Malo osaphunzira komanso osaphunzira bwino a kulumikizana mu bafa kuwopseza eni nyumba ndi anansi pamavuto ambiri. Kodi mungapewe bwanji?
Zowuma. Osonkhanitsa amaphatikizidwa mwachindunji m'madzi otentha
1. Madzi ozizira kapena otentha
2. Crane ya mpira
3. Fyuluta ya kuyeretsa kwamadzi
4. Kuchepetsa Kuchepetsa
5. Pampu (pokhazikitsa siziyikidwa)
6. Kugwiritsa Ntchito Madzi
7. OTSOGOLO
8. Kukhetsa mu chimbudzi
Kukonza kwathunthu nyumbayo sikungakhudze bafa. Atsimikizireni, kukonza bafa kwa bafa sikungapangidwe popanda kulowetsedwa (madzi otentha ndi ozizira, chimbudzi, mapaipi ndikutseka zolimbitsa thupi). Nthawi zambiri, matayala okongola amabisala osagwirizana komanso kuchitidwa bwino chifukwa cha zovuta za "mitsempha yamadzi yamkatikati", kuwopseza eni nyumba ndi anansi akukumana ndi mavuto ambiri. Kodi mungapewe bwanji?
Magawo amakono amadzimadzi amadzi
M'masiku ano okhala m'matawuni, kuchuluka kwa mathithi amadzi ndi kwakukulu. Zachidziwikire, zachikhalidwe ndi kusamba, kumira, chimbudzi, makina ochapira ndi kuchapa kukhitchini. Posachedwa posachedwa kusamba osamba, shawa, kutsuka, kutsuka, zochulukitsa (zotupa) kapena chofulumira chamadzi, komanso cholusa cha osmosis). Kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa "olemba" amaphatikizapo kusintha kwa zofunikira pakupanga ndikuyika kwamadzi amadzi.Choyamba, ndikofunikira kusamalira kupanikizika kumatsika pamagawo osiyanasiyana omwe amamwa madzi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ndi zomwe: mukasamba osamba, ndipo m'modzi mwa nyumbayo mwadzidzidzi amatsika madzi m'chimbudzi, mumataya "madzi otentha". Izi ndizotsatira za dontho la madzi ozizira mu msewu wawutali ndipo, chifukwa chake, kuchepetsa kumwa madzi ozizira kudzera mu fuucet. Kuti muchotse zodabwitsazi, muyenera kuwonjezera mainchesi a chitoliro cha zopezeka ndikugwiritsa ntchito osonkhanira (zokonda) Conmeme, pomwe chitoliro china chimayikidwa pamakina onse omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Popanda izi, ntchito yopitilira ya anthuwa siyosatheka.
Masiku ano, masanjidwewo nthawi zambiri amachitika ndi mapaipi a pulasitiki omwe adzitsimikizira okha ochita opaleshoni. Amatha kuyikika poyera, ndipo mutha kukwera kukhoma kapena tanga. Kudalirika kwa mapaipi ndikokwera kwambiri ngati atayikidwa ndi gawo limodzi (lopanda mankhwala) kuchokera ku madzi otayidwa madzi (otola) kumadzi ogwiritsa ntchito madzi (SantexopRyar).
Ntchito yokhazikika ya zida zamakono komanso zida zapabanja ndizosatheka popanda kusintha kwa madzi ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zikutsukitse. Pazifukwa izi, mavavu otsekeka, osenda, owaza ndi mafakitale amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kupanikizika kwa gearbox sikulola kuteteza kuchuluka kwa mitengo kuchokera ku ma hydrowards ndi kuthamanga (5thm), komanso kukhazikitsa zomwezo m'misewu yayikulu komanso yotentha. Chidule chimayikidwa pambuyo pa zosefera. Monga lamulo, kukakamizidwa koyambirira kumachokera ku 0,5 mpaka 6-7 ATM. Zizindikiro zowoneka bwino (3-4 ATM) zimawonetsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito gawo lokhala ndi zovuta. Kusinthaku kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito dzanja kapena kuwonetsa ku Gearbox. Mafakisi ena amakhazikitsidwa m'nyumba imodzi ndi fyuluta.
