Komwe kuli kotentha, pamenepo ndi wabwino

Nyumba (158 m2) kuchokera ku bar. Ntchito yomangamanga imakhazikitsidwa pamfundo yophatikizira pakhoma la mtengo ndi chithovu cha polyeline.

Mbiri ya mawonekedwe osindikizidwa imapereka kulumikizana kodalirika komanso kwa Hermetic

Nyumba zokongoletsa - ntchito ya makamu a makamu. Pakati pa chipinda chochezera "poyatsira moto

Kupanga ma courcounds okwanira mu poyambira pakati pa mipiringidzo, polythyleneeneeneenee-New Belt Scottution ndi yokhazikika ndi yokhazikika ndi stapler

Mipiringidzo ya khoma imabzalidwa pazigawo zolumikizidwa ndi zitsulo zomwe zimakulira pomwe makhoma amangidwa. Pambuyo atagona korona womaliza, mipiringidzo imakopeka ndi wina ndi mnzake ndi mtedza

Maziko otsika-ambale otsika ndipo mbale yapansi ya nyumbayo imapangidwa pamtundu wa mkaka kuchokera ku konkriti yophika. Kutalika kwa maziko kuchokera pansi ndi 600mm. Maziko oterewa ndi ogwirizana ndi 200kg / m2

Pofuna kupewa kuyeretsa makoma a ma slabs, magesi atsopano, mipiringidzo imalimbikitsidwa ndi ma studi

Mawonekedwe owopsa ndi miyala yolumikizidwa kuchokera yopingasa yoyikiridwa. Mphamvu zawo ndizokwanira kuphatikiza matsegulidwe mpaka 10m, mpaka kulemera kwa mipando ndi anthu

Matandawo amakhazikika pamakoma ndikukhazikika ndi ngodya zachitsulo ndi zingwe, zomwe zimakonzedwa ndi kudzikonzera

Mafamu a padende adapangidwa kuti azigwira ntchito muitali. Ndizosavuta kuposa kukhwima kwambiri chifukwa kusokonezeka sikugwirizana nawo

Musanayambe kukhazikitsa, rafter kudutsa kuzungulira kwa makhomawo kumapangidwa yunifolomu ya mtedza wopondaponda. Pubreding zedl rods

Kugwa kwa denga kumayikidwa ndi kutumizidwa pambuyo poteteza nyumba kumvula. Musanaike matailosi a Braas, nyumbayo idagonja padenga losakhalitsa kuchokera kudera

Zida za pampu yamagetsi yamagetsi, thanki yowonjezera, yoteteza motchire-

Zingwe zazikulu za mapaipi achitsulo ndi zingwe zamagetsi m'manja a PVC zimapangidwa pa chitofu pansi pa pansi ndi pansi padenga

Mukamaliza kuyimitsa ndikukhazikitsa dongosolo la madzi, mawindo, zitseko, khonde lamatanda limayikidwa, ma faces amalekanitsidwa

Kontimira ya nyumbayo yayang'anizana ndi nthambi yakutsogolo ya "mwala wolimba mtima", womwe ukubzala guluu "UNI '. Kutsiriza ntchito kumapangidwa pa kutentha kwabwino komanso nyengo youma

Chingwe chamagetsi chomangira ma rosette ndi masinthidwe amapangidwa munjira yopanda zingwe

Mapaipi achitsulo opindika pamitengo yaing'ono amakhazikika ndi ma curs achitsulo

Wosanja wa kutentha ndi zida za mitu yake amayika mu khola logawika

Chipinda cha Bouler chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chipinda chogwirizira nyumba ziwiri: mlendo ndi mbuye. Udindo wa Ergonomic of Viessomann Boilers amathandizira opareshoni yawo

Mu vitrocell boleler, madzi amatentha nyumba ziwiri. Thumbi la membrane limapereka kukakamizidwa pafupipafupi m'dongosolo.

