutentha kwake kumachulukitsidwa kwambiri (mpaka 90-100 ° C). Kenako freton yotentha komanso yoponderezedwa imatumizidwa ku kutentha kwamphamvu kwa kazembeyo atakhazikika kapena mpweya. Pamalo ozizira, nthunzi zimachepetsa madzi, ndipo kutentha kwake kumafalikira kwa sing'anga yozizira. Madzi amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu madzi otenthetsera kapena madzi otentha, ndi Freen, tsopano madzi kachiwiri, amatumizidwa ku valavu yosoka, kenako ndikubwereranso ku Evaporator. Chilichonse. Kuzungulira komwe kumatsirizidwa ndipo kumangobwerezanso ma compresse ntchito.
Dongosolo lodziwika bwino la ntchito limatanthawuza magawo a otchedwa kutalikirana. Kuphatikiza pamakina awa, mayamwidwe, thermoelect, mapampu a ejector nawonso alinso. Kuphatikiza makonzedwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ndi makina oyenda.
Pamaso awiri
Kupambana kwa nthawi yogwiritsa ntchito TN makamaka kumatengera momwe mungasankhire kutentha pang'ono, wachiwiri - pa njira yotenthetsera nyumba yanu (madzi kapena mpweya). Chowonadi ndi chakuti unit amagwira ntchito ngati gawo la transsuipment pakati pa zigawo ziwiri zamatenthedwe: Kutentha kamodzi, pakhomo la Evatorator) ndi ina yotentha (yotentha). Ndi mtundu waonyamula kutentha ndi kutulutsa masitepe, mapampu agawika m'magulu asanu ndi limodzi kuti: "Madzi apansi", madzi "," mpweya ", mpweya", " mpweya ".
Zachilengedwe zimangogwiritsabe ntchito zitatu zokha komanso zomaliza. Kutentha kwa mpweya ndikwabwino, ngakhale kuli ndi zabwino zake ndipo, mwachitsanzo, ku US ndikofala kwambiri. Koma kwa mitundu yonse, mawonekedwe angapo amadziwika kuti ndikofunikira kukumbukira posankha chitsanzo. Choyamba, mphungu yamkuwa imadzilimbitsa yokha m'manyumba otanuka, ndiye kuti, ndi kutaya kutentha kosaposa 60w / M2. Nyumba yotentha, phindu lalikulu. Monga mukumvetsetsa, kuti muchepetse msewu, kusonkhanitsa mizu yake, - phunziroli ndi lopusa. Kachiwiri, kusiyana kwakukulu mu kutentha kwa ozizira polowera ndi masitepe osinthika, ochepera kutentha kwa kutentha (), ndiye kuti, ndalama zamagetsi. Chifukwa chake zida izi zimagwira ntchito, ngakhale zili bwanji mtundu wawo. Chifukwa chake, ndiopindulitsa kwambiri kulumikiza kuphatikizira kwa kutentha kwa kutentha. Choyamba, chimatanthawuza kuwotcha ndi mpweya woyandama, kuyambira pamenepa chonyamulira chamankhwala sayenera kutentha 35c. AVTUS BROM yamadzi yotentha imakonzekera masitepe (a radiators kapena mzimu wocheperako), mphamvu yaying'ono (mpaka 15%) imayamba ndipo 12%). Chachitatu, kuti mukwaniritse zabwino zambiri, opaleshoni ya TN mwa awiri omwe ali ndi jenereta yotentha yomwe amachitidwa (m'milandu yotere amanena za kugwiritsa ntchito njira yopumira).
