Zosakaniza za khitchini, bafa, kuzama ndi ma bondat: ufa wosankha. Zopanga zopanga, opanga, mitengo.
Tsiku lililonse timazimitsa ndikuyimitsa madzi kukhitchini kapena m'bafa. Kugwira ntchito mwachizolowezi kwa chaka kumachitika kwa ife mpaka nthawi masauzande. Koma lero wosanganiza amakhala chinthu chokopa, gawo la mawonekedwe, chinthu chomwe chimapangidwa. Zitsanzo "Sinthani" Ndi mawonekedwe atsopano amatha kupulumutsa kumwa madzi, kukhazikitsa kutentha komwe kumafunikira komanso ngakhale osakhudza crane. Ndiko kungowasintha mapira akale ndikuyang'ana pa sitolo kwa mitundu yambiri mazana ambiri, muyenera kuthyola mutu wanu pafunso: Kodi mungasankhebe chiyani?
Onani ku Europe.
Kusankha sikophweka. Mutha kuyenda mosatha kuyang'anira saloni ya masautsi ndikuwona mitundu yambiri, yosiyanasiyana, kapangidwe, njira zogwirira ntchito, komanso, mtengo. Chiwerengero cha makampani omwe kulimbikitsa komwe kumaperekedwa lero mu msika waku Russia, kumayandikira anthu aku Russia. Kuphatikiza apo, pafupifupi wopanga aliyense ali ndi, osachepera 3-4, motero ndikovuta kuyang'ana, ngakhale mutapita ku sitolo imodzi.Ambiri mwa malo amakono omwe amabwera omwe alipo omwe alipo pamsika waku Russia amapangidwa ndi makampani aku Europe. Tili ndi zosakaniza zachuma kwambiri zaku Germany (kalasi yazachuma komanso zotengera) kuchokera ku Hansgrohe, Jadodi, Hansachtz, TT-ROMACHA, Joerger, Keuke. Zomwe zimafunikira sizimachepetsedwa ndi zinthu zapamwamba za Scandinavinavia ku Oras (Finland) ndi Gustavsberg (Sweden). Kuchokera ku Italiya kumayimiridwa kwambiri, tikana Fiore, Fristica, Nationa, Fratelli, Dateri, ndi ena pafupifupi 400. Visoly, pafupi makampani 400 akuchita ntchito yazopanga Zosakaniza. Zowona, ambiri mwa iwo ndi mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono omwe amapangidwa popanga magalimoto ang'onoang'ono. Zinthu zoterezi zimakololedwa pafupipafupi, ndipo zinthu zina, monga lamulo, zimagulidwa kumbali, makampani apadera.
Mbuzi yayikulu ya anthu ku Italiya imangokhalabe ndi njira yokwezera komanso ya zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Komanso mitengo yosiyanasiyana. Nenani, zingapo zosakanikirana zopangidwa ndi "Chrome" kuchokera kwa Daniel, ndipo kwa paltadium pa paltium (Chrome / Golide ndi Crytal) kuchokera ku Framelli Rossi iyenera kulipira osachepera $ 500. Nthawi yomweyo, kupeza chosavuta chotsika mtengo kwambiri kwa overtian pa kumira pamtengo wa $ 50-120 sikungakhale vuto lapadera.
Mwa opanga ena omwe alipo pamsika wathu amatha kutchedwa Delta Faucet (USA), Debexa (Frabit), Sukulu), Indulif), Indugal), Indugal), Indugal. , kupatula osakanizira omwewo, amagulitsa mabungwe angapo amazindikiro angapo - muyezo woyenera, wokhazikika wa Cloramica Dolomite, Vidima, Porsima, ndi zigawo zosiyanasiyana zimapangidwa pansi pa aliyense wa iwo. Muyezo wa Maerican wapangidwa mogwirizana pakati pa zomwe zimamukhudza. Mwachitsanzo, makonera a Ceratic Ceremic amapangidwa ku Germany, ndipo gawo la osakaniza limaponyedwa ku Bulgaria, etc.
Mkhalidwe wa malingaliro omwe oyang'anira nyumba amakhala kale, waku Germany ali wokwera mtengo kwambiri, ndipo ku Italy sinali wodalirika wokwanira, ayenera kukhala wodalirika wokwanira, ayenera kuti ndi chifukwa chomveka chopeka. Aliyense Amasankha Zosachedwa Maganizo okhudzana ndi malingaliro ake okhudza chitonthozo ndi kapangidwe, chabwino, ndalama. Ngati mukufuna kukhazikitsa chosakanizira chamakono ku Europe pa beseni losasamba m'bafa, mwayi womwe ungasankhe lero ndizabwino kwambiri kuti zokhumba zilizonse zikhutitseni, ngakhale mutakhala kuti mukusunga. Pafupifupi chilichonse chokha chaching'ono chimapanga gulu lankhondo, kapena kalasi zingapo zachuma, momwe mathandizo a mitundu yonse amaperekedwera.
M'malo athu ogulitsidwa "bajeti" yosakanikirana pa bamba mu bafa idzagula $ 45-120. Ngakhale khalidweli kapena kapangidwe kake likukhumudwitsani: Nthawi zonse zidzakhala zotheka kukonza malo osungirako madzi munthawi imodzi. Mwa zina zosakanikirana za kalasi yazachuma, mutha kulemba zitsanzo kuchokera ku Vidima, Hansgroart, ndi ma europstyle a ku Oras, NorcsProne, Slimlines kuchokera muyezo woyenera. Otsika mtengo, mpaka $ 100, Budget-Cluets (tikulankhula za mitundu ya osebasin) zimapangidwanso ndi Kludi, Vidima, DEDIIF, EXTA, etc. Ngati mupitiliza kulankhula mitengo (chimodzimodzi Mitundu ya kumira mu bafa), yomwe ndi gawo wamba - kuchokera $ 150 mpaka $ 250- mutha kupeza zinthu za Ceramite Dolomite, Jacob Demofon, DEXTA, komanso opanga majeremani ambiri. Zosakaniza ndizokwera mtengo kwambiri kuposa $ 250-300 zomwe zimadziwika kuti muli kalasi. Mosanganizikulu, zimasiyana pang'ono ndi anthu odzichepetsa kwambiri, koma ndi dongosolo la kukula.