Pankhaniyi pomwe kupanikizika pa netiweki sikokwanira (pansipa 0,85 ATM), ndizotheka kulimbikitsa kukhazikitsa pampu yowonjezeka Italy) kapena Vortex ndi WilO (Germany)). Koma zindikirani kuti kuyika pampu kumafunikira kuvomerezedwa mokakamizidwa munthawi yoyenera.
Ntchito yolondola ya mizere yosoka siyofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito zida zowonjezera. Komabe, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti mapaipi omwe amatenga makomwewo ayenera kukhazikika ndi malo otsetsereka (1.5-4%) polowera ku Riser. Ndi chubu chokwanira, chimayambitsa zovuta, chifukwa simudzabisala ndipo musabise pansi pa tayi. Ndikosavuta kuti mupange chizindikiritso chokwera cha chimbudzi (chakudya cham'mawa). Muyeso wotere nthawi zina umafunikira "kufinya" chida chilichonse pabokosi loyera. Ndizosavomerezeka kuti magawo aliwonse azikhala opingasa. Nthawi yomweyo, chiopsezo choletsa mkokomo mu nyumba yanu ndikuphwanya zida za zida za zida zomwe zimamuyandikana. Zizindikiro za Mataga ndi mtengo waulendo zimakupatsani. Akatswiri a kampaniyo "Galastayl" amalimbikitsa kupanga kukondera pazigawo za mtunda wa okwera osachepera 22.5.
Pomaliza, tikuwona kuti kukhazikitsidwa kwa zida zamagetsi, zida zapadera zopanga zokhala ndi zida zofunikira zidawonjezera (otsatiramalonda, akatswiri akunja adayamba kuwatcha kuti kuyika). Zipangizozi zimathamangira kukhazikitsa, onetsetsani kuti ntchito ya machitidwe, koma makamaka kuthekera kwa zida osati makoma kapena pafupi kwambiri ndi iwo, komanso m'malo ena onse. Mawonekedwe a zokha za bafa ndi chimbudzi zitha kupangidwa zachilendo.
Zinsinsi za chisankho choyenera
Zachidziwikire, akamakhala adokotala, ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zopanga zotchuka. Omwe sakufuna kuyenda pamapaipi ndi zinthu za zida zoperekedwa pamsika waku Russia (makamaka ngati mungaganizire kuti zitsulo zambiri zimaperekedwa). Pofuna kuti musagule mphaka m'thumba, muyenera kudziwa magalamu ena omwe mukufuna.
Kupsinjika mu nyumba zozizira ndi madzi otentha kumatha kufikira 10thm pamtunda wa 70-80c (nthawi zambiri manambala awa ndi ochepa). Chifukwa chake zida zonse ziyenera kuwerengeredwa pamagawo omwe ali pa intaneti yanu (mutha kuwafotokozera mu ren). Funsani satifiketi ya wogulitsa ntchito. Funsani zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwira ntchito ndi ma valavu a mpira, mavuto ochepetsa, mapaipi, zofunikira. Indipitsa kusagwirizana ndikupewa zolakwika pokhazikitsa zozizira komanso zotentha, ndibwino kugula zida zomwezo (ngakhale kugula zida pa kutentha kwina, mutha kukwaniritsa ndalama zina 10%.
Nthawi zambiri, mapiki a pulasitiki azitsulo amawerengedwa pa kutentha kutentha kwa 95c pokakamizidwa 10thm ndipo ali paliponse, ndiye kuti amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamadzi ozizira komanso otentha. Koma makampani ena (mwachitsanzo, South Koreamlg) amatulutsa mapaipi payokha pakugwiritsa ntchito iliyonse. Zinthu izi zimasiyana. Mukamagula chitoliro chotere, muyenera kudziwa kuti mugwiritsa ntchito cholinga chiti.
Mapaipi a pulasitiki azitsulo amatulutsa makampani ambiri: pexal (chizindikiro cha Valsiri, Italy) - ndi khoma la makulidwe, atgirium), gebery), ma tambala ndi ena . Opanga omwewa amapereka zokwanira zokwanira za mapaipi apulasitiki azitsulo, kuphatikiza otola. Osonkhanitsa amapangidwa onse okhala ndi makola otsekedwa, kotero popanda iwo, amatha kukhala ndi mizere iwiri itatu ndi inayi. Ndi mizere yambiri, ikulimbikitsidwa kubwereza okhometsa anzawo. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti kugwiritsa ntchito mapaipi a pulasitiki mu makina otenthetsera mizinda ndi ochepa chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito ma network (mmwamba to16atm m'nyumba zokwera kwambiri).
