Zokhudza nkhani zovomerezeka ndi chilankhulo chosavuta komanso chotsika mtengo. Chatonthozo ndi chiyani? Kodi mawu ake ndi otani? Momwe mungasangalalire ndi nyimbo ndipo musasokoneze oyandikana nawo.
Chithunzi v.neplepledova
1 - Zowonetsedwa;
2 - otanganidwa;
3 - Zakale
1 - Garcket "Viitrosil-K" 6 mm;
2 - Slab Tollap;
3 - SIP-70 70 mm.
4 - scoop "shumanet-bm";
5 - Woteteza wa nsalu yopanda nsalu yopanda lutwoven.
6 - Acoustic clipso clipso;
7 - Mbiri yagalu yokweza ma clipmo panels;
8 - khoma
1 - Slab Tollap;
2 - "Shumannet-100";
3 - kunkriti zowongoka;
4 - Natket-yolimbitsa thupi;
5 - Lamuate
Munagula stereo kapena zisudzo zakunyumba. Adabweretsa, kukhazikitsidwa ndipo ... zingadye bwanji? Sanalandire "Kayfa". Zomveka ngati mtundu wina wa zosamveka, ndipo phonogram yodziwika bwino imamveka monse momwe ziyenera. Kuphatikiza apo, phokoso losiyanasiyana (kuphatikiza kuchokera ku nyumba zoyandikana) ndi makina ". Ndi pamwamba pa mnansiwo onsewo anayamba kugwera kukhoma, kukayikira "kusiya izi." Koma bwanji zidachitika? Tiyeni tiyesetse kuzindikira.
Gawo I. Phokoso. Chifukwa chiyani zidachitika?
Tiyeni tiyambe, monga iwo amati, "kuchokera pachipululu." Moyenereratu, ndi mtundu wa mawu, malamulo amagawidwa kwake komanso mawonekedwe ena a makutu amunthu.Phokoso lofananira ndi ma tinthu toscilatiory ya tinthu tating'onoting'ono tofana ndi ma elasting sing'anga mofatsa mu mawonekedwe a mafunde mumitengo, yamadzimadzi kapena sing'anga wolimba. AV ndi lingaliro lopapatiza, lomwe limadziwika ndi chiwalo chapadera chamunthu ndi nyama. Mwachidule, munagwedeza manja anu, ndikugunda mpirawo pansi kapena mawu amodzi okha omwe adasindikizidwa, ndipo mchipinda chimodzi chokha chomwe muli, mafunde omveka amabadwa, omwe ali ndi mphamvu. Mphepo imagwira ntchito kuchipinda (mphamvu), imapeza chotchinga (Khoma kapena chopitilira) ndipo limawoneka bwino kwambiri kuchokera kwa iyo. Gawo lina la kuchuluka kwa funde limasungunuka mu chotchinga (chobalalika kapena kuyamwa mphamvu), kutembenuza mphamvu ya mafuta. Gawo labwinobe "limaphwanya" kudzera mu chotchinga ndikutuluka mbali inayo (mphamvu yakale).
Tiyeni tidziwitsenso nthawi yomweyo: Kuwona uku kuti tinagawika m'deralo. Choyamba, tikambirana za malingaliro a anthu makutu amunthu ndipo timawafotokozeratu, ndipo mafunde omwazikana komanso am'mbuyomu adzasiyidwa malinga ndi gawo lachiwiri ndi lachitatu.
Mothandizidwa ndi ziwalo zomva, munthu amazindikira mayendedwe a oscilatory Air, kusiyanitsa pafupipafupi ndi nyonga. Amakhulupirira kuti timamva mafunde okhawo ndi pafupipafupi 16 mpaka 20000Z. Koma m'mitundu iyi, maulendo osiyanasiyana amadziwika ndi khutu laumunthu. Ndikofunika kumva maulendo otchedwa otchedwa avarfies (kuyambira 500 mpaka 2000hz) ndi zokambirana ndi phokoso. Onse otsika (16-500 Hz) ndi apamwamba (2000-20000hz) amadziwika kuti amayamikira. Phokoso lokhala ndi pafupipafupi 20000gz limatha kumva makanda ambiri. Kutali, kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa anthu ambiri kuli kokha kwa 17,000-18000 Hz, ndipo kwa ukalamba kumafika ku 15000 Hz. Kuti muwone mawuwo, chisonyezo cha kuchuluka kwake kwa mphamvu yake l ndi magawo apadera a muyeso wa Desibel (DB) amathandizidwa. Pakhomo la kumva kwa anthu limafanana ndi kukakamiza kwa 0 DB (210-5Pa). Kuti mudziwe zovuta zomwe zingachitike pakumva zothandizira anthu, njira yapadera komanso sikelo, yomwe imapangitsa kuti ziwonekere phokoso la spectra yosiyanasiyana.
Tsopano zokhudza chilumbu chachindunji. M'chinenedwe cha Vuscia, chodabwitsa cha kuwonetsa chimatchedwa echo, mu Chingerezi. REVEB (mochedwa. Reveratio-polemba kuchokera ku LAT. REVEMOMOMOMOMOMOMOMOMY) - njira yolumikizira pang'onopang'ono m'malo otsekeka mkati mwa magwero ake. Kutalika kwa chiwiya chotere kumadziwika ndi Reverb nthawi yomwe kukula kwa mawu kumatsika nthawi 106, ndipo mulingo wake ndi 60 DB. Nthawi yosinthiratu ndiye yayikulu kwambiri kukula kwa chipindacho komanso kuchepera kuyamwa kwa mawu omwe ali pamwamba. Chizindikiro ichi sichinthu chofunikira chomwe chimapangitsa chipindacho. Ndi nthawi yosinthira zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri zolankhula ndi nyimbo m'chipindacho, pamene ophunzirawo akuwona mawu achindunji motsutsana ndi maziko a momwe akuwonekera. Chidule chobwezeretsa tsiku ndi tsiku chimawoneka, mwachitsanzo, mu nyumba yatsopano, osadzaza mipando. Pankhaniyi, mumamva zowongoka ndipo mumaganizira za kapangidwe kake ndikumveka kwa inu ndi kuchedwa kwina.
Chifukwa chiyani zonse zili tsatanetsatane wasayansi? Ndipo podziwa kuti popanda iwo zingakhale zovuta kumvetsetsa zina mwa malingaliro a mawu ndi khutu la anthu.
