Apanso za pansi zofunda. Chingwe magetsi Kutentha machitidwe: "chopapatiza 'malo, umisiri zofunika, makhalidwe a Kutentha zigawo, zingwe ndi thermostats.
Modern chingwe akuyandama machitidwe a pansi ndi otetezeka ku maganizo a kutentha onse (24-28C) ndi cheza mu atomu (10MKTL) ->
1. Dothi.
2. Kusaka miyala.
3. Kusunga kutentha.
4. Filimu ya pulasitiki.
5. Kugwiritsa ntchito ma Connetrite.
6. Plank yonyamula.
7. Kutentha chingwe.
8. Konkriti.
9. Zinthu.
10. Thermostat
1. Zinthu zakale.
2. Kuphatikiza kwa osanjikiza.
3. Gridi (mwachitsanzo, unyolo woonda, pafupifupi 2525mm).
4. Kutentha chingwe.
5. PuldLone ndipo, ngati kuli kotheka, ndiye.
6. Kuphatikiza zokutira.
7. Pamalo.
8. Thermostat
1. Carpet.
2. Zojambulajambula za aluminium (posankha).
3. Grid yolimba.
4. Kutentha chingwe.
5. Kugwera pansi.
6. Kudutsa kwa kusiyana.
7. thermostat
Kuthamangira Kutentha misewu chingwe Komabe, si mantha katundu maulendo ataliatali ndipo sachita chingwe parquet chifukwa kutenthedwa ngakhale pansi mipando
Lingaliro la kutentha nyumba ndi kutentha kwa nthaka inabuka kalelo. Mu 70s. XXV, ndi mawonekedwe a magetsi otsika mtengo komanso otsika mtengo, chifukwa zolinga izi zinayamba kugwiritsa ntchito zingwe zotenthetsera ndi simenti yamchenga. Chifukwa chake nthawi yotentha yamagetsi idayamba.
Pansi pa nyumba yotentha
Kutentha kwamagetsi kwa pansi (kutentha pansi) kumatha kukhala chachikulu komanso chosankha ndi zida zina zotenthetsera) za dongosolo lotentha lomwe lingaphatikizidwe nthawi iliyonse ya chin. Kutentha ndi chingwe chotentha. Imatembenuza pansi m'chigawo chachikulu, mobwerezabwereza kutentha. Chingwecho chimalumikizidwa ndi thermostat ya basi (thermostat), kuwongolera kutentha kwa mpweya mchipindacho. Chipangizochi chimakhazikika pakhoma ndipo ndi gawo lowoneka lowoneka la kachitidwe. The mudziwe kutentha mu chipinda ndi atafika ku kachipangizo matenthedwe anaika mu wapadera corrugated chubu (kotero kuti lisinthidwe wovulala) mu ndege wosindikiza pachingwecho, mwachindunji mu thupi la imodzi kapena malo aliwonse yabwino Kwa alendowo.Monga waukulu (waukulu), ofunda dongosolo pansi zambiri ntchito mu nyumba osiyana (zing'onozing'ono, zing'onozing'ono), kuphatikizapo anthu amene sangathe chikugwirizana Kutentha chapakati. Pankhaniyi, Wopangayo akukhalabe malo abwino opangira mapangidwe ake, chifukwa palibe chifukwa chofunafuna malo otenthetsera ndi ziphuphu ndipo mwanjira inayake ndi mwanjira inayake. Atangomva pamwamba wosanjikiza pansi ofunda angagwiritsidwe ntchito zachilengedwe kapena yokumba mwala, konkire, matailosi, chubu, linoleum, pamphasa bwino zouma mtengo (parquet kapena floorboard).
Monga dongosolo lowonjezera, pansi lotentha limapangidwa kuti likwaniritse chitonthozo kwambiri m'chipinda chokhala ndi zipinda zozizira (makhitchini, makhitchini), padera lina lililonse. Ikani kasitomala wowonjezera amasankha mwanzeru zake. Mwachitsanzo, mutha kutentha pansi pa chipinda cha ana, kukhala m'chipinda chochezera, bafa, malo ochepa pansi pa desiki kapena munjira. Dongosolo la dongosololi limapeza ntchito yomwe amakonda m'matauni, popeza madzi ofunda pansi amakhala ovuta kukwaniritsa.
