Mawonekedwe opangidwa mwapamwamba. Zodzikongoletsera zokongoletsa zovomerezeka m'moyo wamakono.
Pamwamba ndi pansi, zipinda ziwiri zokhalamo, chitsanzo cha njira yokongoletsera ya malo osungirako baroque. Zojambula zopakidwa mu mafelemu omangidwa. Njira yothetsera vutoli imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati yachifumu komanso nthawi yomweyo kuphatikiza kofiyira ndi golide
Parace Blenheim (England). Ili pakati pa malo okhazikika mu French. Symmetry ya kapangidwe ka nyumba yachifumu ndi ma flibels oyandikana nawo amakumana ndi malingaliro okhudzana ndi mgwirizano wa baroque
Laibulale. Dengali limakongoletsedwa ndi utoto, kutsanzira mitundu ndi zokongoletsera. Chipindacho chimakhazikika mu BEMME BLENGE
Makanda amitundu ya shinoisry. Dokotala yosavuta imagwira ntchito yakuda ndi red ku China compressis
Mtundu wina wa baroque masiku ano. Chipinda chochezera chimakulitsidwa mothandizidwa ndi kalilole ndi gulu lokongola ndi chithunzi cha mawonekedwe a zomangamanga zofanana
Chipinda chaching'ono chamakono chomwe kalembedwe ka ma stylist chimakhala choyenera komanso chovomerezeka
Chipinda chamakono chokhala ndi zida zamakono zopangira ma baro: padenga la Stucco, Sconce amapangidwanso ndi mawonekedwe a Zhilato, m'mipando ya mipando
'' Ndi Paradiso wa Amisala ndi nyumba yachifumu! Ndipatseni malipiro angaNdi koloko ya marble mpaka kumapeto. Ndipatseni ine
Mbusa, koma ngati kuli komweko! ''
Victor Hugo '' akuumba ''
Lero tiyenera kusankha chinthu chovomerezeka pamoyo wamakono kuchokera ku cholowa chazovala za baroque. Tumizani pamzerewu, tidzafotokozera zizindikiro ndi maphwando ake, 'kuti "atenge ngalawa ya nthawi yathu" zozizwitsa kwambiri, zodziwikiratu komanso zowala. Tsopano, musaiwale za momasuka za pandunji. Votychychi kuchokera ku Louisxiv, sitikhala ndekha ntchito yopanga mkati mwa zaka za zana la chaka chilichonse mpando uliwonse umabwereza kuti: "Boma ndi ine!"
Chifukwa chake, Barcocco (isal. Freaky, zachilendo) - mwina m'malo mwa masitandelo. AIMISOGOLA ANAKHALA NDI MALO OGULITSIRA, ALIYENSE ACHINYAMATA ACHINYAMATA, Zolinga za Oreval
Zokongoletsera mawonekedwe
Tikukumbukira kuti pali njira ziwiri ku bungwe la malo, kunja komanso lamkati, ndizothandiza komanso zokongoletsa. Barolaque anali wokongoletsa kokha. Kuphatikiza apo, nyumba zonse za nyumbayo zimapangidwa ngati mawonekedwe owoneka bwino. Nthawi yomweyo, baroque ndiye kalembedwe ka pulasitiki kwambiri, zomwe zimatulutsa ma curls akhungu ndi zokongoletsera zovuta, mitundu yoyipa ya mipando ndi penti pa kumaliza kwa malowo.Mawonekedwe
Kupanga kwapamwamba kwa mtundu wa baroque kumadziwika ndi chitukuko, nthawi zonse. Kumveka bwino, static tsopano ndi wotsika pazinthu zamphamvu. Nyumbayo ikuwoneka kuti ikukula kuchokera kudera lamatawuni, kugwidwa ndi mitundu yake yakunja. Mkati mukuyamba masitepe, nthawi yomweyo amafotokoza mawu ena amkati. Kulanga kwa Enfilar Enfmilader kumayendedwe ena, ndikukakamiza kuti apange yosewerera. Kusanduka kwa malowa ndikowoneka bwino komanso nthawi yomweyo posewera mawonekedwe a baroque.
