Kuwunikiranso msika wa Fyuluta kuti uyeretse madzi akumwa, njira zosankhira. Mitundu ikuluikulu, kapangidwe kake, njira zoyeretsera, opanga, mitengo.
Zodziwika bwino. Sichoncho? Ma ndege oterewa amatsatira kuchokera ku crane pambuyo pokonza ma netiweki yamadzi
Mu epaporator ya dongosolo la nyengo, akugwira ntchito pamadzi apampopi, kwa masiku 40-50 amapangidwa ndi makilogalamu 1.5. Madzi oterewa omwe timamwa nanu
Fsefe-jug mwina ndi woyeretsa madzi. Timakweza chivindikiro ndikuthira madzi kulowa mphamvu, kenako tidasinthira kale mu saucepan
Kuyeretsa makatoni am'manja pambuyo pa m'badwo. Kuwala kokha komwe kumakhalako, pomwe dothi silinafikire
Zosefera Jug ziyenera kukhala zokongola. Koma sizofunikira. Chofunika koposa chomwe chimabisidwa mkati mwazinthu zokongola
Zosefera - Jugs "zotchinga" zimaperekedwanso mitundu yonse ya utawaleza
Zina mwazopindula kwambiri za kuchuluka kwa zosefera-jug-complection (kumakwanira malo ocheperako) ndi kusuntha (kumalepheretsa)
"Mini-station cm3" Kupanga mapangidwe oyimitsa bwino ndi kuyeretsa kothamanga ndi mchere wotsatira komanso wotseka. Voliyumu - 12 ndi 17l madzi apamwamba kwambiri
"Mini station u-23" ndi magawo asanu ndi limodzi a kuyeretsa madzi kwa kuwonongeka kwamphamvu
Chofanana kwambiri ndi "mini-stiss" - mtundu wa nc umawerengeredwa pamlingo wa 12l
Chitsanzo Choyambirira Chosefera-Ordic-3 ". Zinthu zosefera zimatha kuyikidwa munjira iliyonse
Banja la "Mini Station-FK" ndi Kuyeretsa kwapakatikati
Palibe chinsinsi kuti "moyo wamoyo kwambiri", kuyera kwa woyendetsa ndege, nthawi zambiri kumakhala kongoyerekeza chabe. Palibe zoopsa monga makolo athu, imwani madzi mumtsinje kapena nyanja. AU, monga m'bale Ivanushka kuchokera nthano zakale zakale, ndikusanduka mbuzi.
Kodi ndiyenera kuyeretsa madzi omwe timamwa? Ndipo ngati kuli kotheka, kuchuluka kwa zida ziti? Tinaganiza zogwiritsa ntchito nkhani zingapo m'magazini ino pankhaniyi. Tinena apa ndi zosefera zapakhomo, kusiya kumbali zamankhwala nyumba yanyumba. Ndipo, zoona, tiyesetsa kuthandiza owerenga kuti zinthu zili bwanji pamsika wamadzi pakali pano.
Oyera kapena osayeretsa?
Kwa okhala mumzinda kapena mudzi waukulu, gwero lalikulu la madzi akumwa ndi madzi, ndipo pomwe akusowa, chitsime kapena chabwino. Tiyeni tikambirane mwachidule chilichonse mwanjira izi.Madzi amadzi . Poyembekezera zotsutsa kwa owerenga omwe amakhala m'mizinda yayikulu kumene "vodikanal" yakomweko imayeretsa madzi ndipo nthawi zonse imatsutsana. Inde, "vodokanal" amayeretsa madzi. Kuyandikana (kuteteza ndi kuphika), zosefera, kuthira mankhwala kapena ... kuthira mu chitoliro. Monga lamulo, madzi omwe amasinthasinthana ndi Sanpina zofunika. Inde, pali tsoka, kutsegula crane kukhitchini kwa makilomita kuchokera ku malo oyeretsa madzi, timapeza chinthu chopangidwa kwathunthu. Chifukwa chiyani izi zikuchitika?
Tiyeni tiyambe ndi disini. Ndizofunikira komanso makamaka ndi chlorine. Mizinda yayikulu, monga lamulo, kudyetsa madzi kuchokera kumagwedeza (opanga minda ambiri kumakhala kovuta kupeza), ndipo ndikofunikira kuti timwe ndi mawonekedwe amakono achilengedwe. Usazunzike chifukwa cha kusakhazikika kwakukulu ndi mapaipi athu amaipi. Izi zikufunikanso kuzilingalira. Mwachidule, sizosadabwitsa kuti potuluka pachimake madzi amanunkhiza ngati chlorine. Koma osati fungo. Mukamva ndi organic, chlorine amapanga zinthu zomwe zimatchedwa chlororganic zinthu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti thupi likhale lothandiza. Malinga ndi ofufuza aku America, "zopereka" za chlorine zotumphukira zowonjezera mu chiwerengero cha matenda osokoneza bongo ndi 5-15%.
