Zipangizo zamadzi zopezeka pachitsime - njira zosankha, mitundu, kukhazikitsa mapampu ophuka, mfundo zaokha za zochita ndi opaleshoni.
("Dzhelex") amalepheretsa kulowa mu pampu yayitali tinthu tating'ono tomwe timatha kuyamwa pampu
Mukamayang'ana mapampuni bwino pamatumba, akasinja a nkhokwe za madzi a masika ndi akasinja ena osaya amagwiritsa ntchito kukhazikitsa kwawo kopingasa. Pankhaniyi, pampuyo imalumikizidwa ndi ma clamps kumtunda.
Ngati pali ejector womangidwa, mapampu apamtunda amatha "kuyamwa" madzi kuchokera ku 7-9m
Zitsime za shaft zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mpanda wa madzi osapanikizika, zomwe zimachitika pakuya kwa 5-10m. Kuzama kwambiri kwadzidzidzicho, chitsime chitha kumangidwa, koma zitsime siziloledwa, zitsime zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Kusankha zida kuti madzi opezeka bwino amachepetsa kutsimikiza magawo a pampu, malo ake ndikusankhidwa kwa zinthu zofunika. Kuti mupange chisankho choyenera chomwe muyenera kuyankha mafunso otsatirawa:
Zolinga ndi zolinga za madzi: kuthirira dimba, zosowa zina zaukadaulo;
Magawo oyera: Kutali kwambiri ndi madzi, madzi akuya, kuya kwa madzi pachitsime, owerengedwa bwino, kutali ndi dzanja lako;
Kodi kaponi akuyenera kukhala chiyani;
Kukakamizidwa ndi kophatikiza kuyenera kupereka pampu;
Kaya ntchito kapena chaka chozungulira chitsime chakonzedwa.
Nthawi zambiri, madzi amalimbikitsidwa chifukwa cha "zolinga zosakhalitsa": kuthirira dimba ndi dimba, makina ochapira, ntchito zomanga. Pakalibe zofuna zankhanza zogwirira ntchito ndikubwereza, mutha kuchita ndi pampu yofatsa ("mwana", "Dachnik" kapena ngati). Kugwiritsa ntchito zida nyengo kwanyengo kumakupatsani mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito ntchito yake. Madontho ambiri m'malo mwa chitoliro chamadzi amawononga payipi, malekezero omwe amalumikizana ndi pampu, ndipo winayo amamizidwa mu thanki yosungira madzi. Inde, mikhalidwe yotereyi singakonde aliyense. Ngati akuyenera kugwiritsa ntchito bwino ngati gwero lokhala ndi magetsi okwanira padziko lonse lapansi, ndikofunikira kufikira zida zosankha bwino.
Kuchokera pakubweza
Kugwiritsa ntchito kampu kumatsimikiziridwa kutengera kumwa madzi ambiri pogwiritsa ntchito "mfundo zoyatsira madzi" zonse. Nyumba zokopa, zitha kukhala zakutchire kukhitchini komanso m'bafa, kusamba, kukhazikitsa kuthirira dimba kapena dimba. Kuti muwerenge magwiridwe ampofu, imakwanira kuwiritsa kumwa madzi zida zonse zomwe zimaphatikizidwa nthawi imodzi. Mwachitsanzo, kwa moyo wabwino, mapiko amadzi ayenera "kutulutsa" madzi amadzi pa ola limodzi, ndipo mapepu a mapampi a nyumba zazing'ono azikhala 2-4m3 / h. Dziwani kuti phindu ili silitanthauza kuti pampuyo ikufuna mita khumi ndi madzi tsiku lililonse - izi sizofunikira kwa aliyense, ndipo chitsime sichokafuna kuti azitha kulipira. Ndikofunikira kuti pampuyi iwonetsere momwe ntchito ingakhalire pamaola ena okhazikika, pomwe anthu okhala mu nyumbayo nthawi yomweyo amayamba kuphika chakudya, kusamba ndi kuthirira m'mundamo. Ngati ma pampu ikakhala yotsika kuposa kuwerengeredwa, mavuto ambiri osiyanasiyana amatha kuchitika. Classic Clas: Mwiniwake amagwiritsa ntchito kusamba ndi chotenthetsera chamadzi, makina ochapira amayatsidwa m'chipinda choyandikana nalo, madzi opereka chitsime chimachepa, ndipo munthuyo akulira ndi madzi otentha.Kupanikizika kwa pampu (pasipoti yazomwe zimawonetsedwa mu mita) ziyenera kukhala zotere kuti zitsimikizike:
