Kuthirira madzi ndi kumeza mbali za nyumbayo. Mitundu ya madzi osokoneza bongo malinga ndi njira yogwiritsira ntchito ndi mfundo yochita. Akatswiri.
Chifukwa chopangidwira masitima a nyumba za nyumba ndizofanana ndi m'mapanga achilengedwe, kutayikira komwe kumayambitsa.
Magawo ofuna kukonzanso zokutira:
a) kuvula pansi burashi wachitsulo;
b) kubweretsa burashi ku zitsulo zazitsulo za kema armafix anticrossion yophimba;
c) Kuyika wosanjikiza wa fai fm (3 mm);
d) Kubwezeretsa kwa wotchinga konkriti pogwiritsa ntchito chosakaniza chowuma cha fai rm.
Mphepo yamtunduwu siyimangoteteza pansi m'madzi, komanso kupulumutsidwa ku ozizira.
Madzi ndiye maziko a moyo, wopanda iyo, munthu sadzatha masiku asanu. Komabe, mawonekedwe a chinyezi mu chipinda chapansi sikuti amangowononga mwiniwake wa momwe akumvera, komanso poimba moyo uno.
Za makumi ambiri zomangidwa m'zaka zaposachedwa (ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhala zokwera mtengo kwambiri), anthu ambiri amafunikira kukonza kwakukulu ndi malo okhala pansi. Kuphatikiza apo, kukonza kumeneku sikukumveka popanda kubwezeretsanso dongosolo lonse la madzi osautsa maziko ndi mbali zomenyedwa za nyumbayo. Chifukwa cha kutayikira kwa "mliri" chonchi - mu zolakwa za kapangidwe ka kapangidwe kake, chifukwa chosowa kapena omanga kwambiri, ntchito yabwino kwambiri, ndipo nthawi zina zimakhala zosangalatsa kwambiri wopanga.
Mitsinje yapansi panthaka, malo ogulitsira
Mulingo wapansi panthaka (agb) zimatengera mtundu wanthaka. Mwachitsanzo, kuti ku Moscow dera ndi kozungulira. Imasiyanitsidwa ndi kufooka kwamadzi ndi kuzama kwa bomba lomwe limaphulika kwa aqufar. Kukongola kwa malo obisika pansi kumakakamizidwa kuthana ndi kafukufuku wa hydrogelogical. Ngati cholepheretsa china chake chidzakhala pamalo okweza (mwachitsanzo, maziko a konkriti a nyumba yanu), magwero oyenda pansi pa nyumba amatsuka. Kusungunuka kwa chipale chofewa ndi madzi oundana, mvula yachilimwe, Mtima wolumula wa ndakatulo, - zonsezi zimayambitsa zowonjezera kusefukira kwa nyumbayo.Mawonekedwe a dothi "m'lifupi =" okhazikika
Kwina kumeneko, mwa kuya, pali dothi lotentha. Kuchokera pamenepo, chinyezi chimakwera dothi lonse mu digiri imodzi kapena ina ndi madzi osokoneza bongo ndipo, monga zinthu zilizonse zopweteka, kuyesera kuti mudzitengere madzi palokha. Dothi lodzaza kwambiri ndi lowonda la ma pores mmenemo, kukwera kwa ma capillar kumadzi. Ngakhale dongo lonenepa kwambiri ndilochedwa kwambiri, koma limaphulika chinyezi kutalika kwa 12 m ndi kuposa momwe alfande.
Kutalika kwa capillary kukweza kwa chinyezi pamwambapa mulingo wa aquifar
| Mawonekedwe a dothi | Kuwona kwa Dothi | Kutalika kwa capillary kukweza, m |
|---|---|---|
| Owoneka bwino | Sambani kutsukidwa, miyala | 0 |
| Osindikiza | Mchenga wowuma | 0.3-0.15 |
| Mchenga ndi wophimbidwa | 1,1-2 | |
| Opangidwa ofooka | Kudumpha | 1,1-2 |
| Suglink yosavuta | 2-2.5 | |
| Suglok sing'anga, wolemera | 3.5-6.5 | |
| Chosalowa madzi | Mafuta onenepa, dongo | 12 kapena kupitirira |
Mazikowo akukhala nthawi yomweyo ndikuletsa (nthabwala)
Mtengo wamaziko nthawi zambiri umakhala 15-20% ya mtengo wathunthu wa nyumbayo, ndipo mtengo wa madzi ndi 1-3%. Koma zolakwika ndi magwiridwe antchito osauka sizingafunike kugulitsa mtsogolo mwa mtsogolo.Chifukwa chake, ntchito yomanga imayamba ndi malo osungiramo maziko. Maziko omwe amaperekedwa kwambiri amakhala ndi zabwino zambiri, zomwe zimapezeka kwambiri komanso njira yabwino yopezera ndalama. Koma kuchokera pakuwona kwa madzi oteteza madzi ndiofunika mpaka maziko a monolitic. Kusowa kwa ma seams otsika kumathetsa kufunika kopita panjira yawo, ndiye kuti, kudzazidwa ndi matope a simenti. Kuphonya pang'ono kolumikizana (komwe kuli ochepa, monga lamulo, ma brigades omanga kuchokera kum'mwera kuchokera kumphepete mwa nyanja) kwa mzere wapakatiwo sikokwanira.