Chithunzi cha TN:
2- EvaPorator;
3- Compressor;
4- Condirser;
5- peresenti ya kutentha kwanthetenthe;
Zisanu ndi chimodzi
Chomwe chili ndi mizere yayikulu kuti iyike pampu yayikulu (yoposa 30 kw) sikothandiza. Iye ndi wovuta, ndipo adzagwira ntchito mwamphamvu yamphamvu kwambiri. Kupatula apo, kuchuluka kwa masiku ozizira sikupitilira 10-15% ya nthawi yotentha. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri mphamvu ya TN yalembedwa ku 70-80% ya kuwombeza. Idzafotokoza zosowa zonse zanyumbayo mpaka kutentha kwanja kumatsikira pansi pamlingo wina (kutentha kwa biwanity), mwachitsanzo minus 5-10s. Nthawi yomweyo ntchitoyi imatembenuza ku mtundu wachiwiri kutentha. Pali njira zosiyanasiyana zogwiritsira ntchito. Nthawi zambiri, wothandizirayo ndi chotenthetsera magetsi, koma mutha kuyikanso mafuta amafuta amafuta. Kusankha kwa njira yabwino ndi ntchito ya katswiri.
Mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito bwino maubwino a pamtanda masiku ano tili nawo. Kudana ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a padziko lapansi opanga Tn amapereka katundu wawo kwa ife, ogulitsa awo ali okonzeka kuyika phirilo nthawi iliyonse ya dzikolo. Mlanduwo ndi wambiri, chifukwa chokhumba cha anthu aku Russia kuti atuluke ndikuyamba kutentha mpaka pansi.
Pamsika mutha kukumana ndi mapampu otentha ivt, mecmaster, thermia (Sweden), Raidel (Italy), Aertec (USA), PZP), PZP Komlet, G-Mar (onse). Kuphatikiza apo, kwa nthawi yayitali, takhala tikugwiritsa ntchito zozizwitsa za mpweya ndi opanga magetsi opanga zida zodziwika bwino za zida zodziwika bwino, monga madachi (onyamula), USA), Clivet (Italy), Clivet (Italy) ) Idr. Opanga zapakhomo a TN akadali ochepa (kusintha kwa eni ndi mbiri ya mabizinesi omwe akhudzidwa). Pakati pawo - "Ekip", "Npf Triton", Rzp, "mphamvu". Zogulitsa ndizosavuta, koma zodalirika komanso zotsika mtengo. Opanga omwewo akuyang'ana mayankho omwe ali oyenera kwambiri kwa Russia. Chifukwa chake, mtundu wa avtn-28g ("NPF Triton") Amatentha madziwo mu dongosolo lotentha mpaka 70C, ndipo izi ndi zabwino (= 3.3). Zotsatira zotere siziloledwa. Kampani "Ekip" yapanga pampu ya TNN2-20, kugwira ntchito pa carbon dioxide (CO2) - kukonza zachilengedwe, zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi woyatsa madzi asanalembe 85C = 3.28.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya TN yokhala ndi mphamvu ya 2 mpaka 130kW imatha kukhutiritsa anthu onse amtundu wina uliwonse ndi malo akulu. Ndikofunikira kuti musalakwitse ndi kusankha kwa mtundu wokhazikitsa.
Kukhazikitsa "Madzi a Dothi"
Nthaka mwina ndi gwero lalikulu la kutentha komwazikana. Imadziunjilitsa mphamvu za dzuwa ndikutenthedwa chaka chonse kuchokera pakati pa dziko lapansi. Nthawi yomweyo, amakhala "pansi pa miyendo" ndipo amatha kupatsa moto, ngakhale nyengo ili bwanji. Kupatula apo, pakuya kwa 5-7M, kutentha kumakhala pafupifupi chaka chonse. Kwa mtunda wapakati wa Russia, ndi 5-8C. Awa ndi malo abwino ogwira ntchito TN. Kuphatikiza apo, m'mitunda yapamwamba ya dziko lapansi, kutentha kochepa kumatheka pamaphwando pambuyo pake nsonga za chisanu ndikofunikira kuti nthawi ino imachepa. Mwambiri, dothi limakhala lodalirika kwambiri. Mphamvu zofunika zimasonkhana ndi kutentha kwachiwiri, ndikudziunjikira pansi, ndikudziunjikira mu chonyamulira, komwe ndiye pampuyo imaperekedwa kwa Evapor Test ndikubwerera ku gawo la kutentha. Kuphatikiza kwa chonyamula mphamvu zoterezi kumagwiritsa ntchito madzi osamasuka kwa malo omasuka (kumatchedwanso "brine" kapena antifarele). Itha kukhala yankho la makumi atatu ndi peresenti glycol kapena propylene glycol.
