Njira zosiyira bedi. Mayiko ndi opanga, kapangidwe, zida ndi mitundu, mitengo.
Sitikumbukiridwe mwachangu kuti mwina sitinakhale ndi moyo wosachedwa kwambiri: zipinda zakumaso, zipinda zapansi ... Koma lero, kwa ambiri a ife, kukhala ofunika kwambiri kuposa kale (ndipo tikhala khalani okalamba). Njira yosavuta yokongoletsa kudzakhalapo ndikugula bedi labwino ndipo pamapeto pake phunzirani kupuma kwathunthu.
Nchito
Gulani kama wabwino, kukhala ndi ndalama, mwakumba, ndikosavuta. Koma momwe mungapezere imodzi yokha, yomwe idalota kalekale? Nthawi zonse komanso nyumba, zidathandizira kupumula ndikuchita moyenera kuyenda kwa thupi lanu?Ntchito yogula bedi, osatero, kunena, anthu am'mutu wonse amadzipereka pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, ngati wakaleyo wagwa, wosinthidwa m'malo mwake. Kapena ngati mipando yogona imasowa ndalama. Pomaliza, chipindacho chimatha kukhala chaching'ono kwambiri kuti chikhale pachifuwa, ndipo magome amitundu, ndi zovala. Koma nthawi zambiri chifukwa sichikhala chakunja, koma mkati mwathu. Tikufuna kumva ngati opanga opanga ndikupereka chipinda chogona popanda muyeso, m'njira yake.
Mlandu wambiri sichofunikira konse, yankho lamakono ndikuwotcha mamita angapo ndi zitseko ndikupanga chipinda chovala. M'malo mwa magome achilendo, ndizotheka kugwiritsa ntchito mashelufu osinthika omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi mutu wa mutu, kapena matebulo ang'onoang'ono. Koma nayi bedi, chinthucho sichimasinthidwa ndi chilichonse chofanana. Mutha kutero, kugona pa sofa, ndipo patanda, komanso mu hammock, ngakhale m'misomali. Koma kodi ndizoyenera, ngati pali abwino, okongola, ngati kuti mwapanga, kama?
Njira Zothetsera
Ili kuti mugule chogona chokwanira chigonere ndi chosavuta kwambiri kuposa bedi limodzi. M'masitolo ambiri mipando popanda chofunda, pachifuwa ndi mabele ogona, mitundu ya kapangidwe kake kazinthu zogulitsidwa, kapena zonena izi zokha zimakhalapo ngati seti yonse. Kupeza makampani amaperekedwa ndi machipinda, koma mwina ndi osiyana.
Pali zosavuta komanso zosavuta, koma osati njira yothamanga kwambiri: Tumizani dongosolo ku fakitaleyo, pangani (20-50%) ndikudikirira. Ngati mungaganize zogula pabedi lachilendo, ndiye kuti muyenera kudikirira miyezi ingapo iwiri, ngati banja lanu. Mutha kusankha mtundu ndi matchubugi omwe akupezeka m'mitundu yonse, masitolo ndi makampani ogulitsa mipando.
Chula
Mu Russia yamakono, ndipo makamaka ku Moscow, mutha kugula (kulamula kapena kuchokera ku mabedi osungiramo nyumba kapena mitu yogona yomwe imapangidwa mu ngodya iliyonse ya dziko lapansi. Komabe, ogula makamaka amaperekedwa kumadzulo kwa European kapena nyumba zapakhomo. Galimoto ya mipando yakunja ndi yaying'ono, chifukwa imakhala yovuta kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi mawonekedwe achilendo kwa ife. Asia maiko amaimiridwa makamaka ndi Indonesia (mipando ya wicker kuchokera ku rattan) ndi Japan (mabedi-tatami mu mawonekedwe achi Japan).Opanga ku Russia nthawi zambiri amakopa ogula ndi mtengo wotsika wa zinthu zawo (ngakhale atakhala ndi zabwino zomwe zimachuluka), matchulidwe achilendo, khalidwe labwino kwambiri. Gulu lina ndi mipando yabwino kwambiri yopangidwa m'dziko lathu kumaukadaulo kunja pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zina.