Makina otenthetsera pansi pa pansi ali ndi maubwino angapo osasinthika. Dongosolo lalikulu m'chipinda chilichonse imatha kungokhala yokhazikika molondola kwambiri kuti mukhale ndi kutentha. Pankhaniyi, pansi padzakhala mpweya wambiri. Kukhudza mapazi otentha kwa kutentha kwa thupi (24-28c) kumapangitsa kuti akhale otonthoza komanso kusakhazikika osayembekezereka pogwiritsa ntchito njira zina zotenthetsera, ndipo mpweya wabwino pamutu umapangitsa kuti mukhale ndi mwayi. Kuphatikiza apo, palibe zojambulajambula munjira iyi, ndipo fumbi, ngakhale silinachotse nthawi, pafupifupi silikuwuka mwamphamvu kwambiri ndipo silipanga ziwengo. Sichigwera pansi pa chilengedwe komanso kuchuluka kwa chinyezi cha mpweya, chifukwa kutentha kwa pansi, monga tafotokozera kale, ndi kochepa.
Mukamakonza magetsi otenthetsera, palibe chifukwa chotsegulira pansi lonse. Ndikokwanira kudziwa malo owonongeka ku chingwe ndikutsegula pansi pokhapokha. Malekezero a chingwe chimalumikizidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zapadera zokonza, pambuyo pake zimathiridwanso simenti. Kukonza kwa thermostat kapena kusinthanso sensor sikungakhale kovuta ngati izi zidayikidwa mu chubu chotchinga.
Ponena za zoopsa za njira zamagetsi zamagetsi, palibe chidziwitso chokhudza akauntiyi. Malinga ndi akatswiri ambiri, chitetezo chachilengedwe chotentha choterechi sichikaikira. Malinga ndi mfundo mwaukhondo ndi malamulo a Russia (SanPiN) 2971-84, za magetsi kumunda mphamvu malo zogona akhoza musalumphe 500V / m, ndi mlingo wa kupatsidwa ulemu wa maginito ya pafupipafupi mafakitale (SanPine 2.1.2.1002-00) ayenera khalani pansi pa 10mktl. Makhalidwe enieni a magawo awa minda mu atomu pamwamba pa angakhale angelo ndi zingwe lotetezeka kwenikweni poyerekeza anthu mwachindunji kangapo. Opanga adatchulanso kusamvana kwa ma electroolooroorol kuchokera ku 10 mpaka 300v / m. Umboni wa avoromomactic Security Center Centercare of Healctare, omwe amakhala mu malo osungirako okhala ndi malowa adawonetsa kuti zifukwa zokhala ndi mikanganoyo sizikupitirira. Ndikofunikanso kuti zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito polenga pansi zofunda sizingatengere moto kuposa kuwononga magetsi wamba.
Kulankhula za kusowa kwa magetsi, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochuluka kuyenera kudziwika. Makamaka magetsi ambiri amadya dongosolo lalikulu. Mwachitsanzo, kuwomba nyumba ndi kutaya kwamafuta pafupifupi 30kW pa nthawi yothirira, kachitidweko kumafunikira mphamvu pafupifupi 500 biliyoni. "Kutentha" Kutentha Kwachikulu Chaka chilichonse kumawononga Mwini nthawi 20 kuposa dongosolo lazomwezi pampweya waukulu. Kulumikiza dongosolo lalikulu la magetsi akunja kumangolungamitsidwa kokha m'malo omwe mulibe mafuta akuluakulu, ndipo ngakhale nyumbayo ikamangidwa ndi miyezo yaposachedwa yopulumutsa.
Mu nyumba m'tawuni, amene anaimika zaka zoposa 10 zapitazo ndi kumene substations, eyeliner kunyumba ndi nyumba anapangidwa kuti mfundo akale (pafupifupi 2,5kW pa nyumba), inu mukhoza kulankhula za magetsi a mbewu yokha ngati Kutentha zina. Inde, ndipo iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala, chifukwa pali mwayi wowonjezera chingwe (ngati onse oyandikana nawo amafanana ndi zida zamagetsi). Koma ngakhale mphamvu magetsi chofunika kulumikiza unsembe magetsi akupezeka (dondrone nyumba ndi 7kW), m'pofunika kufufuza ngati Kulumikizana alipo amaloledwa kulumikiza pansi ofunda katundu panopa. Ngati sichoncho, mutha kulimbikitsa kukhazikitsa kachitidwe kameneka ndi mphamvu yoposa 2kW kudzera mu chowonera chosiyana ndi makina osiyana.
