Boansi - Luso la kupanga masamba amasamba. Mbiri ya chiyambi, masitaelo, zinthu zosamalira bwino, komanso tanthauzo la mawuwo.
Boanai ndiye njira yokongola komanso nzeru zachilengedwe mumtengo umodzi
Chithunzi cha thunthu ndi nthambi, malinga ndi azononi, ayenera kuwonekera bwino
Makina opyapyala nthawi zambiri amayambira masika
Bonyoi wa herbalbal
Wachibale wachinyamata. "Wamng'ono"
M'nyengo yozizira, Desiduaus Bonsai akuwonetsa kukongola kwa nthambi zaphokoso
Kummawa, kuthekera kwakukulitsa minigiaustious ma tebulo amawerengedwa kuti ndi apamwamba kwambiri a bonstaist
Juniper mu mawonekedwe a "mtengo wakufa". Chitsanzo cha omwe amatchedwa avant-Garm malangizo
Boanai ndiwokongola kwa azungu chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake, ndipo kwa aku Japan ndi nzeru zonse
Mitengo yokhotakhota ndi nthambi zimawonetsa kuti mitengo yamtengo wapatali ya moyo mwachilengedwe
Kuwongolera kwa nthambi za juniper kumakhazikitsidwa ndi waya
Bomai akuimira achinyamata (nthawi yamaluwa), kukhwima (fruction) ndi ukalamba (thunthu maliseche)
Makampani ofanana akhoza kugulidwa m'masitolo
Spruce waku Canada wamkulu mu mawonekedwe a "mwala wakukumbatira"
Pine ngati kuti ukukula kuchokera ku mwala waukulu
Zolipirira Kuchokera Ku Holly, Kalembedwe - "polokscad"
Mitengo yaying'ono mpaka 10-15 cm malekezero nthawi zambiri amawonetsedwa pazitsulo zapadera
Zipatso za pirale zimatha kugwira pachaka, kasupe zimayandikana ndi maluwa oyera
Miy pakati pa "Pezani mitengo yakale"
Nyengo ya Bonsai Bonstai
Grose kuchokera ku Kipaisovikov
Mapulo dnulnoid
Miyala, madzi ndi mitengo - njira yayikulu yokonza malo achi Japan
Ma ambuye a ku Japan amagwira mitengo mumsewu pamisewu
Madzi ochepa kapena nthambiM'malingaliro a chikondi cha mapiri ndi mitsinje yonse.
Madzi nthawi yomweyo mutha kupulumuka
Masakaramenti amasintha mosawerengeka.
Monga ngati zodabwitsa za wizard.
Ikenobook Sano. Kubwerera kubisa Bonsai adamasulira kwenikweni kwa Japan amatanthauza "chomera mu buluu". Amakhulupirira kuti luso la kulima ndipo kupangidwa kwa mabizinesi a zachilengedwe kunachokera ku IV-II zaka zambiri. Bc. ku China. Malinga ndi nthano imodzi ya nthano, "PAN-Tchimo" - Linadziwika kwambiri ku China, linali lotchuka kwambiri m'mizinda yayikulu, yolimba kwambiri, komwe adachitira malo aliwonse.
Bonsai adamasulira kwenikweni kwa Japan amatanthauza "chomera mu buluu". Amakhulupirira kuti luso la kulima ndipo kupangidwa kwa mabizinesi a zachilengedwe kunachokera ku IV-II zaka zambiri. Bc. ku China. Malinga ndi nthano imodzi ya nthano, "PAN-Tchimo" - Linadziwika kwambiri ku China, linali lotchuka kwambiri m'mizinda yayikulu, yolimba kwambiri, komwe adachitira malo aliwonse. Kugwetsa Kutha Kukula Mitengo M'mapulogalamuwa adabweretsa amonke aku China mu Middle Ages, limodzi ndi Buddha. Inali yoyamba kuwonekera mu vereverop kale mu xxv. Mawu akuti "Bonsai" mwa mawu a colloquial amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakhalidwe osiyanasiyana. Chifukwa chake amatchedwa Mtengowo, ndi agrotechnik wa kulima, ndi luso la kupanga miniyani kapena zolaula. Liwuli silikukonda ndipo lilibe nambala zingapo. Ambuye olimidwa a Bonyoi amatchedwa a Bonaiistists.