Pakati pa mitu yake pamsika wathu ndi Chitaliyana. Komanso ku Russia pali ambiri ku Spain, Chijeremani, Chifinishi, ku Sweden ndi zipinda zoyambira ku Danish. Sizingatheke kukumana ndi Chifalansa, Belgian, Austria, Swiss, Chipwitikizi ndi mipando ya Chingerezi. Mwachikhalidwe amasangalala ndi zopambana za zipinda zogona zopangidwa kale ndi boma: Romania, Slovenia, Poland, ID ya Poland, Belarisa.
Mafunso
Teminology ya mipando mu Russian yamakono sinakhazikitsidwe, ndipo mawu osiyanasiyana nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito posankha mutu kapena lingaliro lomwelo. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha zovuta zosamutsa zina kuchokera kuzizinenero zakunja.
Chifukwa chake, kumbuyo kwa kama m'mitu kumatchedwa mutu, ndipo chikopa cha mutu, ndi bolodi, komanso mutu. Kumbuyo m'miyendo kumawonekera polankhula monga chofatsa, kusokonekera, phazi kumbuyo ndi khoma lamapazi. Zomwe matiresi amavala, zokhazokha zimatchedwa molimba mtima, zolaula zina, pansi pake, ndi wachinayi, ndi wachinayi. Mapulasitiki osinthika opangidwa ndi beech kapena birch, omwe chimangotchulidwa pamwambapa chimakhala pamwambapa, amatchedwa njanji, zingwe, mizu, ma laters kapena lamelolas.
Mayiko ndi opanga
Kulankhula kovuta komanso kosayamika, komwe dziko la dziko lapansi limapangitsa zipinda zokongola kwambiri, zodalirika. Komabe, pofufuza mwatsatanetsatane mitundu yopangidwa m'maiko osiyanasiyana, mutha kudziwa zinthu ndi mawonekedwe ena.Mtsogoleri yemwe akuyembekezeredwa pakupanga mipando ndi Italy. Pano pali mazana, ngati sanali mafakitale masauzande ambiri omwe akumanapo, mipando yakugona. Pochokera komanso mitundu yosiyanasiyana yothetsera anthu aku Italiya, zimakhala zovuta kupikisana. Kuphatikiza apo, chiwonetsero chodabwitsa kwambiri cha mipando yomwe mafashoni amakhalidwe amapanga, imachitika chaka chilichonse ku Milan.
Dziko logona limaperekedwa monga opanga odziwika bwino (FLAU, Carpinelli, Sipik, Asnago, Asverpobili), Alver, Veneer, Am Mobili am, Doolida, Florida, Tomasella, tempror ndi ena). Kuphatikiza apo, mabizinesi ena amagwiritsa ntchito kupanga mipando mwanjira inayake, ena amatulutsa misozi yamakono komanso "mitu yamakono".
Nenani, Flou idatchuka mu nthawi yake bedi Natalie, kuchokera kumbali zonse ndi nsalu yowuma. Asnaghi inter ndi amodzi mwa ochepa, amapanga mabedi omangira mu "nyumba yachifumu ya" yachifumu "- ndi zakudya kapena zokulirapo m'makona. Roberti Rattan amatulutsa ma wicker owombera, ndi chitsulo chopangidwa.
Spain imadziwika kuti ndi opanga mipando. Ogona ogona amapangidwa pano makamaka m'mitundu iwiri yakale komanso baroque. Bedi lachilendo limadziwika kwambiri kuposa mitundu ya ku Italy, bolodi, zodzikongoletsera zambiri zosemedwa, zojambula ndi zinthu zina zodzikongoletsera. Pali opanga odziwika monga Onna, Riviera, Vicente Folgado, Dupen ndi ena.
Kwa opanga achijeremani ndi zipinda zogona (Hulsta, Mohta, Behr, Mohrf, Studi, Stoeud - Mndandanda, Ngongole Yabwino, Yabwino Kwambiri kapangidwe kake.
Omwe amayenda kakale ka nkhani ndi wamakono zopangidwa ndi kapangidwe kathunthu (magazini yathu yonse idalembedwa m'nkhani yakuti "Kandinavia Viniatian Mipando"). Pakati pa opanga ku Finland m'dziko lathu lomwe adazindikira kuti isu, puustelli, aspo, mesten. IKEA imagwira ntchito ndi ogulitsa onse a Sweden ndi Russia.