Pali njira ina yotentha yosungirako moto pomwe m'malo mwa "brine" mubwalirinilo limazungulira Freen, yomwe imasandulika mumtsuko mwachindunji m'mapaipi a Mlandu. Chifukwa chake imatha kugwira ntchito, pampu ya Antu-10 (RZZP) kapena gofu-gmdw (ochsner). Koma ngakhale ziwembuzi zimawonjezera mphamvu, kugwira kwake kumakhala kovuta. Masiku ano machitidwe otchuka kwambiri ndi "brine". Mitundu iwiri ya olinganiza kutentha imagwiritsidwa ntchito: Wokonjezedwa nthaka ndi dothi. Zonsezi zimachitidwa kuchokera ku mapaipi a polyethylene ndi mainchesi 25, 32 kapena 40mm (nthawi zambiri - kusankhana kutentha, komanso dongosolo lokwera mtengo).
Otola pansi (mozungulira) Ndi chubu lalitali kwambiri lokhazikika pansi pa dothi. Ubwino waukulu ndi chilengedwe komanso kuphweka kukhazikitsa. Anapeza magesi aulere ndikugona. Kuperewera kwa malo akuluakulu ofunikira pansi pa otola-25-50m2 pa 1 kw ya mphamvu (ndipo malowo angagwiritsidwe ntchito pansi pa maluwa kapena pachaka). Pali njira zosiyanasiyana za matope ogona: kulanda, njoka, zigzag, malo ozungulira ndi mawonekedwe a mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya izo.p. Chisankhocho chimatsimikizika ndi mawonekedwe othandiza nthaka ndi geometry ya malowa. Kupanga kutentha ndikokulirapo pa loya la loam komanso pang'ono pamadera owuma. Nthaka ya 1M2 imatha kupereka "zopatsa" 10- 35W mphamvu. M'litali chitoliro mu kuzungulira limodzi, ndi olimba, popanda zolumikizira, amayesetsa malire (osapitirira 600m), mwinamwake mowa mphamvu pa kufalitsidwa mpope kwambiri ukuwonjezeka. Ngati mukufuna mphamvu yayikulu, malupu amapanga zingapo.
Mitengo ndi gawo lomwe limayambitsa zovuta zambiri. Zimatembenuka kuti kutentha kwa dothi kuzungulira mapaipi kumachepera pang'onopang'ono, komanso kuchuluka kwa TN. Itha kutsika pansi pa zero, ndipo mndandandawo udakutidwa. Chifukwa chake, kudera nkhawa kwambiri omanga kutentha kwa kutentha ndikofunikira kuti akhale ndi ndalama zokwanira kuti nthaka ithe kulemba "kutentha kokha" yotentha "yotentha kuphika madzi otentha. Palibe malamulo ofanana pano, chifukwa dothi ndi nyengo zitaimbidwa. Chifukwa chake, m'madera, kampaniyo "TN-Service" yakhala ikuchita bwino kuyika kwa mapaipi mpaka kumapeto kwa freezer (1.5 m) ndi gawo lomwe liwerengedwa kuchokera ku mkhalidwewu 2. M machubu pa 1m2 dera lamnyumba. Avot pafupi ndi akatswiri ang'onoang'ono ochokera ku teplérvis amayamba kupindika mapaipi 1,2m, omwe ali pamwamba pamlingo wa kuzizira, komanso zowonjezera za 1m. Chapakatikati, pamene malo osungira kutentha amakhala owuma, kumtunda wapadziko lapansi umatenthedwa mwachangu kuposa mphamvu ya dzuwa ndikusungunuka. Izhevsk yolimba "ekoservis" imagwiritsa ntchito gawo 0.6m ndi kuya kwa 1.5m. M'malo mwake, akatswiri ochokera ku Belgorodod Bungwe Lopanga "Panthaka" pansi "adasiyitsa othana ndi owonjezera ang'onoang'ono poyerekeza ndi pansi pompopompo.