Tiyeni tiyambe ndikuti chifukwa chakuti zinthu zinamukhumudwitsa kwa anthu, zinandionetsera bwino kwambiri zomwe zimachitika m'nkhalango, koma osati malo otseguka (malo otsekedwa). Anthu amakhala odziwa nthawi zonse mu sing'anga pomwe pali phokoso losiyanasiyana lamphamvu kwambiri (palibenso chete m'nkhalango), koma nthawi yomweyo palibe mawu okweza (phokoso loterolo lomwe siliri , ndipo pamakhala mabingu osakhalitsa, phokoso la madzi, mvula, kubangula kwa nyama It.d., ndipo amathingiridwa ndi mitengo). Zachilengedwe kuti pakumva kwa anthu ndikupezeka kwa mawu onse a Reverb (zowoneka kuchokera pamitengo) ndikuchedwa masentimita angapo a sewero. Ndipo chizindikiro chowonetsera ichi chikuwoneka kuti chikukula kwambiri ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yowutsa mudyo. Nthawi yomweyo, mtundu wa mitengoyo umasiyana munjira zosiyanasiyana zimawonetsera maulendo osiyanasiyana. Ikulemba mawu owoneka bwinowo alipo (pokhapokha kuchokera pansi, ndipo amathetsedwa mosiyanasiyana ndi chitsamba cha hebleble). Ndipo munthuyo, akuzindikira kuti ndi chizindikiro chachindunji chokha, chimataya kumverera kwa mawu abwino kumakhala "youma".
Kodi ndi nthawi yanji yowoneka bwino yomwe ikuwonetsedwa imamverera bwino kwambiri? Akatswiri acoustics amakhulupirira kuti ili pafupi 0.02c (nthawi yakuchedwetsa mawu owoneka bwino kuchokera pa chotchinga cha 3.5 m). Chizindikiro chokhala ndi nthawi yocheperako (mwachitsanzo, chikuwoneka kuchokera ku chotchinga pamtunda wa 1, kuchedwa kwa nkhaniyi ndi 0,006c), khutu laumunthu silikuwoneka bwino ("louma" louma). Chabwino, ndipo chizindikiro chomwe chimachedwa kwambiri kuposa 1.5 ° C, ndikusiya mawu owongoka, chimapangitsa kuti ukhale wosagwirizana - umawoneka kuti ukumva izi, koma simungathe kukhala ndi mtunda wautali Kuyesetsa, sizotheka kusokoneza chilichonse --Taki kulengeza wokamba nkhani).
Mlingo wa 20-30db umatengedwa ngati wopanda vuto kwa munthu, izi zitha kunenedwa, phokoso lachilengedwe. Phokoso losakhazikika (m'malo mwake limawonedwa kuti ndi phokoso) mu 35-50db, munthuyo mwanzeru amazindikira (ngakhale ali pano onse payekhapayekha, mawu a munthu wina amasokoneza kwambiri). Pa mawu akulu, 80dba ndi malire ovomerezeka. Mphukira za mulingo wa 80-90dba zimayambitsa zokhumudwitsa, mulingo wa 120-130dbasses, ku 150db, kuwonongeka kosasinthika kwa zaka za atomiki kumaphulika ndi mawu a 190db). Phokoso Lililonse Kukula Mokwanira Kwa Munthu Kwa Nthawi yayitali kumatha kuchepetsedwa kwa ntchito (pamiyeso yayitali, mphekesera zimayamba kuwonongeka pambuyo pake, zadziwika kale, zitatha 10 -15 zaka). Kuphatikiza apo, phokoso limavulaza ziwalo za m'masomphenya ndi zida zapamwamba kwambiri, zimachepetsa ntchito komanso zimayambitsa matenda amisala. Koma mwangokhala chete (i.e. popanda zizindikiro zomveka kuchokera kunja), palibe aliyense wa ife sangathe. Mwachitsanzo, munthu woyikidwa mu kamera yapadera kwambiri, mphindi 10 imayamba kuona nkhawa zamphamvu ("zina zomwe zidachitika! Palibe chidziwitso chomveka bwino!"), M'mphindi 15, ali ndi kulira m'makutu ( Njira yoteteza thupi imayambitsidwa. Malizitsani chete), amatha kuchita mantha komanso ngakhale kupsinjika kwamphamvu. Mlandu wa 25Dbe kwa anthu amakhala omasuka kwambiri, samvera, koma "kulira" chete sikuwapondereza.
Mwanjira yabwino yolankhula ndi nyimbo, munthu ayenera kukhala m'malo omwe zinthu zinamuthandiza - m'chipinda choti mulibe phokoso lalitali, osakhala chete, koma pali omvera pang'ono (omasuka) ) Palibe alendo omwe akutuluka phokoso. Inde, zonse zili. Ichi ndichifukwa chake palibe anthu omwe sangakonde kumvera chiwalocho, piano kapena nyimbo zomwe zili mubwalo la nyimbo, koma nyimbo yomweyo zimapangitsa, si aliyense amene amakonda. Osakwanira zowoneka bwino kwambiri komanso mawu osachedwa pang'ono. Inde, ndipo phokoso lapamwamba la nyumbayo lingasokoneze. Koma ngati mukuyang'ana konsati kapena kubalanso kujambula kwa m'nyumba, komwe, kuwonjezera pa mawu olumala, chizindikiro chowoneka bwino chidzawonekera ndikuloza chimodzimodzi ndi chipinda chino .
Komabe, izi zimagwira ntchito kwa zolemba zakale za zitsanzo zakale, zomwe akatswiri chifukwa cha kusowa kwa mawu amatchedwa "lathyathyathya". Njira zamakono zimakulolani kuti mupereke mawuwo. Amalembedwa mu studio yapadera, chida chilichonse payokha. Phokoso lonse lowonjezera ndi mawomba amachotsedwa ku mbiri. Kenako zida zodalitsika wina ndi mnzake, chifukwa mawu a woimbayo. Koma izi sizingokhala izi. Kenako, injiniya wamawu amapanga zotulukapo zomveka ndi kuwonjezera zomwe sizinali zolembedwa mu studio - electronic echo. Inde, tikulankhula za Reverb. Zotsatira zake, mawuwo amakonzedwa ndipo ali kale "ali ndi vuto" pa mbiri. Zimangoberekanso monga momwe zalembedwera, ndipo zimakondwera.
Kodi mavuto azovuta ndi ati?