Chifukwa chiyani mitengo iyi?
Mitengo yamitengo yamitengo yoyatsidwa madzi ndiyabwino kwambiri, koma pamakhala malingaliro ake. Mtundu wamakono wamakono kuchokera kumagulu odziwika bwino ali ofanana, ndipo wogula amakopeka, woyamba, kapangidwe kabwino ndi kumaliza ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Chifukwa chake, zomwe zachitika posachedwa popanga zosakaniza - zosemphana ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito komanso kuwonedwa kwa mawonekedwe a mtundu. Mitengo ya osakaniza kuchokera ku zinthu zingapo:
Miliza
Posakaniza okwera mtengo, ndiye kuti nthawi yayikulu ndi zokutira zamagetsi zingapo, nthawi zina pogwiritsa ntchito zitsulo zamtengo wapatali. Pali chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri (chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri kuchokera ku Hansgrohe wa $ 300). Kuphimba kwa Chrome kumakhala kotsika mtengo komanso kofala. Kuphatikiza pa chromium yabwino, mutha kutchula matte chrome, golide, mkuwa wolemekezeka, Anunu (wotchedwa golide wamdima), ena a platinal. Palibe chophimba chomwe chimasiyiratu zala (mutha kukumana ndi oras ndi klika). Zoperekedwa kukhitchini khitchini - kuti musachite nawo kuyeretsa kwawo tsiku lililonse. Zophatikiza zamphamvu nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zopatsa mphamvu za alvanic, monga Satinox kuchokera ku Hansgrohe kapena chitsulo cha silika kuchokera ku grohee.
Zotengera zapadera zochokera ku grohe, zopondapota, Hansgrohe, Hansa, ma C2, ora, opanga, opanga ndi dzina lapadziko lapansi amapemphedwa kuti azipanga mitundu yapadziko lonse. Mtengo wa Copyrights - kuchokera $ 300 (chosakanizira pa kumira) mpaka $ 600-800 ndi apamwamba (makamba osamba).
Ntchito Zowonjezera
Kuphatikiza kwa mitundu yotchuka nthawi zambiri kumakhala kosakanikirana ndi madzi otentha komanso ozizira. Mitundu ina imakhala ndi zosefera mu madzi (muyezo wabwino, glohe), Hana, Browat, Armostats, ndi malo okwera mtengo osagwirizana Muzikonza mipope (chitsanzo lakuya M'pofunikanso osachepera $ 300), monga electra ku Oras, kwadzidzidzi kuchokera labwino Standard, Iqua ku Supergrif, Public ku Gustavsberg. Kupatula ndiye kusakaniza 625f ($ 250) kuchokera ku ORAS.
Jambula
Monga lamulo, osakanikirana pa amodzi ali okwera mtengo kwambiri kuposa mitundu iwiri yokhala ndi mapepala awiri. Ndipo mpira, wokhala ndi mbewa imodzi, yotsekemera pang'ono ndi cartridge pa mbale (osachepera $ 47-50) "mpira" wa $ 50-52 kwa "Centracs" ya "CARRATICS"). Izi ndizotheka chifukwa cha mafashoni omwe alipo, osavuta komanso oyang'anira makina osakanikirana amadzi.
Za mipira ndi mbale
Zikuwoneka kuti mlanduwu ndi chipangizo chosavuta kusakaniza ndikuthira madzi otentha ndi ozizira m'malo osinthika. Titha kuwongolera chosakanizira mu chosakanizira komanso kutentha kwamadzi ndikuwayang'anira mumtsinje umodzi. Koma izi zikukhudza mitundu yosavuta kwambiri yomwe talinganiza mwachitsanzo, kuti imire. Nthawi zambiri pamafunika kutumiza mtsinje kukhala m'modzi mwa misewu iwiri (kapena ngakhale ingapo). Mabuku osambira osungunuka amatumizira madzi kapena mumphika, kapena kusamba. Mitundu yomwe kukhitchini imatha kukhala ndi makina opezeka pamadzi kupita ku switch kapena makina ochapira.
Wosakaniza amalumikizidwa ndi msewu waukulu wopondapo, umakhala ndi mpweya ("mphuno", kapena madzi othirira amatha), komanso makina otsetsereka, ndi cartridge yapadera. Nyumba zosakanizira zabwino zimapangidwa ndi mkaka wamkuwa wokhala ndi zokongoletsera zakunja. Valavu yotsekera imaphatikizidwa ndi nyumba kapena yolumikizidwa, kapena kudzera pa mtedza wa Cape. Ndiye Valavuyo yomwe timakhala yolimbana nthawi iliyonse tikatsegula kapena kutseka madzi. Chodziwika bwino kwa ife, Cranettic Cranet, monga lamulo, valavu ya mphira yomwe ili ndi kayendetsedwe kazinthu. Osati yankho lokhalitsa kwambiri, chifukwa magwiridwe antchito amatsimikiziridwa ndi kuvala ma gaskets. Ndipo ngakhale kuti mafokevu amtunduwu amasinthidwa bwino kwambiri mikhalidwe yathu ndipo amakonzedwa mosavuta, moyo wawo wautumiki umakhalapo pang'ono: Mesiketi yake imadyedwa pang'onopang'ono kwa miyezi 6-12, kumapeto, imasiya madzi ambiri. Koma pamaso pa ogula ambiri, mtengo wotsika wa crane-bomba ($ 3-8) adzalipira pang'ono chifukwa cha mwachidule.
Malinga ndi njira yoyendetsera madzi, zosakaniza zimagawidwa m'mabwalo awiri (okhala ndi mavuvu awiri omwe ali mbali mosiyana ndi madzi ozizira) ndi luso limodzi - kutentha kwa madzi). Nthawi zambiri, mavuwa amakomera osakanikirana awiri ozungulira ali ndi mawonekedwe owoneka ngati mtanda. Kwambiri (monga lamulo, zokwera mtengo), monga Venus ($ 190) kuchokera ku Damenschacht, Ba29) kuchokera ku Franslil ($ 310) kuchokera ku Franslli Rossi, m'malo mwa maamba Pali zofanizira zomwe zimatembenukira mu ndege imodzi. Zikuwoneka ngati kusasamala kumeneku, zatsopano komanso zokongola.