Ngakhale atayamba, malo omwe akutukuka akuyesetsabe kuti akhazikitsidwe kwambiri m'chipindacho kapena malo obisika. Kuyenda kumatha kukhala kamphepo, zamphamvu mzipinda zakutsogolo komanso zapamtima, zazing'ono pang'ono. Kwa chidole mu baroque omwewo, kusintha kwa mahake ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya makope kunagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, holoyo idachulukitsa ndi magalasi, yomwe ili pamakoma komanso padenga. Panali dongosolo lonse la zinyalala zamagetsi zomwe zimatsatira voliyumu, malo otseguka kupanga malingaliro abodza. Mphamvu za danga zimatsimikiziranso mitundu yolemera ya mipando ya Baroque, yokongola komanso yokongola.
Zojambula
Chimodzi mwalamulo malamulo a baroque Era anali opanga ku Italiya, wosiyidwa ndi wojambula XViveque Guovanni Bernini. Panali kapangidwe kake ka zomangamanga ndi kunyengedwa. Kugwira ntchito limodzi ngati chojambula, ndipo monga ndandanda, Bernini adasiya chithunzithunzi cha fanizo la munthu Wake yemwe, komanso zojambula zazing'ono zingapo, atapanga imodzi mwa zoyambitsa zaluso zaluso.Amakonda Vatican ndi Papa, Bernini adalandira malamulo odalirika kwambiri ampingo. Mu 1624-1633 Georgia, anaimitsa paguwa lalikulu la nsembe ya St. Peters, wokongola komanso wamphamvu m'matumba ake. Maziko a kapangidwe kake kamakhala ndi matumba owoneka bwino omwe amapanga zotsatira za kukula kosalekeza. Bernini Bernini adasankhidwa kukhala woyamba wa Caredt wa St. Peter. Kuposa wina aliyense, Maitro adathandizira kukhazikitsidwa kwa mitundu yatsopano ya baroque pomanga mzinda wamuyaya. Kuphatikiza apo, zingwezi zovutirapo sizinawonekere munthu, koma, m'malo mwake, iwo ankawachitira izi, kulimbikitsa njira yachigololo yothetsera ku Roma.
Kwa mapulojekiti ndi zojambula za Bernini, akasupe okongola amapangidwa ndi ziwerengero zomveka, kutanthauza zachilengedwe. Uwu ndi "Triton Kasupe" (pa Barberini Square, 1640) ndi kasupe wa mitsinje inayi (pa Navna Square inayi (pa Navna Square, 1647-1652). Kuphatikiza apo, mu 1656-1665, malowa adapangidwa kutsogolo kwa tchalitchi cha St. Peter, chomwe chimateteza tanthauzo lake monga mpingo waukulu wa Chikatolika. Gran, mogwirizana ndi Churnade Ollevade, malinga ndi Bernini Mwiniwake, "limaliza nyumba yokumbatira." Mpingo wa Sant Andrea Alquistrina (1658) amayamba kukhazikitsidwa, yemwe amakonda wowonerayo ndi phokoso lamphamvu la mafomu ake, ndi "masitepe achifumu" adapangidwa ku Vatican (1663-166). Chifukwa cha njira yochezera, bambo wotsika kwambiri amawoneka wokwera kwambiri kuposa kwenikweni. Kuyitanidwa ku Paris, kupita ku bwalo lachifumu, Bernini adagwira ntchito yogwira ntchito mu 1665 polojekiti yayikulu ya mawonekedwe a Louvre, ndipo mu 1671-1677 - polojekiti ya chipilala chofanana ku Louisraschiv.
Baran Barogi ali ndi mbiri yake, yofatsa pang'ono kuposa Europe. Menshikova Tower ndi nyumba za naryshkinsky barochko, Menshikov Tower ndi nyumba za naryshkinsky Baromenon adayamba kukhala wokondweretsa. Wodzikongoletsa Wowala kwambiri a XVIIV, omwe amagwira ntchito imeneyi anali, kumene, Bartholomew (bartoromo) rastrelli. Pali nyumba zophatikizira ndipo, makamaka, zomwe zimaphatikizidwazi zikuyenda: nyumba yachisanu yozizira, nyumba yachifumu ya ecarskoye selo, nyumba zachifumu zochepa za St. Petersburg. Ndiwo banja la GremLlin kunyumba yachifumu: chipinda chogona komanso chipinda chochezera chakutsogolo, ofesi ya mfumu, Sewero lakutsogolo. M'dziko lonse lapansi, kalembedwe kakang'ono ka Russia kokha kumangodzitamandira mbali zonse ziwiri.