Palibe ntchito yomanga popanda kuphwanya (chitsanzo, nsanja yotchuka mu mzinda wa Pizi, Italy). Zosakhazikika za nthaka, risiti ya chinyezi cha nyengo, kutentha kumayambitsa dziko lapansi ndipo, mavuto amkati mwa chipinda chapansi. Chinyezi chomwe chimatenga mu pores of konkriti chikukula nthawi yozizira (ndi 9%) ndikuphwanya. Chifukwa chake microwracks imapangidwa, kutsegula njira yopita kwa madzi omwe amagwira. Vutoli silinayambika lero, ndi njira ya chilolezo wake pali ambiri.
Malinga ndi njira yogwiritsira ntchito ndi mfundo yogwirira ntchito, mitundu yotsatirayi ya kusaina kwamadzi imadziwika bwino: Kukuta, kulowa, kulowa, kuyika.
Kuphatikiza apo, pali: nyimbo zokhazikika zokonza zokolola zadzidzidzi; Ukhondo; Nyimbo za Hydrophobic zopereka konkriti ndi njerwa zodzikongoletsera; Antisole, odana ndi vuto lalikulu komanso kuchuluka kwambiri.
Zopusa zamadzi
Zaka 5000 zapitazo, nzika zakale pomanga nyumba mu lotastone zinagwiritsa ntchito phula lachilengedwe kuti lizikhala ndi madzi. Ndipo tsopano, zinthu zomveka ndi zida zopindika ndizofala kwambiri, zodziwika, ndizotsika mtengo, zotsika mtengo, zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito. Koma ziyenera kukumbukiridwa m'maganizo mwa izi: moyo wawo wautumiki umangokhala zaka zisanu kapena zisanu ndi chimodzi. Chowonadi ndichakuti phula lokha limataya kale ndipo limakhala losalimba kale pa 0 ° C ndikukula pa kutentha kozungulira kumeneku kumayambitsa mawonekedwe a ming'alu. Kuphimba kumeneku kumakhala kapena kufinya. Kuphatikiza apo, kugwira ntchito yotentha kwambiri (kutentha kutentha (kutentha kutentha mukagwiritsa ntchito 120 ° C!) Ndizosasangalatsa komanso zowopsa.
Kusekula kwa zinthu za Petrochetum kumadzetsa kutuluka kwa omwe akupikisana nawo kwambiri, zitsulo zopangidwa (ma polima) ndi zida zozikika pa iwo. Bitumen-rabara ndi phula-polymeric mass ozizira ozizira pa zosungunulira organic zimapangidwanso.
Mitundu yazomwe zimapangidwa
| Maganizo a Mastic | Kutentha kwa ntchito,Kuchokera | Wosanjikiza makulidwe Mm. | Kudya kwapakati kg / m2. | Mtengo 1 makilogalamu, opaka. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chofufumitsa | 120-160 | -1 | zisanu | 3-6 |
| Raumaus mphira | 80-95 | -1 | zisanu | 10-20. |
| Tumium Polymer | -20 ... + 50 | 2-3. | 2-3. | 155 |
Mwachitsanzo, phokoso-lalk-lalx-20 ", lomwe a AOZt" Ryazan Cardboard chomera "chimapanga bwino. Zipangizo za polymeric zopanga zakunja ndi pafupifupi katatu kapena kanayi zokwera mtengo kuposa zogulitsa zaku Russia.