Pambuyo poganiza ndi malingaliro ndi malamulo a magawidwe a mawu, tibwezeretse pang'ono polowera mu ndemanga iyi. Moona mtima, pokopa chithunzi chomvetsa chisoni chonchi pazinthuzo, ifedi, zinakokomeza. Chifukwa cholephera chimayembekezera wogula wa stereo dongosolo kapena malo othawirako kutali ndi milandu yonse. Mwachitsanzo, ambiri a iwo omwe, pogula dongosolo loterolo, amakhazikitsa chipinda cha "wamba" (nthawi zambiri kumakhala chipinda chogona), atha kupeza zotsatira zokwanira. Zitha kukhala zokhutiritsa pazifukwa ziwiri. Choyamba, kupezeka mchipinda chamoyo, mipando (makamaka yofewa) ndi malo ena apanyumba ndi "zoopsa" chizindikiro. Kachiwiri, m'chipinda chochezera, chomwe ndi chipinda chomvetsera kujambula mawu, ndipo zisudzo za nyumba, monga lamulo, osati zida zodula kwambiri zomwe zimakhazikitsidwa. Chifukwa chake, ngati, chifukwa cha zolakwa za m'chipindacho, mawu ena amatayika, sizingachitike.
Koma izi zimawoneka ngati zabwino sizitanthauza kuti palibe mavuto ndipo sadzabwera m'malo mwanu. Zingakhale zochulukirapo kuposa izi, mukangochulukitsa voliyumu, mavutowa adzazindikira nthawi yomweyo. Kodi chingachitike ndi chiyani? Mwachitsanzo, amatha kuyambitsa galasi. Onse awiriwa ndi antchito (osanenapo mbale zomwe zili mmenemo). Mawindo akuluakulu akuluakulu amatha kugwira ntchito ngati nembanemba ndikuwunikiranso ngakhale mawuwo, m'madzi ena obwera chifukwa cha mawu obwera. Chifukwa chake, kuchokera pakuwona chitonthozo cha acoushicco, ndibwino ngati mawindo awiri a chipinda chaikidwa m'mawindo. Ndipo osati ndi quadmilmilmilmilmilmilsimes omwewo, koma ndi magalasi ang'onoang'ono, pankhaniyi, kuposa makulidwe awo, omwe amachepetsa mawonekedwe a kapangidwe kake kake kuti galasi liyamba kuvala. Mwachitsanzo, sizabwino kugwiritsa ntchito kapu yokhala ndi fomula 6-4-5mm, komanso bwinoko, ndi formula 4-6 (makulidwe amachepetsedwa kuchokera kunja kwa mkati). Araz, tinalankhula za kufooka kwa mawu, ziyenera kudziwidwa kuti chisonyezo ichi chitha kuchepetsedwa ndikugwiritsa ntchito galasi lotchedwa "Asymmetric, lomwe galasi wamba limayandikira mpaka pang'ono. Chipinda chagalasi chotere sichimangotiteteza motsutsana ndi phokoso lakumanja, koma osagwirizana. Kuthekera kwa remonance kumachepetsedwa ndipo pogwiritsa ntchito Windows yolekanitsidwa ndi masitepe (kuti gawo la machubu wamba omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito linali laling'ono momwe angathere.
Mavuto amatha kuchokera pawindo. Mawonekedwe a malingaliro a acoustics pulasitiki ndi oyipa kwambiri kuposa momwe zimapangidwira chipboard, chifukwa pali zipilala zamkati. Za kapangidwe ka mawindo ndi zenera, mwachilengedwe, ndikofunikira kuganiza ngakhale musanakhazikitsidwe. Kodi mumachita chilichonse, ngati china chilichonse chiripo kale ndipo zonse pamodzi zimapangitsa kuti zinthu zikhale zovuta? Mu ena (koma, mwatsoka, si onse) milandu imatha kuthandiza makatani olimba mtima. Mutha kulangizirabe kukhazikitsa zotsekera kwambiri zamkati zomwe zidzatsekedwa panthawiyo kuonera kanema kapena kumvetsera nyimbo.
Kuphatikiza apo, zovuta zazikulu zitha kuyembekezeredwa ndi pansi, makamaka - zokhala ndi zamiyala. Izi zokutira zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe ake m'malo olimba motero zimawonetsa zolimba kwambiri kuposa matabwa (parquet, bolodi yayikulu). Kupulumutsa kumatanthauza (ngakhale, osati nthawi zonse) kumatha kukhala kapeti. Ndi makhoma ndi magawo. Makamaka zovuta zambiri zimatha kubweretsa zojambula zowoneka bwino, zokutidwa ndi wosanjikiza wina wa pulasitala, yemwe ali ndi malowa. Kugawana koteroko kumayamba kunjenjemera ndikusinthanso kuchuluka kwa galasi lalikulu. Mutha kulangizira pano izi. Choyamba, zigawo za Drimewall ziyenera kukhala ziwiri, ndikuziza misozi imodzi yosanjikira inayo. Kachiwiri, pamene kusonkhana, ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse zomata zomwe zimaphatikizira pulasitala ku chimango (musaiwale kuwongolera!). Ndipo, zachidziwikire, malo amkati a gawo logawana ayenera kudzazidwa ndi zinthu zokongola kwambiri. Ndikwabwino ngati mapangidwe omwe adzadalira ma slable, riglels, matabwa onyamula, koma ayi, koma ayi, sakhala pa makosi kapena pansi. Momwe mungathanirane ndi kugwedezeka kwa magalasi ndi mbale, timaganiza, ndi bwino kungochotsa mtumikiyo kuchokera ku "sinema".
Nthawi zambiri ndimakhala ndi zosafunikira zochititsa chidwi kwambiri, izi "zabwino", zomwe mtengo wake umanenedwa, kuyesayesa kwa Titanic kunaperekedwa kuti nyumba ikhale chipinda chosiyana. Ndipo anthu awa mwina akukhumudwitsidwa. Akanakhoza! Wodzaza chipinda chapadera, adapeza zida zodula- ndipo ndi inu! Phokoso lake ndilokuti patatha mphindi zochepa sindikufuna chilichonse kuti mumvere kapena kuwoneka, koma chimangokoka kungochoka m'chipindacho posachedwa. Kodi chimapangitsa kuti pakhale kusasangalala bwino? Pazifukwa zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa, ndikofunikira kuwonjezera zina ziwiri. Zowunikira zoyambirira ndi nthawi yake zimapitilira kwambiri zomwe zimalimbikitsa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti "zotchedwa" phokoso laphokoso ". Chachiwiri, mawonekedwe oyipa a chipindacho. Mwachitsanzo, m'matumba "nthawi zambiri pamakhala" funde laima "- m'malo ena phokoso limakulitsidwa, ndipo ena, m'malo mwake, m'malo mwake, m'malo mwake, zimafooketsa. Ndipo zonse chifukwa cha zomwezi, chifukwa chowoneka ngati chizindikiro cha pulayimale. Zovuta zina zomwe sizingachitike zimatha kuchitika. Mwachitsanzo, zochitika za "echo laundana" (limawoneka pakati pa makoma awiri ofanana) ndi "mawu am'mimba" (kuyendera bwino kuchokera pa ngodya ziwiri kapena zitatu pakona).