Kogwilira nchiti
Tsopano sankhani mbali zazikuluzikulu za baroque kuti mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mwayi polenga mkati mwanu. Kuyamba ndi, kutanthauzira zokhazikika ndi zinthu zoyenda mlengalenga. Kutengera zomwe zidzakhale kosasunthika - zopingasa - magawo kapena makoma, khomo kapena potseguka zenera, chojambula pansi kapena kasupe wofunikira.
Gawo 1. Dziwani kuti mwayi wanu kapena nyumba yanu. Ganizirani za mitundu yayikulu komanso yamphamvu komanso yamphamvu imavutikira "kufinya" mu 40m2. Mbali ya Appulani yolumikizidwa ndi zomangamanga mwaluso, ntchito yanu iphatikiza mawonekedwe ndi "kudzazidwa" kwa nyumbayo.
Khwerero sekondi. Pangani zojambula ndi mapulani. Kuti muchite izi, ndikofunikira kuwerengera mwachitsanzo mlengalenga monga wonse ndi chipinda chilichonse padera. Kupanda kutero, sizingafanane ndi gawo lililonse la zinthu zilizonse zomwe mungayime, ndi buku lenileni. Pangani zojambula zochepa, aliyense wa iwo amaperekedwa kwa kalembedwe kapena kalankhulidwe.
Gawo 3. Mzere wophatikizira ndi malo okhala. Zojambula zoyambirira zimakhudza yankho la kukonzanso. Ngati ndi kotheka, pangani chithunzi. Ngati palibe kuthekera kotere, yesani kuyandikira vutoli, kutsanzira malo a baroque, "kupondaponda" ndi malo ophatikizika. Nawa magawo ofunikira a magawo, masitepe opindika, masitepe opindika ndi ofanana ndi miyoyo. Gawo la zojambula limadzipereka ku zomangamanga, kukhala gawo lopotoka kapena PYLON.
CHAKA CHACHINAKE. Chotsatira chotsatira chitha kulola kukongoletsa mkati mwanu. Tinene, chitani zipinda zokhala ndi Stucco, kenako, zopindulitsa zokongoletsera, onjezerani zokongoletsera.
Tsopano mutha kuyima ndikuyang'ana mkati momwe mungaganizire. Pakadali pano, muyenera kupanga chisankho chomaliza pakati pa kumanga kwa nyumba yonseyo komanso mawu osakhwima.
Mapewa ndi kapangidwe
Tiyerekeze kuti mwasankha yankho la kadinalo - ndikupanga mawonekedwe ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zigawo za baroque. Pano sitimamiza kwambiri motsutsana ndi chikhalidwe cha nyumba yachifumu ya Russian Baroque, ngati mupulumutsa khonde. Nyumbayi imagawidwa kutsogolo ndi payekha, ndipo khoma limakhala lokongola. Zingwe ndizoyenera, mizati (awiri kapena yopotoka), magalasi ambiri.Maofesi akutsogolo akuphatikiza chipinda chochezera, malo odyera, salon, mwina ofesi. Kuyendetsa mapangidwe a chipinda chochezera ndi chipinda chodyera, kumbukirani kuti kuphatikiza kwawo kothandiza ndi khitchini kapena wina ndi mnzake mkati mwake ndikovomerezeka. Ngati mungakwanitse kuchipinda chodyera, musachinyalanyaza. Kugwirizana kwakukulu mzimu wapamwamba komanso kuchuluka.