Komabe, palibe chomera chilichonse chobzalidwa mulawi chitha kutchedwa BonsAi. Pali a Canictons okhwima amawongolera chilichonse chomwe ndi cha luso ili: mawonekedwe a mbewu ndi magawo a mbewu ndi chotengera, njira zowonetsera, kuphatikiza mitundu ya mitundu. Zolola izi ndizokhazikika makamaka, ku China ndi maiko ena akum'mawa ndi aulere. Mitengo yaying'ono ikhoza kufananizidwa ndi chosema, ndi moyo komanso kukula. Bokosi laukadaulo, langwiro lili ndi mayina awo (mwachitsanzo, "kuwuluka kwa chinjoka m'mitambo").
VaEEEEEECINE Bonsai imatha kukulitsa mitundu yambiri ya mbewu. Zina mwazomwe siziri mitengo yokhayo, komanso zitsamba, zitsamba komanso mbewu zam'madzi. Mitengo yotchuka kwambiri ndi mitengo yokhazikika. Palibe kuchepa kwa mitundu ingapo ya mitundu ingapo, makamaka mbewu zokhala ndi masamba akulu kwambiri. Makalasi a Boalsic amaphatikizapo kutalika kwa mtengo kuyambira pa 30-40cm mpaka 1m, koma pali zizindikiro zazing'ono kwathunthu ndi 25-2 mpaka 10-15 cm.
Dziko ndi zovomerezeka
Banstai adachokera ku China, ndi mayiko onse oyandikana nawo ku Vietnam, Korea, Thailand, Japan, - atatenga zaluso, adamchotsa zikhalidwe zawo. Kugawa kwakukulu padziko lonse lapansi kunali bonsai wa ku Japan, wotchuka kwambiri ndi onse. Chikhalidwe cha vyagon chilipo malamulo okhwima cha chomerachokha, komanso kusankha chidebe ndi tebulo. Omwe ali ndi mitengo yonse yopanda ku Europe ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana pamutu wa masitayles a Japan. Kwa azungu, mtengo wokulidwa mu njira ya bonsai amakopa makamaka njira yake yakunja ndi mawonekedwe ake akunja, zaka. Uyaphon ndi malingaliro achi China kwa iye mwakuya, ndi njira yodzinenera, kumvetsetsa kwadziko lapansi.
Chomera chilichonse, malinga ndi mabotolo apamwamba achi Japan, ayenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira zingapo. Choyamba, khalani ndi mawonekedwe ofanana ndi achifumu wamba. Makona akona atatumira umodzi - thambo, dziko lapansi ndi ulusi wolumikizira, mtengo. Kachiwiri, nthambi ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa ndi tiir, osankhidwa bwino. Chachitatu, chingwe chilichonse sichikuyenda bwino kuchokera ku nthambi ndi masamba, koma malo olekanitsidwa ndi masamba omwe ali ndi mafuta onenepa kwambiri. Zosavomerezeka zimawoloka nthambi mu mitengo. Chosangalatsa, zoyeserera zonse za bonsai zimachitika chifukwa cha sayansi ya mbewu. Kuwoneka kwa korona kwa korona ndikofunikira kuti zitheke kuti zisadutse pansi. Nthambi zimayikidwa ndi tiitali kuti zitsimikizire kuti mpweya wabwino ndi utafika mbali zonse za mbewu yomwe mukufuna. Kukula kochokera ku malingaliro achilengedwe ndi malo oyang'anira ndi chinyezi chofunikira.