Katundu wovomerezeka wamagetsi (malinga ndi peu)
| Zinthu Zowonetsera | Gawo, MM2 | Kutalika kwakukulu, ndipo | Mphamvu yayikulu yonse, kw |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mtovu | 21. | khumi ndizisanu ndi zinai | 4,1 |
| 21.5 | 27. | 5.9 | |
| 22.5 | 38. | 8.3 | |
| Chiwaya | 22.5 | makumi awiri | 4,4. |
| 24. | 28. | 6,1 |
Mavuto onse akulu ndi kachitidwe kameneka chifukwa cha kuyika kosayenera. "Malo opapatiza, chifukwa, chifukwa chake, kutopa, ngati kutentha kwake sikukwanira. Chifukwa chake, mwa kunkriti owala, pomwe chingwe chidabatizidwa, pasakhale zopanda chiyembekezo. Makina kuwotcha mitsempha yotentha pa malire ovomerezeka amakhala ndi kuphwanya kapangidwe kazitsulo ndikuwutentha. Chifukwa chake, musakhomeke ndipo osapinda zingwe ndi radius yaying'ono kuposa momwe wopanga amalola. Thermal Zebra imatha kuwonekera pansi, ndiye kuti, kusinthana kwa ziwembu zozizira komanso zotentha. Ndizothekanso kuchitika madera owonera mwaluso, chifukwa chomwe chikhazikitsani kwa dongosololi chimachepetsedwa kwambiri, zomwe zimayambitsa pansi (makamaka parquet) zimawonongeka. Zonsezi zimachitika ngati sitepe yolakwika yolakwika. Komabe, momveka bwino ndi ukadaulo wogona, chingwecho chimakhala pazaka zosachepera 25 (zopanda zaka 50 zakuwerengera). Ngakhale chitsimikizo choperekedwa chimapatsidwa chocheperako. Mwachitsanzo, zaka 15-Ceilhit (Spain) ndi 10Catel (Norway).
Maphikidwe odziwika bwino
M'chigawo, pansi yotentha imafanana ndi keke yotumphukira, "yophika" pogwiritsa ntchito mawu amodzi "(kutengera cholinga chachikulu). Mutha kupanga dongosolo lotentha kwambiri kuti mudzichepetse komanso kutentha mwachindunji, kachitidwe kazikhalidwe kofiyira, njira yofiyira yofiyira pang'ono kapena pansi. "Wophika" aliyense (wopanga chingwe) amayesetsa kupanga "chakudya" (masitima a ukadaulo). Makasitomala sayenera kukana izi "zowunikira" kwa kasitomala ayi, palibe kuti musataye ufulu kuti ukhale ndi ufulu wothandiza. Timadzilozera kulongosola za ma telogies oyambira.Tiyeni tiyambe ndikuti dongosolo lalikulu la magetsi limatha kukonzedwa mwachindunji pansi. Nthawi yomweyo, maziko ake amapangira pilo lokhomedwa. Kumvera dongosolo lalikulu pamalo opangira konkriti yomwe yakonzedwa kale m'malo amtundu uliwonse, osagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo maziko ake ali oyeretsedwa bwino komanso ophatikizika. Pamwamba pam'mwamba itayika zinthu zolimba kutentha ndi makulidwe a 50-100mm, zomwe zimagwirizira koyamba. Magawo a nthiti yokwera kapena kapangidwe kokhazikika kwa waya womwe sunakhale wowuma mpaka kumapeto kwa kumapeto kwa konkriti kumapezeka, zomwe zimangoyang'ana kukhazikika kwa chingwe. Kenako, chingwecho chimayikidwa panjira yomwe mukufuna. Ndiye pali konkrizira yachiwiri, makulidwe omwe ali ndi kutentha kwachindunji ndi 30-70 mm, ndipo ngati chipangizo cha kusonkhanitsa dongosolo, 100-150m. Paulendo wam'machipindawo m'munsi mwa makoma, mizere yopanda kutentha imayikidwa, yomwe imalepheretsa kuwonongeka kwa pansi chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa matenthedwe. Pa zowala ndi zokutira. Kutentha mwachindunji, ndi zinthu zovuta, zotentha, monga matayala anthawi.
Munjira, chingwecho chikulimbikitsidwa kuti chigoneke kwambiri pa ndege ya Thupi la Thupi, lomwe kupezeka kwa kutentha kumaphatikizapo maupangiri apadera kapena gululi. Pansi pa malo osungirako gridi amakhala odzisunga ndi mapiri ozungulira ndi ndodo za ndodo, sitepe yake imafanana ndi sitepe ya kuyika chingwe. Chingwe chimalumikizidwa ndi gululi ndi pulasitiki kapena waya. Pankhaniyi, chophimba pansi ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito pulagi, matabwa, kapeti ndi zida zina ndi mawonekedwe otsika kwambiri kotero kuti kutentha kumapulumuka nthawi yayitali.