Koma si zonse. Nthawi zambiri kuyimitsidwa kwambiri kuchokera pamtunda wamadzi, makamaka mchenga ndi dzimbiri lomwe limagwirizanitsidwa ndi kutalika kwamadzi ndi malo awo wamba. Ambiri akhala akuikidwa kale, ndipo popita nthawi, vuto lawo silikhala labwino. Chifukwa chake, mkhalidwe wawo ndi woyipa, mwayi waukulu woopsa kuti matenda a anthropogenic, kulemera kwambiri, matope, mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda amatha kugwera mkati. Amatha kulimbikitsa pamenepo poyamba, chotsatira kapena chodabwitsa, kukonza. Nthawi ya Uthth Madzi omwe adatulutsa chitoliro cha madzi kudutsa mabowo komanso pansi pa kukakamizidwa ndi malo oyandikana nawo, amayamba kutayikira kumbuyo, akunyamula ndi iye chilichonse chomwe chinasungunuka.
Ndi madzi am'madzi am'mudzimo, maudindo siabwino. Palibe amene amayeretsa ndipo sadzachotsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ndipo, zikutanthauza kuti kupatula dzimbiri ndi mchenga, limatha kukhala lodzaza ndi organic organic komanso tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tomwe timapindika.
Madzi kuchokera pachitsime kapena bwino . Palinso mavuto ambiri pano. Amacheperachepera pang'ono ngati madzi amachotsedwa kuchokera ku zitsime zakuya zaluso, ndipo zina zambiri, ngati zitsime zosaya kapena zitsime.
Chitsime kapena kuyamwa pansi ndi madzi pansi ndi madzi pansi, ndipo mavuto omwe ali ndi mavuto ofanana omwe ali ndi madzi omwe afotokozedwa pamwambapa ndi madzi omwe amatengedwa kuchokera pazosowa zam'madzi. M'malo okhwima kwambiri, icho, monga lamulo, samazunzika, koma alorptotors (Turbidity, Chuma, Zomwe Zilipo Zilipo. Chifukwa chiyani? Choyamba, pali kusinthasintha kwa nyengo kwa nthawi yayitali m'madzi, nthawi zina zofunika kwambiri. Kachiwiri, simukudziwa zomwe zikuchitika mmalo oyandikana nawo, tili kuchokera kwa inu nonse m'mamita mamita ndi ma kilomita 1-2. Simungadziwenso kuti madzi amayenda pansi pa nthaka yomwe imadyetsa bwino (bwino). Lankhulani: Chabwino, ndipo? Koma mnansi wanu wapamwamba adayendetsa m'dera lake la manyowa makinawo, omwe zidapangitsa kuti asafune, koma makamaka amakhala pansi. Kapenanso pamundawo kudutsa msewuwo unapangidwa ku feteleza dothi ... kuteteza ku mitundu yosiyanasiyana sipafupifupi. Kodi kusanthula kwamadzi nthawi zonse? Ndiokwera mtengo komanso wopanda ntchito. Ndiye kuti, chitsime ndi mtundu wa rolelette - simudziwa zomwe zidzachitike ndi madzi m'mawa mawa.
Mavuto a zitsime a Welfard ndi ochepa. Organic ndi microbiology nthawi zambiri palibe ayi, koma pamakhala chitsulo chambiri (nthawi zina ndi manganese) komanso kukhwima kwambiri kwamadzi. Monga lamulo, chitsime chachikulu, zonyansa izi, koma, kumbali yakanikirana za zitsanzo. Pankhaniyi, mwini nyumbayo akuyenera kukonza madzi ang'onoang'ono amadzi mnyumba, omwe adapangidwa kuti azilimbana ndi zodetsa komanso kuipitsa.
Kubowola kwakuya kwakukulu, inde, kumawononga ndalama zambiri kuposa momwe zimapangidwira. Madzi othandizira madzi adzagwanso munthawi yozungulira (malo owongolera okha ndi okwera mtengo, wokhala ndi zotsekeka ndi dzanja, komanso vuto la zosayera komanso "anthu oyandikana nawo" adzachotsedwa.
Komabe, gawo ili silingakhale lomaliza. Nthawi zina, madzi okonzedwako amapezeka kuti ali oyenera kuti azitsuka, koma osamwa. Pomaliza, simungapeze kukongola kwa "chinyezi chaumoyo". Zotsatira zake, muyenera kukhazikitsa chosefera chamadzi.
Kodi madzi ayenera kumwa chiyani?