Chidebe (choponya) chikuyenera kuphatikizidwa ndi chomera chowoneka bwino, kukula, kapangidwe kake ndi utoto. Mukuwona kuya kwa chidebe ndi mbiya yolumikizira ndi yofanana ndi mbiya ya mbiya, ndipo kutalika (kapena kutalika kwazungulira) kuli kofanana ndi korona. Zomera zazing'ono zokhala ndi zigawo zosalala, chidebe chozungulira kapena cholowera chimasankhidwa, komanso mitengo yamphamvu yamphamvu, yamakona. Mitundu ya conrifer imabzala m'matumba a bulauni. Kuphukira kowala, kena kotheratu, m'malo mwake, mtundu. Monga lamulo, zombo izi zimapakidwa mumitundu yosiyanasiyana yachikasu, kirimu ndi buluu. Zitseko zambiri za ceramic zambiri sizingafanane ndi mbale zodulidwa ndi mwala wolimba. Zovala zamtengo wapatali kwambiri ndi ziweto zachi China zopezeka, monga lamulo, pa sitima yoluka. Ndege yathyathyathya ndi yokhazikika pakuya, mbewu monga iwo zimawoneka zolimba, mawonekedwe ngati amenewa amathandizira kupanga mizu ya Bonsai, imathandizira mizu yonyada. Miphika ya ku Inland Miphika imakula mitundu yopanda chinyezi (mwachitsanzo, sirt) kapena makope okhala ndi mafomu ongana.
Matebulo ambiri (pafupifupi 90%) adapangidwa kuti awonetse Boxaii amapangidwa kuchokera ku Santan (PTTokarPus Santalinus). Mtengo wake wowala wa lalanje wokhala ndi nthawi amabzala bulauni. Palinso magome ochokera ku mtengo wa ebony, quince of Chinese, mphesa, mapeyala. Iyenera kukhala bonda wopatsa chidwi kwambiri, ndizosangalatsa kwambiri patebulo pa iye. Mitengo yachichepere yokongola imakhala ndi mapiko owoneka bwino, "mpweya" wokhala ndi miyendo yotsika. Mitundu yapamwamba ndi yoyenera yophatikizira ndi kugwa kwa mbewu (masitaelo a Cascade ndi theka chikho). Ngati bonsai ili ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino opindika, ndibwino kusankha tebulo losemedwa kuchokera muzu gawo la mtengowo kapena kutsata. Zitsamba zimayikidwa pamtengo wam'matabwa zopangidwa ndi kumapeto.
Maloto oyenera ku Japacon, Chitchaise Bonsai okazinga komanso ocheperako. Pano musakakamize zofunikira zambiri chifukwa cha mbiya ndi korona. Ma mbale ndi matebulo amadzaza ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zokongoletsera ndikupaka utoto wowoneka bwino, pomwe ku Japan zinthu izi ndizoletsedwa kwambiri. Wkitai amapezekanso masukulu omwe alipo amalimbikitsa kulowerera kochepa kwa munthu pakukula kwa minianirashire. Palinso "chinyengo" chochuluka - mitengo imapatsa mawonekedwe a Hieroglyphs kapena nyama, monga mabayo.
Mu miyambo ya Vietnamese, kaduka ka "Mbewu" ndi yotchuka: mizu ya mtengowo ikukhala ndi mwala ndipo nthawi yomweyo imagwera m'madzi, kotero palibe nthaka mu chidebe. Boytai, ndi Vietnamese Bonslai akhoza kupezeka ndi ndodo, nyumba zadongo, ziwanda zokha, chithunzi cha Budder, pafupi ndi mtengo. Mtundu wa vympnomic kotero zokongoletsera zotere ndizosowa kwambiri.
Mabwalo amaganiziridwa pafupi ndi Bonsai ("Sui" - Madzi, "sekes) - Brokey) ndi BONKET (" mbewu pa mwala "). Suekes ndi zithunzi zophiphiritsa za malo osiyanasiyana okhala ndi zinthu ziwiri zazikulu ndi madzi. Izi zitha kugwa kuchokera ku mtsinje waphiri kapena nyanja kumapiri. Kuphatikiza apo, madzi ndi achilengedwe kapena amasinthidwa ndi mchenga wowuma, koma nthawi zambiri amakhalapo, amangonenedwa.
Ndondomeko ya Bonkei mu chikhalidwe cha Chitchaina ndi Vietnamese ndizachipululu, mbewu, ziwonetsero za nyama ndi anthu, nyumba zazing'ono. Okhala okhala ku Uyaphon mwachinsinsi- Kupanga kwa Elm kapena milomo yamiyala.