Wosakaniza woyambirira wa mbali imodzi adawonekera m'ma 50s a zaka zana zapitazi ku America. Mapangidwe otchulidwa ndi Delta Faucet adatsata zolinga ziwiri: pangani valavu mokhazikika, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito wosakanizira kumakhala kovuta. Zowonadi, gwiritsitsani ndizosavuta komanso zosavuta: Ngati manja anu atatsukidwa kale, khola limatha kuzungulira pamsana wa burashi kapena chipongwe. Mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito mpira wa mpira ndiwosavuta: Madzi amachokera pa mapaipi amadzi kudutsa njira ziwiri zowonjezera ndi zikondwerero zodzaza ndi teflon mu chosakanizika cha mpira, chopangidwa ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri. Yokondedwa mkati mwa mpira ali ndi mabowo atatu, zolowa ziwiri, ndi ma teflod onyamula masika, "zisoni", komanso chinsinsi chimodzi. Muli mkati mwa mpira womwe umasakaniza: Mitsinje yozizira komanso yotentha kudzera mabowo osiyanasiyana muzilowa, osakanikirana, ndipo madzi amatuluka, ndikununkhira, kudutsa dzenje lalikulu. Mpirawo umalumikizidwa ndi valavu ya regilator yokhala ndi pulasitiki ya pulasitiki komanso mtedza. Teflon mphete (Zisindikizo ndi chidindo chakunja chamoto chakunja zimayikidwa mu chisa chobala zipatso. Izi zimatsimikizira kulimba kwa mankhwalawa komanso kuzungulira kosavuta kwa wogulitsa mpira. Kuthamanga kwachangu pa chosaphika ndichofunika kwambiri ku malo enieni a mpirawo ndi mabowo, kupereka madzi oyenda m'madzi ndi kumasulidwa kwake.
Mtundu wa zojambula chimodzi kuchokera ku malingaliro a kapangidwe kake ndi wosiyana ndi chikhalidwe cha malo amodzimodzi m'malo mwa awiri (amodzi pamadzi ozizira ndi otentha). Mutha kuwongolera mankhwalawa chithandizo chimodzi chokha. Mumapanga kayendedwe kokha, ndipo nthawi yomweyo mumakhazikitsa mtengo wa mtsinje (kusuntha mmwamba-kweye) ndi kutentha kwake (kusuntha kuti kutentha kwa kumanzere kumanzere). Ndi mwayi wokhazikitsa kutentha, kuwongolera mtsinje uliwonse ndi kuphatikiza komwe kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zodwala kwambiri. Kukhazikika kwa chipangizo chotere kumatha kukhala mawonekedwe otsekeka ndi mpira kapena centridge.
Masiku ano, zosakanikirana ndi cartridge ya mpira sizimangokhala delta faucet, komanso Hansgrohe ndi Dalixa. Makonda amapereka njira zosinthitsira madzi otentha, omwe amakupatsani mwayi "kukhazikitsa" makina omwe amapezeka pa nyumba iliyonse. Poyendetsa zodulira, mutha kupeza movuta nthawi yayitali, izi zimatheka chifukwa cha mawonekedwe osankhidwa ndi mabowo. Kuphatikiza apo, mainchesi okulirapo osakanikirana (ndipo, chifukwa chosakanikirana kwa madzi ozizira komanso otentha), kukula kwakukulu kwa mabowo kuti atulutse mafuta osokoneza bongo oyipitsidwa ndi madzi okhazikika. Zosakaniza ndi cartridge ya mpira imapangidwa m'malo osiyanasiyana - kuchokera kuzikhalidwe kupita ku Avant-Garme. Muthanso kukumana ndi chitsanzo cha kumira, chokhala ndi "turbo-" - chubu cholumikizira cha kusamba chakamwa (axor Arco ndi Stuftoh pamtengo pafupifupi $ 300 kuchokera ku Hansgrohe).
Popeza kupangira nyerere kuti apange zosakaniza za mpira sikuti ndi opanga onse, zida zamitundu imodzi yokhala ndi valavu yotsekedwa idalandira gawo lalikulu kwambiri. Valavuyo imapangidwa mu mawonekedwe a mbale za ceramic kuchokera ku aluminiyamu a aluminiyamu oxade omwe adasonkhanitsidwa mu katoni ka katridge limodzi ndi makina oyendetsa. M'matatoni onse a ma cartridges, mbale ziwiri zopukutidwa zam'madzi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, kapena ma disc, mwamphamvu pafupi wina ndi mnzake. Kukonzekera pali zotseguka za mawonekedwe apadera. Mukatembenuza mbale imodzi ndi mabowo ake, mabowo awo agwirizanani, akutsegula njira ya madzi otentha ndi ozizira. Imalowa m'malo osakanikirana omwe amapangidwa mkati mwa mbale yakomtunda, kenako ndikupita kukalipira. Amadana ndi vuto la mbaleyo ndi lolimba, pafupifupi pamlingo wa maselo, ophatikizidwa wina ndi mnzake, kuti madzi ndi mpweya alibe mwayi wopeza pakati pawo. Pawiri pali zovuta zamadzi mpaka 8 aTM (zosakanikira m'matumbo mu zinthu za fakitale zimachitika kwambiri pansi mpaka kupopani kwakukulu). Ndipo, zomwe ndizofunikira, mbale za ceramic sizimavalidwa kwa nthawi yayitali. Ma cranes omwe awa amatseguka ndikutseka mosavuta, ndipo ngakhale ana ang'onoang'ono amatha kutsekedwa mokwanira kuti asatseke mokwanira kuti palibe matembenuzidwe kuchokera ku "mphuno" ndipo palibe madzi omwe adatulutsidwa.
Mwa njira, Blophere adapitiliranso ndikugwiritsa ntchito mbale zake zoyatsidwa ndi kabati ndi kaboni-crystalline wophimba Carbodur. Zotsatira zomwe zimachitika mu zosonyeza kukhazikika zikuyandikira diamondi.