C 1996. Zofunikira zaukhondo pakumwa madzi madzi pakati pamadzi am'madzi zimatsimikiziridwa ndi sanpine 2.1.1.1074-01 "kumwa madzi". Mwanjira yolembera madzi bwino imagawidwa kukhala mliri ,.roleptic, radiological ndi mankhwala. Kodi zisonyezo izi ndi ziti?
Mliri . Kulowa kumatha kukhala ndikupanga mabakiteriya ambiri a mabakiteriya, zinthu zosavuta komanso zapamwamba. Pa mtundu uliwonse mwa mtundu wawo, kusanthula sikunachitike mtengo kwambiri komanso kwanthawi yayitali. Kusanthula kumachitika kuti akhalepo kwa otchedwa "ziwonetsero" ma virus "achiwonetsero, omwe amalepheretsa kuwonongeka kwa gwero la microfnura. Mwachitsanzo, matumbo and. Kuchuluka kwa madzi 1 l kumatchedwa dzina la index. Chizindikiro chachiwiri ndi chiwerengero chochuluka kwambiri. Uwu ndi chiwerengero cha mabakiteriya omwe amapanga mzinda, mu 1 ml ya madzi. Malinga ndi Sanpine, zizindikiro zonsezi ziyenera kukhala zero. Kwathunthu, palibe chosavuta kwambiri.
Oxidation yamadzi . Ndi chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa zinthu zachilengedwe, komanso zingapo zosavuta kuzigwiritsa ntchito zinthu zachilengedwe (chitsulo cha hydrogen sulfide ilo.D.). Kuti mudziwe chizindikiro ichi, njira ya oxidation yamadzi imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri potaziyamu permanganate (manganese), molingana ndi zomwe zimatchedwa oxidan makuti nthawi zambiri amatchedwa oxidation. Kumwa madzi akumwa, sikuyenera kupitirira 5 mg / l.
Kodi mungasankhe bwanji fyuluta?
Pa malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito fyuluta iliyonse pali mawu akuti: "Musagwiritse ntchito ndi madzi osadziwika!" - Komabe, zomwe, anthu ochepa ochepa samvera chidwi. Azry. Mawuwa ndi ovomerezeka ndipo amatanthauza, choyambirira, mfundo yoti zosefera zadziko lonse lapansi sizinapangidwebe. Aliyense wa iwo amapangidwira mitundu ina ya zodetsa nkhawa ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira zina chithandizo china chamadzi. Kuphatikiza apo, mapangidwe osiyanasiyana amapereka magwiridwe antchito. Zikutanthauza kuti muyenera kusankha zosefera kuti musinthe.
Chidziwitso Choyamba - Ichi ndi kusanthula kwa mankhwala komwe kumapereka kuwunika kwa kuchuluka kwa kuipitsa madzi anu. Kusanthula kwachidule ndikotheka kwa zisonyezo 10-12 (mtengo wofanana - 900-1200Rrub.) Kapena otsogola, ma ruble 15 mpaka 40. Zonse zimatengera zokhumba ndi kuthekera kwachuma kwa munthu (za njira ya sapling ndi komwe mungasanthule, werengani nkhani yakuti "madzi oyera a kanyumba". Koma nthawi zonse mukalandira chikalata m'manja, chomwe chingawonetse akatswiri akukhazikitsa kwa kampani. Aooh, wokhala ndi chidziwitso, amayembekeza ku nkhaniyi, inunso mudzazindikira zotsatira za kusanthula kwamadzi anu.
Onani kuti, mwachitsanzo, msika wa Moscow umagwiritsa ntchito mafakitale omwe safunikira kusanthula madzi. Ndiosavuta kubwera ndikuti komwe mumakhala. Makampani ogwirira ntchito adapeza ziwerengero zina potengera deta yosatha kuchokera ku zigawo ses ndi zitsanzo zawo zomwe zasankhidwa m'malo osiyanasiyana amzindawu. Chifukwa cha izi, manejala ake enieni mu mphindi za mphindi zisankhe fyuluta yomwe ingakhale yabwino kwa mlandu wanu. Ndi zoyipa kuti pali mafakitale ochepa mdziko muno, ndipo m'mizinda ing'onoing'ono siyingakhale konse. Ndiye chifukwa chake akatswiri amalimbikitsabe kusanthula kwamadzi. ITO akudandaula ndi eni nyumba ndi eni madera omwe ali ndi madzi awo ndi anthu okhala m'matawuni (ndipo, kodi anthu okhala m'midzi yamizinda yam'madzi) pogwiritsa ntchito madzi apakati.