Makunja a mpira nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mavalo otsekeka. Nthawi zambiri amapangidwira kuti azikakamizidwa osachepera 35 ATM pamakina ogwiritsira ntchito ogwiritsira ntchito 95c. Kulimbitsa koteroko kumapangidwa ndi bugatti, Giacomni (Italy), OIALSP (GRANDOP (GRANDY), Navmal (Naval).
Mukamasankha zosefera, samalani ndi mainchesi a ma mesh kapena ma cell a cartridge. Mitundu nthawi zambiri amakonda maselo osaposa 100 mkm. Zosefera zoyezera ndi zopsinjika zimapanga rbm (Italy), wokondedwa braukmann ndi syr (Germany).
Zosakaniza zamadzi zosemphana zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi aliyense, zomwe zimapangidwa kuti mugwiritse ntchito mu machitidwe kapena madzi ozizira, kapena madzi otentha, zikadakhala kuti aloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito Tanthauzorterf. Zoyenera kuvomerezedwa musipoti yotsatirayi ya chida chosindikiza ndi tsiku lofunika. Zitsanzo zimatchedwa opanga awiri: Minindss ndi Wehrle (OHO Germany).
Kupeza kampu kuti muwonjezere zovuta (ngati kuli kotheka) ndikanitse katswiri. Popanga fufuzani nokha, samalani pa gawo lotereli monga kukakamizidwa komwe kumapangidwa ndi pampu (kuyeza mita). Pofotokoza izi: Kupanikizika kwa 10m kuli kofanana ndi kukakamizidwa ku 1tm. Dziwaninso kuchuluka kwa kutentha kwa pampu.
Pomaliza, masinthidwe osinthika olumikiza zida zaukhondo. Amapangidwa ndi marigi (Italy) pansi pa malonda ang'onoang'ono (mawonekedwe osapanga dzimbiri komanso zowoneka bwino zosapanga dzimbiri), sigrinex (Spain) pansi pa chitsulo chopanda dzimbiri) ndi ena.
Zipangizo ndi zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza bafa (kukhazikika kwachitsanzo)
| Othandizira | nambala | Mtengo, $ | Mtengo, $ |
|---|---|---|---|
| Giacommini mpira Valve (3/4 mainchesi) | 2. | 4,2 | 8,4. |
| Bambatti mpira valavu yolumikiza | zisanu ndi zinai | zinai | 36. |
| PEXAL PIP pa PIP (Du16) | 100 | 1.37 | 137. |
| Kuveka | 17. | 3.5 | 59.5 |
| Wotola mzere awiri | zinai | zisanu ndi zinai | 36. |
| Chikondwerero cha mizere itatu | 3. | 13 | 39. |
| Kuchulukitsa kwa RBM ndi zovuta (mainchesi 3/4) | 2. | makumi awiri | 40. |
| Kuyeretsa Zosefera RBM (3/4 inchi) | 2. | 43. | 86. |
| MineMess Madzi ogwiritsa ntchito madzi (3/4 mainchesi) | 2. | makumi atatu | 60. |
| Partinox yosinthika | 2. | zisanu ndi zitatu | khumi ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi |
| Mapaipi a Sewer ndi Zoyenera | - | - | 120. |
| Zonse: | 637.9 |
Kukhazikitsa - Chovuta
Mukukhazikitsa dongosolo, kukwera kwamadzi ndi kuzizira kumasinthidwa, ndipo wokwera nyenyeziyo amasinthidwanso. Komabe, musaiwale kuti kulowetsana pa maukonde kunyumba kumafuna mgwirizano wokakamiza. Ma billet a kukwera atsopano nthawi zambiri amachitidwa pasadakhale, kenako ndikuyika mu maola 1-2. Zipinda za zhodidskie zigwere zatsopano zimapangidwa kuchokera kumapaipi a chitsulo chopanga nyumba. Mabwalo ndi ofunikira kuti asinthe kwathunthu, kuchokera pansi kupita padenga. Mapulogalamu onse amapangidwa bwino. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kutulutsa ma billets pa zida zowoneka bwino zowonjezera pogwiritsa ntchito "Seam Seam" Njira Yogulitsa (Yachikazi Yomwe Imodzi Yonse Yokwera pamwamba pa enawo). Izi zimathandiza kwambiri pazinthu zapamwamba ndi moyo wazomwe zimapangidwa pafupifupi zaka 25 (izi ndizofunikira kwa glost).Valani valavu ya mpira panyumbayo munyumba iyenera kuyika mwachindunji pa wokwerayo, osati atatha chija chitatha chitavale chanyumba ndi gatket ya mphira ndi zopindika. Nthawi zambiri, valavu iyi sinadulidwe, koma ikani crane itatha, kuyesera kuti mupewe kuyenda mosabisa mu makabati a Rea ndikusunga pa ntchito yochotsa madzi. Mwa njira, tsopano ku Moscow kutembenuka kumadzi kumawononga ma ruble 250-300 rubles. Kwa wokwera pa ola limodzi (mtengo wovomerezeka ndi ma ruble 13. 74 kopecks). Koma pambuyo pake valavu yakale ngati chinthu chosadalirika chodalirika chidzadzipangitsa kuti mudziwe kutulutsa kwa oyandikana nawo pansipa. Ndipo kenako mavuto ndi ndalama zamtengo wapatali zimadza kwambiri.