Madzi pansi pa ulamuliro
Cartridge ndi gawo loyendetsa madzi kuchokera ku ndodo ya ceramic (lever) ndi mbale ziwiri zam'madzi. Ngati milandu, chipangizo chogwirizanachi chilinso ndi bajeti, komanso m'malo okwera mtengo kwambiri a wopanga mmodzi, monga lamulo, mawonekedwe omwewo amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Konzani mosavuta katoni (mtengo kuchokera $ 10 mpaka $ 30) ndikosavuta m'malo. Zowona, izi sizitanthauza kuti mudzatha kuyika cartridge ya mtundu umodzi ku chosakanizira chosiyana.Opanga otchuka amatha kugwiritsa ntchito ma catradidges angapo (mwachitsanzo, zochulukirapo komanso zazing'ono, kuwongolera mitsinje yamadzi) komanso mitundu. Mwachitsanzo, mitundu iwiri ya makatole imatha kupezeka m'madzi othandizira amadzithandizira chifukwa cha muyezo woyenera. Muyeso woyamba, adapangira kuti azipanikizika kwambiri mu msewu waukulu wopondapo. Cartridge ya mtundu wachiwiri, "DZIWANI -" kampaniyo, yomwe imatchedwa Collet ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kupanikizika kwamadzi kulowa mu crane sikupitilira 1 ATM. Poyamba, chipikacho chinapangidwa maiko olankhula Chingerezi, pomwe kukakamizidwa pa intaneti ndi chikhalidwe chake pafupifupi 0.2 ATM. Ndi chizindikiritso chotsika chotere, chinyengo chofooka chimatuluka kuchokera ku crane, ndipo sizovuta kuwongolera chithandizo chamadzi ndi chosakanizira chimodzi. Kuchulukitsa kwa cartridge pafupifupi mikwingwirima itatu, kotero kuti mapiritsi amachita ntchito ya baffer one amapangidwa mkati mwa chipangizo chotseka. Pamabwera madzi otentha ndi ozizira. Kusakaniza kumachitika mu Thupi loyera lokha. Makatogi aphiri amalola kulondola kwambiri kusakaniza madzi a kutentha komwe mukufuna.
Galimoto yokhala ndi kuchuluka ndioyenera kukweza pansi pa nyumba zapamwamba kwambiri, ndipo makamaka ku nyumba zakunja, pomwe zovuta sizikhala zazitali kwambiri kapena palibe zida zowonjezera pamalamulo ake. Muyezo woyenera umakhazikitsa dongosolo lambiri pazinthu za kalasi ($ 180-190), iperbole, tonic ndi cenio ($ 200).
Makatoni ena enanso ali ndi mawonekedwe awo. Ndikofunikira kutchulapo mankhwala a Boltic Cartridge3 omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu Hansgrohers ambiri. Msonkhano wa Boltic-Wotanthauzira za chogwirizanitsa cha kuphatikizika kwa wosakanizira ngongole ya cartridge yomwe imalepheretsa "kuthyola" izi. Malo olumikizirana ndi wolumikizira ndi wokhazikikawo ndi wamkulu kuposa njira zomangira wamba, ndipo kufunikira kwa zophatikizika "kumachitika.
Gustavsberg sakutcha ma cartridge ake ndi phukusi lantchito popanda chifukwa. Makatoni amayendetsedwa m'mizere ingapo. Mwachitsanzo, kuti musunge madzi, mutha kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mayendedwe. Kuti muchite izi, ndikokwanira kuchotsa pulagi pa chogwirizira ndi cholembera wamba kuti musunge kapena kulimbikitsa chinsalu chapadera.
The Nord Plus ndi ND 40 ($ 50-80) ya Gustavsberg Series ($ 50-80) mndandanda wa ekoeftkt yomwe siyimaloleza kumwa madzi ku Ekoeffeft. Wosuta wosuta atayamba, mtsinje umafanana ndi mtengo wabwino, womwe umafotokozedwa mufakitale. Izi ndizokwanira, mwachitsanzo, kuchapa manja kapena mbale. Kuthana ndi Mphamvu yaying'ono, Yokhazikikayo imakwezedwa kumtunda wapamwamba kwambiri, kenako madziwo amakhala okwanira. Mukatsika lever, wosakaniza amangosinthasintha kwachuma. Pomaliza, makina a Ecotempo amalepheretsa kumwa madzi tsiku lililonse kutentha kwa 40s: Mukamatembenuza madzi otentha kwambiri, mosavuta kudutsa malo omwe dinani. Kenako chogwirizira chimasinthira. Ichi ndi mawonekedwe a fakitale: chosakanizira chimakonzedwa kuti upeze madzi ndi kutentha kwa 40с. Dinani Zizindikiro kuti ndi kusintha kwa chogwiriziracho kumapita madzi otentha. Ndipo lirani ana anu sanafunefune, mu cartridge pali malire, akusintha zomwe zitha kuchitika kotero kuti mukamagwiritsa ntchito madzi osakanizira, madzi ozizira komanso ozizira amasakanikirana kwambiri kuti inu nokha.
M'masinjidwe ochokera ku Oras, njira ina ya madzi opulumutsa madzi - yobiriwira "yobiriwira" pa wobwereketsa imaperekedwa. Poyamba, zochita za chipangizocho mu mulu wa madzi ochepetsedwa amadzi (pafupifupi 60% yam'munsi). Ngati mungakanikize "eco-batani" ndi nthawi yomweyo kwezani chogwirira, chimakwera mpaka 100%. Kuno nthawi yomweyo kupulumutsa, ndi kutetezedwa kuthirira madzi otentha: M'madzi owira kuzama ndi mzimu, madzi otentha amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha mutakakanitsa batani lobiriwira bwino.
Za nyumba zakomweko ndi fakitale
Akalankhula za mtundu wa makatoni, akuti ayenera kumaliza kuti asaope zoipa zilizonse zomwe zili m'madzi. Muyenera kuti mukudziwa mtundu wa madzi omwe akubwera kunyumba kwanu. Yang'anani pa chosakanizira chanu. Pa Aerajeni yake (yofiyira-phokoso kumapeto kwa gland) imandiukira maluso, mchenga, ndi zina. Ngati zodetsedwa ndizochuluka kwambiri ndipo mumasamba pang'ono mlungu uliwonse, ndizoyipa za madzi. Pakapita nthawi, tinthu tokhazikika timakhala ndi chogwiritsira ntchito cha chipangizo chotseka, ndipo crane imayamba kutayikira. Ngati kuuma kwa zinthuzo ndi kwakukulu kotero kuti kumatha kulimbana ndi tinthu tambiriwo, kulimba kwa chosakanizira kumaperekedwa.