Mapeto ake amapezeka m'maluso angapo. Pambuyo polemba makoma ndi kapangidwe kamoto ndi kupera pakati pa iwo, mapenti omaliza a phula la zonona amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi burashi

Mawindo oyenda pamatabwa kunja amakongoletsedwa ndi mabande omwe amabisa mipata yobwezera ndi ma seams. Kulimba kwa mawindo kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa kukhazikitsa

Dongosolo Lapansi

Tekinoloje yomanga nyumba ya nkhuni imatha kusintha nthawi zonse. Chimodzi mwazinthu zamakono zothetsa zomwe zimaphatikizidwa m'munda wa mtengo ndi kufinya. Ripoti lathu limadzipereka kuntchito yomanga ndi mawonekedwe akunja a nyumbayo kuchokera ku bar, itatuwated pourerethane thovu. Makoma oyenda bwino amapangitsa kuti kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito nkhuni, kumathandizira kapangidwe kake.

Zopindulitsa zolimbitsa njinga

Misonkhano yanyumba imachitika nthawi yomweyo mozungulira nyumbayo ndi antchito awiri ndi atatu. Njira zokweza sizikugwira ntchito. Zipangizo zomanga sizisungidwa. Amabwerezedwa molingana ndi dongosololo ndipo nthawi yomweyo amapita ku Dellium zingakhale kuti opanga khoma amtengowo amatha kupereka? Kutulutsa chipika, utoto wamtchire, ubweya wa matabwa, cellulose, cellstyrene, oyendetsa ma polyade amaikidwa mu boardy zaka zana limodzi. Njira yokulitsa kukana kwa makhoma ndi kuphatikiza kutentha kwa kutentha ndikothandiza, wodalirika motero adazindikira padziko lonse lapansi. Komabe, mayankho atsopano amavomerezedwa m'derali la ukadaulo womanga.

Akatswiri anali ndi chidwi ndi katundu wa chithovu cha polyeli kuti akapange zida zokhazikika komanso zolimba pakaphatikizidwa ndi zinthu zina. Chithunzi chowoneka cha polyirethane chithovu chachitsulo chokhala ndi ziphuphu zakunja kuchokera ku polyethylene - moyo wawo wantchito ndi zaka zosachepera 50. Mfundo yomweyi ndi yochokera pa mitengo ya polyirethane (Bruus PPU), patent yomwe idapezeka ndi kampani "777diko". Zinthu zomanga izi zili ndi mphamvu ya matabwa obisika, koma amaposa izi Katundu ngati kutentha kukana ndi kutentha thupi. Zowoneka bwino zowoneka bwino ndi zolumikizira za mtengo ndi polyirethan zokhazikika muukadaulo wapamtima.

5cm Wamkulu wa Poldurethane, wokhala ndi mawonekedwe a 0.03-0.045w / (M2C), (M2C), imakhala ndi michere ya njerwa Waukazi mbale. Culani ya PPU ili ndi katundu wabwino komanso ukhondo, sizisokoneza mpweya wabwino, osalimbana, ndikukakamizidwa pang'ono (4,6 mp). Mwa kuchuluka kwa ntchito, nyumbayo inatuluka kuchokera pamalo otsika mtengo kuposa nyumba kuchokera ku chipika chozungulira kapena chotupa. Mwachitsanzo, nyumba ya 158m2 kuchokera pa 150180mm osayanjana ndi ma taile mu 2005. Makasitomala amatenga pafupifupi $ 78,000.

M'malo mwake, bar ya PPU ndi yovuta yolimba ya nkhuni zodzazidwa ndi chithovu cha chithovu ndi zotchinga zamatabwa, zomwe ndizofanana motalikirapo. Chiwerengero cha makulidwe athunthu a malo opangira nkhuni mpaka makulidwe a kutentha kwapakati pa pafupifupi 1: 5. Khoma makulidwe a matabwa ndi kuphikidwa kuwerengedwa mogwirizana ndi dera lomwe nyumbayo imamangidwa, komanso kuganizira cholinga cha makhoma. Zinthu zomangazi nthawi zambiri zimapangidwa kuti ziyike. Kwa makoma onyamula, matabwa amanjenjemera, chifukwa chogawana - zopyapyala komanso zosatalikirana. Zoyenera kuti makoma a pansi am'miyala akukumana ndi katundu wocheperako, makulidwe a nkhope za malo osungira pansi pamunsi pansi amachepetsedwa.