Chitsimikiziro chachiwiri . Ndi madzi ati omwe mukufuna kuti mupeze komanso kukhala ndi khalidwe liti? Kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa madzi akumwa pabanja ndi kosavuta. Padzakhala munthu wosankha pa tsiku 2.5-3. Chiwerengerochi chichulukitsidwe ndi kuchuluka kwa achibale. Koma zili bwino ngati fyuluta yanu yamtsogolo idzapereka kuchuluka kwa madzi omwe simuwerengetsa madzi, koma ndi malo awiri kapena atatu. Kupatula apo, kufunika kwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri kumakhala kosathera. Avdrug amabwera kunyumba? Ndi mtundu, zinthu zili zovuta kwambiri. Ngati mukufuna kungotunga madzi, kuchepetsa zomwe zili mmodzi kapena ziwiri zomwe, ili ndi funso limodzi. Ngati mukufuna kuti madzi akhale ndi kuchuluka koyeretsa, winayo. Ngati mungafunike madzi ambiri popanda zodetsa zilizonse, iyi ndi funso lachitatu. Kuti mutsimikizire kusankha kwanu, yesani kudziwa kuti njira zotsutsira zotsukira zosefera. Itha kukhala zonse zokhazikitsidwa, njira zachikale komanso zatsopano.
Njira za KClaessical zimaphatikizapo:
Kusefa kwa makina. Kutengera ndi mabowo (ma pores) muzosefera, zida izi zagawika pamtunda wa michere (dzimbiri) kapena dzimbiri za microns 5 mpaka 500), zopyapyala (ma) microns) ndi 5) ndi Kuyeretsa kwamafuta (tinthu tating'onoting'ono tinthu ochepera 0,5 microns ngakhale mabakiteriya).
SARASE (mayamwidwe). Carborm yoyambitsidwa imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafashoni otulutsa. Njirayi imalola pang'ono madzi kuti asasungunuke okhazikika, chlorine waulere komanso nthawi yomweyo khalani ndi zinthu zothandiza mkati mwake.
Kusinthana kumachitika ndi kutenga nawo mbali kwa ion kusinthidwa kwa ion. Phiri loyeretsa madzi limachotsa bwino ion ions, iyo.d.
Oxidation. Zosakhazikikazo ndizogwiritsidwa ntchito muukadaulo wamitundu mitundu ndipo zimatengera mafomuwo omwe ndi osavuta kumva m'madzi. Njirayi imachotsedwa, mwachitsanzo, chitsulo ndi manganese.
Iyenera kuphatikizapo ziwiri: ziwiri:
Kusefa kudzera mu membrane-semi-ovomerezeka polypropylene, wowonda acetatecellulose, etc. Izi zitha kunenedwa, njira yapadziko lonse yoyeretsera.
Njira yotsuka ndi ina, ndipo molonjeza kwambiri, njira yamadzi yamadzi. Ndi icho, imadutsa mu mphamvu yapadera, yomwe oxidid yokomera imachitika mothandizidwa ndi electrolysis. Itha kuwonongedwa ndi ma virus, mabakiteriya, tizilombo, organic ndi zina zovulaza zimawonongedwa.
Ndikofunika kuchenjeza anthu akatswiri pankhani yothetsera kugwiritsa ntchito njira zoyeretsa madzi zimagawidwa. Othandizidwa ndi Ryane a kuswana osmosis adatuluka, omwe amaphatikizanso njira zina za kuchitidwa. Koma ochirikiza "zolaula" zomwe zikuwoneka, zomwe zimawona njira yotsuka ndi zapamwamba, sikofunikira m'mikhalidwe ya madzi. KSpor yolumikizidwa ndi makampani omwe amagulitsa zida zamadzi. Ena amangopereka makonda osungirako osmotic, zina zapamwamba za cartric. Komabe, gulu lachitatu limapezeka nthawi zonse, motsutsana silikhudzidwa, koma malonda ndi enawo.
Funso lina lomwe lidzayenera kusankha - muyenera njira yodziikirapo. Ngati mukufuna, ndiye ndi zomwe zidzachitike. Nthawi zambiri, nyali zapadera za ultraviolet zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa izi.
Chifukwa Chiyani Tiyenera Kumvetsetsa Zonsezi? Chowonadi ndi chakuti posankha Fyuluta, muyenera kusamalira kamodzi ndi njira ziwiri, nthawi yomweyo amawayamikirani ndi luso lathu. Zikuonekeratu kuti ntchito yotereyi ndi yovuta kwambiri.
Kodi madzi ayenera kumwa chiyani?
Zizindikiro za radiological . Chizindikirochi chikutsimikizika ndi zida zamagetsi. Mwayilesi yonse yamadzi sikuyenera kupitirira 0.1 BC, ndi -Radoctive ndi 1 BC kwa madzi okwanira 1 litre.
Mankhala . Chizindikiro cha hydrojeni cha pH ndi, kungolankhula, acidirer kukula. Malinga ndi icho, madzi akhoza kukhala osalowerera ndale (Ph = 7), alkaline (ph7) kapena acid (ph7). Imayesedwa pogwiritsa ntchito chida chapadera ndi metres kapena zizindikiro. PH ya madzi akumwa ayenera kukhala mumitundu ya 6-9.