Ground Great (oyang'anira oyang'anira) - Ili ndi kachitidwe ka mapaipi ataliatali, adatsika pachitsime chachikulu (50-150M). Pano mukufunikira ndalama ya malo, koma mabowo okwera mtengo amafunikira (kuchokera pa $ 20 a 1 p). Kuzama, nthawi zonse kutentha komweko kuli pafupifupi 10s, motero masewerowa ndi osonkhetsa kwambiri. Mita ya kutalika kwake ipereka mphamvu 30 mpaka 100W yotentha, malinga ndi dothi.
Amadziwika kuchokera ku mapangidwe khumi osiyanasiyana, nthawi zina amakhala achilendo (mwachitsanzo, mu mawonekedwe a mapaipi, otsekedwa mu milu ya maziko a nyumbayo). Koma zogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi ziwiri: chitoliro mu chitoliro ndi ufa. Pa mzere umodzi "Brine" umaperekedwa ndi kupukuta kozungulira pansi, kwinaku akukwera m'mwamba kwa EvaPotor. Misonkhano yamphamvu imakhala yoteteza ndalamazo, osati zazing'ono.
Kusintha kusamutsa ndikukulitsa mphamvu ya kafukufukuyu, kusiyana pakati pa nthaka kapena kupindika ndi mapaipi ndi konkriti kapena konkriti. Ngati mukufuna kukhala ndi mphamvu yayikulu, pali mipata yambiri yotere. Mtunda pakati pa NIMI 5-7m.
Octores Omwe ali achisoni, kuwonjezera pa ndalama zambiri, pali mfundo ina yofooka, yomwe siyikunena chilichonse m'mabuku otsatsa. Monga kafukufuku yemwe adachitidwa ndi apainiyawa omwe amayambitsidwa ndi Tn-Firm "oyang'anira", ofanana njira ya kutentha ndikuwombera (mozungulira) pokhapokha pambuyo pake 4-5 zaka zogwirira ntchito. Chifukwa chake, pampu yomwe ili polojekiti iyenera kukhazikika mwamphamvu kwambiri. Kuchuluka kwa akatswiri angati anene.
Chomwe chimatha kupulumutsa zovuta zambiri, kotero izi zimapezeka kuchokera ku chilolezo cham'madzi cham'madzi chobowola bwino pansi pa probe. Pakuti chizungulire cha nthaka chimatha kuphwanya machitidwe a tchifare. Chifukwa chake, kwa nyumba zazing'ono, akatswiri ochokera ku zowongolera amalangizidwa kuti abwerere ngongole m'malo mwapakatikati pang'ono (25-35m), popeza safunikira kuvomerezedwa ndi mkuluyo. Lingaliro limatsimikiziridwa. Zolemba za Equent Equens ikufupikira ndi kutentha kwa mpweya wamphamvu idasonkhanitsidwa kwa madzi otentha a ku Moscow ku Moscow, okhala omwe amakhala otsika mtengo 45% kuposa nyumba zoyandikana.
Kuyika Sy Sn Tn "Dothi-Madzi":
2- Lnet;
Njira yotentha;
4- Network ya GV.
Kukhazikitsa "Madzi a Madzi"
Kutentha kumatha kukhala pansi (mitsinje, nyanja) kapena madzi a dothi (zitsime), komanso kuti kutulutsa madzi a ukadaulo. Mapampu okhambiri amasiyana sakhala osiyana ndi omwe amagwira ntchito ndi "brine". Koma chifukwa cha kutentha kwambiri kwa kutentha, kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kuchuluka kwa zida zamtundu wam'madzi ndizokwezeka kwambiri. Ndizomvetsa chisoni kuti njira iyi ndiyabwino pokhapokha pogwiritsa ntchito mafakitale. Makhalidwe abwino kwa mwini yekha ndi wosowa kwambiri. Koma ngati mtsinje womwe sukuzizira umayenda pafupi, mutha kuyimilira chitoliro ndi antifu pamtunda pansi (kondola ndi katundu) komanso mopanda kanthu popanda pachabe. Zachidziwikire, ngati mankhwala oteteza madzi amapereka zabwino.Zomveka ndi chosungira. Madzi kuchokera pamenepo (pamlingo wa pafupifupi 0,2m3 / Maola pa 1kW mphamvu ya 1kW . Nthawi yomweyo, chimbudzi chimayenera kutenga ndikuchotsa madziwo, mwina muli ndi chigumula chaching'ono. Zikuonekeratu kuti zigawo zotere pamaya otsika sizipezeka kulikonse, koma za zitsime za Arpesian kuti mulandire chilolezo kwa ife kosavuta. Arische ayenera kuteteza woponderezedwayo ndi kuipitsidwa ndi kututa. Kujambula ndi kusanthula kwamadzi kumafunikira. Ngati ndi mchere wambiri mmenemo, muyenera kukonzekera kutentha kwapakatikati, ndipo TN imazungulira madzi osenda.