Simenti-polymeric okhala ndi mastic chouma chowuma cha simenti ndi michere ya mchere ndi ya zogwirizana. Kusakaniza kumatsekedwa ndi madzi, emulsion yapadera kapena kupezeka kwa ma policymers (acrylic, sisilicone kapena vinyl). Chifukwa cha gawo la simenti, zokutira izi zimakhala ndi zomatira bwino mpaka pansi. Ma pulasitiki owonjezera a pulasitiki amathandizira kuti zinthuzo muzigwiritsa ntchito bwino kwambiri, komanso m'malo omwe takumana ndi vuto komanso kugwedezeka. Zigawo zamadzi zimalowa m'madzi kulowa mkati mwa maziko ndi kuwaza. Makulidwe a zovala zotere ndi yaying'ono - 1-3 mm.
Kuchokera pazomwe mungayitane ndi Pubcol as motalika kuchokera ku Index (imalumikiza oposa 40kg / c22 ndi W22 Thomo, Barralastik yopangidwa ndi chimwalanda. Madzi oyambira kuchokera ku Osmoalastic (index) ndi 2k (schomburg) amakumana ndi kutseguka pamtunda mpaka 2 mm. Zida zapamwamba zimakhala ndi madzi otsika kuposa w10, ndiye kuti, amatha kukaniza madzi mopanikizika 10mm. Zachidziwikire, kulibe ndege zotere mu nthaka. Koma kupsinjika kwa njira zamchere kumalowa mkati mwa maziko (osmotic) kumatha kufikira kofanana.
Zipangizo zofananira ndi "Checht" Chenjezo "(LLC" hayidrogen "), zokutira za hydrothex mndandanda (Niizi), izi zikuyeneranso kusokonekera kwamitundu ya Hydro-S. Zowona, makulidwe amtundu wa zinthu zotere ayenera 30-50mm.
Kutentha kwa madzi okutira kumagwiritsidwa ntchito, monga lamulo, kuteteza nkhope kuchokera ku chinyezi cha ma capillary (mkati mwa nyumba) ndi madzi a nthaka (kunja) ndikusintha madothi ndi matalala.
Zojambula Zosasamala Zotengera Zotseka Zotsetsereka
| Kupanga | Dzina | Kudya, kg / m2 | Mtengo 1 makilogalamu, opaka. |
|---|---|---|---|
| Thongo, Belgium | Mpesa. | 3-4.5 | 66. |
| Wofulalani wamkulu, Germany | Barralastik | 1.5-2 | 59. |
| Kema, Slovenia | 94. | 3-4 | 38. |
| Index, Italy | Osmoflex | 2. | 62. |
| Schombarg, Germany | Aquapin-2k. | 3-4.5 | 37. |
| LLC "haldrogen", Russia | "Chenjezo" Chenjezo | 3-4.5 | 40. |
| Scoms, Russia | "Glims-Matersm ' | 6-12. | khumi ndizisanu ndi zinai |
| Niizb, Russia | "Hydrothex-b" | -1 | 24. |
Madzi oyambira
Chophimba chake chamadzimadzi chimachitika kuchokera ku zogubuduza kapena makanema othira madzi okhazikika pansi ndipo wina ndi mnzake pogwiritsa ntchito madzi amtsinje. Zotuzi zodziwika bwino ndi dzina la Rubkeroriid, pergamine okha. Zipangizozi sizikhala zoweta, osakhala kunja komanso, motero, akhandabe. Pang'onopang'ono amasinthidwa ndi nthumwi za m'badwo watsopano wa mitsinje yofuula: isooplast, izoplest (ecofleclast (lcnononolist (tehnononoflex). Monga maziko, zopangidwa ndi polyester, galasi cholester, fiberglass) imagwiritsidwa ntchito pophimbidwa. Phula limasinthidwa ndi ma polima a sbs (styrene-butadiene-styrene) ndi pulogalamu (yactic polypropylene), zomwe zimakulitsa kutentha kwake.Zida zokulungidwa (kuchokera ku ICopal, index, moto wamoto) umadziwika ndi wapamwamba komanso wamtali, koma zisanu mpaka kasanu kuposa ku Russia.
Kulimbika ndi Akatswiri Kuzindikira kuti kugubuduza kusada ndi kodalirika komanso kokhazikika, koma mphamvu yatha. Pamafunika kusasamala kosafunikira kwa zoposa 2mm, maziko owuma amafunikira, primer phula la emulion, wopsinjika kwambiri kapena kuthirira. Pankhani yogwiritsa ntchito madzi akunja otere (ndi kukakamizidwa kwa madzi abwino), ndikofunikira kuteteza (mwachitsanzo, kugwiritsa ntchito zojambula, mapanelo kapena geotextles) kuchokera kuwonongeka kwamakina.