General Imatsimikiziridwa ndi unyinji wa zotsalazo zotsalira zomwe zimapezeka ndikusintha kwa madzi okhazikitsidwa. Chizindikiro ichi sichiyenera kupitilira 1000 mg / l l.
Kuuma kwamadzi ogawidwa kukhala osakhalitsa komanso okhazikika. Kukhazikika kwakanthawi kumayambitsa zomwe zili ku calcium ndi magnesium hydrocarbonbonan m'madzi, omwe amakhala atakhazikika mu mawonekedwe a sikelo. Kuuma kosalekeza kumachitika chifukwa cha kusapezeka kwa calcium ndi magnesiamu mchere, ngati nitrate, amakwiya.d. Sizivulaza anthu ndipo ndiye gwero lalikulu la calcium ndi magnesium chamoyo. Posanthula madzi, okhwima onse, okhwima onse mu anigigram-equivilents pa lita imodzi (mg-equi / l) amatsimikiza. Poti madzi akumwa, sayenera kupitirira 7 (koma osachepera 1.5).
Kodi chinanso chizikhala chiyani?
Musanaganize zogulira kena kake, onetsetsani kuti mtunduwo ungathetse mavuto onsewo ndi kuipitsidwa komwe kumapezeka m'madzi anu. Izi ziyenera kutsimikiziridwa ndi mawonekedwe a pasitepe a Fyuluta.Ngati mungasankhe mtundu wokwanira wa nthawi yayitali, muyenera kupeza mayankho a mafunso ena:
Ndani adzakhazikitsa dongosolo loyeretsa madzi m'nyumba mwanu?
Kodi kampaniyi imagwira bwanji ntchito ya chitsimikizo yazomwe zimapangidwa ndi chiyani?
Ndani adzagwiritsa ntchito zochitika zantchito pambuyo pa nthawi yalangizi ndi zomwe zingakhale? Kodi ntchito ya chaka chimodzi idzawononga ndalama zingati?
Dziwani kuti ndalama zolipirira ndalamazo, mtengo wa mipata ndi ma reagents imawoneka kuti ikuwonetsa mwayi wachuma pa njira iyi kapena kuyeretsa.
Ndipo pamapeto pake, muyenera kufunsa kuchuluka kwa lita imodzi ya madzi okwanira. Koma musakhale aulesi, muziganizira za izi. Mtengo woyambirira wa zida mu mawerengedwe uku sikugwiritsidwa ntchito (kapangidwe kake kamatha kutumikira pafupifupi nthawi zonse). Ingopezani mtengo ndi zothandizira m'malita (koma osauziridwa kapena zaka zonsezi!) Iliyonse ya zinthu zomwe zasinthidwa (nambala yawo) kuchokera pa 1 mpaka 6) ndikugawa mtengo woyamba mpaka wachiwiri. Chiwerengero chocheperako chidzakhala, chabwino.
Mitundu ikuluikulu ya zosefera zapanyumba
Oyeretsa onse amadzi omwe amapezeka pamsika amagawidwa m'magulu atatu.
Offices-oyendetsa . Mabukuwa akuphatikiza zosefera zazing'ono zonse za jug ndi ma betheche awo amphamvu kwambiri a makona amakona, cylindrical ndi mitundu ina. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito poyeretsa madzi onse komanso dziko lapansi (kanyumba).
2- zosefera-nozzles pa crane. Yolumikizidwa ndi madzi awiri pa nthawi yopitilira ndipo pakufunika.
3 - Zosefera Kusiyananso ndi zida zina mosavuta, gwero la zinthu zambiri, liwiro la kusefa ndi kutsuka kwa madzi. Atsimikizireni onse, atha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri:
Zosefera za cartridge momwe njira zotsutsira zapadera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito;
Zosefera potengera osmosis - mothandizidwa ndi thandizo lawo, mutha kupeza madzi ndi kuyeretsa kwakukulu.
Ngati zosefera za gulu loyamba zimayeretsedwa ndi kupezeka kwa madzi kudzera mu zosefera, kenako m'magulu a magulu achiwiri ndi achitatu, ndipo nthawi zina zimakhala zofunikira kwambiri, ndipo nthawi zina zimakhala chofunikira.
Titiuza mwatsatanetsatane mwatsatanetsatane za zosefera ndi kuyendetsa. Tikufuna kuchenjeza nthawi yomweyo kuti mapangidwe ndi kufotokozera kwathu tipereka mu mawonekedwe omwe adaperekedwa ndi opanga.
Kodi madzi ayenera kumwa chiyani?