Momwe mungathane nalo? Njira yoyamba yolimbana ndi yopindulitsa. Mwachitsanzo, kuti athetse "mawu olumala", ndizotheka kupanga makoma a "sinema" osafanana ndi thandizo la ma shoni owuma (ndi kupatuka ndi 3). Kapena pangani mawonekedwe a mitengo ndi ngodya m'chipindacho pogwiritsa ntchito pigsterboard kapena mipando. Zimathandizanso kukhazikitsa pasila, kukula kwake komwe kumatengera kukula kwa holo (akatswiri ali ndi malingaliro apadera pa izi). Onsewa, mwa zina, ndipo mu kachitatu, kufalikira kwa mawu, kumayamba kuwonetsedwa pa ngodya zomwe zimasiyana ndi 90. Zotsatira zake mwachangu, monga akatswiri azomera ndi mwayi wowoneka bwino kuti nthawi iliyonse chipindacho ndipo mbali iliyonse imakhala yomveka bwino komanso pafupipafupi. Ndiye kuti, mfundo zonse mkati mwake zidzakhala "zamtengo wapatali".
Kuchokera pamalingaliro a geometry, zimakhala bwino ngati chipindacho chikufanana ndi gawo la Gold. Chiwerengero cha kutalika ndi kutalika ndi 1 / 0.68 / 0.62. Kuphatikiza apo, chipindacho sichiyenera kukhala chotsika kwambiri (chochepera 22 cm). Ngati ndizolondola (mwachitsanzo, ndichipinda chapansi), sikuyenera kuyesetsa kupanga maulendo angapo otsika sikungakhale kogwirizana.
Njira yachiwiri, kuyankhula ndi chinenerochi, ndiye "kukonza" chipinda chogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zapadera zopangira zinthu zina. Amagawidwa kukhala ochita bwino komanso kusokonekera kwa mawu, ndipo aliyense wa iwo ndiomveka kusiya zambiri.
| Malaya | Cholimba | Dziko | Makulidwe, mm. | Kukula, mm. | Kachulukidwe, kg / m3 | Zogwirizana ndi matenthedwe, w / (MK) | Malingaliro okoma | Mtengo, $ / m3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nobasil M. | Izomat. | Slovakia | 40-220 | 500, 6001000 | 30, 35, 50, 75 | 0.034-0.036 | 125hz- 0.2-0.35; 1000zz- 0.7-0.75; 4000hz- 0.35-04 | 40-85 Hover. Kuchokera kwa Wamkulu |
| Parroc sali. | Parroc. | Watimayinso | 30-200. | 565-870920-1320 | makumi atatu | 0.0335-0.0365 | Rw lp - kuyambira 40 mpaka 70db mu pafupipafupi kuyambira 50 mpaka 3150 hz | 52.5 |
| Paroco SSB. | Parroc. | Watimayinso | 30-50 | 12001800. | 100 | 0.034 | Rw np-21-70db mu frequency kuyambira 50 mpaka 3150hz | 229,4. |
| Ura n 60 * | "Fayilo-chudovo" | Ndeges | 19-100 | 6001250. | 60. | 0.033 | 125hz- 0.09; 500Z- 0.53; 2000hz- 0.95 | 92.7 |
| Ura P 45 * | "Fayilo-chudovo" | Ndeges | 20-60 | 6001250. | 45. | 0.034 | 125Hz- 0.1; 500Z- 0.64; 2000hz- 0.97 | 74,1 |
| Isoko kt-11 * | Saint-Gobiain Isover | Finland, Poland, Russia | 50 ndi 100. | 12007000, 14000. | khumi chimodzi | 0.041 | Rw lp - kuyambira 40 mpaka 59dB | 26,4. |
| Isowa KL-E * | Saint-Gobiain Isover | Finland, Russia | 50 ndi 100. | 1220565. | khumi ndi mphabu zinayi | 0.038. | Rw lp - kuyambira 40 mpaka 59dB | 30.4 |
| Asowa kl * | Saint-Gobiain Isover | Finland, Russia | 50 ndi 100. | 910610. | khumi ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi | 0.036 | Rw lp - kuyambira 40 mpaka 59dB | 41.9 |
| Asinya * | Saint-Gobiain Isover | Watimayinso | 30, 40, 50 | 1200600. | 85. | 0.033 | Rw np - 35-36DB, RW PD- 54-57DB | 208.6 |
| Ma batts owala | Rodwool. | Thumbo | 50-200. | 1000600. | 35. | 0.036 | 125Hz- 0.32; 1000zz- 0.93; 4000hz- 0.35-0.4 | 39.5 |
| * - Pamwamba pa zida za heberglass siziyenera kukhalabe otseguka. RW-kuchepetsa mawu ofooketsa, kutengera kapangidwe: RW LP- pa zigawo zowunikira; Rw np- kayazikulu zokhala zopanda pake pazakudya zonyolima; Rw pd- mu mapangidwe a pansi pamiyala yamatabwa |
Gawo ii. Malingaliro Omveka
Tsopano ndi nthawi yoti mulankhule za kuloweza ndi chopingacho (Khoma, denga, pansi) cha mafunde omveka akuchokera ku minda ya cinema. Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito tanthauzo la ma evicleoplopedia akuluakulu a Soviet, ndiye kuti mphamvu ya zinthuzo imayenera chifukwa cha mawonekedwe awo owoneka bwino ndipo kupezeka kwa ziwalo zambiri zotseguka zolumikizana. Kukhazikitsidwa kwathunthu kuloza 75% voliyumu. " Monga mukudziwa, zinthu wamba zomangira zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe ofunikira kwambiri, chifukwa chake sayenera kuti azilankhula za luso lawo lolimba. Mwachitsanzo, konkriti, njerwa, ma ceramic ali ndi njira yopepuka yazomera pafupifupi 0,05, matabwa-0.15. Zinthu zomaliza malinga ndi kuchepa kwazinthu zabwino pang'ono pang'ono - Pulagi ili ndi njira yopepuka yokhazikika yokha mwa 0,2, ndiye kuti, sizosiyana kwambiri ndi mtengowo. Pomaliza, kuphatikiza kokhazikika kwa matope am'mimba kuli pamlingo wa 0,2-0.25. Chifukwa chake, ngati timalankhula za zinthu zotsekemera komanso zomangira, kenako zapadera zokha. Adzadzipereka kumbali imeneyi.Malo omwe amapangidwa ndi makoma opangidwa ndi makoma a pores otseguka amathandizira kuti kusintha kwamphamvu kwamphamvu kwa osmal. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kutaya mkangano. Mwachidule, funde la mawu liyenera kulowa mu ma pores a mamolekyulu a Air pamenepo komanso chifukwa cha mamolekyulu omwe akutuluka mwachindunji pakati pa mamolekyulu ndi pakati pa manyowa, amapitilira, ndikusandutsa kutentha.