Msonkhano wa zolumikizira zopindika ndibwino kuti ukhale wowoneka bwino (wophatikizira kapena wopaka) pogwiritsa ntchito phala kusindikiza (mwachitsanzo, gebatout2, France). Tsopano pakugulitsa mawilo otere (150g mtengo wokwanira 80-150). Muthanso kugwiritsa ntchito ulusi wapadera, monga Loctite55 kapena Tangit Uni-loko kuchokera ku Henkel (Germany).
Pambuyo kumapeto kwa kukwera, zolumikizira ndi zolumikizidwa ndi zopindika ziyenera kukhala zopangidwa kenako "zotupa" za mtundu wa kutentha kwa Thermaflex (Italy) kapena EnerGoflex (Russia). Kusungunuka kwamafuta kumalepheretsa mapangidwe a chenjezo pa mapaipi, potero kupewa kututa. Kupanga kumawonekera chifukwa cha chinyezi chowonjezereka, makamaka pa Riser wozizira. Kulerera, mu nthawi yochotsa madzi otentha, ndikutentha.
Patulani mutu - m'malo mwa riser Riser. Chitseko chopondapo chopondapo chodulidwa ndi ziwalo zosemphana ndi zodetsedwa si "mphatso" yabwino kwambiri yatsopano, ndipo nthawi zina sizimalola kuti zithetse bafa. Nthawi zambiri riser yachitsulo imasinthidwa ndi polypropylene. Wokalamba adachotsedwa kwathunthu, kuchokera pansi kupita padenga. Kuphatikiza apo, denga limakhalabe lalitali pafupifupi 10 cm, lomwe limayikapo kwa odana ndi chitsulo cha polyplene. Zimaphatikizapo chitoliro cha polypropyylene ndi maskisi awiri osindikiza a mawonekedwe apadera. Mawere otere amapangidwa ndi Valsiri (Italy), Wavin (Dency), Marley (Germany).
Malinga ndi akatswiri a kampaniyo "yokhota mkatikati", omwe amalowa m'malo mwa chimbudzi amayenera kupangidwa nthawi yomweyo atakweza madzi ozizira ndi otentha, mpaka atadzaza ndi madzi. Izi zimapewa kukhetsa kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa chimbudzi kuchokera pansi pa pansi. Nthawi yogwira ntchito, kuyambira 10 maola, ndi nthawi yodzaza mphezi. Zoyenera zitha kutchedwa nthawi yausiku pomwe Riser sakudzaza, koma sizovomerezeka chifukwa chazofunikira zazofunikira za nambala yazikhalidwe mu buku latsopano.
Madzi otentha ndi ozizira amalimbikitsidwa kuti akwere, chifukwa chidzawapangitsa kuti achite kuti azikonza. Kukwera kuyenera kuyikidwa mu nduna yopukutira.
Gawo lotsatira la ntchitoyi ndi mapiko owonda mpaka pamankhwala aliwonse omwe amamwa madzi. Gawo la osonkhanira likuti, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito molangu kapena osonkhanitsa (otola) omwe ali ndi ma cranes otsekedwa). Izi zimakupatsani mwayi wogwira ntchito pogwira ntchito pamene aikidwa, komanso kuwombana madzi pa chipangizo chilichonse (mwachitsanzo, pakulephera kuchitidwa dongosolo lonse.