Zinthu zachilengedwe komanso zonunkhira . Chiwerengero chonse cha mankhwala omwe chingawonekere m'madzi chifukwa cha kupanga ndi zochitika zina zoposa 50000. Kuyesa madzi kwa omwe ali nawo ali kophweka. Zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa Sanpin zimasokoneza kwambiri mpc wamba, koma (chidwi!) Ndi mtengo wapamwamba chabe wa zinthu zilizonse za zinthu. Kupitilira PDC kumalimbikitsa kuti dokotala wamadzi.
Samalani ndi mawu oti "mtengo wapamwamba" sitidawafunsa konse. Chowonadi ndi chakuti sichoncho monga mu 2002. Panali ku New Sanpine Watsopano 2.1.4.11116-02 "Kumwa madzi. Zofunikira zaukhondo zamadzi, zokhala ndi mphamvu." Mwachidule, zofuna za madzi apamwamba abotolo okwera amachotsedwa. Chikalata Chonyowa, chomwe chidalowa mu Julayi 1, 2002, choyamba chimalepheretsa pamwamba, kuchuluka komwe kungakhale kovuta, komanso pansi (!). Izi ndi zachilengedwe, osati kwa zinthu zonse, koma kwa michere yomwe imadziwika komanso yothandiza thupi. Mwachitsanzo, kusilira kwamadzi kuyenera kukhala kofanana ndi 1.5-7 mgq / l, alkality ndi 0.5-6.5 mg, magnesium - 5-50 mg / l, 1-20 mg / l, bicarbonates - 20-400 mg / l, fluoride-ion-0.06-0.2 mg / l ndi ion-40 - 40- 6. Njira iyi imachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito njira zotsutsira zomwe zimachepetsa zinthu za michere pafupifupi zero. Tikukulangizani kuti musangalale ndi izi, pang'ono pang'ono, tiyeni tibwerere ku nkhaniyi.
Zosefera-Jugs
Izi ndi zinthu zokongola zopangidwa ndi pulasitiki zowonekera, zomwe zimakhala zopanda utoto komanso zopanda utoto, zobiriwira, zofiira. Chikondwerero chimayikiridwa ndi chivindikiro, cholumikizira chomwe chimapangidwa ndi pulasitiki yomweyo. Gawo lam'munsi limapezeka chofalitsira chofiyira kuchokera pa pulasitiki yapadera. Magwiridwe antchito oterewa amachokera ku 0.05 mpaka 0.5-0.7 l / min. Gwiritsani ntchito zosavuta. Tsegulani chivindikiro, dzazani matalala ndikudikirira mpaka madzi amatsamira kudzera mu fyuluta. Tikangochitika, timatsanulira madzi oyenera kuchokera m'khrisitu ku ketulo kapena poto. Kuperewera kwa jug ndi gwero laling'ono la makatoni osinthika (kuyambira 150 mpaka 400l). Ndiocheperako poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina ya zosefera, ndipo izi zimangofotokozedwa: Madzi kudzera mu fayilo yomwe imadutsa mopanda mphamvu yake, yomwe imatanthawuza kuti kuchuluka kwa mphamvu sikuyenera kukhala kwakukulu, mwanjira ina Madzi sadzayenda.Mwinanso zosefera kwambiri za zosefera zomwe zimatulutsa kampani yaku Germany. Kutha kwa mitundu ya mitundu ya 2.3-3.3l. Kuchuluka kwa madzi osefedwa, motero, 1.3-2.2l. Spout ya jugs yawo Brita imapereka chivundikirocho. Ngati, pogula mtundu wa aluna (12), wogula ayenera kutsatira kuti ndi nthawi yoti asinthe cartridge (kuti athe, mawonekedwe ake amaperekedwa ndi kalendala yomaliza, yomwe imasinthidwa komaliza ) Chifukwa chake, ndiye pogula almo mtundu (21-22), Space Space (10-11), Atlantis Memo (28), FJORD SEMO (36-37), Zimachotsa chosowa chotere. Awa jugs a Britawa adapereka chizindikiro chamagetsi cha ma cartridge. Ana kalelo, chinthu chatsopano chidawonekera mu kuphatikizidwa kwa kampani, fineelaio Premic Freese (mtengo 85).
Kwa mitundu yonse, mtundu wa chilengedwe chonse umagwiritsidwa ntchito (mtengo 4.5), yomwe ndi cylinder pulasitiki yodzazidwa ndi coconut oyambilira (siliva wosinthidwa), komanso zina zomwe amapanga . Ndinafotokoza chilankhulo cha wopanga, "kudzazidwa kwa cartrid kuli kokha kungosefa madzi osafunikira, komanso asiye zomwe zikufunika." Mtengo wambiri woyeretsa ndi pafupi 1rub. / L.