Kuchita bwino kwa mawu akuti kumayerekezedwa ndi kuyamwa kofanana kofanana ndi kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa mafunde omwe amayamba kugwa pamagetsi. Kuchulukitsa kwa nthawi zonse kumakhala kwakukulu kuposa 0, koma ochepera 1.
Zida zophatikizira zomveka zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe ang'onoang'ono, kapena ma cell kapena ogawika m'magulu malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa kuuma: zofewa, zosakhwima, cholimba.
Zida zofunda zofewa zimapangidwa pamaziko a ubweya wa mchere kapena fiberglass. Mabukuwa akuphatikiza ma sams kapena ma rolls okhala ndi kuchuluka kwa makilogalamu 70 ndi m3 ndi kuyamwa kokwanira kuchokera pa 0,7 mpaka 0.95. Tili ndi gulu la gulu lotere lomwe lakhala likugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi maonekedwe abwino, ngati ubweya wa thonje, kumverera, etc.
Zida zolimba zimaphatikizapo ubweya wa mchere kapena minyewa ya fiberglass ndi kuchuluka kwa 80 mpaka 130kg / m3 ndi mawonekedwe azomwe amangoyerekeza pafupifupi 0.5-0.75. Tili ndi gulu lochita zinthu zolimbitsa thupi zomwe zili ndi ma cellular - chithovu cha polyirethane, polystyrene chiuno cha it.p.
Zipangizo zolimba zimakhala ndi zochuluka za 300-400kg / m3 ndi kuyamwa kokwanira pafupifupi 0,5. Zopangidwa pamaziko a ubweya wa glanular kapena michere. Gulu lomwelo limaphatikizanso zinthu, zomwe zimaphatikizapo zowoneka bwino - perlite woyenda, vermiculite, pumice.
Mwachilengedwe, zipinda zapakhomo mogwirizana ndi kuchepetsa kutaya kwa malo, ndizopindulitsa kugwiritsa ntchito zida zokwanira, ndiye kuti, zofewa. Ndi omwe amaperekedwa ndi msika wamakono monga zolaula zomveka. Izi ndi zinthu zopangidwa ndi makampani am'madzi a fiberglass-gogain asure (Finland, Poland, Russia), Ordark-Chroc), Parcoc), Inland (Fraland). Zipangizo zoterezi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakutulutsa nyumba zomanga (mutha kuwerenga zambiri m'nkhaniyi "
Kutentha kwa nyumba yanu. "). Zosangalatsa za zinthu izi, kupatula katundu wamtundu wambiri, ziyenera kuphatikizapo kuchepetsa, hydrophobicity, kukana moto, nthunzi ndi tizirombo sizingolowa.
Zofanana ndi katundu, koma osafunidwanso konsekonse, koma chifukwa cha ubweya waubweya wapadera wa basalt pamabasi "shumanet-bm" (kampani "). Amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati pakati pazinthu zapakatikati pamalongosola onunkhira okhala ndi zojambula zotetezedwa, zowunikira kuchokera ku ma sheet a glc ndi gvl kapena mawu ena osonyeza zida, komanso "kuyandama" pansi.
Kuperewera kwa zinthu zomwe zalembedwa ndizofala: amafunikira kutsekedwa kwina. Izi zitha kuchitika, mwachitsanzo, ndi chouma, koma zikawonetsa mawuwo komanso tanthauzo lomwe limatha kutaya thupi limatha kugwirira ntchito. Chifukwa chake ndibwino kutseka pansi ndi nsalu kapena chophimba.
Kutsika komwe kunafotokozedwa kumachotsedwa ntchito zapadera ndi kapangidwe kake. Zoyipa kwambiri, zimangofunika ndalama kapena kupaka utoto, zimakhala zokonzeka kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yomweyo mutakhazikitsa. Kuphatikiza pa kuti zinthuzi ndi zosemphana ndi moto, zochezeka komanso zaukhondo, zimakhalanso zokongola. Nambala iyenera kutchulidwa:
Madelo ophatikizika ndi matope a ecophon panels opangidwa ndi gulu la Saint Gobiain pa sweden: Ecophoni ku Sweson ndi Isover Brand (kuno) mtundu wa Ecophy wasintha mtundu wa AKusta. Tikuganiza, kwa nthawi yayitali kuti tiyankhule za zinthu zomwe sizili zofuna izi - zimaperekedwa pamsika wathu nthawi yayitali. Tiyeni tingonena kuti zida zopanga za ku Finland zinali ndi "zochepa" zochepa. Koma mitengo ya iwo pansi. Nkhope imakutidwa ndi galasi. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Sweden ndi yopingasa kwambiri: Pano mutha kupeza malo owongoka ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamphesa (kuphatikizakukulolani kuti mupange dongosolo lomwe limayimitsidwa kwathunthu) ndi ma baclineated matayala. Komabe, lolani zithunzi kuti zinene za mwayi wopanga. Kuyang'ana nkhope kumakhala ndi zokutira zapadera za Akotex T, mwamtheradi osaletsa kulowa kwa mafunde a mawu mkati mwa gululi komanso ngakhale kuwunikira.
Mbale zopangidwa ndi gypsum mawu ophatikizidwa ndi ma ppgs opangidwa ndi Kniaf (Russia). Maonekedwe a iwo, kumene, ndiophweka kuposa zopangidwa ndi zachilengedwe, koma mtengo wake ndiwokwera kwambiri.
Cloustic yotambasulira masamba opangidwa ndi gulu limodzi. Polyester Polystera Canchat ndi zokutira polyirethane. Kenako, imabisala wosanjikizayo "shemannetnet-bm", yokhazikika pa konkriti. Kutha kwa mawonekedwe a denga lapameneko kumakhala kochepa kwambiri kuposa zinthu za Ecokhon, koma kulibe mtunda umodzi pansi.
Panels saundolux ("zinthu zopangira maluso ndi matekinoloje) okhala ndi nyumba zopangidwa ndi chitsulo, mkati mwake. Ubwino waukulu ndi mawonekedwe odabwitsa, "anti-vind okhalamo" kutsogolo ndi kuthekera kodzipatsira mtundu uliwonse malinga ndi kalankhulidwe ka ral popanda kuwonongeka.