Zovala zapakhomo zogubuduza
| Kupanga | Dzina | Imasunga zotupa patali, | Mtengo 1 m2, opaka. |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fakitale "izoflex" | Isooust | -40 ... + 90 | 70-80 |
| Isophocstic | -25 ... + 90 | 60- 90. | |
| CJSS "Tekhnonikil" | Yuniflex | -15 ... + 110 | fifite |
| Chatenoelast | -25 ... + 100 | 40-70 |
Kulowetsa madzi
Kukonzanso zosafunikira pa simenti komwe kumayambira (kuchokera ku Chingerezi. Kulowa) kulowa kwapeneti). Nyimbo zoyambirira za kalasi iyi zidayamba kupanga kampani Vandexineationd. (Switzerland) mu 40s wa xxvek.Zipangizo zopepuka zimapangidwa ndi simenti ndi zowonjezera za mankhwala othandizira komanso mchenga wosweka. Ankakonda kuchepetsa zipilala za konkriti. Zowonjezera pamodzi ndi chinyezi cha capillary zimagwera pores yotseguka mu makulidwe a suble, komwe amalumikizana ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu ndikupanga makhiristoni a mawonekedwe a ulusi. Ma Pores amapendekera kwambiri, kukhazikika kwamadzi kumakhala kotsika. Ndipo izi zili choncho ngakhale kuti phokoso la nthunzi limachepa pang'ono komanso kuthekera kwa makoma kuti "kupuma" kumasungidwa. Kukula kwa mawonekedwe osanjikiza madzi kuyambira 1: 3mm. Amakhulupirira kuti zinthuzi zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kunja komanso mkati mwa nyumbayo.
Kulowa m'maganizo ndikwabwino kwa konkriti yatsopano. Mukamakonza konkriti yakale, pores yakunja imakokedwa kapena kutsekedwa ndi miyala yamtengo wapatali, ndikofunikira kuti muyeretse pansi mwateni kuchokera pa pulasitala ndi kutsegula, kutsegulira kwa capillary. Komanso, starper kapena burashi wa waya wa opaleshoni iyi sikokwanira. Pamafunika kuwombera kwa kuwombera kapena ndege, kugwira ntchito kovuta pafupifupi 15-20thm.
Maganizo a akatswiri »m'lifupi =" okhazikika
Pamtima pa ntchito iliyonse yomanga, ngakhale kuti njira zambiri zothetsera ntchito yake, nthawi zonse pamakhala zovuta, zothetsera zaka zoyeserera. Izi ndi zomwe akatswiri amalangizidwa ndi CJSSC CACT Convent kwa milandu iwiri m'malo ovuta. Pankhaniyi, chiopsezo cha kuchuluka kwa capillary ndi kukakamizidwa kwamwazi mvula kumadzaza. Chifukwa chake kutetezedwa kwa maziko ayenera kuphatikizidwa ndi njira yopanda madzi ndi madzi oyambira. Choyamba, iwo amaponyera yekha maziko ndikukhazikitsa kulimbikitsidwa kwa makhoma ake. Kenako kuzungulira kumachitika mapaipi okhetsa madzi, amaika makoma a maziko ndikuponya pansi. Pansi pamakhala mwamuamulayer ndikuyika pamchenga (komanso kukonzekera bwino). Pa dothi la Sabe, kukonzanso kumakutidwanso ndi Grocan. Mangani konkriti yolumikizidwa ndi makulidwe a 100-150m amayikidwa mu osanjikiza polymer membrane (tepixter). Mapepala ake amawombedwa ndi burner yotentha ya gasi ndi okwanira 100mmm. Chotsatira ndi kutulutsa kwamatenthedwe, kusanja kwapakati, ndipo konkrizirayo idawala. Kunja, maziko amathandizidwa ndi preuder bintimer bid Kusanjana kumatsekedwa ndi ma geocal kapena oteteza komanso oteteza. Kuzungulira kumatenga pafupifupi milungu 4-5.