Kuwerengera kwa zigawo za mitengo ya PPU pa ntchito yomanga nyumbayo yomwe ili pamalo ophatikizika padziko lapansi kuti kutentha pamalowo kuyenera kukhala 21C.

Malo ogulitsira amadziwikanso kuti amasukira nyumba, zigawo zakunja zomwe zimapangidwa ndi plywood kapena chipboard, ndipo mawonekedwe amkati ndi thovu la polyurethane. Opanga osiyanasiyana amayesanso kupanga matabwa a PPU ndi makoma ocheperako, koma nkhaniyi ili ndi zovuta zowoneka bwino: malo ochepa okhudzana ndi mawonekedwe a zinthu zoyandikana ndi zinthu zolimba. Zotsatira zake, pali ma shractures owoneka bwino opindika komanso kulumikizana kwa seams.

Makoma akunja ndi mkati mwa mitengo ya PPU imachitidwa kuchokera ku mitengo yaziwawa yopanda zigawenga (spruce ndi pine). Zosankha za makoma awiri olumala kapena kupanga matabwa ambiri ndizotheka. Mbali yakunja ya Bruusyev, mogwirizana ndi kasitomala, ikhoza kupangidwa chithunzi (chozungulira, chophatikizidwa, chomwe chili ngati icho. Magawo a matabwa amasungidwa

Chipindacho mpaka chinyezi chimachepetsedwa mpaka 10-12%. Kenako, mothandizidwa ndi guluu wa polurethane, "kutseka" (Germany), matope ambiri amapangidwa ndi iwo (a, b). Pambuyo pake, ntchito yogwira ntchito ku Compopspop, komwe makina oletsedwa amadzaza thovu la polyuretherethane. Bwinobwino, chikho chimakomera mtengo wowuma wa voliyumu yomwe yatchulidwa,

ophatikizidwa ndi makoma. Kenako, zolembedwazo zimakonzedwa ndiukadaulo womwewo ndi wopaka wokhotakhota. Amayendetsa mu mbale, pomwe mbali yam'mwamba imalandira mawonekedwe a mbiri, monga momwe zimafananira ndi zogulitsa zomwe zasankhidwa m'mabala pansipa. Makomawo amalekanitsidwa pamakinawo ndi ukhondo womwe sufuna kukuperana kotsatira. Node i.

Chotsani kunyumba yamtsogolo aphedwa pazida zoyenera kupanga malo opangira mbewu (b). Zinthu zomalizidwa zimaperekedwa kuti ziziyenda kupita ku chinthu ndi mayendedwe ataliatali (g). Kutumiza kwa mipiringidzo kwa kasitomala wokhala ndi zokongoletsera zokongoletsera pafakitale siyosatekesedwe.

Zolengedwa Zolengedwa Zazizindikiro Zazikulu Zazikulu Za Mafuta Azigawo Zomanga (Malinga ndi "777 D ndi k")

Khalidwe	Ophatikizidwa ndi bar	Bar ppu	Njerwa yogwira	Makina azosangalatsa
Zogwirizana ndi kutentha kukuthandizani *,W / (M2C)	0.86	0.26.	0.48.	0.43
Kutentha mphamvu **, kwh / m2	0.046 ndi TSR = 1C	2.07	1,8.	0.88.
* - Zocheperako Kusamutsira Kutentha kwanu, kusunga ndalama zambiri. Malinga ndi miyezo yaku Europe, mtengo wa suyenera kukhala wosaposa 0,5. Ngati izi sizikuchitidwa, zowonjezera zowonjezera za khoma ndikofunikira; ** - Kuterera kutentha ndikokulira, kuchuluka kwa kachulukidwe kakang'ono kwambiri (kg / m2) kapangidwe kake ndi kutentha kutentha pakati pa khoma ndi mpweya. M'badwo wa tsikulo khoma limasonkhana kutentha ndikuupatsa madzulo ndi usiku kudutsa mpweya wozizira. M'nyengo yozizira, munthawi yotentha, makomawo amadzaza kutentha, ndipo zikazimitsidwa, kumakhala kotentha mlengalenga. Zambiri patebulo zikuwonetsedwa nthawi yachisanu ku malo a Moscow.