Mappsil Panels (Mapypy, Italy). Sunthani kuchokera ku foalad polyamide (thovu la thovu). Mbali yakumbuyo ndi yosalala, yakunja ili ndi piramidi ya, funde kapena trapezoid, yomwe imawonjezera mawonekedwe a mawonekedwe a mapanelo.
Sonasprey adawombera zokutira (ukadaulo wa US ndi zida). Ichi ndi zovuta zonse zokhala ndi ulusi wapachiwiri wa cellulose, kumanga, kuperekera mankhwala ndi zowonjezera zapadera. Kuphimba kumachotsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito kukhazikitsa kwapadera. Makulidwe a wosanjikiza kapangidwe "pansi pa chovala cha ubweya" - kuyambira 2 mpaka 4 cm. Zinthu zachuma. Ndizothandiza kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwambiri ma geometric, ndiye kuti, pomwe zotayika zina zaphokoso sizikugwira ntchito.
Kuyika thumba laphokoso?
Mukakhazikitsa njira zamakono, momwe mizati imakhalira patsogolo, mbali ndi mbali (mwachitsanzo, njira zisanu ndi imodzi, 5 + 1, chipinda chonsecho chikuyenera kukonzedwa bwino ndi zinthu zotsekemera (zina? zomveka bwino komanso zowoneka bwino. Koma sikofunikira kuyesetsa kufotokozera za akatswiri, "kumira m'chipindacho" (ndiko kuti, kutseka makhoma ndi mapanelo ofunda) - m'chipinda chotere sichingatheke kuti chikhale chitonthozo. Mwachitsanzo, posowa mawu ophatikizidwa, chete kudzakhala "kulira" kuno, ndi chete kotere, monga tazindikira kale, munthuyo sakugwiritsidwa ntchito.
Gawo III. Phokoso
Zachidziwikire kuti wowerenga watcheru wawona kale kuti chodabwitsa chomwe timachitchulira chomwe timatchula mosiyana: mawu amenewo, ndiye phokoso. Chowonadi ndichakuti mzere pakati pa malingaliro awiriwa ndilofunika kwambiri. Kwa aliyense wa ife, mawu ndi chinthu chomwe chidziwitso chofunikira chili pakadali pano (pokhapokha ngati, kodi, mphamvu ya phokoso ili silikupitilira malire ovomerezeka). Ashum ndiye kuti pakali pano chidziwitso chothandiza sichoncho. Zonyansa? Fotokozani zosavuta. Mukuyang'ana kanema mu kanema wanyumba ndi mtundu wa 70dba ndikusangalala. Zomwe mumamvetsera ndi mawuwo. ABS ndi nthawi yotsatira. Apongozi anu akuyesera kuti muwerenge bukuli (chabwino, sindimakonda filimuyo yomwe mukuwonera). Chifukwa chake, kwa iye, zomwe zimabwera kukhoma ndi phokoso. Aesley mu chipinda china ndi mwana wanu ndi angina ndi kutentha kwambiri? Zikuwonekeratu kuti muyenera kunong'oneza bondo (oyandikana nawo sanenanso). Ndipo, zikutanthauza kuti tili ndi inu nthawi yoti tiyankhule za mafunde, iwo omwe adutsa chotchinga (Khoma, denga, pansi) chipinda chodyeramo, ndipo nthawi yomweyo mawu omwe amalowa Kuchokera kunja. Ndiye kuti, za phokoso ndi phokoso losasunthika, ndendende, mawu omveka bwino.Kumveketsa
Phokoso lamlengalenga, lomwe limapangidwa mlengalenga mu gwero lililonse (zolankhula, zokulitsa zida), zomwe zimachitika pakuwunikira zomangamanga (poyamba, poyendetsa kapena (kuthamanga kapena (kuchita) kapena Osapatsa Mulungu!) kudumpha. Ngati phokoso lokonza lakhumi ndi lakhumi, likumveka Lachiwiri, ndiye phokoso lomwe limatchedwa "zopangidwa", zomwe zimafikira ku zinthu zomanga. Chifukwa chiyani mukufunikira kukambirana za mitundu yonse itatu yamiyendo ndi yofananira ndi phokoso losonyeza? Ngati mukuyang'ana kanema wokhala ndi mawu a "abwino", mwina simudzamva momwe mchipinda chotsatira mkazi wanga adasinthira pa TV kapena wailesi, koma osati kuti mkazi akutembenukira Pa TV, kumveka kwa sinema kudzamva kuyimilira). Pamwamba pa oyandikana nawo kapena phokoso la kubowola kuchokera pamwamba mudzamva kwenikweni.
Ndikofunika kuyambira kuti kuthekera komveka bwino sikulinso chikhalidwe cha zinthu chimodzi (konkriti, njerwa, galasi icho.), Ndipo kapangidwe ka kapangidwe kazinthu zopangidwa ndi nkhaniyi. Chifukwa chiyani? Choyamba, chifukwa chimayimirira mu kapangidwe kake kapena ming'alu, monga zoyesayesa zonse za malo osungirako zikulumbirira - phokoso lakunja limadzaza chipindacho. Ndiye kuti, mawonekedwe a mawonekedwe a kapangidwe kake kake kochuluka zimatengera mawonekedwe ake. Komanso kuchokera kuzomwe zidapangidwa, zimadaliranso. Mwachitsanzo, kuyambira konkriti, kapangidwe kochititsa chidwi kakuwoneka kosavuta kuposa, tinene, kuchokera ku ubweya, ngakhale panali zinthu zabwino kwambiri. Kuthyola makoma kungodutsa. Misa ndi chiyani? Tiyeni tiwone.
Tiyeni tiyambe ndi mawu. Mawu akuti "kuyamwidwa mawu" ndi "kutanthauza" poyamba kuwonekanso chimodzimodzi. Koma kokha koyambirira. Vuto la kuyamwa bwino ndikuchotsa phokoso m'chipinda chomwe chimawonekera. Mwachidule, iyi ndi ntchito yosangalatsa phokoso, musalole kuti lingaganizire za cholepheretsa kuchipinda kuti ipititse patsogolo. Ntchito ya kukoka komveka sikulola phokoso kuti lidutse khoma la chipindacho. Ndipo zimapangitsa kuti ikhale makamaka. Zotsatira zake, zida zothetsa ntchito zosiyanasiyanazi zimafunikiranso zosiyana. ABED ndi kapangidwe kake koteteza kuti iwo ndi ena azipezekapo.