Masitayilo
Onse Bonsai ayenera kufotokozera chomera chachilengedwe chomwe chikukula m'chombo chachilengedwe. Chuma cha mtengo, ndikukhomerera kuchokera mwala, koyamba kumakhazikika, kubwereza mawonekedwe ake, ndikungosankha kuwunika, pitani mowongoka. Aesley anayenera kubadwa pathanthwe, malangizo a kukula adzapatsidwa ndi mphepo zomwe zinali kuderali. Zimakhazikitsidwa pamitundu yosiyanasiyana yamitengo ya "masitayilo adapangidwa. Aliyense wa iwo amajambula Ake omwe, mosiyana ndi ena onse. Chikhalidwe cha kiredinagon chimadziwika masitaelo oposa 10 a bonsai imodzi ndi maphwando angapo. Masitayilo ena ndiosavuta polenga, mwachitsanzo, ofukula zinthu zosafunikira, zokongoletsera kapena tawuni yolimba ndi nkhungu. Bokosi lina limatha kukwaniritsa zofunikira za masitayero angapo nthawi yomweyo.Bonsai-Art "Himatic". Kukhumudwitsa Chilengedwe, wojambulayo amasankha mitengo kuti ikope, yomwe mwachilengedwe imadutsa mayeso ambiri olemera. Kodi ndi sewero liti lomwe lingabzale? Itha kubadwa m'malo osayenera - pamwala pomwe nthaka imasowa kwambiri ndipo ilibe chinyezi. Mwina nyama zake zoyang'aniridwa, khungwa lidawonongeka, thunthu la chinthu china. AndOR, mwina, sakanatha kupewa mphepo, chipale chofewa, mabingu, matalala - chiwonetsero - chinthu chomwe chimapangitsa ngakhale makope osokoneza bongo osakhudzidwa. Mphukira za chomera, zomwe zidadutsa mayeso awa, sizingakhale ngakhale, thunthu likhala lopindika, mabungwewo ndi ochepa. Makamaka ofunika kwambiri ndi bonsai, omwe amapezeka mwachilengedwe. Koma ngakhale mawonekedwe a mbewu, omwe amapezeka kunyumba, ali pachiwonetsero chonse, ayenera kukhala odabwitsa momwe mungathere. Chifukwa chake, thunthu ndi nthambi zimapotozedwa makamaka ndi mwayi wa waya kapena kuchedwa, khungwa limachotsedwa m'malo ena kapena lakwezedwa.
Kusankhidwa kwa Zomera
Monga Bonsori imatha kukula mitundu yambiri - zothandiza komanso mitengo yazovuta, zitsamba. Komabe, chotsatirachi ndichabwino kuti musayambe ndi "zovuta" zowoneka bwino, monga pines kapena fir, zomwe pazifukwa zina zimakhala zotchuka kwambiri ndi oyamba. Zikhala zofunikira osachepera zaka 5-6 zokumana nazo posamalira mbewu zopanda ulemu (ficus kapena kuluka) kotero kuti kulumikizana ndi kudzikuza kwambiri kumakhala kopambana. Kum'mawa, kuthekera kolemeretsa kumawerengedwa kuti ndi wokwera luso la bonsaiist.
Mafani oyambilira a m'nyumba ya m'nyumba ya m'nyumba ya m'nyumba amalimbikitsidwa kuti asankhe mitundu yomwe nthawi yachisanu siyifunikira - muzomwe zimachitika pakakhala nyumba wamba, sizovuta kuwongolera. Zosachezeka Murrayya - Zomera zakumaso ndi mawonekedwe osangalatsa a makungwa a mithunzi yowala, maluwa onunkhira oyera ndi zipatso zowala zowala. Zowona, ali ndi milingo yake: masamba a murai ali okulirapo ndipo ngakhale mu miniatire sakhala ochepera 4 cm, omwe ali ndi bonsai angwiro kwambiri. Muthanso kupereka kuti mugule Gîte Ndani ali ndi singano mu mawonekedwe ambiri amakumbutsa masamba a msondodzi, mellite Fikoses (mwachitsanzo, Fikis amakongoletsa ). Mwa njira, mitundu yonseyi yomwe imalimidwa padziko lonse lapansi ya Bonsai ndi kumadzulo kwa Europe sikumapezeka ku Japan. Kuyamba kwa Bonsaust kungalimbikitsidwe kuti mukhale ndi Bomba (Musachite mantha, ngati kugwa kwadzidzidzi adagwetsa masamba), Vsem Wachichaina (Ngati imasungidwa mchipindacho, ndiye kuti masamba akale amagwera atawoneka ngati watsopano ndipo mtengowo umasandukanso) wobiriwira), Chinese Juniper (Zowona, simuyenera kugula zifanizo zazikulu komanso zodula, ndibwino kuyamba ndi kudula pang'ono kapena mbande), Maple Atatu, Malawi, Carmona, Pssidium, nsungwi kapena mafuta.