Makampani apakhomo sakudandaula kumbuyo. Chifukwa chake, "am'madzi" (Sank Petersburg) anasangalala ndi ogula omwe ali ndi zosefera zingapo zamiyendo zosiyanasiyana. Izi ndi "aquaphor Ultra" (Voliyumu 3l), "aquaphor gratis" (4l) ndi "am'madzi am'madzi" (4.8l). Kampaniyi imapereka zogulitsa zake ndi gawo losefera lapadziko lonse lapansi, osati kutsuka madzi, komanso kuchotsa madzi ochulukirapo pamavuto momwe zingafunikire. Zimagwiritsa ntchito mpweya wabwino "Aqualen". Tiyenera kudziwa kuti kampaniyo idalandira pa chitukuko cha America ndi 23 aku Russia. Mtengo wa zosefera ndi pafupifupi 320 rubles. Kuyeretsa mtengo - 0,35 rubles / l.
Kampani "Mentem Technology" (Bashikha) imapanganso mitundu itatu ya Jugs: "Verririr Grand" (Revel Vorive "(1.) Rubles)," zotchinga zotchinga "(zonse Voliyumu, madzi oyeretsedwa - 1,2l. Mtengo - 350. Mitundu ya wopanga imakhala ndi mitundu itatu ya makatoni: "chotchinga-4" - la ma carbon (kupatula madzi ozizira) ndi "chotchinga-5" okhoza kuyenda madzi othamanga. Mtengo woyeretsa ndi pafupifupi 0,3 rubles / l.
Fyuluta yake "Geyser-Griffin" adafunsanso "Geyser" (Sankt Petersburg). Thanki ya jug - 2l, kuthekera kwa kafukufuku wa filler ndi 1.3l. Mtengo - 355 pakani. The Jeg ali ndi imodzi mwamitundu itatu ya matomani. Ili ndi "griffin" - Erift "(mpaka 500 malita / miyezi itatu -) miyezi 1.5l / 300L / 3 miyezi). Iliyonse ya zinthu zosefera izi zimakhala ndi zigawo zingapo zoyeretsa, kapangidwe kake ndi chiwerengero chazofanana ndi kuipitsidwa kwamadzi. Chofunikira kwambiri kwazomwe zafalimbira ndi zoyambirira "Damerfer", zomwe, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chitsulo chosungunuka, ndipo chimachotsedwa mosavuta ndi zigawo zotsatirazi zomwe sizimachepetsa kuyamwa kwake kuthekera. Machesi ofananira chonchi amalola kuwonjezera moyo wa ntchito yazofalira. Mtengo woyeretsa, motero, mtundu wa katoni - 0,26; 0.32 ndi 0,52 rubles / l.
Kodi madzi ayenera kumwa chiyani?
Zizindikiro za Eloleptic . Kununkhiza ndi kukoma. Kuti athe kuwunika zisonyezo ziwirizi, kuchuluka kwa mfundo zisanu kumagwiritsidwa ntchito: 1 mfundo ndi yofooka kwambiri; 2 ndi wofooka; 3 - Zowoneka; 4- chodziwika; 5- olimba kwambiri. Madzi akumwa sayenera kukhala ndi kuyerekezera pamwamba pa mfundo ziwiri. Ndipo osati firiji, ndi 60c, pomwe fungo, ndipo kukoma kwake kumakulitsidwa mobwerezabwereza (mutha kukwezedwa mobwerezabwereza (mutha kutenganso njirayi). Zowona, zimatsimikiziridwa kuti onse, kufotokoza chilankhulo cha akatswiri, motero, komanso kuti, "kukoma" ndi "pa Nüh".
Mtundu si kanthu koma utoto. Ndizodabwitsanso madzi am'miyala ndipo imatha chifukwa cha zinthu zonse zachilengedwe ndi zomwe zimabwera ndi madzi otayidwa. Imayesedwa madigiri apadera (koma muyezo) poyerekeza ndi zonena zake. Chizindikiro sichiyenera kupitirira 20.
Turbidity (Transparerety) zimatengera kukhalapo kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono (kutsimikizika mwachindunji (kopepuka) mosavuta, sikuyenera kupitirira 1.5 mg / l) mwapadera Font ikhoza kuganiziridwa bwino nkhope ya mtanda). Chiyerekezo chachiwiri chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri chifukwa chimafunikira nthawi ndi ndalama zochepa. Kutalika kwa mzere wamadzi mu cylinder kuyenera kukhala osachepera 30 cm posankha kuwonongeka kwa font ndi 300 cm posankha mtanda.
Tikuganiza kuti mwamvetsetsa kale kuti zowerengera zonse zachilengedwe zomwe zili ndi njira zomwe zilipo zotsitsimula zimatha kukhala nzika.