Kukhazikitsa "Madzi a mpweya"
Pofika ku Univertity Kugwiritsa ntchito ku Russia, mtundu wamtunduwu umatenga malo achiwiri. Mapa mapampu ndi yotsika mtengo, ndipo mapaipi (okhala ndi nthaka yosasinthika) siyofunikira. Zovuta ndi imodzi, koma ndizofunikira: Kuchokera ku chisanu sikumasungira kutentha kwambiri. Khola, ngakhale ndi mphamvu yochepetsedwa, zida izi zimagwira ntchito mpaka -15 s, ndiye muyenera kuyatsa bole ina. Mitundu yotulutsa, monga Greenline (IVT), TCLM-Komple (PZP Komplet) ndi Duo (thermia), kapangidwe ka 3 mpaka 12 kw wapangidwa kale mu kapangidwe katatu. Kuphatikiza apo, makampani amagwira ntchito molimbika kuti achepetse kutentha. Nenani, mitengo ya WPL Pups kuchokera ku Stiebel Eltron imagwira ntchito -20C, ndi HP-40 ndi-Mar-Mar ndi ku -25c.
Pankhani yosankha "mpweya" wokalamba, ndikofunikira kuganizira zochitika ziwiri zofunika, nthawi zambiri amakhala chete m'nkhani. Choyamba, phindu la mphamvu yovota mu pasipoti limatanthawuza mpweya wina wakunja. Mwa kuyika kampani iye ndi yawo. Itha kukhala 0, ndi 2, ndi 10, ndi 25c. Chifukwa chake, pa luso lakelo, makina onse ayenera kufananizidwa ndi kutentha komweko. Kachiwiri, ndi kuphatikizira kwa chimfine TN ndikupanga mphamvu zowoneka bwino (nthawi zina zokongola), motero chotenthetsera china chimafunikira.
Dongosolo la kugwiritsa ntchito kwa TN "Madzi a mpweya" ndi chowongola dzuwa.
Mabonels awiri;
3 -Kuchotsa moto;
4- Boiler
Zida zopanga ngati "madzi-madzi" zimachitika pama diagram awiri: kugawanika ndi mono. Kwa mlandu wotsatira, kuyikapo kwapadera ndi mipata iwiri yolumikizidwa ndi kulumikizana. Imodzi, yakunja, imaphatikizanso fanizo lamphamvu ndi evaporator (yokhazikitsidwa pamalopo pafupi ndi nyumba). Lachiwiri, mkati, lomwe lili ndi condenorse ndi makina okha ndipo limayikidwa m'nyumba. Compresser imatha kukhala kapena kunja, kuti musakhale ndi phokoso m'nyumba, monga mu HP-40 Model (G-Mar), kapena mu tclm (pzp). Vmobloblocks zinthu zonse zimasonkhanitsidwa munjira yodziwika bwino ndikuyika mnyumbamo, ndipo msewuwu umalumikizidwa ndi mpweya wosinthika. Amaperekedwa ndi makampani ambiri, koma ali ndi mphamvu zochepa - nthawi zambiri 3-16kW. Pali zosinthika zomwe zimalola kuti zonsezi ndi zamkati mwamwayi, monga wpl (stiebel etron). Kukula kwatsopano, monoblock yokhazikitsa panja ndi kukonzanso kutentha kochepa (-25c), imapereka makampani a G-Mar.