Ngati simukhala pansi zokutira ndi chiyembekezo chachikulu cha zotsatira, gulani bonsai okonzeka kapena okonzeka (otchedwa otchedwa primonist) m'masitolo apadera kapena m'misika yamaluwa. Chowonera ndi chomera chachikulu (kuyambira zaka 2-3 kapena kupitirira), koma osapangidwa, mutagula kudula ndikuziyika mu chotengera chosalala. Nyengo yabwino kwambiri yomwe ili la masika, kwa mitundu ina - yophukira. Mtengo wa chomera chotere ndiochokera 500-800 ma ruble zikwi zingapo. Copy yokwera mtengo idzagulidwa pokhapokha ngati muli ndi mwayi nthawi iliyonse kuti mupeze kafukufuku kapena luso lokwanira pakukula kwa Bonsii. Mukamagula chomera, samalani ndi kukula kwa mizu, mawonekedwe ndi zabwino zakunja za The Bonai (kapena korona wokongola komanso thunthu lamphamvu la ma reamory), chomera chathanzi chonse. Kuziganizira chaka choyamba, kukulitsa bonsai yanu yamtsogolo monga mtengo wamba, osathamangira kuyambitsa njira yopangira luso. Munthawi imeneyi, mbewuyo idzakhala ndi nthawi yosinthira mikhalidwe yanu, ndikuzolowera munthu watsopano ndikupeza bwino "zizolowezi zake" zake.
Masitaelo a Bonsoi pamtengo wokhala ndi mbiya imodzi
1. Chopkan (tkkkan) - Okhazikika, kapena ma st, mawonekedwe. Uwu ndi buku laling'ono la mitengo yomwe ikukula m'chilengedwe m'malo abwino, kupeza madzi, chakudya ndi kuwala mofooka. Kalembedwe kokha ndi mtengo wolunjika. Mbiya imayendetsedwa molunjika m'mwamba, chifukwa imamera, ndipo yachitatu yotsika imakhala yopanda nthambi. Nthambi zam'mwambazi ndizophimbidwa kwambiri ndi masamba, ndi zazifupi komanso zowonda. Nthawi zambiri mtundu uwu umagwiritsidwa ntchito ku Zelkva, anadya, larch, mkungudza, cryptomeria.
2. Shakan (Xianic) - Wophatikizidwa, kalembedwe. Thunthu la mtengo limakhalapo pang'ono ndipo limasiya kusiyanitsa, ngati kuti mbewuyo imakhala pamalo otsetsereka a mapiri kapena "kuthawa" kuchokera mthunzi wakuda. Nthambi yotsika kwambiri imatsogozedwa ndi mtengo wosiyana ndi mtengowo, kufanana kwake. Mawonekedwe ndioyenera kwa mbewu zambiri monga zotanthauza (Thui, Juiper, sequoia Idr), ndi deadious (maple, oak idr.).
3. Moyogi (Mogi) - Kapangidwe kakang'ono, kapena thunthu lopindika. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazomera zazikulu, komanso kuchuluka kwa zithunzi, mwina zochuluka kwambiri. Ngati Japan amapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kusankha kalembedwe ka bonsai, moyogi nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Imakhala ndi zinthu zina zomwe zitsanzo zake sizingakhale zofanana ndi wina ndi mnzake. Thunthu limakhala ndi mawonekedwe osakhazikika, opindika, ndipo ma bend akhoza kukhala angapo, ndipo pansi nthawi zambiri amawonetsedwa kwambiri. Pafupifupi pamwamba pa "mafunde" awa amakhala ofewa, ndipo pamwamba pamtengowo ndiwolondola. Gwiritsani ntchito izi pafupifupi mitengo yonse, koma makamaka nthawi zambiri pezani pine, oak, maple, juniper.