M'mbuyomu, madziwo kapena osiya madzi adapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito ndodo. Yopangidwa m'thupi, imatseka dzenjelo, ndikuti malowo anali osindikizidwa, gasket ya mphira idagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuchokera pakuwonongeka kwamakina, madontho nthawi zambiri, nthawi zambiri amatopa, kulephera, crane adayamba kutayikira, madziwo sanafikire, madziwo sanalimbikitse munthu wokongola kuyambira komwe amakhala. Munthuyu adatenga gawo lolandila Vitro ndipo adakumana ndi vuto la crane. Zochuluka kwambiri kotero kuti kudzera mphindi zingapo zibwerenso ndikusintha maskele osachiritsika.
Amakhulupirira kuti zolakwa zazikulu za mpira wotsekera mpira ndizovuta za mpira wachitsulo kuti muwonongeke ndi kuvala teflon Zisindikizo ndi kulumikiza ma gaskets. Madzi onunkhira kwambiri amatha kulephera kuyika pulasitiki. Chinthucho ndichotsika mtengo (pafupifupi $ 1), koma muyenera kupita ku malo ake otumizira, kenako ndikuwononga.
Ma mbale a ceramic amakhala olimba ndipo osawopa kuwonongeka. Magwiridwe awo sakhudza kuthamanga kwamadzi. Centrics apamwamba kwambiri (osachepera $ 40), ndipo mwatsatanetsatane amafunikira kutero molondola pa zida zovuta ndi zodula. Magwero akuluakulu amasavuta ndi zosautsira zamakina zomwe zingakhale m'madzi anu apampopi. Chifukwa chake, akatswiri amalimbikitsa kukhazikitsa zoseweretsa zoyambilira. Kupanda kutero, mbale za ceramic zimakwezedwa kale kuposa malo opanga. Kslov, pre-breatter yamadzi musanayambe kusakaniza nthawi zina zimakhala chimodzi mwazomwe zimatsimikiziridwa pazogulitsa. Komabe, Gustavsberg imapereka chitsimikizo cha zaka zisanu pazinthu zake ngakhale kuti zosakaniza zimatha kugwira ntchito nthawi zambiri kwa zaka zambiri ngakhale pamadzi osefedwa bwino. Avt Grohend ndi Londexa mgulu: Fyuluta iyenera kuyikiridwa. Mu wofunsa ndi Oras amakhulupirira kuti funso losema lamadzi limatengera lingaliro la wogula Yekha: Ngati mukufuna, musafune kuchita, zaka 5) popanda mavuto.
Mu bafa
Odziwika onse osakaniza ndi "chosakanizira, nthawi yomweyo kusamba, ndipo kumira, ndi chipangizo chomaliza ndi kusintha kwa Swivel kwa Swivel kupita payipi yosamba. Koma iyi ndi njira yokhayo yoyenera yolumikizira chikwama choyandikira kwambiri. Ndipo ngakhale mapangidwe ake amatulutsa mafamu onse, zomwe zikuchitika zomwe zimaphatikizidwa kuti zikhale zosakanizika ndi luso lapadera. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana yazachisalemo ndi bafa komwe akupita ikhoza kugawidwa m'magulu asanu: osamba, kumira, pomaliza, posamba.
Zosakanikirana zambiri zakufa zikaikidwa mwachindunji pa kuzama, kusamba kapena bixt. Pali mitundu yomwe imawerengedwa pa bowo limodzi la othamanga (nthawi zambiri limakhala kuzama), kapena mabowo atatu, padera mavalo amadzi otentha komanso ozizira. Kwa nkhani yotsatira, kapangidwe kake kani kani kangakhale katswiri wina ndi mapasa. Mu njira yachiwiri yosakanikirana ya gulu la zigawo ziwiri, limabisidwa, ndipo kuchokera kumbali ya mafunde osamba okha ndikuwonekera. Monga lamulo, m'magulu awo a kampaniyo amapereka zitsanzo za imodzi, ndipo mabowo atatu okwera. Phatikizani zosakaniza ngakhale ndi mfundo zinayi. Mwachitsanzo, mitundu ya opera ($ 190) ndi Atlantik ($ 375) kuchokera pa Supergrif, kuwonjezera pa kupandukira paderalo ndi ma valve awiri, dzenje la kusamba kotambalala kumaperekedwa. Mutha kugulanso chosakanizira chopanda nsapato chimodzi, chopangidwira mabowo atatu - chifukwa cha kupindika, kumatalika kuthirira ndi crane (kunena, vienea kuchokera ku Oras- $ 115). Njira ina ndi yosakanizira pokweza m'mphepete mwa bafa (Hansadota kuchokera ku Hansa).
Pafupifupi kusonkhanitsa kulikonse kwamakono, valavu yotsalira imaphatikizidwa mu malo okhala ndi chipolopolo. Chida chomasulidwa chamadzi ichi chili ndi pulagi yolumikizidwa ndi chithokomiro (okwera pa kukhetsa) ndi olankhula ma lever kuti ayang'anire valavu. Mapeto a osowa nthawi zambiri kumadera kumbuyo kwa thupi losakanizika. Kukweza ndi kutsitsa lever, mutha kutseka ma plums a kumira kuti mudzaze. M'mayiko aukhondo, chosakanikirachi chidzathandizira kupulumutsa madzi ambiri. Amawerengeredwa, inde, kwa ogula ku Europe. Mayiko akuthilira chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito madzi amalipira ndalama zochuluka, ndipo kuyendetsa kwake ndikofunikira. Zomwe simunganene za Russia pano.