Mutu womwe ukuyenera kupangidwa pa ogula (iyenera kukhala osachepera 2 bar kapena 20m, apo ayi kugwiritsa ntchito kupezeka kwa madzi sikungakhale kovuta, ndipo zida zapakhomo zidapangidwa kuti chisonyezo chotere);
Kuthirira madzi kukhala okwera m'madzi pachitsime kumtunda kwa mankhwalawa m'nyumba;
Kuthana ndi kukana pomwe madzi amasunthira pa mapaipi (otsimikizika ndi tebulo lotchulidwa).
Atamvetsetsa ndi magawo ampu, muyenera kusankha mtundu wake. Zida zophatikizika ndi zapamwamba zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popereka madzi pachitsime. Kunena mitundu iyi ili ndi zabwino zake ndi mapulogalamu okonda.
Kutaya Madzi Kutaya Mapaipi
| Kumwa madzi, m3 / h | Kuchuluka kwa madzi otayika | Mapaipi a Polymer ** | Ma tubule achitsulo *** | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 25. | 32. | 40. | 1/2 | 3/4 | chimodzi | ||
| 0,6 | chimodzi | 1,8. | 0,66 | 0.27. | 9,91 | 2.407 | 0,784. |
| 1,2 | 2. | 6,4. | 2,2 | 0,9 | 33.53. | 8,035 | 2,588. |
| 1,8. | 3. | 13 | 4.6 | 1.9 | 69,34. | 16.5 | 5,277 |
| 2,4. | zinai | 22. | 7.5 | 3,3. | 27,66. | 8,82. | |
| 3.0 | zisanu | 37. | khumi chimodzi | 4.8. | 41,4. | 13,14 | |
| 3.6 | 6. | 43. | fifitini | 6.5 | 57.74 | 18,28 | |
| 4,2 | 7. | fifite | khumi zisanu ndi zitatu | zisanu ndi zitatu | 76,49. | 24,18 | |
| 4.8. | zisanu ndi zitatu | 25. | 10.5 | 30.87. | |||
| 6.0 | 10 | 39. | khumi ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi | 46.49. | |||
| Bondo pansi pa 90, zotchinga zotsekera | chimodzi | chimodzi | 1,1 | ||||
| Tees, fufuzani mavavu | zinai | zinai | zinai | ||||
| * - Manambalawa akuwonetsa kuti pion itayita mita m'miyala pafupifupi 100m. Zowonongeka zamawondo m'mabondo, mavesi otsekeka, zotsekemera ndikuwona kutalika kwa chitoliro cha chitoliro cholunjika (m'miyala) chalembedwera m'mizere iwiri ya patebulo; ** - Weemeni ya mwadzina, mm; *** - m'mimba mwake, mainchesi |
Pampu yopambana
Zipangizozi zinali zofala chifukwa cha zifukwa zosiyanasiyana. Amapezeka kunja kwa kasupe wamadzi ndipo nthawi zambiri amatha kukweza madzi kuchokera kuzama kwa 7-9m (wotchedwa mayamwidwe owoneka bwino). Pampu yapamwamba imasiyanitsidwa ndi mtengo wotsika (30-50% wotsika kuposa zida zophatikizika ndi magwiridwe ofananawo), komanso kuperewera kwa ntchito. Kuphatikiza milandu, pampu yotereyi imatha kuyikidwa mwachindunji mkati mwa nyumbayo, ngati kuli kofunikira, zimakhala zosavuta, zimakhala zosavuta kuwunika chipangizocho ndikukonzanso.Mapampu odzikongoletsera okha amaphatikizapo kutalika kochepa. Ndikotheka kuzigwiritsa ntchito pokhapokha ngati kuchuluka kwa kutaya kwapakatikati (kuchokera kumadzi kumadzi kuti mulowetse chipangizocho) ndipo kutalika kwa chitoliro cha chipambuwa sichikudutsa mtengo wa woyamwa. Mosiyana ndi izi, mtundu wophatikizika udzakhala ndi kapena umakonda, kapena kusintha ntchito "- kuti muwonjezere mainchesi a pampu, osasintha pamtunda, komanso Kukula kwapadera pafupi ndi chitsime; koma ndikofunikira kuthetsa nkhani zokhudzana ndi kuteteza kwa pampu ndi pa mapaipi kuchokera kuzizira kwozizira).