Makhoma ochokera ku Matater a PPU pazosiyanasiyana za matitititures (PPU-70mm)

Palamu	Tawuni
Moka	Krasnodar	Oymyakon
Chiwerengero cha masiku pachaka pamatenthedwe osaposa 8c	214.	149.	286.
Kutentha kwapachaka, ndi	-3,1	+2.	-24.3
Kuwerengera Kusanja Kusanthula R, M2S / W	3,21	2.39	5,92
Mtengo weniweni wa r kwa ppu bar, M2C / W	3,86.	Ofanana	Ofanana
Kuwerengetsa kusanjikiza makulidwe a PPU, mm	56.6	38.6	116.
Makulidwe athunthu akuyang'ana kuchokera ku mitengo, mm	Pansi: 100 + 100, 2 Ndipo pamwambapa: 38 + 38	Ofanana	Ofanana

Kusunga kodetsedwa ndi koyenera komanso kulikonse

Wolemba mizere imeneyi adawonedwa kuti apangidwire nyumba kuchokera ku bar la ph Pu 158m2 kuyambira nthawi yosungira maziko ndi ma mbilo. Kuthekera koyerekeza, chifukwa pamalo omwewo, nyumba yochokera matabwa ogwidwa imamangidwa. Makasitomala olemera adalola kuti aziyesa: Nyumba Ya alendo, adasankha kumanga kuchokera ku khonde la PPU, ndipo chifukwa cha kukhala kwawo kwa adasankha kupanga mafiniki. Maziko a nyumbayo kuchokera ku bala yoyatsidwa ndi pansi idamangidwa motalikirapo lamba wochepa kwambiri kuposa malo ocheperako komanso mbale yamphamvu ya nyama yamphamvu idayamba pambuyo pake, pomwe Mvula yophukira inali kupeza. Mukayamba kutulutsa makoma a nyumba ya Master adapanga alendo, ntchitoyo idadulidwa kale pansi padenga. Nyumbayo yochokera ku mipiringidzo imamalizidwa kokha pongoyambira pa nthawi yachilimwe, pomwe banja la kasitomala linali litakhala kale m'nyumba kuchokera kunkhondo. Malinga ndi ndemanga za mwiniwakeyo, nyumbayo ili yowuma komanso yotentha, imakhala yabwino, ana ndi anthu okalamba sapweteka.

Komabe, pa chilichonse mwadongosolo. Monga mwachizolowezi, njirayi idayamba ndi zinthu zapamwamba. Makina Omanga Chifukwa cha izi sanafunikire, kupatula makina obowola, omwe akatswiri omwe amalowa m'madzi mosavuta mpaka 25m. Mphepete mwa chitsime ndi pampu yokhala ndi magetsi idayikidwa mu caisson kukhala pansi. Kutali kwa 30m kuchokera pamenepo, kumbali yakumaso kwa nyumba yamtsogolo, a Septic Tank "Osina" adanjenjemera ndikupanga eyelid kunyumba ya mapaipi a PVC. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumatha kuweruzidwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa masoka awiri, zophimba zomwe zimakhazikitsidwa pansi. Kenako adayamba kuwonongeka kwa ngalande, kukhwima kwa mphamvu, kuponyera makoma a maziko ndi mbale yapansi ya nyumbayo. Palibe chatsopano kuti muwonjezere pantchito yomanga nyumba kuchokera ku mitengo ndi bar ya zofalitsa zapitazo ponena za nyumba pano. Njirayi idabwerezedwa mobwerezabwereza mwatsatanetsatane, pambuyo pake, konkriti idakonzedwa m'malo mwake, osakanizira pang'ono ndi magetsi. Gwero lamagetsi limakhala ngati seneretor Symo (France), nyali zoyaka zidadyedwanso. Chifukwa chake mu kapangidwe ka maziko kunalibe mathira, kugwirira ntchito sabata kumachitika m'mayendedwe atatu.