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito zosakanikirana kapena zitsulo zamadzi zosakaniza zam'madzi, ma switgerars ndi zida zamagetsi nthawi zambiri zimabisidwa kukhoma kapena kubisala pansi pa kumaliza. Kunja kumawonetsedwa mwamphamvu zokha, zosinthira za mfundo, mizimu yapamwamba kapena nozzles. Kuphatikiza kwa kukhazikitsidwa kwa kubisika kumakhala ndi magawo angapo: ma handomida chakunja (mavuni), njira zamkati, komanso zingwe zowonjezera. Zowona, zosankha zofananira zitha kulimbikitsidwa pokhapokha ngati kudalirika kotheratu komanso kuyenerera kwakukulu kwa mbuye. Kupatula apo, sizingatheke kukhala zosavuta komanso zaulere pakuthandizira kwa nthawi ya kutaya kwa nthawi yayitali komanso kukhazikitsa ntchito yokonza. Komabe, kuchokera pakuwona mawonekedwe a bafa ndikusunga malo, zosakanizira za kuyika kwachinsinsi ndizowoneka bwino kwambiri. Komabe, khalani okonzekera kuti kumbuyo kwa zoyenerazi - kupatula zida zakunja, muyenera kulipira kuchokera $ 300 mpaka $ 600 (osaganizira mtengo wa ntchito).
Tsopano pali mwayi wokonza kale kamodzi, ndikupanga kusakaniza mitundu yonse yazomwe zimapangitsa sopo wamadzi, mashelufu, sopo, tawu, etc.). Akuluakulu ena, mwachitsanzo, grohe ndi hansgrohe amapereka zowonjezera ndi njira zobisika zobisika.
Ngati makina ochapira akuyenera kulumikizana, n'bwino kuti aletse zosankha zake kusanganiza ndi valavu yokhotakhota ya njirayi. Kuphatikiza apo, ntchito za chosakanizira sizikunjenjemera kuti muyambe kutsukidwa pansi ndikugwiritsa ntchito kumira.
Payokha, ndikofunikira kutchula zosakanikirana kwa njira zapadera zaukhondo - za bisit. Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa mitundu iyi kuchokera ku mabodza azomwe zimachitika chifukwa chakuti kutha kwa gland kuli ndi gawo la madzi (mzere wa mpira wa Swivel wokhala ndi gululi). Chipangizochi chimapatsa madzi ndi mpweya, ndikupanga ndege yofewa kwambiri. Pomwe mabizinesi satchuka kwambiri ndi ogula Russia: ndichinthu chowonjezera - ambiri amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito kusamba. Komabe, zogwirira ntchito zamakampani ambiri pali mtundu wapadera komanso chipangizochi. Wosakaniza wa budut amapezeka kumbali yosasamba ndikuloleza kuti musinthe molondola madzi, kutentha kwake, komanso chitsogozo chofunikira kwambiri cha ndege. Izi zimachitika ndi mutu woyandama, womwe umayenda mozungulira nkhwangwa yake. Pali zitsanzo momwe mutu ungabwerere chifukwa cha payipi yosinthika, komanso kusakaniza mbadwo watha kukhitchini kapena bafa.
Kukhitchini
Mafomu amodzi ndipo apa pang'onopang'ono akukangana mwachikhalidwe, ndi mapepala awiri. Kuchepetsa kwakukulu ndi vuto logwiritsa ntchito. Kupatula apo, mothandizidwa ndi mavavu amodzi a madzi otentha ndi ozizira, ndizosatheka kukhazikitsa kutentha kokha.Tsopano mu mafashoni wamkulu, okongola kukhitchini, pomwe wokhawo wokhawo amakhala mnyumba mbali, ndipo wokhazikika, wosawoneka bwino, amakupatsani mwayi wodzaza ndi miphika yayikulu. Mwa mitundu yotere imatha kutchedwa Minta (kuchokera pa $ 90) kuchokera ku grohe, hansAdsigsorg, kuchokera pa $ 400) kuchokera ku Daixa, Arcada (kuchokera pa $ 170) kuchokera pa Supergrif. Chosiyanasiyana choyipa chosintha cha ntratura ndi mitengo iwiri (pamwamba ndi pansi) - imapereka oras. Mutha kusintha mtsinje wa madzi otentha komanso ozizira kuchokera ku chiwongola dzanja chapamwamba pogwiritsa ntchito ma hard awiri. Lachiwiri lachiwiri likunena za mtundu wopanda ulalo, woyambitsidwa pokhapokha mukabweretsa manja kwa iwo. Madzi amangotsanulidwa zokha, komanso ndi kutentha kokonzedweratu. Chifukwa chake, mkati mwa luso laukadaulo kukhitchini nthawi zonse mumakhala ndi mwayi wosambitsa manja anu, ndikutsuka masamba, ndi zina zambiri, osakhudza wosakaniza. Zimakhala zaukhondo, ndipo zachuma (chifukwa madzi sadzayenda pomwe simukufuna). Kutentha kwa madzi kwa osagwirizana ndi kusinthidwa ndi unit yosakaniza yomwe idakhazikitsidwa pansi pa kumira. Iyenera kulumikizidwa ndi mphamvu zamagetsi kudzera mu ma foloko osinthira. Zowona, mtundu wapamwamba wamatedi wa ntratura amatanthauza gulu la ma cungunger mkangano wopaka ndi ndalama zonsezo moyenerera - $ 480 kapena kupitilira.
Opanga ochulukirapo amaphatikizira osakanikirana m'malo awo, omwe m'malo mongotulutsa, chipangizo chokhazikika chimaperekedwa kwa kutalika kwa 1 mita. Kwenikweni, mzimu umabedwa ndipo ndiwosambitsa dzanja. Madzi osakanizira madzi kuchokera ku chipangizo chokhoma chimabwera ndi eyeliner yosinthika. Zowonjezera zotamanda zambiri zimasinthiratu kuchapa masamba, mbale ndikudzigwetsa. Komanso, kuthirira kumathanso kukhala ndi mitundu ingapo yothirira. Mawonekedwe abwino awa adzakumana pamitengo ya $ 160 kuchokera ku Ripasan adasakaniza, komanso ku ORAGE ($ 35 ndi kupitirira) kuchokera ku Hansgrohe ndipo ena. Kupeza bwino kukhitchini, kumene kuchapa kapena kusamba kwatsuka kumayikidwa, kumatha kukhala mabatani akunja omwe ali ndi bomba lomwe lili ndi bomba lina lolumikiza. Pankhaniyi, pali crane yoyenera pa nyumba yosakanizira. Mitundu yotere (pamtengo wa $ 160 ndi kupitirira) ili ndi opanga onse otchuka.