Zaka zomaliza, chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa nyumba ya nyumba, chifukwa cha kugwiritsa ntchito mawindo atsopano a hermetic ndi mawindo owoneka bwino, Tn "madzi" adalandira chitukuko chowonjezera. Kuphatikiza pa kutentha ndikukonzekera madzi otentha, makanema ena "osaphunzira" osati kungogwira ntchito yotentha, komanso amagwiritsanso ntchito kutentha kwa mpweya. Mwachitsanzo, Europa ndi conni kuchokera ku Ochsner, IVT490 ndi 495 ndi 495 kuchokera ku IVT, Hostzone wochokera ku Mecmaster, Solvik kuchokera ku Warmia.
Imawonetsa ntchito ya pampu yokhala ndi maulamuliro olumikizidwa (mwachitsanzo, moperewera) ndipo tinena za mawonekedwe a izi m'mawu osiyana.
Mapangidwe a mapampu opangira marrmal a nyumba mpaka 200m2
| Wopanga (Chiwerengero cha mitundu yanyumba) | Mtundu | Mphamvu ya mafuta, kw | Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, kw | Mtundu | Miyeso (Lenoshirin Mtambo), mm | Mtengo, |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Themia (21) | Kazembe 10. | 10.0 | 3.6 | Mr., v- | 596990175. | 9020. |
| Aboust | 27,1 | 10.1 | Mr., v- | 7658901150. | 10790. | |
| Viessmann (30) | Vittall 300-Do116 | 14.6 | 4.6 | Ndani B. | 76012001510. | 11200. |
| Vittall 300-BW110 | 10.8. | 2,4. | Bambo. | 650600945. | 6390. | |
| Ochsner (41) | Gofu maxi-gmsw15 | 11.0 | 2,45. | Bambo. | 6506001150 | 6195. |
| Europa 122 LHK. | 3.6 | 0.54. | Ndani B. | 640900695. | 3980. | |
| Stiebel Ettrode (28) | Wpf 13. | 16.8. | 3.0 | Ndani v, Mr. | 51068990. | 8652. |
| Wpl 18. | 11.6. | 3,4. | Ndani B. | 7841111116. | 10130. | |
| Ivt (25) | Greenline E11Plus. | 10.7 | 2,2 | Mkati, a Mr. | 6006001770. | 7866. |
| IVT-495twin. | 4.0 | 1,4. | Mr., V-in, ndani | 6156002090. | 9080. | |
| PZP Komlet (23) | Tclm komlet-5.3 | 5,8. | 1,6 | Ndani B. | 8707751710 | 8990. |
| Tcmm-15,5 g | 15.5 | 3.6 | Bambo. | 6704481236. | 6790. | |
| Mecmaster (12) | Mec 6tB. | 10.0 | 3,4. | Mr., v- | 600600850. | 5300. |
| HVP 6TB. | 8.0 | 2.8. | Mr., v- | 6006001650. | 5960. | |
| Phirimeneta (7) | Hrn-0101 | 34.0. | 11.0 | Mr., v- | 650600850. | 8500. |
| Onyamula (20) | 30 rryh-017b | 18.3 | 9,78. | Ndani B. | 20718701329. | 14048. |
| Aermec (14) | Nrw-47h. | 12.0 | 4,4. | B-b. | 450450110. | 6400. |
| G-Mar (4) | Hp 40-065 | 20.0 | 5.0 | Ndani B. | 718718945. (block yakunja) | 5650. |
| Rzp (3) | Antu-15. | 15.0. | 5.0 | B-b. | 9661590. | 4500. |
| "NPF Triton" (2) | Avtn-28g. | 17.0 | 9.0 | B-b. | 400400600. | 8500. |
| "Ekip" (2) | Tnu-10 | 10.0 | 2.36 | B-b. | 4004001500. | 3000. |
| Zindikirani. Mr. - "madzi a dothi"; M'madzi am'madzi; Ndani v- "madzi a mpweya" |
Bungwe la Eyarial Littlo "Tn-Service", " Maofesi a kampani viessmann, Stiebel Ettron kuti akuthandizeni kukonzekeretsa zinthuzo.