Mafakitale a Chiromania ndi a Belariuan afotokozedwa pamsika wathu kwambiri mipando yapadera kwambiri, ambiri opanga zopangidwa ndi zopangidwa ndi Slovenia ndi Slovenia pamakono amakono.
Zisankho Zothandiza
Kusankha bedi loyenera kwa inu, ndikofunikira kukhala ndi lingaliro la kapangidwe ka nkhani yothandizirayi.
Bedi lili ndi chimango komanso chimango chomwe matiresi amavala. Ogulitsa ambiri amapereka mitundu ingapo ya mafelemu ndi matiresi omwewo mtundu womwewo. Nthawi zambiri, makampani omwe amagwira ntchito ndi ogulitsa akunja amalandira mabedi ndi mafelemu ochokera kudziko lina, ndipo zowona, zopangidwa kuchokera ku zinthu zakunja. Ndi yabwino komanso yotsika mtengo.
Chilungamo chikhoza kukhala kapangidwe kazinthu ziwiri zomwe zili ndi mapanelo a mbali (mafumu) kapena anayi kuvala Tsarg ndi masana omwe ali ndi mutu (mutu). Mlandu wachiwiri, miyendo ndiyofunika.
M'nthawi yoyambirira, mabedi okhala ndi makina okweza ndi bokosi lomangidwa litagawidwa mwapadera.
Pali mitundu yambiri ya mafelemu. Zosavuta kwambiri za izo zimapangidwa ndi matabwa okwera kapena machubu achitsulo, omwe mbale khumi ndi ziwiri ndi theka zimakhazikika. Mtengo wa kapangidwe ka 3 uku ndi 300 rubles. (Ikea). Ngati bedi ili ndi kawiri, awiri amodzi kapena awiri omwe amafunikira.
NKHANI ZINA PAMATSOGOLA, zolimba (ndipo, moyenera, ndizokwera mtengo kwambiri). Zilinso zinthu ndi zinthu zomwe njanji izi zimapangidwa - birch kapena beech (motero komaliza) ndipo, zimasunga nthawi yayitali). Njira yabwino kwambiri ndi (mpaka 1 cm) Njanji za mitundu (kuchuluka kwa zigawo zitha kutengera 10).
Pali nthawi ina. Mafuta a Elastic Teldilaen amapangira otchedwa Orthopedic zotsatira. Kusinthasintha kosasinthika pamavuto osiyanasiyana a thupi lathu, amathandizira msana kuti azikhala owongoka nthawi zonse. Zotsatira zazikulu zimatheka ndi kuphatikiza kwa zigawo ziwiri - kulangidwa ndi matiresi a Orthopdic.
Zithunzi zina zimakhala ndi zida zosinthira kuwuma kwa chipinda chogona ndi njira yosinthira kukweza mutu, pakati ndi phazi (izi zimachitika pogwiritsa ntchito makina opanga). Mafelemu oterewa ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri kuposa wamba, koma amalola kuti mwiniwakeyo azimasuka.
Kkrovati ayenera kunyamula matiresi ake. Itha kugulidwanso limodzi ndi kutsuka kwa cro-kutsuka, kapena padera, ndi "zinthu zina" zakumwamba (mwatsatanetsatane za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matiresi otsatirawa).
Mwina chinthu chowoneka bwino kwambiri pabedi la zojambulazo ndi kumbuyo. Itha kukhala iliyonse: lathyathyathya kapena yopindika, yolimba kapena yotseguka, komanso malawi, yokhazikika, yolunjika; Ndi zodzikongoletsera mu mawonekedwe a turrets, ulusi, upata .D. Muli ndi ufulu wokonda mutu, wolimba kapena wogawanika mu minofu, ndi khungu la kukoma.
Chabwino, tsopano ndinu okonzeka kudzipatula pabedi la zinthu. Kwa iwo omwe akufuna opanga ena (mwachitsanzo, kampani ya ku Italy Tisettantanta) imapereka chisankho chamitundu itatu ya misana yosiyanasiyana, mitundu itatu ya mitundu itatu kapena miyendo yamatabwa.