Pomwe simenti yozizira, zomangira zimaperekedwa kumalo omanga. Unyinji wa pput ya ppu ndi pafupifupi 30 (!) Makilogalamu, motero crane yotsitsa antchito sanafunike. Ngolo yoyamba idatsitsidwa mkati mwa ola limodzi. Misonkhano yonse imagwira ntchito yopangidwa ndi khadi yaukadaulo. Mipiringidzo ya manambala idasonkhanitsidwa m'njira yomwe yatchulidwa mu chikalatachi, mwanjira yomweyo monga zomwe zidachitidwa kumalo omanga nyumba kuchokera kuru. Kusintha kwake kunali koti apange ukadaulo.

VOTCHCHYCHI kuchokera ku mipiringidzo yamphamvu, yomwe imalumikizidwa ndi brazirs, imalimbikitsidwa kapena osalimbikitsidwa konse, mipiringidzo ya PPU idakhala pamtunda wautali, womwe umawuma m'maenjewo m'malo mwake. Ma studio adayikidwa kumapeto kwa mipiringidzo yakumanja ndi kutalika kwawo konse mu gawo 2.5m. Ndembeyo ikasowa, anali kukulira ndi compling yolumikizidwa. Makoma akangofika pamtunda wofunikira wa 2.7 m, zingwe zachitsulo zimagwira ntchito pa Studis, m'mphepete mwake zomwe zimakhazikitsidwa pamakoma a mipiringidzo, ndipo mtedza womwe umapangidwa ndi zotsekera. Chingwecho chimasindikiza mipiringidzo mozungulira kuzungulira kwa makoma, kupereka yunifolomu. Kulimbikitsidwa kwa mtedza komwe kunapangidwa kangapo monga kukhazikitsa mafamu amoto ndi kupitilizidwa. Ndipo malekezero a masitolo adayikidwa ndi hacksaw.

Kukhazikitsa makoma kunachitika ndi ogwira ntchito atatu nthawi imodzi m'malo osiyanasiyana a nyumbayo. Unyinji wa Bars Ppu 150180mm adawalola kukhazikitsa okha. Kugawanika kogawana pafupi ndi bar yonse kunayala chingwe chosokoneza - cholunjika polyethylene ndi makulidwe a 5mm. Izi zimapangitsa gawo kukhala losindikizidwa. Pali njira yokhazikitsa mipiringidzo popanda kuperewera. Kuti muchite izi, pa lamelolas of Polyurethane thovu pamakina, kuchuluka (5mm) kumachitika, komwe mukayika mipiringidzo imachita zigawenga.

Kudalira pamaziko a mitengo yolunjika pansi (40120mm) idalembedwa pogwiritsa ntchito ngodya zachitsulo ndi madontho. Mabodi akuda pansi adayika mipiringidzo yolumikizidwa ndi mitengo. Pakati pa zigawo ziwiri za Pergamine pamtunda, ubweya wogubuduza michere ku Ura (Finland) ndi 100mmm. Zipinda zoyera zimapangidwa ndi 35mm kuchokera ku T-sharged board. Mlandu wawo, adangophimbidwa ndi sinoum wapamwamba kwambiri. M'malo omwewo pomwe pansi pamafunika, matabwa amakopeka, malekezero awo amakongoleredwa pamiyala pansi ndi zomangira, pambuyo pake iwo amapukutidwa ndipo amangidwa.