Mapampu odzikonda kwambiri pamadzi apakhomo amapangidwa ndi makampani onse omwe amapangidwa ndi kupanga zida zopondaponda. Caldea, Nocchi, gulu-timu zisanu ndi chimodzi, Nocchi, gulu-timu zisanu ndi chimodzi (ku Denwaly), a Germany), Epan), Djleks (Russia). Mzere umapezeka ngati zida zolekanira ndi njira zokwanira zamadzi zokha, zopondaponda miyala yaying'ono. Amakhala ogwiritsa ntchito momasuka ndi kupezeka kwamadzi, kumangokhalira kumangokakamizidwa m'malire omwe ali, mosatengera kuchuluka kwa kumwa madzi kapena mtundu wa gwero. Zipangizo zimaperekedwa ndi ma hydroacchumulators ndi kukakamiza kusintha mogwirizana, kulola kuti apatsidwe chithandizo chamadzi, komanso kupezeka kwina kwa madzi pakagwa mphamvu yadzidzidzi. Ngati mukufuna, malo opofuka amatha kusungidwa modziyimira pawokha, zida za fakitaleyo zimachotsa mwayi wosatsutsika. Mbali yolimba, kukhazikitsa izi kuli ndi akasinja a Hydro-adcumula a voliyumu yaying'ono (nthawi zambiri samapitilira malita 24), ndipo sikoyenera kupulumutsa pathanki.
Malo opezeka pamadzi kutengera mapampu odzikongoletsera
| Maliko. | Kupanga | Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kwambiri, KW | Madzi okwanira (kugwiritsa ntchito), m3 / h * | Kukakamizidwa kwakukulu, m * | Voliyumu ya tank, l | Mtengo, $ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CTM 61/8. | Kaputala. | 0.33 | 2,3. | 41. | zisanu ndi zitatu | 138. |
| "Jumbo 60/45" | "Dzhelex" | 1,1 | 3.6 | 45. | 24. | 160. |
| Cam 40-22. | Speroni. | 0.75 | 3.9 | 40. | 22. | 163. |
| Wp 45/43. | Nocchi. | 0,6 | 2,1 | 35. | 24. | 186. |
| Jexm 100-24. | Ebara. | 1,3 | 4,4. | 45. | 24. | 240. |
| NWJ. | Wilo. | 1,4. | Mpaka 5. | Mpaka 43. | 20, 50. | 296. |
| Jewn. | Salmsson (France) | 1,4. | Mpaka 5. | Mpaka 43. | 20, 50. | 311. |
| STJ 120/60-Press | Timu zisanu ndi chimodzi | 1,2 | 4.5 | 52. | 60. | 328. |
| JP 5-50 | Grundfos. | 0.78. | 3,4. | 40. | fifite | 360. |
| * - Kuthamanga kwambiri komanso kukakamizidwa kwakukulu sikuphatikizidwa wina ndi mnzake; Madzi ambiri amatha kudyetsa pampu, kupanikizika kakang'ono kumapereka, ndipo m'malo mwake. |
Zowonjezera mapampu