Miyeso
M'lifupi pa kama limagawidwa kukhala chimodzi, kawiri komanso nthawi imodzi. Kuwiritsa kawiri kumakhala ndi mtunda wa 160 cm (pali 180cm ndi 2m), 1m (Miyezo), kuyambira 110 masentimita (Mwachitsanzo, 120 ndi 140cm). Anthu ambiri amakumana ndi zovuta zochititsa manyazi. Kutalika kwa sheeve kumaloko ndi 190cm kapena kupitilira 2m. Gulani bedi lalitali kwambiri ndizovuta, koma ndi zenizeni: M'paka zina za mipando ndi makampani omwe akugwira ntchito ndi othandizira aku Russia.A Grada okwera amatha kugula bedi lopanda kumbuyo m'miyendo ndikukweza bedi mothandizidwa ndi phwando la chisada.
Zipangizo ndi mitundu
Mukupanga mabedi, zinthu zosiyanasiyana kwambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito: nkhuni mu mawonekedwe a mndandanda kapena mipesa ndi mipesa yoluka, mdf, galasi, ndi zikopa ( kwa upholstery), zokutira polima, ma varnish, utoto ndi mafilimu omaliza.
Opanga zopanda mipando amapanga miyala yake yamatabwa. Chifukwa chake, ku Italy ndi Spain, mtedza ndi yamatcheri ndizachikhalidwe (nthawi zina zimakhala ndi chitumbuwa chokoma) chokhala ndi mtengo wakuda. Chermannia nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito Beech, Alder ndi Maple; Ku Denmark ndi Switzerland, makamaka Bech; M'mayiko aku North Eururo, kuphatikizapo Russia, Posina, birch, nthawi zambiri zimadziwika bwino (nkhuni zawo zimasiyanitsidwa ndi kamvekedwe ka kamvedwe kake). Pakati pa mipando yowetayi ndi yofunika, yopangidwa ndi karellian pine kapena birch - miyala iyi imawerengedwa kuti inali yolimba kwambiri. Nthawi zina mu chinthu chimodzi chimaphatikizira mitundu ingapo yamatabwa. Izi ndizomwe zimadziwika kwambiri ndi zinthu za ku Romania. Mipando ya Blackdessiy yopangidwa kuchokera ku thundu, zinthu zokhazikika komanso zolimba.
Matanda onse, omwe amayenera kupanga mipando, iyenera kukhala yogonjetsedwa (yabwino kwambiri yomwe imawerengedwa kuti ndi yochulukirapo kuposa 6-8%).
Mpesa, Liango, bango ndi zidutswa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu zowoneka bwino (nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi maboti ndi benels mapanelo). Zipangizo zachilengedwe izi zimaphatikizidwa bwino ndi zitsulo ndi nkhuni, zomwe mafelemu amachitidwa.
Mabedi ndi mabedi ogona kuchokera ku mipando yosiyanasiyana mipando ndiofala kwambiri: MDF, chipboard, fiberboard, enanso. Chiyero cha zachilengedwe nthawi zambiri chimakonda kukonda MDF ndi DVP zomwe amakonda. Komabe, posachedwa ku Europe adayamba kupanga zinthu kuchokera ku chipya, ngakhale kuti sizikusintha kwa thanzi la anthu kwa othandizira anthu (kalasi ya uso). Mukamagula zinthu zochokera ku DSP, samalani kwambiri ndi mtundu wa zokutira: ziyenera kukhala ndi ming'alu ndi tchipisi.
Mabedi achitsulo amadziwika kuyambira nthawi yochepa. Masiku ano, zinthu zopangidwa ndi zooneka ndi zozizwitsa zidalowanso mafashoni ndipo adakhala m'malo akumidzi, komanso m'matauni. Zitsulo zimapakidwa utoto wosiyanasiyana (kuchokera koyera mpaka bulauni), ndikuwonetsetsa zachilendo, zamakono.
Maulendo ogona amatha kuchitidwa kuchokera pagalasi yayikulu yokhala ndi makulidwe mpaka 15mm. Koma nthawi zambiri kumachokera pamenepo mashelufu okhazikika ndi mutu.
Malangizo atsopano mu kapangidwe ka kama wophatikizika m'njira imodzi ya zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, nkhuni zachilengedwe ndi chitsulo kapena galasi.