Zosefera zaminerenti
Madzi m'mafayilo oterewa samangoyeretsedwa, komanso atadzaza ndi mchere wamchere kuchokera kudera lankhondo lapadera. Chifukwa chake, zida zoterezi zimatchedwa zosefera, koma ndi amayi oyandikana kapena kumwa madzi. Onsewa ali ndi conctict centract ya pulasitiki yowonekera, pamwamba pomwe pali chipinda cholandirira ndi mawu pafupifupi 3l, zosefera zimapezeka pansipa, ndipo pansi payokha ndizosunga (10-12l) ndi Dinani pakutulutsidwa kwa madzi oyera. Komanso, kampoyo siophweka, koma maginiki. Izi, malinga ndi opanga, "imapatsa madzi molecular wopanga ndipo amapereka ntchito yake yachilengedwe." Mfundo yofunika kwambiri ya zinthu zoterezi ndi yofanana ndi zosefera - mphesa: Madzi akuwoneka kudzera muzosamba. Opanga amakangana kuti imatsimikizira kuti amasula kwambiri kuposa kukakankhira mu fyuluta popanikizika ndi intaneti yothandizira.
Pakadali pano, machitidwe ngati amenewo amaperekedwa pamsika kwa makampani atatu. Chimodzi mwa magawano a kampani "Kukhit Somemma" amapanga "faffouse" (mtengo- 384Rub.), Kodi madzi amadutsa mu chiyani:
cartridge (kukhazikitsidwa);
Cartridge yamitundu yambiri (4000l) yomwe imakhala ndi siliva wopangidwa ndi siliva (imachotsa chlorine, nitrate ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo), cadneum, cadnesium), imachotsa asidi (amachotsa asidi), amachotsa asidi ndi Amasintha) ndi mchenga kuchokera kumichere ndi michere (matembenuzidwe acidity ndi madzi ndi mpweya wabwino);
Cartridge yokhala ndi zida za dzuwa (4000l), madzi opatsa mphamvu ndi michere ya michere ndi mchere (wamchere).
Kutsuka kwa mtengo - 0,58 pa.
Kehosan (South Korea) imapereka chida chamadzi chomwe mazira Ks-971 (mtengo wake 3500Rub.), Kodi madzi amadutsamo:
ma cartridge yoyamba yotsuka (yimbikiti mpaka zaka 2);
Cartridge cartridge yopangidwa ndi masigasi omwe amakhazikitsidwa kaboni, ion kusinthana ndi ma rin, a Zeoliramic Mitembo ndi Miyezi 6-8);
Cartridge cartridge yopangidwa ndi masigasi omwe amakhazikitsidwa kaboni, ion kusinthana ndi ma rin, a Zeoliramic Mitembo ndi Miyezi 6-8);
Kuyeretsa mtengo - 0.12 rubles / l.
"Ecomembra" imapereka zitsanzo zingapo zojambula-zowerengera zamadzi za dokotala wamadzi: "Classic" (mtengo, kuyambira 900), "p-sm3 / ns mini station "(yokhazikika kuyambira 6 mpaka 14 malita, zochulukitsa - kuyambira 10 malita, kuchokera ku 3000l, kuchokera 3800 mpaka 13,000.).
Zotsatira zosefera mu mitundu iyi zimakhazikika pakukhazikitsa kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso yotsekemera yocheperako ndikuwongolera muyeso "- filimu ya polymer imachitidwa pamlingo wocheperako-" (Microtubule) yokhala ndi mainchesi 0,2-0.3 mkm, omwe ali ndi kachulukidwe ka mpaka 400 miliyoni pa 1 cm2. Chida chotere 100% chimayeretsa madzi mabakiteriya ndi matenda a pathogenic, komanso chitsulo chachiwiri, chitsulo chovuta, zitsulo zolemera, zitsulo zolemera kwambiri Wopanga adatsimikizira mayeso ku Russia komanso zachilendo (madzi amatha kuyendetsa). Nthawi yomweyo, mchere wonsewo wamchere ndi zinthu zomwe zimachitika zimakhala m'madzi.
Mitundu Yopamwamba kwambiri ngati mgodi wa mchenga "Cormac" - Granated Coral calcium kuchokera kunyanja yaku Japan (ili ndi microelecles yoposa 80, imakhala ndi bacrididial). Kuphatikiza apo, pofuna kunyalanyaza, miyalayo imalemekezedwa ndi siliva wa siliva wocheperako.
Mtengo woyeretsa - 0,15 rubles / l.
Zipitilizidwa
Otsatsa zikomo kampani Brita, Akvophr, "madzi a" genyun "," laniks "," a metrocrand ", "n.n. Ryabchikova B.e. (FSUe VNII "Zidole") kuti muthandizire pokonzekera buku.