Njira yowonjezera yowonjezera imasonkhana, monga lamulo, pamwamba pa chipinda chakale, ndikuyika chingwe kuti chitchinga kapena cholimbikitsana mwachindunji pa kutentha kwa kutentha popanda mawonekedwe apakati. Dongosolo lotere lingagwiritsidwe ntchito m'malo mwamitundu yosiyanasiyana, onse munyumba ndi m'matauni. Zowona, zokutira konkriti zili pamwamba ziyenera kukhala ndi makulidwe kuchokera pa 30 mpaka 70mm, kukhala mokwanira madzi ndi homogeneous kuti mundeni chingwe mbali zonse. Avota mu chipangizo cholumikizira chowonjezera pamwamba pa chipinda chakale kapena cholumikizira ndi chingwe chopyapyala (0.5-1,5 cm) mu bafa, zimbudzi, ma holways ndi zipinda zina zamakono kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa Kuchulukitsa, monga lamulo, kukana. Popanda izi, kutentha, inde, sikudzakhala kochepera, koma sikofunikira kupereka nsembe 5-10 masentimita kutalika kwa chipindacho. Chingwe chimakulungidwa ndi njoka kapena kuzungulira ndikukonza mwachindunji pa chophimba chakale pansi. Kuchokera pamwambapa, m'malo mwa squed, guluu wa traidadumphidwira limayikidwa kuti liume kwa masiku 1-2. Kenako pamapeto pake pamakhala matailosi mwachindunji kwa kalulu wongogwiritsa ntchito.
Tsopano ponena za kapangidwe kake kabwino kwambiri (pamtunda wamtsogolo, chifukwa cha zoopsa zake zamoto zomwe zachitika pakulakwitsa) - kutsatsa mipando yamatabwa ya nyumba zanyumba. Ikapangidwa pansi patatabwa, kuteteza kwamafuta kumayikidwa mu kusiyana pakati pa zojambulazo pakati pa zojambulazo za aluminiyamu ndi mauna okangana chingwe. Mkati mwake, pomwe chingwe chimadutsa pamatabwa zamatabwa, konzani ziweto zapadera, chingwecho chimadutsa m'machubu achitsulo. Kulunjika zokutira kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi pansi pa 20-30 mm. Mutha kuyika chingwecho komanso molunjika pansi patatabwa ndikutsanulira mawuwo.
Kutentha kumatha ... mawaya
Magawo omwe ali pachimake
Magawo awiri otenthetsera
Kutenthetsa Masanja Kutengera Magawo Ogwirizanitsa Ndi Magawo Awiri
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Mitsempha yokha ya chingwe chotchinga chachikulu chotchinga chitha kuchitidwa kuchokera ku nichrome, chitsulo chachitsulo, mkuwa kapena zinthu zina zomwe zimapangitsa kuti adziwe-zamphamvu. Kusintha kwa mitsempha kumapangitsa 2, atatu- ndi anayi-osanjikiza. PVC, yolumikizidwa polyethylene, teflonost), rabar rabaji ya silika imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kutentha kwa mtsempha wotentha ndi kuyika koyenera ndikugwiritsa ntchito madongosolo sikupitilira 80C, pomwe kusokonekera kuli kopitilira 100 ° C. Zocheperako mtengo wowerengedwa wa kutentha kwa mtsempha (kunena, 50c), zosavuta kumatha kumbalira kwambiri ndipo chipilala chimakhala chotalikirana. Zowona, mphamvu inayake yake imachepa ndipo iyenera kuligula kwambiri ndikulanda pang'onopang'ono.
Pamwamba pa kudzipatula mkati, chinsalu cha chitsulo kapena waya zamkuwa, zitsulo zotayidwa zojambulazo kapena kutsogolera kutumikira, makamaka, zolinga chitetezo ndi wokwera. Imateteza kusokonezeka ndi kulumikizana ndi kuwonongeka kwamakina ndipo ndi waya. Koma chophimba chachikulu chimachepetsa kwambiri magetsi a electromaagnetic omwe adapangidwa ndi chingwe. Yopezera machitidwe ndi lotetezeka chingwe osakwatiwa-pachimake, chophimba ntchito zonse monga chakudya (n'zosiyana) waya, koma ili coaxially ndi zogona Kutentha, chifukwa chimene chifukwa mu atomu cheza amachepetsa kwambiri. Nthawi yomweyo kugwiritsa ntchito kudzipatula kwa Teflon (monga, mwachitsanzo, mu spyeheat), chingwecho chidzathetsa bwino komanso kunyamula katundu kawiri. Kunja kwa chophimba, chipolopolo choteteza chimayikidwa, monga lamulo, kuchokera ku PVC. Gawo lotentha kuchokera pachimake chimodzi muli chizindikiro chachiwiri ndi malekezero awiri ozizira. Mukagona pansi, malekezero onse otenthetsera ayenera kufikiridwa kwa thermostat (molunjika pa intaneti).