Zipangizozi ziyenera kugwira ntchito, kumizidwa kwathunthu m'madzi (monga umboni ndi dzina lawo). Imagwiritsa ntchito bwino injini ndi madzi opukutidwa, kuti zikatembenuke popanda madzi, mapampu amatha kumvana ndi kulephera. Pa chiwopsezo chogwira ntchito "yowuma" iyenera kukumbukiridwa pokhazikitsa chipangizocho, chimapezeka mchitsime chake kuti chikhale pansi pa madzi ndi oscillations iliyonse. Kuteteza ku "stroke youma" imagwira ntchito molingana ndi zolinga zake, zomwe zidzafotokozedwera pansipa.Kuphatikiza mapampu abwino kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa nyumba zonyamula madzi kumadzi. Cholinga cha kutchuka kwa chida komanso kudalirika, kuphweka kwa kapangidwe kake, kotsika (poyerekeza ndi mitundu yosamizitsa mitundu ina). Amatha kukweza madzi kuchokera pansi kwambiri mpaka 70-100m. Wilo (tw5 / tw5-se), EBARA (IDRORO (Scuba), NAYIQUA (MXSKA), Ketga (Italy), Ma jleleks (vylexet mndandanda) ndi opanga ena.
Mapampu okhudzana kwambiri
Mitunduyi makamaka imakhala yotsika mtengo - pafupifupi $ 30-40. Kuchereza, alibe zabwino zina. Mapampu akunjenjemera amakhala ndi magwiridwe ochepa. Mwachitsanzo, chifukwa "khanda" ("Brevian Magetsi") Ndi 0.423m2 / F- Kukhala moyo "pa miyendo yayikulu" sikokwanira. Komabe, mapampu awa ndi abwino kwambiri ngati gwero lamadzi osakhalitsa m'masamba am'mimba. Madake ambiri amawagwiritsa ntchito kuti athetse "ntchito": pamphum madzi kuchokera kudzenje, kutsanulira mundawo. Pakumwa madzi akumwa nthawi zonse kuchokera pachitsime, mapampu ang'onoang'ono siwoyenera makamaka chifukwa kugwedezeka komwe iwo adapanga, amakwera pansi kapena madzi otsika.
Mapampu abwino amawerengedwa pamtengo wopaka madzi oyera. Ngakhale poyerekeza ndi zitsimezo, samakonda maphwando okhazikika omwe ali m'madzi, kuchuluka kwa tinthu timeneti sikuyenera kupitirira 100-150 g pa madzi a 1m3.
Mapu amtundu wa mtundu uwu amayimitsidwa pachingwe, kudutsa misozi pachikuto chapamwamba. Chingwe cha Chusi chiyenera kupangidwa ndi udindo wonse. Chowonadi ndi chakuti malire pakati pa madzi ndi mpweya ndi gawo la ngozi yayikulu kwambiri kuchokera pakuwoneka kwa kututa. Chingwe chazitsulo chazitsulo pamalowo chimagwera pambuyo pa zaka 3-4. Pakumangirira pampu, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito zingwe zoteteza, komanso zabwino za chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri. Pa chifukwa chomwechi, cholumikiza chipangizocho panja panja, ndikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mapaipi ndi chitetezo chokwanira chopondera, monga polymer.