Kusakanikirana
| Kupanga | Dzina | Kudya, kg / m2 | Mtengo 1 makilogalamu, opaka. |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vandex International ltd., Switzerland | Vandex Super | 1-1.5 | 95. |
| Index, Italy | Osmosel | 3. | 46. |
| LLC "Technologies yatsopano", Russia | "Wosagwedezeka" | 1.6-3,2 | 45. |
| Xypex Mankhwala Corp., Canada | Xype | 0.8-1. | 182. |
| LLC "haldrogen", Russia | Peloweranon | 1,2 | 159. |
| "LaCHta" kulowa " | 1,2 | 60. |
Okwera madzi
Tekinoloji ina yopanda madzi ndikupanga zojambula zoteteza. Kuchokera kwa nthawi yayitali, dongo lophatikizika (wosanjikiza 40-50cm) limagwiritsidwa ntchito pacholinga ichi - zinthuzi zili ponseponse.Kukula kwachilengedwe kwa lingaliroli kunali kotchedwa Bentonite Kupanda madzi. Dongo la bentonite, lomwe latchulapo katundu wa Colloidal, limatha kusewera gawo la chishango ndi makulidwe a 1-2 cm. Monga mapiri a mapiri a mapiri. , ku Rawmat HDB bentonite. Khadi laukali panthawi ya opareshoni limawonera m'nthaka. Zotsatira zake, belu lonse limazunguliridwa ndi dongo.
Pa msika wapabanja pali Nibento Kuthandizira Masa (Akzo Nobel nkhawa), komanso mapaneloti a bentomat ndi ma voltex (cetco). Mitengo ya bentonite Masamu - pafupifupi $ 10 pa 1M2.
Chitukuko chomaliza m'munda wa technology technology - polymer geomembranes. Ubwino wawo wotsimikiza - kulimba mtima, kusalowerera ndale, kukana kuphatikizika kwa kapangidwe kake kake. Chophimba chimakhala ndi intaneti yokhala ndi spikes yozungulira mpaka 8mm ndi kusefa zinthu. Malemba amateteza kachitidwe ka nthaka ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timakhala ndi tinthu tomwe timakhala ndi ma njira zotsekemera zomwe madzi osasefedwa amatumizidwa ku ngalande. Kusankha kumeneku kumalepheretsa nyumbayo, kumaperekanso makhoma osatetezeka, komanso kumateteza mbale zam'munsi za maziko kuchokera ku chinyezi cha capillary. Zojambula za ngalande zimangoyenda bwino mu zovuta zomwe zimakhala ndi ngalande ndikuleka kugwira ntchito pomwe dothi lapansi lam'madzi limakwera pamwamba pamlingo wochotsa mapaipi.
Mu msika waku Russia, zinthu za fundalin ndizodziwika (Ondulin, France), procesne), Deltay), Germany), Rusmart Membrane- $ 4-8 . Koma mtengo wonse wakukonzanso ngalande, kuphatikizapo zokolola ndi zapamwamba zonse, ndizokwera kwambiri.
Kutulutsa kwamafuta
Nthawi zambiri pamakhala zoyesayesa, ndalama ndi zida pa zosama zamadzi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, ndipo m'chipinda chapansicho chilimwe. Culuriti imatha kukhala yopanda malire pakhoma la mpweya wonyowa. Chifukwa chake, makoma apansi kuchokera kunja ayenera kukhazikitsidwa, ndipo mkati mwa mpweya wabwino. Mutha kuphimba makhoma ndi "ofunda" ofunda "ofunda" omwe amachepetsa matenthedwe ozizira (mwachitsanzo, omwe amachepetsa, Kema Stoge; Amapezeka powonjezera zowonjezera zopangidwa ndi mapulogalamu a plaster) kapena kuphatikizidwa kuchokera osakaniza.
Pakutulutsa kwamafuta, mbale zamphamvu kuchokera pakukula kwa Polystyrene chithovu, styrodur (basf), ndikukhumudwitsa) PPP imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ntchito zoyambirira nthawi imodzi ngati madzi oyendetsa madzi, ndipo chachiwiri, m'magulu awiri, monga chida chokwerera.
Njira Zofikira
Ndalama zomwe zimaperekedwa zikusonyeza kuti njira yokhayo yotetezera chinyezi sichikhalapo. Mulimonsemo, kutengera malo omanga komanso opaleshoni ya nyumbayo, muyenera kupanga njira yanu yophatikizira.Njirayi ndi yodziwika ya index (Italy), ntchito zowuma (Netherlands), Remiars Bauchemie (Germany), Flovenia), FRAMURE) ndi ena. Ndipo ngati, Mwachitsanzo, mu Masyment Index, Vandex International ltd. Ndipo Delta ali ndi zinthu 1000 za zida zokhudzana ndi zosankha, ndizokwanira kuphatikiza chinsinsi cha "chithandizo" cha kusweka kulikonse. Njira zokwanira zitha kuwoneka ngati zodula ($ 12-60 pa 1M2), koma zimatsimikizira kupambana.