7. Kngai (Kengai) - Cascade. Protototype wa mawonekedwewa anali mitengo, kukakamizidwa kulimbana ndi moyo wawo kwa miyala yamiyala, pansi pa matalala a chipale chofewa, chifukwa chosowa kuwala kapena modekha. Nthambi imayamba pansi pamtengo. Chindizo chokha, kufulumira, kugwa mosayembekezereka "," kumayenda "pambali, kuponya pansi, kugwa pansi pamunsi pa chidebe. Kuti mbewuyo ikuwoneka bwino, imayikidwa pamtunda wapamwamba kapena m'mphepete mwa tebulo. Choyenera paini, judiper, kzilnik, rodododen, plums, mayala, ine wavy, chifukwa nthawi zambiri amawonedwa monga mwachilengedwe. Osavomerezeka kuti mitengo yokhala ndi mitengo yamphamvu, yosatha.
12. bunjingi (kanda) - "kalembedwe". Mawuwa samawonetsa zoyeserera za kalembedwe, koma mbiri yake idachitika. Popanda nthawi ya bonslai adatchuka kwambiri pakati pa luso la China la China, lomwe lidapanga mawonekedwe apadera a iye. Bunjaingi ikhoza kupangidwa mwachangu kwambiri kuposa mafomu osawerengeka ndipo simumadziwika ndi ma camonical. Chuma cha mtengowo ndi kutalika, chowonda komanso chowoneka bwino, nthambi zimayamba m'munsi mwake. Ndiwo mtundu wa thunthu pomwe cholingacho chimatha, chifukwa chake masamba sikokwanira, korona siothetsa. Ndiwopepuka, mpweya ndipo umawoneka ngati fanizo lojambulidwa la mabuku akale achi Japan.
Mapangidwe a bonai
Pa mapangidwe abwino a Bonsai, ndikofunikira kuphunzira momwe mungathere za mawonekedwe ake a mbewu, yomwe mwapeza: komwe kumakhala zachilengedwe - kukula kwa madzi, kuwala, Dothi, kutentha, chinyezi cha mpweya. Pangani thunthu ndi nthambi za bonsmai, komanso mizu. Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika mukamathilira mbewu. Siyani mizu yayikulu yomwe imadutsamo kuchokera pa mbiya. Mizu yozungulira imapangitsa mpingo kukhala "akulu", mawonekedwe awo amatengera mawonekedwe osankhidwa. Gawo la dothi lomwe limaphimbidwa nthawi zambiri limakutidwa ndi moss, koma m'malo otetezeka, kutentha kochepa komanso chinyezi chambiri ndi chinyezi chambiri.Kulima kwa mtengo womwe uli ndi dothi lochepa kwambiri kumapangitsa kuti kuchepa kwakeko kuchepetsedwa kuchuluka kwake, kumachepetsa kukula kwake, kuchepa kwake kukula, miniaturization.
Pakukula kwa kukula, nthambi zimagwiritsa ntchito njira zingapo: waya wokulirapo, ndikutulutsa katundu kapena kuponda mizu. Waya ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito mkuwa, pulasitiki, wokongoletsa bwino, amatha kutchulidwa mu mtundu wa kutumphuka. Madziwe ake ayenera kukhala pafupifupi 1/3 ya makulidwe a nthambi kapena thunthu. Timangoyika waya mbali imodzi - kuchokera ku mtengo kupita kunthambi, pakona ya 45. Nthawi yabwino kwambiri ya ntchitoyo - woyamba kubadwa kwa impso, ndiye kuti mbewuyo ili ndi kusinthanitsa kwakukulu. Kutengera kukula kwa bonsmai, wayawo umakhala wokhazikika kwa nthawi kuchokera kwa miyezi isanu ndi theka. Ngati simunapumire kukhazikika kwa ntchito ngati imeneyi, yesetsani kunthambi ndi nthambi zomwe zimabweretsa kuthengo.
Masamba a bonsai aliyense ayenera kukhala osaya, wandiweyani utoto. Misewu ya kuchepa kwa masamba imakwaniritsidwa pochotsa pepalalo kuchokera kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa August. Masamba amachotsedwa kwathunthu, ndikusiya chidutswa cha chiweto. Pakapita kanthawi atakweza, mbewu kachiwiri, adzapulumuka "kasupe wachiwiri". Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha ngati zomera zathanzi ndipo sizigwiritsidwa ntchito maluwa, zipatso komanso kothandiza.