Kuwombera machubu osoka kuyenera kuchitika motsatira zotsekera kwa otsetsereka, ngati kuli kotheka, kupewa kusintha kwakuthwa. Kwa makina ochapira, ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa siphon (hydruul systiction, yomwe idzafunkhira kulowetsedwa kwa ziweto kununkhira mu chipangizocho ndi chipindacho.
Gawo lalikulu la zida zamakono limafunikira kulumikizana osati kumadzi okha, komanso magetsi. Ndi kusambira kwa hydromaste ndi kanyumbako, kuchapa ndi kusamba ndi kutsuka ndi wina. Zikatero, chingwe chamagetsi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito zipinda zonyowa (mwachitsanzo, mu NYM zitatu zodzipatula) ndikukhala ndi zofunikira (zomwe zawonetsedwa mu malangizo a zida). Zipangizo zonse ziyenera kulumikizidwa kudzera pa RCD (kuteteza kotetezedwa) ndi zamakono osati zopitilira 30ma ndipo onetsetsani kuti muli pansi. Kungokwaniritsidwa kumene kwa zinthu izi kumatsimikizira kuti ndinu ochita bwino komanso ochita bwino kwambiri kwa zaka zambiri.
Ndipo pomaliza mawu angapo onena za mitengo. Ku Moscow, mtengo wa ntchito waukhondo umakhala ku Moscow kumachokera $ 500 mpaka $ 1,200 popanda kufotokozera zinthu ndi zida. Vea mtengo umaphatikizapo kufooka kwa zida zakale, kusinthana kuwuka kwamadzi otentha komanso ozizira, chitoliro ndi kuyika kwamiyala yotsatira ndikulumikiza zida zakhitchini. Kulowa m'malo mwa chimbudzi kumawononga kasitomala pafupifupi $ 100.
Mtengo wa ntchito zazikulu
| Mtundu wa ntchito | Nambala iliyonse, $ | Mtengo | Mtengo wonse, $ |
| Kuwerengera ndi kusamutsa kwa Riser | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Kusintha ndi kusamutsa kwa madzi ozizira komanso otentha | 2. | 110. | 220. |
| Kupanga khoma la konkriti | chimodzi | 120. | 120. |
| Kumangirira mbale yomangidwa pagombe la pulasitala | chimodzi | 40. | 40. |
| Kusamutsa kwa chishango | chimodzi | 120. | 120. |
| Kuonda nsapato, madzi ozizira komanso otentha | 12 | fifite | 600. |
| Kuyika kwa mbale ya chimbudzi | 2. | 70. | 140. |
| Kukhazikitsa kwa chipolopolo | chimodzi | makumi atatu | makumi atatu |
| Kukhazikitsa kwa kanyumba kamasamba | chimodzi | 100 | 100 |
| Kukhazikitsa "andDdyra" | chimodzi | 70. | 70. |
| Kukhazikitsa makina ochapira | chimodzi | fifite | fifite |
| Kukhazikitsa kwa chotenthetsera chamadzi | chimodzi | fifite | fifite |
| Kulumikiza kukhitchini kumira ndi zosefera zamadzi | chimodzi | 100 | 100 |
| Kukhazikitsa kwa Faucet yolumikizidwa ndi ukhondo | chimodzi | 60. | 60. |
| Zonse: | 1700. | ||
| Kuwerengera popanda kusamutsa riser | |||
| Kulowa m'malo mwa Seiser Ronder | chimodzi | 70. | 70. |
| Kuonda nsapato, madzi ozizira komanso otentha | 10 | fifite | 500. |
| Kukhazikitsa kuchimbudzi | 2. | makumi atatu | 60. |
| Isiketi | chimodzi | makumi atatu | makumi atatu |
| Kukhazikitsa kwa kanyumba kamasamba | chimodzi | 100 | 100 |
| Kukhazikitsa "andDdyra" | 2. | 70. | 140. |
| Kukhazikitsa makina ochapira | chimodzi | fifite | fifite |
| Kukhazikitsa kwa chotenthetsera chamadzi | chimodzi | fifite | fifite |
| Kulumikiza kukhitchini kumira ndi zosefera zamadzi | chimodzi | 100 | 100 |
| Zonse: | 1100. |