Maganizo a akatswiri »m'lifupi =" okhazikika
Tiyeni tingonena kuti: Chiweto ndi zinthu zoterezi zomwe zingakhalepo sizili. Osangokhala kuti madziwo azingoyang'ana pang'ono ponseponse kunyumba, momwemonso kuphatikizika kwa maziko adzakhala kofunika. Chifukwa chake, maziko onse amafunikira kudzipatula. Choyamba, ndikofunikira kupopa madzi pamalo omanga. Pansi pa kufufuzira, kukonzekera konkriti kumachitika. Amayikidwa pazinthu zakumanzere makoma a maziko ndikuyika zinthu zosagwedezeka ndi malo 500-700mm kuzungulira kuzungulira, kenako ndikuyamba khoma. Pofuna kuti musawononge "kapeti" yolumikizirana ndi ntchito ina, imatetezedwa ndi konkriti wa konkriti ndi makulidwe a 30-40mm. Kenako amakweza mphamvu, mafomu ndikuponya pansi pa maziko, makoma ake ndi jenda. Pambuyo pa SANGASHEMET, mafomuwo amachita bwino. Kuchokera kumwamba, siyani masheya a 300-500mm kuti apange chodumphadumpha kuchokera kumakoma a nyumbayo. Pansipa, chimbudzi chokhazikika chimawombedwa ndi chopingasa. Pankhaniyi, phyment polimen nembanee selastane p4 4mm yolimbikitsidwa, yolimbikitsidwa ndi fiberni ya polsterra, itha kukhala zinthu zothandizira. Maonekedwe onse amathandizidwa ndi primer (indever). Nembanemba imayikidwa m'magawo awiri. Kuyang'ana zakumbuyo pamakoma kumatetezedwa ndi mapanelo ndikuwazidwa ndi dothi. Kuchita zinthu kumatenga masabata osachepera 7-8, ngati kudzipatula sikuchitika konkriti yolimba.
Gwirani ntchito pa nsikidzi
Tiyerekeze kuti nyumbayo idamangidwapo, ndipo chapansicho chimadzaza ndi madzi. Ngakhale kwa nkhaniyi pali njira zambiri zapadera komanso zida zotheka kuti zikhale zolimbikitsa.Choyamba. Tiyenera kudziwidwa pano kuti kugawanika kwawo pakumanga ndikukonza moyenera, - polimbana ndi kutaya ndi kuwonongeka kwa kutaya kwake ndi zabwino. M'nkhani yathu, kulekanitsidwa kumangopangidwa kokha kuti mumveke bwino.
Nthawi zambiri, kubwezeretsa kwa madzi akunja kwa magawo omenyerako kumakhala kovuta chifukwa chosatheka kupembedza. Chitetezo chotulutsa kuchokera mkati. Pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa makonzedwe akunja ndi amkati amkati. Poyamba, kukakamizidwa kwamadzi kuchokera kunja kumakanikizira zokutirako, kumachokera pachilichonse. Chifukwa chake, masticn mastic ndi zokutira sizikugwira ntchito pa madzi amkati. Nawa zinthu zoyenera za mmenga za mmenga zomwe zili ndi zomatira zabwino mpaka konkriti kapena njerwa zothandizira. Mu ntchito zamkati, zokutirabe, zolowa m'malo mwake, ngalande ya pulasitiki yokhala ndi kuchotsedwa kwamadzi ndi pampu, etc.
Zida za jakisoni ndi matekinoloji
Pali ukadaulo wamadzi womwe umapangidwa ku USSR kuyambira 30s wa xxvek. Imagwiritsa ntchito kudzera m'makoma m'makoma ndi maziko omwe amakulolani kuti mupeze yankho la simenti kapena galasi limakhala ndi wolimba kuchokera mkati mwa maziko amkati mwa maziko ndi dothi. Chifukwa chake, "SARCOGUS" imapangidwa, ndipo kusadzikuza kwakunja kumabwezeretsedwa popanda kunyamula malo okhala padziko lapansi.
Chiwerengero cha zovuta chomwe chimakhudzana ndi kusakonda madzi, njira zothetsera vuto lawo komanso ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito sizimatha ndi mndandanda womwe uli pamwambapa. Koma za izi, nthawi yotsatira.
Otsatsa zikomo ku atomstroy, "Gidrospestsproekt", "Conventrostroy", "Spettsgeroy", "Spestpostroy", TESSeyrererevis, TESSERerekis, yemwe amapereka thandizo pokonza zinthu.