Mafinya
Kusakaniza kwa matermostat kumakupatsani mwayi wosakaniza madzi kwa ena omwe mumatchulapo chida, kutentha kwa kutentha. Amawonjezera kwambiri chitonthozo ndi chitetezo, ngati lingagwiritse ntchito madzi kusamba, kutsuka, komanso kukhitchini. Lingaliro lalikulu popanga mitundu imeneyi inali yopeteza madzi okhazikika, mosasamala za kusintha kwanyengo kapena kutentha komanso kukakamizidwa mumsewu waukulu.
Thermostat ili ndi mapepala awiri ozungulira. Mmodzi woyamba woyamba akhoza kulamulidwa ndi kupsinjika kwamadzi ndikusambitsa. Wachiwiriyo amagwira ntchito molondola kutentha, ndipo ili ndi sikelo kutentha. Mkati mwa osakaniza ndi thermoeirni yosiyanasiyana yomwe imayang'anira kusakanikirana kwamadzi: mukangoyamba kuzizira pang'ono kapena kutentha, thermoeit imasintha kuchuluka kwa maluwa otentha komanso ozizira. Kutentha ndikokwanira kusintha kamodzi, kenako muyenera kusintha chitsenderezo. Ndipo ngati mwadzidzidzi mu maudzu adzachepetsa kupezeka kwa madzi otentha kapena ozizira, mudzangomva kusintha kokha chifukwa cha zovuta, koma kutentha kwake sikusintha. Ndipo simungakanikireni, ndipo ndege yozizira sidzakhala yachinyengo. Izi sizingachitike ndipo mukangotsegula faucet. Wosakanizayo amapereka kutentha kwa kutentha, ngakhale masekondi angapo.
Mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito matermostats ndi motere: kukakamiza imodzi mwazinthu zosakanikirana (kuzizira kapena madzi otentha), komwe mumatchulapo kuzungulira kwa chodulira, kumatsutsa valavu yowongolera mtsinje wina. Chiwerengero cha zinthu zikuluzikulu chimatsimikiziridwa ndi inu posankha kutentha ndipo kumathandizidwa ndi valavu yotentha kuti kutentha kwa madzi otuluka mosalekeza kukhala kwamphamvu kwa madzi, komwe kumatsegula valavu. Springs, mapikoni, ma bulvellic mbale, ma valve ma valve amasankhidwa kuti m'mitu yambiri yomwe mungathandizire kutentha komweko. Kubunda kwa thermostats, thermolair kumayitani ndi kutentha mu chipinda chosakanizira, kusunthira ndodo yowongolera kutuluka kwa madzi ozizira ndi otentha. Chokhacho: Ntchito yokhayo, chipangizocho chimayenera kulumikizidwa bwino ndi dongosolo lamadzi. Kupanda kutero, kusokoneza kupezeka kwa madzi otentha ndi ozizira mukalumikizidwa, muathitsani madzi kuchokera osakanizira, kutentha komwe kumasintha.
Batani chitetezo zimaperekedwa kuti zitetezedwe. Ngakhale simukudina, kubwezeretsanso thermostat kungakhale kokha pakuchepetsa kutentha. Monga lamulo, mu ma matrmostats, kutentha kwa madzi osakanizira madzi kutuluka kumasinthidwa pa 38-45c (pamlingo wa madzi otentha omwe amaperekedwa ndi kutentha pafupifupi 65c). Koma motsimikiza kuti kutentha kwa madzi ozizira komanso kutentha m'nyumba mwanu kumatha kupatuka ku zoikamo. Chifukwa chake, thermostat imasinthidwa.
Thermostats imapezekanso mumitundu ya khoma la khomalo ndi kutuluka kwa bafa kokha (kuchokera pa $ 180), chida chochotseredwa ndikutulutsa kwa bafa (kuchokera pa $ 250). Mlatho wobisika (kuchokera pa $ 350 mpaka $ 600 ndi pamwamba) ufunika kugula, womwe umaphatikizapo chipinda, chonyamula, chotsani mavame, etc. Zili pafupi $ 600-1000. Mitundu yokwera mtengo kwambiri ya kalasi iyi imaperekedwanso ndi kuwongolera kutali, komwe kumakulolani kukhazikitsa imodzi mwa kutentha kwa madzi omwe amakondedwa kwambiri, mwachitsanzo, kuti musambe. Ndi zinthu izi, mukamapezeka m'madzi am'madzi, kupanikizika ndi kutentha kwa madzi sikungakhale chida choyenera kwambiri. Choyipa cha iye ndi mtengo wofunikira kwambiri.
Gulani chosakanizira sichoncho
Ndikapita kumsika womanga kumbuyo kwa wosanganiza, kumbukirani kuti mukukumana ndi zabodza, zomwe sizingafunike kutumikira miyezi yoposa isanu ndi umodzi. Njira yabwino kwambiri ndikupeza wosakanizira m'masitolo ndi saloni. Zachidziwikire, mitengo iyo ikhoza kukhala yokwera kuposa yomanga yomanga, ndi 40-50%, koma mudzakhala ndi chidwi cha chitsimikizo m'manja ndipo mudzadziwa amene anganene kuti anganene kuti kuwonongeka.
Kodi mungadziwe bwanji "kampani" pamaso panu kapena ayi? Choyamba muziyang'ana mosamala thupi losakanizira. Kulumbira koyenera sikuyenera kukhala ndi zopukusa ndi kumeta zakuda. Makampani ena alibe zinthu mwapadera. Mwachitsanzo, pa chivundikiro chochotseka cha manja a Gustavsberg pali chizindikiro choyenera (Gustavsberg), ndipo zosakanizira ku gloherry mbali yakumbuyo kwa mlanduwo ndizolemba zomwe zili. " Wopanga ndi nambala ya chomera amasungidwa. Osamapeza wosakanizira popanda kunyamula koyambirira, musataye mtima kuti tikonde kuti zisanene kuti "kope lomaliza, kuchokera ku chiwonetsero." Mwa opanga mabokosi ake. Tinene kuti, GUTAVCSBSGSG yomwe ili ndi utoto wabuluu, ndipo Logos yosindikizidwa ya kampaniyo ndi yoyera. "Mankhwala" polemba dzina la kampaniyo iyenera kukuchenjezani. Pomaliza, wogulitsa amakakamizidwa kulemba khadi ya "yodziwika" yokhala ndi chisonyezo cha adilesi ya othandizira ndi ofesi yaku Russia ya wopanga. Ngati kuponizo, kutanthauza zifukwa zina, sikuchotsedwa pamalo ogulitsidwa, ndibwino kusiya kugula chosakanizira.