Mu zingwe ziwiri pachimake, malingana ndi kamangidwe, awiri Kutentha kapena Kutentha imodzi ndiponso chakudya mtsempha (chakudya, kuchokera waya mkuwa) ntchito. A nucleation gawo la chingwe ziwiri gawo kumapeto wina mawaya onse adzatsekeredwa chikugwirizana ndi kumakula ndi mapeto chipewa, ndi pa zina anamaliza ndi zowalamulira ndi ozizira malekezero kulumikiza kwa maukonde. Chifukwa cha kapangidwe kameneka, gawo ili limakhala ndi zabwino zingapo. Choyamba, minda yamadzi amtundu wonse ndi zamakono zimatsekana wina ndi mnzake ndipo amalipidwa pang'ono (makamaka pankhani ya zopindika ziwiri - fima, Sweden). Chophimba padziko mitsempha Komanso kumachepetsa cheza izi kunyalanyaza mfundo yaing'ono kuti pafupifupi musati thanzi anthu (maginito kupatsidwa ulemu mu osiyanasiyana 0.1-1MKTL). Kachiwiri, kuika Kutentha gawo ku ziwiri nyumba Kutentha chingwe wosalira kuposa wina-pachimake, chifukwa si zomuthandiza yachiwiri kumapeto ku imodzi ya.
Envelopu yopukutira imateteza zingwe kuchokera ku zowonongeka zamakina, zomwe zimawalola kuwagwiritsa ntchito pazinthu zolimba (mwachitsanzo, pomenya masitepe a nyumba ya malungo). Patsamba waukadaulo wofunikira kwambiri wa zingwe ndi magetsi (mbadwo wapadera). Magawo otenthetsera kwambiri okhala ndi mphamvu zambiri za 15-21 w / m ndizofala kwambiri. Amaperekedwa kwa ogula adakulungidwa mumtsinje. Makampani angapo akuluakulu akuluakulu ndi obwera chifukwa chopanga zigawozo, iliyonse yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito zomwe amachita usilikali ndikutsatira malingaliro awo pazomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga malo ogwiritsira ntchito ndi a Arexilriary. Mwachitsanzo, m'magulu osiyanasiyana, alcatel, Kima, Ensto (Finland), Csttech Electronics (Russia) amapatsidwa zingwe zamphamvu zosiyanasiyana, kukula kulikonse. DE-VI (Denmark), "terma" (Russia), kuthyola mu Israeli) ndi "Chuvashkabel malo okhala ndi Arexils, omwe amapereka ndalama zopangidwa ndi iwo.
Mwakutero, m'mitundu yakale yomwe ili, kuti, mutha kupeza zingwe zamphamvu kwambiri - kuyambira 21 w / m (ndi mainchesi 5-10mm pokweza mawu owonera ndi 30-100mm). Koma mukamagwiritsa ntchito, ziyenera kukumbukira kuti ndi "chidwi" ndi zolakwa mukayika kuthekera kwakukulu kwapa pansi pa "kutentha mbibra" (mabisiketi ndi kutali kwambiri ndi wina ndi mnzake). Ndikothekanso kuwonongeka msanga ku chithokomiro chifukwa chopumira (kusokonezeka kosavomerezeka kapena zingwe). Zingwe zokhala ndi mainchesi 2-3m kuti muwomberedwe, oyikidwa mu showrete yolumikizira (mpaka 3cm) kapena m'matanthwe, muli ndi mphamvu mu 5-12 w / m.
Chimodzi mwazomwe zimafunikira kwambiri kusankha chinsinsi cha chingwe ndi mtundu wa kuphatikiza. Ziyenera kuonetsetsa kulimba kwa gawo lolumikizidwa ndi kulumikizana kodalirika kwa zaka zambiri. Makampani osiyanasiyana amagwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana popanga mankhwala (ogulitsa, kuwotzera, kudumphana) ndikusindikiza (kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa kutentha pulasitiki). Kudalirika komanso kukhazikika kumatsimikiziridwa ndi ungwiro wa ukadaulo wogwiritsidwa ntchito, komanso mtundu wa msonkhano. Chifukwa chake, njira yabwino kwambiri yodalirika ndikukumana kwanthawi yayitali wopanga pamsika wa zofunda ndi nthawi yaukadaulo waulere.