Zipinda za parade zapezeka pafupi ndi khomo. Amatha kuyikidwa mbali zonse ziwiri za njira yogawika, potero ndikupanga kapena kutsanzira maholo a baroque. Pokongoletsa chipinda chochezera, gwiritsani ntchito molimba mtima mawonekedwe onse okongoletsa: ma ceres a Stuls, otonthoza, minyepo, mawonekedwe komanso magalasi ambiri. Zojambula pamtundu wa nyumba yachifumu zitha kudzipereka ku ndakatulo yonse. Imapezeka ku Ciches, zongotonthoza ndi malo oyaka moto, ndipo padenga, zimaphwanya malo, kuchulukana kapena kupanga ma ngodya zachilendo. Palibe mtundu wina womwe sunagwiritse ntchito kalilole kuti ndiyandikire ndakatulo komanso motero. Chifukwa chake, yesani kuwonetsa kuthekera kwa zojambulajambula zamkati mwanu.
Gawo ndi voliyumu
Mukamatulutsa kuchuluka ndi kuchuluka kwa kalembedwe, chitani pang'ono. Kupatula pang'ono kapena, m'malo mwake, gwiritsani ntchito mitundu yopindika komanso yosiyanasiyana. Zowonjezera zochepa kuposa momwe mungafunire kuchokera ku malingaliro a kudzichepetsa, ikani zokongoletsera mu zokongoletsera za makoma ndi mipando. Chokhacho pang'ono, chiloleni kuti lijambulidwe ... zosintha zosintha ndi kuchuluka kwa mavoliyumu ndi kuchuluka kwake zitha kupezeka pakutulutsa kowoneka bwino komanso kuwongolera muyezo wa kutalika ndi m'lifupi mwa mizere.
Mapulani apulasitiki
Kapangidwe ka pulasitiki ka khoma, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito pang'ono pompopompo-ma colomes a mawonekedwe a makona a rectangolar kapena semicle ndi mitu yomanga. Ndege yam'mphepete, kupatula magalasi, mawonekedwe owoneka bwino kapena miyala, zokongoletsedwa ndi maperekedwe azothandizira. Njirazi zimapanga pamwamba pa pulasitiki ndikusintha ndege yanthawi yayikulu.Mitundu
Kuchokera ku mafilimu apulasitiki amapita ku zida. Wolemekezeka kwambiri komanso olemekezeka aiwo adzakhala mabowo. Lero kusankha mabulo okongoletsera kumalikulu. Livi, yokhala ndi mizere komanso zofewa zofewa, kapangidwe kazinthu izi zili ndi nyumba yokongola. Kuyambira ma nble, simungathe kuchita zitsamba kapena zotayira moto zokha, komanso ma counteprops. Gloss zawo zozizira zigaweka ndi kuwala kotentha kwa zinthu zambiri zoweta. Ndimachepetsa pang'ono mawu a baroque omwe mutha kukhoma kapena trellis ndi zipembedzo komanso nthano chabe. Kupanga kwawo kofewa komanso kozama kumapangitsa kuti chisangalalo chikhale cholimba. Chipinda chogona, chipinda cha ana, chipinda cha ana, chimatha kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yonse ya ma dvepes a velvet. Zipinda zamapepala ndizofunikira kuti zikhazikike kwambiri ndikukonda nsalu zokhala ndi mawonekedwe osalala - silika, atlas. Iikani khungu!
Mawonekedwe okongoletsa
Muli ndi ufulu wopanga chinthu chopanga mkatikati, ndikugwiritsa ntchito ngati zokongoletsera. Itha kukhala chipilala, mzati kapena pilaster. Pakutsanzira kwamakono, ndizomveka kusankha cholinga cha kutonthoza ndi phokoso lakuyaka mkati, osasinthasintha kwa kusintha kwakukulu kwa malo. Zinthu zokongoletsera zokongoletsera zomwe zimapangitsa chithunzi cha nyumba yachifumu, magalasi ndi ofunikira.Ntchito yomaliza imafuna khama yochepa ndipo imangokhala mkati mwa mkati mwa kalembedwe. Kuti apange nyumba yachifumu yanyumba, baroque idzakhala nkhani yokwanira, mipando yonse yabwino. Wokhazikika pansi pa bedi lakale ndi denga lakale, Bureau wa Armau kapena God Lal Bureaurcromu kuchokera pamtengo wopotayo kapena chipinda cha nthambi ya wouisxiv kapena catherine.