Pofuna kuti musankhe ndalama nthawi imeneyo, zomwe zimatsimikiziridwa ndi wopanga (nthawi zambiri zimakhala zaka 5), musaiwale za kukhazikitsidwa ndi zosefera ndi zabwino. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri ngati nyumbayo yatumizidwa posachedwa, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mapaipi atsopano ndi madzi obwera nthawi zonse amakhala ndi zodetsa zambiri. Izi ndizofanana, ngakhale siziri kwa nthawi yayitali. Koma zimabwerezedwa nthawi ndi nthawi ikatha kuphatikizira kwa madzi otentha panthawi ya ntchito yokonza.
Zipangizo zosewerera ziyenera kuphatikizidwa mu mapaipi. Uku ndi ntchito yowonjezera kwa opeza, amafunikira, inde, ndi ngongole yowonjezera. Ambiri amakonda kudziletsa kuti tisambelenge banga, ndipo patatha chaka chimodzi kapena ziwiri kuti tisinthe chida chothana ndi chatsopano. Nthawi zina amakakamizidwa muyezo: M'madera ena a mzindawo, makamaka mu mzinda, madzi ali ndi mwayi wotsika kwambiri kotero kuti ngakhale zosefera zabwino kwambiri ziyenera kutsukidwa milungu iwiri iliyonse. Pakadali pano, mtengo wawo umatha kuchokera $ 20 mpaka $ 200 kapena kupitilira apo, kutengera ndi mtundu ndi wopanga. Inde, ndipo zosefera zolowa m'malo mwake ziyenera kulipidwanso (pantchito amatenga ma ruble a 1000.). Kuphatikiza apo, m'malo osiyanasiyana amzindawo, chosakanizira chomwecho chimakhala munjira zosiyanasiyana - zonse zimatsimikiziridwanso ndi madzi abwino. Werengani zambiri za zosefera zamakina mu N9 (55) za 2002.
Izi sizodabwitsa, ma fuucets am'banja samakhalabe osagwirizana ndi madzi abwino, okhala ndi ma gasker a rabara a rabara. Maloto ovomerezeka ochokera ku zida zogulitsa, omwe amakhala opangidwa bwino (kupatula kusintha kwa cartridge), pafupifupi chilichonse chitha kukonzedwa mu zoukira zapakhomo. Kapena, kuyipa kwambiri, kukhazikitsa zatsopano. Kusintha ma gaskets kapena zinthu zina kudzawonjezera moyo wa chosakanizira, osachepera zaka chimodzi kapena ziwiri.
Ponena za zida zamadzimadzi za ku Europe, zosakaniza zomwe zalowetsedwa zimakonzedwa. Koma pokhapokha ngati pali ntchito yochitira ntchito ku Russia.
Mtengo wosinthira (kapena kukhazikitsa) pamankhwala amodzi a mankhwala pafupifupi ku Moscow ndi 1200-100 rubles. Mitengo imasiyanasiyana malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa ntchito yokhazikitsa ntchito. Ndi chinthu chimodzi ngati mukufuna kukhazikitsa chosakanizira pa bafa. Kukhazikitsa kwa kanyumba kamasamba kapena kuperekera mayanjano omwe mudafotokozako, kumene, kumawononga ndalama zambiri. Mwa njira, makampani ena omwe amakhudzidwa ndi ntchito yopupulumayo amangopereka chitsimikizo cha pamwezi cha ntchito ngati chosakaniziracho chagulidwa pamsika, osati m'malo ogulitsira.
Mukamagula chosakanizira, onetsetsani kuti mwatchera machubu olumikiza a madzi. Eyeliner atha kukhala okhazikika (mkuwa kapena machubu amtundu wamtundu wamkuwa ndi wosinthika (mitsempha ya zitsulo). Kwa mlandu wotsatira, ogwiritsa ntchito adzafunika kuti samaphatikizidwa nthawi zonse. Iliyonse mwazinthu zili ndi othandizira ndi otsutsa, koma ndi kukhazikitsa koyenera, kudalirika kwa mitundu yonse ndi chimodzimodzi.
Kugwira ntchito ndi ekoliji yamkuwa kumafuna kugwiritsa ntchito chida chapadera chopanda mtengo osati osakwanira onse kuchokera ku Howboak paphewa. Chimodzi mwazinthu zolakwitsa zambiri - kulumikizana. Izi zimabweretsa kuwonongeka kwa ulusi, kufinya ma pads ndipo, chifukwa chowonongeka, kuti kuwonongeka kopanda chiyembekezo nthawi zina nthawi zambiri zida zodula. Maulalo olumikizidwa amapotozedwa pamanja, popanda fungulo, ndipo chifukwa cha kukhulupirika ndi zotukuka pang'ono ndi chida. Ndipo ndibwino kugwiritsira ntchito kampani yapadera. Ambiri mwa ziweto zopatsa mphamvu amapereka ntchito zawo. Mumangofunika kusankha zomwe mumakonda. Aliyense adzabweretsedwa ndikuyika. Sikoyenera kupulumutsa pano: ndi kukhazikitsa kwapamwamba kwambiri, kuthekera kwa kutulutsa kwa eyeliner kumachepetsedwa ku zero.
Mavuto onse a kukhazikitsa ndi kukhazikitsa kudzamalizidwa, bafa lanu mwina limasinthira. Kutalika ndikofunikira kwambiri ngati mukufuna kusangalala tsiku ndi tsiku tsiku ndi tsiku.
Othetsa zikomo maofesi oyimilira a Oras, Hansgroe, Gustavsberg, nnsi, Hansa, Keux, komanso wothandizirana kukonzekeretsa zinthuzo.