Zingwe zochepetsetsa zotsika kwambiri zimagulitsidwa kapenanso kumphepete, kapena mawonekedwe a mphaka. Zomalizazo ndi chingwe cholumikizira cholumikizidwa ndi grodglass grodglass grods 50cm mulifupi ndi kutalika kolingana ndi mphamvu yosankhidwa. Kutenthetsa Masa opangidwa kuti athe kutentha kwawiri mu zipinda komwe kuli kotheka kukweza pansi popitilira 0.6-1 cm (kupatula makulidwe a chophimba pansi). Monga lamulo, awa ndi bafa, zimbudzi ndi ma hoviles okhala ndi denga lochepa m'nyumba yokhala m'matauni. Bungwe limatha kudulidwanso zidutswa zolekanikiratu, zachidziwikire, popanda kusokoneza umphumi wa chipika, ndikugona pa ndege ya kusinthika kulikonse (nenani, kudutsa cholepheretsa).
Kutenthetsa Masa ndi magawo kutengera gulu lopendekera lotetezedwa ndi kampaniyo de-vi, Cst, Alcotel, Altoben, komanso Stiebel (Germany). Posankha chitsanzo, muyenera kusamala ndi nthawi yotsimikizika yomwe zingwe zidzagwiritsidwe ntchito ndikusinthidwa kwaulere, komanso kwa satifiketi ya chilengedwe ndi chitetezo chamoto. Dziwani kuti ngakhale ndi cholinga chopulumutsa, simuyenera kugwiritsa ntchito gawo limodzi mchipinda chokhala ndi mapangidwe osiyanasiyana. Ndikwabwino kutengera kukhazikitsa kwa magawo owongolera pawokha ndi ma armostats. Kuyika khola kumatha kuchitika kumadera amenewo, komwe kulibe mipando yathyathyathya (yopanda miyendo) ndi mapeka.
Unikani Mphamvu Yofunikira ya Gawo Lotentha, Makasitomala atha, kutengera malo achipinda. Mphamvu Yathu Yakuwombera Kunja Kwambiri Pakati pa Russia Ikutengedwa, kutengera kuchuluka kwa nyumbayo: popanga njira yowonjezera ya elekitirotion ya magetsi, njira ya ma elekitirol 110 w2 ndi chipangizo cha dongosolo lalikulu Kutentha (pankhaniyi, chingwecho chikuyenera kuyikiridwa osachepera 70% ya chipinda chilichonse!) - VDIAPAZOEN 120-150 w / M2. Mphamvu yakudzikundikira mabungwe nthawi zina imafika 240W / M2. Mukakhazikitsa m'mitando yamatabwa, mphamvu yovomerezeka iyenera kupitirira 80W / m2. Pofuna kuti musagule mwamphamvu kwambiri kapena, m'malo mwake, palibe gawo lotentha lotentha, ndibwino kupatsa chitsanzo chokhudza katswiri wa gululi akugulitsa zida zotere.
Kulumikiza makina owotchera magetsi ku intaneti kumalumikizidwa (mafoloko ndi zitsulo) sikuloledwa.
Kuwala kotchinga kumakhazikitsidwa kwenikweni kotero kuti pankhani yakuwonongeka kwa chiwonongeko kumatsimikizira chitetezo cha anthu.
Kutengera ndi cholinga cha kachitidweko, Thermostat iyenera kukhala ndi kapangidwe kazinthu wamba kapena chinyezi ndikuyika pachipinda chotentha kapena chitetezo chamagetsi.
Kuteteza kudera lalifupi m'dongosolo, ma automato kapena makonzedwe osinthika (Uzo) amaphatikizidwa.
ElectronIC "Kochagar"
Thermostat wokhala ndi kutentha kwa pansi, limodzi ndi chingwe chotentha, ndi chinthu chofunikira chamagetsi. thermostats amenewa amapangidwa ndi OJ Microline (Denmark), Eberle (Germany), DE-VI, ENSTO, CST, Elek Electronics ndi ena.
M'mitundu yosavuta kwambiri (mwachitsanzo, kwa bafa kapena chimbudzi), chimbudzi), chosadziwika bwino ma botmostats kuchokera $ 40 mpaka $ 120 nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ndi sposing pansi kutentha kapena wachibale mpweya 0.1-2 ° C (malingana ndi chitsanzo), ndi unprogramable imodzi commutes dongosolo, ndi kuwonjezeka kutentha kwa mtengo chomwecho, akutembenukira kutali. Khazikitsa magawo anakhumba kutentha wapangidwa sitepe, ntchito Mipikisano malo lophimba kapena bwino ntchito resistor variable. Kuchokera pamenepo kuti dongosolo lotentha lili ndi magetsi, wogwiritsa ntchitoyo akutitsogolera.