Kutsika pamiyala yamiyala yamiyala yomaliza ya denga (100150mm) yotetezedwa ndi ngodya zachitsulo ndi zomangira. Pakupita patsogolo, mabodi a denga a pansi amaika matanda, mipiringidzo yokhotakhota yomwe idawakhomera. Chiwerengero cha kusokonekera mu ozizira padenga chimatengera ngati chapamwamba chidzakhala chofunda kapena chozizira. Makasitomala sanafune kukonzekera chipinda chapamwamba, chifukwa chake, kugundana ndi zigawo ziwiri za ubweya wa ubweya wa michere ndi makulidwe a 150mm ndi nthunzi kuchokera ku Pergantine kuchokera pansipa. Pabwalo lokongoletsa limangopangidwa pansi, pamwamba pomwe panali makwerero oyendetsa anthu.

Mafamu Opanda Matande Osonkhanitsidwa Padziko Lapansi kuchokera ku zinthu zopangira fakitale (zopangidwa kuchokera pa bolodi 40150mmm), pamalingaliro okhazikika, olimbikitsidwa ndikuvala korona womaliza pamanja. Mwa mafamu adalumikizana ndi zipolopolo ndikuphatikizidwa ndi maziko ndi ngodya zachitsulo ndi zomangira. Makasitomala amafuna kuphimba padenga la oyimitsa mwachilengedwe a Braas (Germany). Mchenjera pansi pake unagogoda pa tekinoloje yovomerezeka ndi wopanga. Kuchita chiwembu kunagwiritsidwa ntchito paphwando. Izi, ngakhale zili mwamakhalidwe komanso zakale, ndizodziwika bwino pantchito chifukwa chotsika mtengo. Pamtunda womwewo, komwe anthu sakhala moyo, palibe chifukwa chogwiritsira ntchito zodula kwambiri. Kumwera kwa boilers kunabweretsa khoma, ndipo mpweya wabwino komanso wosoka uli padenga kudzera mu malo ovala magwiridwe antchito.

Pambuyo pa malekezerowo atamalizidwa, madera a mabedibodi (12mm) adayikidwa ndikuyika ma skerms amtundu wamadzi. Kuzungulira nyumbayo kunayamba kutsika kwa konkriti mu 1m. Pansi pa nyumbayo adayang'aniridwa ndi mawonekedwe a mawonekedwe akutsatira mwala wachilengedwe. Pamalo khonde losakhalitsa, lokhazikika, ndi masitepe opangira matabwa komanso denga. Yomwe ili pansi pa nyumba ya kavalo yokhazikitsidwa ndi khomo. Tekinoloje ya kuyika kwawo imayamba kuwerengera pang'ono makoma, kotero zenera lazenera ndi mabokosi olimbikitsidwa pazinthu zotsekera zomwe ndi gawo la malekezero a Brusev. Windows ndi zitseko pamenepa ndi matabwa, kupanga nyumba. Mabodi a zenera awiriwa ali ndi kutentha kwambiri, zoyenerera zamakono zimakupatsani mwayi wotsegula mafelemu mu chitsogozo chopingasa komanso chopindika. Zovala zam'madzi zam'madzi za mkati 40mm zimapakidwa utoto wosankhidwa. Khoma la nyumbayo kuchokera mkati ndi kunja kwa zida zotetezedwa ndi moto "(" Sezhengskaya Hll ", pambuyo pake ukadaulo wapadera) adayikidwa pa burashi ndi awiri- Zochita zomwe zimayambitsa zobereka za zobel (Germany) ndi pogaya.

Pansi pa pansi pa pansi panthaka m'nyumba idayamba kuyika mayanjano. Kulowetsa mapaipi ndi zingwe zomwe zimachitika kudzera kutsegulidwa kamodzi konkriti kwa kukonzanso kwa kukonzanso. Kuwombera kwa ma radiators ndipo kwa zida zokutira zidapangidwa ndi mafuta a mafuta (germany) mbale yachitsulo pansi. Magetsi ojambula pamagetsi adapangidwa mumisinkhu wazitsulo mu denga lofika. Eyelilniner kuti zisudzo ndi zisinthe zidachitika m'njira yotseguka mu njira zokhazikika.