Ngati mumapanga "nyumba" yaying'ono kuchokera ku ma ecophon mapanelo a Ecophy, ikani pakatikati pake ndikufuula mofuula, ndiye kufuula kwanu, ndiye kuti kukuwazani nokha kuti musamve mawu azomwe amatenga mapanelo. Avota munthu atayimirira pafupi ndi "nyumba", kufuula, afokeke, koma mawuwo atsala. Koma mukamamanga nyumba yomweyo ya konkriti, yomwe ndiime munthu ataimirira panja, mawu ako sadzamva, ndipo ungakhale makutu akukweza chifukwa cha kukonzekera kwa makoma. Cholinga chake ndikuti kuthekera kwa mawonekedwe a nyumbayo kumadziwika bwino ndi khoma lalikulu kwambiri, zovuta kwambiri kuti muzikopuma. Nyumba zakale zokhala ndi makoma olemera komanso zokutira ndi umboni wabwino kwambiri wa kutanthauza mawu omveka kuti nyumba zoterezi ndizachilendo.
Zingawonekere kuti zonse zikuwonekeratu: ndikofunikira kupanga makho kuti apangitse makhoma kuti athe. Koma ndizosatheka kuzikwaniritsa, ndipo ndizosatheka. Ndizosatheka chifukwa kudzakhala kovuta, kulemera kwa kapangidwe kake, katundu pamaziko ndi mtengo womanga. Sizoyenera, chifukwa kudalirana kwa khoma kuchokera ku makulidwe ake kumakhala ndi chiwongolero cha mandingo ndi kawiri kumapangitsa kuti pakhale kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomveka bwino ndi 5-6dB. Izi, zoona, kufunikira koonekera, koma ... monga akunena, sikofunika otenthetsera. Ndipo simudzaletsa oyandikana nawo kuti amve (ngati akukuvutitsani, zikutanthauza kuti mukumva phokoso lalikulu kuposa maziko, osachepera 10-16db). Kutulutsa ndikupanga kapena kukhala ndi mapangidwe odzikongoletsa okonzeka.
Pakukula kwa zojambulajambula ndi zida zofunika pa izi, magazini yathu yalembedwa kale mwatsatanetsatane komanso mobwerezabwereza (mwachidule (mwachidule) (mwachidule, m'nkhaniyo "
Gypsum + Katokha = Kukonza ","
Zinsinsi za nyumba yokhazikika ","
Roman ndi plasterboard "). Itha kukhala yabodza yopangidwa ndi kayendedwe kaimidwe kambiri pakati pa zomanga zazikulu pakati pa kukalanga kwamiyala ndikumachepetsa Malire a nyumba yanu, ndikugwera kuchokera kwa oyandikana nawo - pofika 4-6db ndipo, chifukwa chake, osagwira mtima, koma malo "ndi othandiza kwambiri. "(yowuma, gypsimbe) ndi" zofewa "(mawonekedwe omveka) ndi osavuta: Kumveka" kumawoneka kuchokera ku "zofewa" zotayika za malowa amalola kuti mupitilize zoposa 6, ndi 10-13db. Kuphatikizidwa mwachitsanzo, timapereka zinthu zofananira ndi matebulo "), kuchuluka kwa zigawo zomwe zingakhale zofanana ndi ziwiri. Kuphatikiza apo, a gulu limayikidwa kukhoma (lopanda chimango chowonjezera!) H Yerez otchedwa hibration-yolumikizira malo (8) (8) pagawo lililonse), zomwe zimawonjezera luso lake lomveka.
Tsopano za phokoso. Zotsika mtengo (koma sizothandiza kwambiri) njira yopewera phokoso lakuda, lomwe lidzabadwira mu nyumba yanu, koma kumva chotsatira, - ikani pansi. Ngati timalankhula za njira zothandizira, onetsetsani kuti palibe vuto la phokoso la Drui, makulidwe a konkriti yolimba iyenera kukhala pafupifupi 1m. Zikuwonekeratu kuti kupanga kuchuluka kwa makulidwe kumeneku ndi osatheka. Ndipo padzakhala kapangidwe kambiri, wokutira wolunjika, gasket yolumikizira masiketi ndi zongolira konkriti zolemera 80-120kg / M2. Unali kapangidwe kake kopukutira komwe kunakhazikitsidwa munyumba zisanu-nyumba-isanu - Khrushchov. Zowona, mawuwo anali "ofunitsitsa", ndipo mbale yamimba ya mbale idagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gasket.
Tsopano pakugulitsa pali zapadera "zoyikidwa". Mwachitsanzo, "galasi cholester" "shumannetnetnet-100" lokhala ndi mbali imodzi kapena "neisy-c2" ya "mbale yochokera ku fiberglass. Chifukwa chake, "shumanet "Shoystock-C2" makulidwe a 20mm adzachepetsa phokoso logwedeza kwa 4DB yonse. Pansi pake pamafunika kupanga "kuyandama" - wosanjikiza kwa screed sikuyenera kukhudza makhoma kuti apewe mapangidwe a "milatho", malinga ndi momwe mawuwo angadutse pansi. Pachifukwa ichi, "garketketi" iyenera kuyambitsidwa pamakoma mozungulira pozungulira chipindacho (onetsetsani kuti mukutsatira izi?). Kuphatikiza apo, pansi pa nthaka yoyera, ndizotheka kuyika ma sheet (plugge imagwira ndendende kuti mumveke bwino phokoso, koma osati mpweya) kapena zinthu zina zilizonse zowonjezera, zomwe zimawonjezera chitetezo chothetsa phokoso.
Koma kumbukirani kuti "pansi panthaka yoyandama ngati kotereyi imangotanthauza phokoso lokha, koma kuchokera ku phokoso la mpweya, lomwe lidzalowetsa kuchokera pansi, limasunga zoyipa. Ndipo zikutanthauza kuti zitha kukhalabe zofunikira zokhala ndi zinthu zozama zokhala ndi makulidwe a 50mm ndi chipangizo cha konkriti. Kenako phokoso la mpweya lidzatha kusewera Decibel 8, koma pansi lidzabuka kwambiri.
Mu nyumba yanga, inu, inde, zojambula zoterezi zimatha kupanga, koma bwanji za oyandikana nawo? Sakakamizidwa kumanganso nyumba yake ndikukonza pansi "pansi, ndipo chifukwa chake mudzamva gawo lililonse mnyumba. Kuyimitsidwa kulikonse komwe kumayimitsidwa ndi denga lomveka bwino, ekofidoni yemweyo, ekofidoni yemweyo, kokha ndi konkriti yotsimikizika iyo iyenera kuyala mawu owoneka bwino. Milandu yowonjezereka ndizovomerezeka kugwiritsa ntchito mapanelo ofanana a zips. Zowona, kuchuluka kwa phokoso logwedeza kudzachepetsa Desibel pamapangidwe a 10- Onetsetsani kuti mu gawo lanu mu dongosolo lanu lokhalo kuposa "kuyandama" pansi pa mbali ya mnzanu. Koma kuchokera pachifuwa cha mlengalenga chimateteza mwangwiro.