Kusamala
Ntchito zazikuluzikulu zosamalidwa zamasamba zazing'onoting'ono, kuthirira kwa nthawi yake, kudyetsa nthawi, kumeta, kumeta katatu pachaka komanso nthawi yayitali - kamodzi pazaka zochepa. Popanga ndikusiya Bonsai akufunika zida zonse: zotumphukira, zotumphukira za nthambi zambiri, zingwe za mizu yosiyanasiyana, ngati mungapangire bondoli "Woonda wakufa") .P. Kukula kwa zida kumadalira kukula kwa mtengowo.
Pambuyo kuthirira, nthaka iyenera kuthiridwa kwathunthu, kuthirira kotsatira kumachitika pambuyo pakuwuwutsa. Madzi amadzi akulimbikitsidwa kuti ayambe kugonjetsedwa kwa maola angapo, ndipo ngati ali ndi mchere wambiri, fyuluta. Madzi a Bonstai wa kutentha kwa chipinda chamadzi, palibe chifukwa chisawonongere malo okoma kuti afe. Zovala za Bonyoi ziyenera kukhala ndi mabowo akuluakulu (1.5-0 masentimita) ndi miyendo yaying'ono. Chotengera nthawi zambiri chimayikidwa mu pallet, mpweya wosanjikiza pakati pa pansi pa chidebe ndipo pamwamba pa pallet ndi okakamiza, kotero kuti madzi owonjezera amayenda kuchokera pachiberekero. Zomera tikulimbikitsidwa kuti zisakhale kutali ndi zida zotenthetsera komanso zojambula.
Pamitundu yambiri (makamaka ndi mitt, maolivi, makangaza, ssemip batr. Nthawi zambiri Bow Bansai iyenera kusungidwa ndi minuta yopepuka ku minutu ya kuunika kopita ku Mphepo ya + 10-15 (kutengera mtundu) otetezedwa ku mphepo yobiriwira, pamtunda wowoneka bwino, khonde kapena khonde kapena pa garaja. Zowona, malo amdima ngati garaja ndizoyenera kwa hardwood, zofowoka ndipo nthawi yachisanu zimafunikira kuwala. Kuthirira nthawi yachisanu kumakhala koyenera kwambiri. Kutalika kwa nthawi yopuma kumadalira mitundu inayake. Amakhulupirira kuti pa pine ya nkhalango wamba, pamafunika pafupifupi masiku 150 ndi kutentha koyipa. Ngati mukuchotsa mtengo wam'mazizira woterewu, udzafa zaka 2-3. Kuvula, m'malo mwake, nthawi ya mtendere yachisanu ndi yochepa kwambiri, miyezi 1.5-2 pa kutentha kwa + 5-10 ° C.
Nthawi yochepa yamtendere ndi yofunika kwambiri, kukula kwa mbewu mu nthawi yotsatira kumadalira. Kukonzekera bonsai yozizira, osagwiritsa ntchito trim pambuyo pa pakati pa Ogasiti. Poyamba, osagwiritsa ntchito feteleza wolemera, komanso mu Seputembala, kudyetsa feteleza wanu ndi calcium ndi calcium ndi phosphorous, imathandizira kwambiri chisanu. Nthawi yozizira-yotsalira yozizira, mitundu yopanda nyengo yozizira (makamaka ili kuchokera ku Tropics) ikufunika kuwunikira phytolampa.
Kamodzi zaka zingapo, Boai ayenera kusinthidwa kukhala mphamvu yayikulu (pafupifupi 2 cm yokulirapo m'mimba komanso mwakuya kuposa kale). Zotengera nthawi zambiri zimakhalapo nthawi yomweyo - zimapangidwa mu mtundu umodzi ndikuyamba kuyanjana wina ndi mnzake, monga Matryoshkam. Zizindikiro zakufunika kofunikira kukwirira zitha kukhala mizu yomwe imawoneka kuchokera kumabowo kapena mabowo kwathunthu. Ukalamba wachichepere wa zaka 3-4 nthawi zambiri zimasinthidwa chaka chilichonse, chaka chochulukirapo - chilichonse, ndipo mitengo yomwe yafika zaka makumi 10-15. Nthawi yoyenera yochitira njirayi ndi masika, mbewu zikayamba masamba osagwira. Hubules kuchokera ku malo otentha a nthawi zoterewa pachaka chikhoza kukhala zingapo, ndipo onse ndi abwino kwambiri pakuthana.