Mukamagwira ntchito, pampu yotseka ayenera kukhala m'madzi nthawi zonse. Chifukwa chake, kuya mtima kuyenera kusankhidwa ndi ziwonetsero zina, kuti chipangizocho sichimangokhala pangozi ngati madzi mu chitsime chimachepa. Mapampu sayenera kumizidwa kwambiri. Zipangizo zambiri zimatsimikizira kuchepa kwapamwamba kwambiri. Tsopano, nthawi iyenera kukhala ndi popukutike bwino kwambiri mpaka pansi (ndipo makamaka motero) kuti dothi sililowa mkati.
Vuto la kuyamwa kwa madzi oyipitsa pansi amapereka WilO pakusintha kwa ma twil-se. Mpanda wamadzi pano ndi kupyola mphuno, yomwe, yokhala ndi payipi yosinthika, imalumikizidwa ndi yofananira. Zosefera chifukwa cha kuyandama nthawi zonse zimakhala pafupifupi matalikiti ochepa pansi, omwe amachotsa tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timayimitsa pampu. Pampuyi ndiyabwino kwa zitsime ndi am'madzi amchenga.
Kusankha zida zoyenera, muyenera kulabadira zinthu zomwe nyumba imapangidwa komanso yolimbikitsira. Mitundu yotsika mtengo komanso yolimba (tw5 / tw5-se kuchokera ku WilO, Idrogo kuchokera ku Ebara, MXS kuchokera ku Kaldeta) imagwiritsa ntchito chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri. Mitundu ya bajeti (sck 3g kuchokera ku speroni, Italy; Omega 12 ochokera ku Keeeen) nthawi zambiri imaperekedwa ndi ndege pulasitiki. Muyeneranso kufunsa ngati kusinthana kwa maluwa kumaphatikizidwa mu phukusi kapena iyenera kugulidwa mosiyana. Kabichi nthawi zambiri imakhala pa kabichi ya 10-20m yamagetsi (makamaka, yabwino) ndi valavu.
Zowonjezera mapampu
| Maliko. | Kupanga | Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kwambiri, KW | Madzi okwanira (kugwiritsa ntchito), m3 / h * | Kukakamizidwa kwakukulu, m * | Mtengo, $ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SCC 3G. | Speroni. | 1.0 | 6.0 | 32. | 190. |
| Omega 12 Audi. | Kuyerekezera. | 0.75 | 4.8. | 41. | 200. |
| "Vytomet 60/80" | "Dzhelex" | Palibe deta | 3.6 | 80. | 205. |
| Idrogo m40 / 08 | Ebara. | 0,9 | 4.8. | 48. | 330. |
| Scuba 2c7 cg l27 | OdalaA. | 1,2 | 4.5 | 58. | 343. |
| Pratika Audi. | Nocchi. | 1,2 | 6.0 | 45. | 390. |
| Tsatirani A7 Aut. | Wa. | 0.75 | 4,2 | 62. | 390. |
| MXSM 206. | Kaputala. | 0,9 | 4.5 | 69. | 530. |
| WilO-sub5 | Wilo. | 1,4. | 4.8. | 97. | 398. |
| * - Kuthamanga kwambiri komanso kukakamizidwa kwakukulu sikuphatikizidwa wina ndi mnzake; Madzi ambiri amatha kudyetsa pampu, kupanikizika kakang'ono kumapereka, ndipo m'malo mwake. |
Mapampu osokoneza bongo
Ndikotheka kugwiritsa ntchito kampu bwino pachitsime, koma ndizosatheka malinga ndi mtengo, ndi njira yofanana, imakhala pafupi kwambiri ngati chitsime chophatikizika. Koma nthawi zina, kugwiritsa ntchito pampu yopukutidwa. Chifukwa chake, zida za SQ, Sqefos (Grandfos) Phatikizani mindandanda yamitengo ya 210m (Grandfos) - mpaka 540m, TUS 4: mpaka 300M) - mpaka 300m.Kukhazikitsa mapampu ophuka pachitsime si kachinja mosiyana ndi kukhazikitsa mapampu osokoneza mitundu ina. Komabe, zida za gululi zimapangitsa kuti madzi akhale oyera. Ndi umboni, ndikofunikira kuti pampu sakhala pafupi kwambiri mpaka pansi. Chifukwa chake m'matumbo adachita kukhazikitsa kwawo kopingasa.