Pang'ono za masitayilo ndi mayendedwe
Makampani ogulitsa amadziwa mipando yonse (ndipo, inde, mabedi) kwa kalasi ndi amakono. Mawu oti "classic" amasankha masitayilo onse enieni komanso a neoclastical, apic, gothic, badeleyer, ma syyler ndi zachiwerewere. Amakono amatchedwa chilichonse chomwe siachipembedzo. Pansi pa tanthauzo ili, malangizo a postmodern akugwa, avant-arge, komanso masewera olimbitsa thupi, minimalism, etc. ) ndi akazi. Mwa njira, wogulitsa m'sitoloyo akhoza kudabwa moona mtima, ataphunzira kuti amakono amatchedwa kalembedwe kamene kamalamulira mkati kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la makumi awiri. Malinga ndi makampani ogulitsa, pakadali pano zomwe zimafunikira za zolaula ndi zamakono ndizofanana.Mitengo
Mu Moscow, ndi dziko lonse, bedi limatha kugulidwa mocheperako komanso ndalama zopenga. Mitengo yotsika imapereka opanga nyumba. Chifukwa chake, imodzi mwa mabedi otsika mtengo kwambiri omwe tidapeza m'sitolo ya Ikea (Model Conseit). Amapangidwa ku Russia kuchokera kunkhalango yotanthauzira yopanda zokongoletsa. Mwiniwake ayenera kupenta nokha kapena kuphimba ndi varnish. Mtunduwu ndi wochepera ma ruble 2,000. (popanda chimati ndi matiresi).
Mabedi okwera mtengo kwambiri mu mawonekedwe akuti "nyumba yachifumu" amapangidwa ku Europe (makamaka ku Italy ndi Spain). Maukadaulo a mipando a mipando amapangidwa ndi mitundu yamtengo wapatali yamatabwa, yokongoletsedwa ndi yomanga, zojambula zamanja, zotupa zapadera komanso pearl. Mtengo wa zitsanzo zoterezi zimatha kufikira $ 20,000-000000.
Mtengo wamba umaperekedwa kwambiri. Kwa $ 150-300, mutha kugula bedi labwino kwambiri kuchokera pamapisi opangira ma pines (kuchokera ku kampani TMT, Chithunzithunzi cha Pert "SUS", DOROKAVSKSK). Pa mtengo wa $ 250-500, mabedi amaperekedwa mu mawonekedwe apamwamba kapena amakono a mbale zoyambira kuchokera ku Miassmeabel CJSS (zopangidwa ndi zida zochokera ku Europe), komanso mitundu yachitsulo kuchokera ku Ikea. Ndi kuchuluka kwa $ 500-600, mutha kusankha bedi lopangidwa kunja (mwachitsanzo, ku Italy kapena Spanish) kuchokera pachipapbodi ndi kuphatikizika kwa lamite kapena Melamine. Mwa mitundu yokongoletsedwa ndi veneer yachilengedwe, mtengo wotsika mtengo ndi $ 700. Zaka za $ 800-1000 mutha kukhala mwini wake wa mabwalo a matabwa (zopangidwa kuchokera ku kampani yaku Germany steud kapena Romanian Elbac). Ndalama zomwezo zimawononga bedi la chisanu ku Finnish kuchokera ku Messin Oy. Makampani atsopano ku Italy opangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje amakono kapena kukongoletsedwa ndi zambiri zokongoletsera zokongoletsera ndizoposa $ 1500 (mukakhala ndi veneer). Pomaliza, mitengo yopanga zinthu zopangidwa ndi mafakitale odziwika bwino okhala ndi kutengapo gawo kwa opanga otchuka atha kukhala osiyana ndi omwe atchulidwa kangapo. Kuphatikiza apo, mtengo wa kama ndi phindu losatha. Ogulitsa ambiri amachepetsa mitengo ya "zachikale" (ndiye zatsopano), ngati zatsopano.
Pazomwe ndikufuna kukumbukira chowonadi nthawi yotsimikizika: ngati mukufuna bedi kuti mutumikire nthawi yayitali, palibe zaka khumi, - gulani mtundu wopangidwa ndi mtengo wachilengedwe.