Masitaelo a Bonyoi
Kutulutsa Bonsai
Bonsoi ndiye mawonekedwe a kukongola konse ndi nzeru zachilengedwe, zazing'ono zakuthambo. Chifukwa chake, mtengo uliwonse uyenera kuwonetsedwa payekhapayekha, osati mogwirizana ndi ena. Chisamaliro chonse chimalipira kwa iye yekha. Kuphatikiza apo, mbewu iliyonse imakhala ndi nthawi yake yokongoletsera kwambiri komanso kukopa. Chifukwa chake, makangaza ndi azaleas amayika bwino panthawi yamaluwa, mtolo wokutidwa ndi masamba achikasu, mapulowo ndi masamba atatu-nthawi yachisanu, osawonetsa mawonekedwe okongola kwambiri Nthambi zake, ndi mapu a Kameradwe - mu kasupe kapena nthawi yophukira, pomwe masamba ofiira amaphulika.
Alpony wa Bonsoi akukula mumsewu, nyumbayo imangogwirizana masiku ochepa, chifukwa cha tchuthi kapena kufika kwa alendo (pofotokoza, mbewuyo si madzi). Chiwonetsero chapaderachi chimamangidwa chiwonetserochi, komwe kuli tebulo ndi bonsai. Mini-ma suni-bondows kutalika kwa 10-15 kapena 1.5-33 amawonetsedwa pa unyolo, ndipo chidebe chilichonse chimatha kuyimirira patebulo lalikulu.
Malinga ndi zojambulajambula zapamwamba za Japan, chomera chilichonse chimakhala ndi mbali ya nkhope - pa chiwonetserochi, chimayankhidwa kwa wowonera. Anapanga "nkhope" kuti mudziwe zosavuta, thunthu, thunthu, chofufumitsa chachikulu cha nthambi chimawoneka bwino, chimawoneka bwino kwambiri. Mtengowo ukuwoneka woweramitsidwa kwa wowonera: Choyamba, pamwamba pa maziko, thunthu lidzalowerera m'mbuyo, ndipo pamwamba pake padzakhala malo olandiridwa kutsogolo kum'mawa. Mbali ya "parade" imatsimikiziridwa koyambirira kwa mtengo wa mtengo wocheperako ndipo "kuponyedwa konse kotsatira kumachitika, kuperekedwa komwe.
Vevcé, komwe enaawo amakongoletsedwa kawirikawiri ndi ziwonetsero za ku Japan ndipo komwe kulima kwa bonsai m'nyumba ndi yofala, chikhalidwe cha kuwunika kozungulira chimapangidwanso. Chifukwa chake, mbewu zimakhalabe "pamaso pa mawu" pano. Makamu a Bonsai akhoza kukhazikitsidwa, mwachitsanzo, mkati mwa holo, patebulo lina. Ndikofunikira kuti malo omwe amaloledwa kutsindika zonse za mtengo wampikisano. Gome la chiwonetserochi ndilosavuta kwambiri: pamwamba pamatabwa, yokutidwa ndi pepala lofiirira, mphasa kapena piritsi yosalala ya Photon. Chinsinsi cha wowonera sayenera kusokonezedwa ndi mayina akunja kapena zophatikizika. Zodabwitsanso ndi zowala komanso zoyera, zoyera, beige kapena imvi kuti mbewu ya mbewu imakokedwa momveka bwino. Ngati bonsai ingapo imawonetsedwa m'chipindacho, ayenera kuperekedwa.
Zomera zimayang'aniridwa kwambiri ndi chidwi ndi anthu ndipo zimawayankha, nthawi zina, ndipo nthawi zina zimakhala zaka zambiri. Monga kuwonetsa, kulima kwa Boyiai makamaka kwa anthu okhwima, omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe adziko komanso malingaliro okhazikika pamoyo.
Okonzayo akuthokoza gululo "Victoria 2001", Alexander Vinyanira ndi Purezidenti Bonsai Club ku Gbs. N.v. Tamar Benorooskov Tamar Tamar Bloorodov pokonzekera kulinganiza zinthu.