Ndi kukhazikitsa koyambirira, akatswiri amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito chivundikiro. Ndikofunikira kuteteza moto wamagetsi kuchokera pamchenga ndi madontho a dothi, komanso kuwonetsetsa kuti mukuyenda mota. Pulogalamu yokha iyenera kupezeka ndikugwiridwa ndi 0,5 m m'munsi mwa madzi ochepera.
Chalks amateteza
Mapu amtundu wamakono osokoneza bongo ndi kupondaponda maudindo potengera pampu wapansi nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa ndi zoteteza zokhazokha. Milandu yomweyo pogula chida, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti, ndipo pakalibe, kuti mugule (kapena kusunga chipangizocho ndi chiopsezo cha "thanzi").
Kuteteza ku "stroke yowuma" m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana, imangosinthanitsa ndi chipangizocho pomwe madzi madontho ali pansi pa zomwe zafotokozedwazo ndikusinthanso. Mtengo wazolowera pansi- $ 10-25.
Tank of Hydroaculating imagwiritsidwa ntchito popewa kupanikizika kosalekeza m'madzi. Imateteza pampu chifukwa cha zomwe amakonda kwambiri komanso zimateteza kuponderezedwa kuchokera ku lakuthwa kwa hydralialic. Magetsi atasiyidwa, akasinja okhwima amatha kukhala ngati madzi oyambira mwadzidzidzi. Hydroaculator ndi chidebe cha chitsulo kapena fiberglass, chodzaza ndi madzi, komanso mpweya pang'ono mokakamizidwa ndi 0.2-0.5 ATM. Kuposa kukula kwa tank ndi zochulukirapo. Komabe, mtengo umachulukana ndi kuchuluka kwa voliyumu (kotero, the baka ndi 20 malita adzawononga wogula pa $ 20-30, ndipo kwa zaka 200 pa $ 300-400).
Kukakamizidwa kubwereza kumapangitsa kuti pakhale pompopom. Imatembenuka pachida pomwe kupanikizika kumadoko mu hydroacculanulator kuli pansi pa malire ndikupukutira pomwe malire okhazikika amakwaniritsidwa. Mabatani apamwamba kwambiri amaphatikizanso kusungitsa magwiridwe antchito komanso njira zopumira. Mtengo wa kupanikizika ndi $ 10-30, gawo lokhalo ndi $ 60-70. Kumvera kusakhala ndi ntchito ya pampu ya pampu kumayenera kulamulidwa.
Pofuna kupewa kuthyolatu kwa dongosololi pomwe pampuyo yayimitsidwa, mapira amaperekedwa ndi valavu yoyang'ana. Mtengo wa valavu ndi pafupifupi $ 10.
Ndikofunikira kutchula chingwe chapunga. Chingwe ichi chimatha kupanga zolemba zopambana, mtengo wake wa njira yake amatha kusiyanasiyana $ 1 mpaka $ 5, ndipo njirayo imathamangitsidwa "osati" Palibe chimodzi. Komabe, sungani chingwe ndi kugwiritsa ntchito abba ndi waya uti womwe ndi woletsedwa. Chingwe chodyetsa chimayenera kukhala ndi zigawo ziwiri za zigawo ziwiri ndipo amasankhidwa pampu pamaziko owerengera magetsi omwe amapereka kwaluso. Mumlandu wachikondi, chingwecho chimafunikira chitetezo chodalirika kuwonongeka mwangozi (nyama, madambo amasungunuka .D.).
Board Board Canne 'Kuthirira Technology "," ma DJLES ", kuyimira makampani a Grundfos, Wilo yothandizira kukonzekeretsa zinthuzo.