Ndondomeko zojambula zopangidwa ndi okwera, mapampu, mabwalo amagetsi, mafani ndi zida zina zofananira, ndizovuta kwambiri. Mutha kuyesa njira zomwezi kuti muthane ndi phokoso lolimba la mpweya, koma palibe chitsimikizo cha njirazi. Njira zothandiza kuthana ndi phokoso la zojambulajambula, kukhazikitsa mwaluso kwa zida zokongola kwambiri, kugwiritsa ntchito ma gaskets a elastic ndi zikwangwani zabwino. Mwachitsanzo, chipinda chogona chizikhala chakutali kuchokera ku shaft yokwera. Kapena sonkhanitsani zida zonse m'mchipinda chokhazikika, chomwe chimapezeka kutali ndi malo okhala (mwachilengedwe, zikafika kunyumba kwanu).
Zitseko
Mwina chinthu chomaliza chomwe muyenera kukambirana ndi malo osonyeza zinthu zomwe zingakhalepo. Tiyeni tiyambe ndi kuti galasi lamakono galasi, pulasitiki ndi zowoneka bwino zomwe zasonkhanitsidwa ku mapanelo awiri okhazikika, mawuwo amachedwa. Ngakhale ma cell apakati ochokera ku fibrodone adagona mkati mwawo ngati kufesa kwa mawu sathandizanso zitseko za Hollow. Katundu wowerengeka komanso wotsekemera wokhala ndi zitseko zazikulu (kuno ngati makoma: Khomo lalikulu kwambiri, labwino limawonetsera mawu). Ngakhale bwino kwambiri, phokoso lapadera lokhazikika.Zomveka ndi Zisindikizo pakhomo la chitseko zimatha kusintha mawu omveka. Chuma chikukula kwambiri chomwe chingapangitse kuyika zitseko ziwiri wina ndi mnzake. Ndi mtunda pakati pawo, wabwinoko. Zabwino kwambiri kuphimba makhoma munthawiyo pakati pa zitseko zokhuthala.
Chabwino, ndiyenera kuchita chiyani ngati musintha kalikonse kukhazikitsa khomo lomwe lilipo? Pankhaniyi, ndikofunikira kuwomba khoma moyang'anizana ndi khomo. Ndipo m'chipindacho chomwe chili kumbuyo kwa khomalo, chimakhala chete.
Epilogue
Izi mwina ndi zonse zomwe timakambirana zomveka, phokoso komanso zovuta zotchinga. Tikukhulupirira kuti nkhaniyi ithandizanso kwa iwo okha okhawo omwe adaganiza zokonza zodyera zapakhomo, komanso kwa omwe sanaganizirepo zovuta za izi, koma ndani sanachite bwino kwambiri. Timawongola chimodzi chokha. Tinayesa kunena za mavuto acics ndi chilankhulo chosavuta komanso chotsika mtengo. Koma izi sizitanthauza kuti mutha kuwathetsa kuti ndi osavuta komanso osavuta. Inde, payekha, kugwiritsa ntchito, mwachitsanzo, upangiri wothandiza womwe umamveka pankhaniyi. Chilichonse chitha kukhala chovuta kwambiri kuposa momwe mukuganizira, ndipo zochita zomwe mumachita zimatha kukhala zopanda ntchito. Chifukwa chake, muloleni Inuyo ukhale upangiri womaliza. Itanani katswiri waluso (makanema omwe amapereka ntchito zoterewa ndi ambiri). Pali zovuta ngati izi, inde, osati zotsika mtengo 1000 ziphuphu. Koma nthawi yomweyo mumapeza cholankhulirana choyenera, bwanji ndi zomwe zikuyenera kuchitika komanso zomwe zimatanthawuza. Zochita zodziyimira pawokha sizingafunike ndalama zambiri.
Makhalidwe aukadaulo komanso abwino kwambiri
| Maliko. | Mazunzo | Chokutila | Kuchuluka kwa mitundu yokhazikika | Kukula, mm. | Kulemera | Malingaliro okoma | Mtengo, / M2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mbale "shuminet-bm" | Ubweya wa mchere | - | chimodzi | 1000850. | 35 kg / m3 | 0,9 | 3.5 |
| Kusewera Masale Opanda Ufulu "Vibrosil-E" | Galasi | - | Oyera | Gundani m'lifupi 920. | Pamwamba pa kachulukidwe 780 kg / m2 | Kuchepetsa phokoso logwedeza 27DB | Kuyambira 3. |
| Isoover-ecophon cellings | Galasi | Pokhovokelka | zinai | 600600 ndi 6001200, makulidwe 15, 20 ndi 30 | 1.3-1.9 kg / m2 | 0.85-0.9 | 7-11 |
| Denga la ecophon | Galasi | Galasi | 7. | 6006/1200/1600/1800/8/2400, 12001200, makulidwe 15, 20 ndi 40 | 1.3-2.5 kg / m2 | 0.9-0.95 | 11-39 |
| Mapanelo a ecoophon | Galasi | AKUTX T, Fiberglass Mesh, MidShightproof Mesh | 7. | 27006/1200, makulidwe 40 | 5 kg / m2 | 0.9-0.95 | 27.7-66.7 |
| Mbale za ppgz | Gypsum | - | Oyera | 59550950950. | 7-8 kg / m2 | 0,62-0.87 | 6. |
| Ma celucs otambalala clipso | Polyester | Polyirethane | Oyera | M'lifupi 5100. | 240 g / m2 | 0.68 (ndi "shumnet-b) | 50 (kutembenuza) |
| Mapanelo saundox | Galasi | Zitsulo zopangidwa | Ral iliyonse | 250036040. | 10 kg / m2 | 0,9 | 40 (wopanda dongosolo) |
| Mapa Manels | Adayandikira polyamide | - | Gilaphite | 10001000/2000 | 30 kg / m3 | 0,55 | Kuyambira 7. |
| Sonasprey adathira zokutira | Chithunzi | - | 6. | Makulidwe 15-40. | - | Mpaka 1. | Kuchokera pa 12 (kutembenuza) |
Board Board Conmpah "Zojambulajambula ndi zida zomangira", "zomangamanga, SaintDerer-Chudovo, Izomat pokonzekera zinthu.