Pofunsidwa kwa kasitomala mu malo anyumba ya nyumba kuti alendo akhale ndi chipinda cha bouler, komwe linalo, zidendene zaonse nyumba. Pazifukwa zotetezera moto, makoma a mitengo ya boilen chipinda cha boiler adayesedwa ndi Kniauf (Russia) yolumikizidwa ndi zitsulo zosuntha. Idayikidwa mwamphamvu kwambiri (ziwiri mpaka 18 KW) Gailers boola 100 (viessmann, Germany) wokhala ndi chotenthetsera chamadzi (owonera) Mafuta adachitidwa pasadakhale. Komanso mu chipinda cha bolailer chipinda chonyamula zida zamadzi ndi kuyeretsedwa kwamadzi.

Mutha kukhala modzichepetsa, koma zokongola komanso zokoma

Ngakhale nyumba ya alendo idaphatikizidwa ngati kapangidwe kaanthu kazinthu za banja linanso: khosi lalitali, chipinda chakhitchi, bafa, garaja, boalanda, boalat. Chipatala, pamakonzedwe oyamba a chidwi chochuluka malinga ndi kapangidwe ka kapangidwe kake, sanaganize. Chifukwa chake, kampani yomanga inkafunanso kupita kunyumba ina kuchokera ku Bruus PPU, kwa zaka ziwiri zogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi banja la achichepere ngati kanyumba kanyumba.

M'mudzi wa m'mudzimo, m'mphepete mwa dziwe lalikulu, limawoneka bwino m'malo mwa munda wa zipatso. Nyumbayo yokha ndi yaying'ono, koma ndi intuc. Palibe chipinda cha boiler. Nyumbayo imawomboliridwa ndi ma convertical anayi madiemens (Germany) ndi mphamvu yonse ya 4kw. Komabe, pa kutentha kwa -25c, kumakhala kotentha, ngati m'nyumba yamizinda. Malo oyaka moto amakonzedwa, omwe nthawi yachisanu amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chida china chotenthetsera.

Okhawo iwo omwe anali akuchita kapangidwe kake, yemwe ali ndi lingaliro lomveka bwino la nyumba yomwe iyenera kukhala: osati yayikulu kwambiri, koma yabwino komanso yabwino. Chifukwa chake, mkati mwa chipinda chodyeramo, malo oyatsira moto adamangidwa mu mawonekedwe a "mabisi" omwe adayima mofatsa amayiwo ndikuganizira. Pansi pa dzanja, zowongolera za nyimbo ndi TV. Mfumukazi ndi malo okwanira masewera a ana onse komanso banja lotukuka komanso phwando la akuluakulu. Kwa tchuthi m'malo odyera pali tebulo lalikulu, lotsatiridwa ndi khumi ndi awiri. Kumira, chitofu, mipando yakhitchini ndi yaying'ono ndipo ndi kuwerengera kotero kuti eni ake akhoza kuphika, kupitiliza kulankhulana ndi alendo. Za zokonda za mutu wa mutu wabanjali zimafanana ndi nyanga zaova pakhoma la chipinda chodyera ndi pakhomo.

Bordeder Border kuchipinda cha eni ake. Matabwa oyenda pamatabwa amatsogolera ku chipinda chachiwiri. Nawa ana ndi laibulale yaying'ono, yomwe, ngati kuli kotheka, mutha kupuma pantchito ndi laputopu ndi ntchito. Kuluka kwa tsikulo m'nyumba kumakhala kopepuka. Makatani "owala" amateteza mwayi wochokera kudzuwa mwachindunji ndikubwezeretsera dzina, koma limakwaniritsidwa ndi mtima, kukhalamo momwe ndiosavuta komanso osangalatsa.

Eni ake amayamika omangawo ndipo amanyadira ndi chuma chawo chaching'ono komanso chokongola.