Kalembedwe kalikonse kamafunika moyo weniweni kuti uzigwirizana ndi mafomu. Mwachidule, mawonekedwe ndi moyo womwe umayamikiridwa muukadaulo. Barroque amachotsa chithumwa cha mphamvu, lolo lololo losatha. Kalembedwe kameneka nthawi zonse udzakhala wachangu zapamwamba kwambiri. Mwina, choncho amabwerera mobwerezabwereza kwa ife m'mabanja osiyanasiyana, neurokko, kalembedwe kanyumba, etc. Ngati mungathe kupatsa chovala chanu cha manja aliwonse, chifukwa cha Baro, mosakaikira, sangakhale lipenga la zochuluka.
Buku lopanga mabuku ku Russia
ANEFILUDA (Fr. Enfilade) - malo angapo oyandikana nawo, zitseko zomwe zimapezeka pa nkhwangwa imodzi, yomwe imapanga malingaliro otsekemera (mwachitsanzo, mu nyumba zachifumu).
Basupu - Kuphatikizika kwa mzere, mipanda.
Videnura - Carpet-ntypent yokhala ndi masamba a Motifs, mawonekedwe, herldry, koma osati ndi ziwerengero. Posnovna Verdura anali otchuka mu XVII.
Osapindulitsa (ITAL. Vorutica, makalata. Curl) - zokongoletsera, zokongoletsera, zokongoletsera, stal ndi "diso" pakati. Zambiri za zomangamanga, zitseko, zitseko, mawindo. Comprote gawo la odetsa.
Lyrandol - Chithunzi Choyitchinjick cha makandulo angapo. Valani patebulo kapena yolumikizidwa kukhoma. Makamaka otchuka mu baroque ndi rococo era.
Udoara - Mtundu wa inlaid kuchokera ku mitengo yamitundu ina yamitundu ina yamitundu ina. Magawo a Intars zokongoletsedwa mipando ya Renaissance Era ndipo makamaka Baroque.
Kotole (Fr. Kutuluka Khoma kapena kutumizidwa ndi mbali imodzi mpaka khoma la khoma, khonde, losonkhetsa, Vase, etc.
Lepunina - Kukongoletsa zokongoletsera (zojambula, zokongoletsera) kunja ndi mkati mwanyumba, monga lamulo, kuponyedwa kapena kuponyedwa kuchokera ku pulasitala, konkriti, etc.
Ngakhale mabatani - Mutu, wopangidwa ndi mbale zomata kuchokera ku mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nkhuni ndi zida zina. Njira ya Marquetry inali yotchuka kwambiri mu baroque ndi rococo mipando.
Mtundu wa Naryshkinsky . Zinali zokwanira matchalitchi okongola-owoneka bwino (atkilah ndi trovingky-lykov) ndi nyumba zakunyumba ndi zotchinga zoyera zoyera.
Mapiritsi. (Pylon. PYY CISON, makalata. Chipata, cholowetsa) - zipilala zazikulu zomwe zimathandizira kuthana ndi portal portal, kulowa mu mlatho.
Chabwino - Makanda ochokera ku ntchito za luso lokongoletsa ndi rococo era. Kuimira chuma, thanzi, chochuluka. Osati kuti musasokonezedwe ndi angelo, komwe Inti imasiyanitsidwa ndi chiyambi chaukale komanso chinsinsi chathanzi.
Wabata . Kuthana ndi zingwe kumatha kuchitidwa mu pulasitala kumatsanzira zomangazi.
Kalembedwe kena kapolo - Mtundu wa mipando yopangidwa mu msonkhano wa Charles Bul (kumapeto kwa XVII-Kuyamba kwa zaka za XVIII). Chokhutira cha mipando iyi chinali chopukutira cha nkhuni zakuda komanso kugwiritsa ntchito ma intrasions.
Mdo - Yozungulira yozungulira. Nthawi zambiri, Tdodo adayikidwa pawindo kapena khomo.
Shinozeryry (SPR. "Chitchaina") - Mipando yokongoletsa mipando mu Chinese Chinese.
Trellis - Kapeti wamanja wa manja.