Thermostats yopindulitsa $ 100-200 ndipo zinanso sizimangokhala kusunga kutentha komweko, komanso sinthani molingana ndi algorithm yotchulidwa. Mwachitsanzo, mutha kutentha pansi mpaka kutentha komwe kumangoyambika m'mawa, kuyambira 7 mpaka 9, ndipo madzulo, kuyambira maola 18 mpaka 23. Kuchulukitsa nthawi kachitidwe kameneka. Mafuta opezeka ndi mapulogalamu nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi ziwonetsero za digito kukhazikitsa kutentha. Ndi ena mapulogalamu muyezo ndi zizindikiro zosiyana kutentha kwa usana ndi usiku, ogwira ntchito ndi azisangalalo. Mapulogalamu aliwonse amatha kusinthidwa, kuzolowera zosowa za wogwiritsa ntchito. Zida za mtundu uwu nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mizinda yakunja, ku Dachas ndi zinthu zina zomwe zimayendera nthawi ndi nthawi. Wokhoza kutenthetsa chipindacho kuti abwerere kwa makamuwo kumapeto kwa sabata, tsitsani kutentha kapena kuyimitsa matenthedwe usiku kapena kusapezeka kwa omwe amamumenya (antifraterives). Kuphatikiza apo, ndi ma armostats omwe amapangitsa kuti apindule kwambiri ndi njira yokwanira yamagetsi, kuphatikizapo magetsi komanso kuchuluka kwa nthawi ya "wotsika mtengo" tsikulo. Mafupa osindikizira mosavuta amakwanira mu dongosolo lanyumba.
Malinga ndi njira yokhazikitsa ma thermostats amtundu uliwonse (osapangidwira) ali ndi mnzanga kapena wophatikizidwa m'makoma, komanso ophatikizidwa ndi njanji), etc. Zipangizo zopata za pamwamba kapena kukhazikitsa khomalo zili pamalo abwino kwambiri kunyumba kuti musasokoneze malowo a mipando. Zida zomwe zimawongolera zipinda zotenthetsera (bafa, zimbudzi ndi zina) ndipo alibe chitetezo chokwanira ku chinyezi, ndikofunikira kuti zikhale malo awa.
Mphamvu yosinthidwa ya ma thermostats, monga lamulo, sizidutsa 3kW. Ngati mphamvu zonse zomwe zimayikidwa pamagawo otenthetsera ndizokulirapo, kulumikizana kwawo kwa intaneti kumachitika kudzera mu gawo lapadera (magnetic) ndi thermostat. Njira ina ndikugwiritsa ntchito zida zingapo, imodzi pagawo lililonse.
Nthawi zina chifukwa cha cholakwika cha kukhazikitsa, sizotheka kusintha sensor yakale. Kubweretsa dongosolo lotentha la magetsi kuti mugwire ntchito, muyenera kutsegula pansi. Koma simungathe kusintha zochita zowononga. Ndikokwanira kulumikizana ndi thermostat m'malo mwa kutentha kwa pansi, m'malo mwake kutentha kwa kutentha komwe kumalumikizidwa kukhoma pamalo pomwe palibe malo omwe mulibe zojambulajambula. Makwamadzi ena amakhala ndi zida zam'madzi nthawi imodzi ndi kutentha kwa kutentha ndi kutentha kwa mpweya, komwe kumawonjezera kudalirika kwawo.
Samalani kutentha!
Malinga ndi akatswiri ambiri, kusankha koyenera kwa matenthedwe kumabweretsa chuma chamagetsi panthawi yotentha, ndipo mtengo woyamba wa dongosolo umakwera pang'ono. Kufuula kwamafuta kumachepetsa kusataya mtima kopanda pake kuti uzitentheza ndi mapangidwe ena omwe amapanga malo omwe amathandizidwa. Mutha kugula kutentha kwa ogulitsa onse ogulitsa chingwe ndi malo opangira zomanga zapadera.Ngati kutentha kwapansi kumakonzedwa ngati wamkulu, monga kutentha kwamphamvu, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yolimba polystyrene yolimba ndi 50-100mm. Zakuthupi ndi makulidwe ambiri amasankha mukamafuna kutentha pansi pansi ndi pansi. Nthawi zambiri timagwiritsa ntchito zida zotupa zamafuta okhala ndi zojambulazo komanso zokutira poligu. Omanga amatsimikizira kuti zojambulazo polumikizana ndi zongoyerekeza, chifukwa cha mawonekedwe oterera, omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino, komanso amasinthanso pansi pamtunda wonse, komanso amawonetseranso kutentha kwa chipindacho. Kusankhidwa kwa zinthu zotentha ndi kwakukulu, mwachitsanzo Styyrodor, lathwata, "Foofel", "Penofol", "Holgol-f" ndi ena. Mtengo wapakati ndi 1m2- kuchokera $ 2 mpaka $ 10.