Kuwerengera kwa mtengo wa ntchito ndi zida pakumanga malo osungirako 158m2

Dzina la Ntchito	Mayunitsi. kusintha	Chiwerengero cha	Mtengo, $	Mtengo, $
Ntchito Zakhazikitsidwa
Amatenga nkhwangwa, makonzedwe, chitukuko ndi kupumula	m3.	64.	khumi zisanu ndi zitatu	1152.
Chipangizo cha maziko, zosafunikira	m2.	175.	zisanu ndi zitatu	1400.
Kukonzekera matope a Conner	m3.	49.	fifitini	735.
Chipangizo cha maziko a ritibon adalimbikitsa konkriti, monolithic w / b mbale	m3.	49.	60.	2940.
Chenjezo lofananira	m2.	86.	3.	258.
Zonse	6490.
Zogwiritsidwa ntchito pagawo
Simenti, mchenga	konza	-	-	1290.
Mwala wosweka granitis	m3.	22.	28.	616.
Tumimaus Polymer Mastic, hydrohotellol	m2.	86.	2.8.	240.8.
Mabwalo, woluka waya, matabwa, etc.	konza	chimodzi	360.	360.
Zonse	2510.
Makoma, magawo, zokutira
Kukhazikitsa ndi Kukhumudwitsa kwa Scaffold	m2.	120.	3,4.	408.
Nduna ya makoma kuchokera ku bar ppu	m3.	48.	95.	4560.
Anatentha makoma a makoma osenda	m2.	158.	12	1896.
Chipangizo cha Gulu	m2.	158.	10	1580.
Kuphimba kwamitundu ndi ma varnish, osagwirizana	m2.	690.	zinai	2760.
Zonse	11200.
Zogwiritsidwa ntchito pagawo
Bar PPU, "Teplon", shroed, yotamatira	konza	-	-	23460.
Mabotolo a Poland	m2.	158.	7.	1106.
Sawn matabwa	m3.	zisanu ndi zinai	120.	1080.
Kuteteza (Russia), Lucky, Kusachedwa (Germany)	konza	-	-	350.
Kuthamanga ndi zinthu zina	konza	-	-	240.
Zonse	26240.
Chida chodetsa
Kukhazikitsa kwa kapangidwe ka kachapu	m2.	248.	zisanu ndi zinai	2232.
Chipangizo cha caporizolation	m2.	248.	3.	744.
Chida cha Tile	m2.	248.	zisanu ndi zitatu	1440.
Matenda a ma eafutions, ma soles, chipangizo cha madera akutsogolo	m2.	39.	12	468.
Zonse	4880.
Zogwiritsidwa ntchito pagawo
Simenti tile broas	m2.	248.	29.	7192.
Sawn matabwa	m3.	zisanu ndi zinai	120.	1080.
Perganiyi	m2.	248.	0.4.	99.
Zonse	8370.
Lembani zofunda
Kutulutsa zokutira ndi zowonjezera	m2.	406.	2.	812.
Kudzaza mawindo ndi chitseko	m2.	28.	35.	980.
Zonse	1790.
Zogwiritsidwa ntchito pagawo
Mchere wat ursa.	m2.	406.	3.	1218.
Mabwato oyenda pamatabwa	m2.	12	72.	864.
Chitseko	PC.	zisanu ndi zitatu	-	940.
Zonse	3020.
Makina Opanga
Chipangizo cha madzi (chabwino)	konza	-	-	2200.
Kukhazikitsa kwa dongosolo la chimbudzi (Septic)	konza	-	-	3400.
Ntchito Yamagetsi	konza	-	-	4200.
Ntchito Yogwira Ntchito	konza	-	-	3140.
Zonse	12940.
Zogwiritsidwa ntchito pagawo
Spendang ... Osin "	konza	chimodzi	-	6300.
Gasi boiler viessmann.	konza	2.	-	3800.
Mankhwala othandizira madzi	konza	chimodzi	-	690.
Zida zamagetsi ndi zamagetsi	konza	chimodzi	-	3900.
Zonse	14690.
Mtengo wonse wa ntchito	37300
Mtengo wonse wa zida	54800.
Zonse	92100.

Otsatsa zikomo pakampani "777 D ndi CO." chifukwa chopanga kujambula ndi kuthandiza pokonzekera nkhaniyo.