Ndiyenera kunena kuti machitidwe a chipangizocho amapangitsa kuti nthawi zonse uzithandiza kufotokoza zinthu zina mwaukadaulo. Mwachitsanzo, malinga ndi akatswiri a Eltech Magetsi a Eltech, kugwiritsa ntchito zokutira kwa marrmal pansi pamwamba pa malo otenthetsedwa (okhala) amapereka milingo yambiri kuposa ma prise. Kuchepetsa kutentha kudzera mu maziko, ndipo kuwala koyambirira kumayenera kuchitika kwambiri kuti zitsimikizidwe kuti mphamvu ndi zokulira pansi. Zotsatira za kuchuluka kwa chosalungama mu mtengo wa ntchito.
Akatswiri osafunikira amalingalira za zinthu zojambula zosefedwa, chifukwa cha zojambula zodzitetezera mwachangu (kwa zaka 3-5) ndikuwonongedwa kwathunthu mu matope a alkaline (makamaka zipinda zokhala ndi chinyezi chambiri). Maganizo omwewo amagwira ambuye oyamba ogulitsa magetsi ku Russia - kampaniyo de-vi. Mwa njira, chinthu chomaliza ndicho kukhala okonzeka kumasula malingaliro pa kukhazikitsa kwamitundu yatsopano ya pansi ndi tati yowuma, yomwe idayamba kuphatikizidwa munthawi yanyumba yomwe imamangidwa malinga ndi zomwe zimapangidwa malinga ndi zomwe amapangira malingana ndi zomwe zimamangidwa.
Zingwe zomwe zimadziwika kuti zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zodzikongoletsera zimakhazikitsidwa. Samawopa kwambiri zakomweko, amatha kuyikidwa mwachindunji ndi parquet komanso wowonda kwambiri. Mipando pamwamba pawo ikhoza kuyikidwa, popanda kuwopa kudya pansi. Ili ndi umboni, zipinda zotentha izi zimatipatsa mwayi wosintha makamaka, zomwe zimasilira eni ambiri. Zowona, ndikofunikira zida zokwera mtengo (1Pog.m- $ 5-10). Muthanso kuchita zowonda zowonda (pansi pake) zomwe ndizoyenera kuyikidwa mwachindunji pansi pa zokutira kapena parquet.
Kukhazikitsa Magawo Otenthetsera ndi Kutsanulira Kuwala
- Gawolo limangoyambira kuchokera pamalo pomwe lumo lochokera ku Thermostat lidzatsitsidwa.
- Kupatuka kovomerezeka kwa sitepe kuchokera ku zomwe zikuchitika sikoposa 10mm. Koma siziyenera kuphwanya malingaliro a opanga ochepa a radius wotsika ndi ulusi wothekera wothekera kwa zingwe zake pakati pawo.
- Mukagona chingwe, ndikofunikira madera omwe panali mipando, zida zapanyumba, zida zaukhondo zidzakhazikitsidwa.
- Sensor sorr "imayikidwa" imayikidwa mu pulasitiki ya pulasitiki kapena mkuwa pakati pakati pa zingwe zapafupi. kumalekezero a chubu ndi linanena bungwe la waya kulumikiza kwa sensa chithe mu bokosi dispensary kapena imodzi, winayo kumene kachipangizo yokha ili, tiyenera kuwonetsedwa pansi ndi kutsekedwa ndi pulagi mwamphamvu zokuzira. Kapangidwe kameneka kamathandizira kusintha sensor popanda kutsegula pansi kapena khoma. Horizontally, mtunda kuchokera pampanda ku mapeto a chubu (kachipangizo unsembe malo) ayenera kukhala 50-60cm. imodzi The chikugwirizana mogwirizana ndi malangizo Ufumuyo.
- Pambuyo unsembe, padziko lonse pansi mosamala yosesedwa kukonzedwa ndi zotsukira zingalowe ndi nthaka.
- Kuti mufufuze malo a chingwe, mtsogolo, muyenera kujambula gawo lokhala gawo la gawo lomwe likuwonetsa mfundo za malo ophatikizira.
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Akonzi zikomo CJSC "De V", "Arkads", LLC "SST", "Eltech Electronics", "ofunda apansi" thandizo yokonza zinthu.