Mwachidule za msika wa utoto wa kusintha kwa ntchito zakunja. Opanga zapakhomo ndi azungu, maadiresi ndi kuchuluka kwa mafoni.
Maso okongola amasangalatsa ndiiwo yekhayekha wa nyumbayo, komanso wa munthu aliyense wodutsa. Mu magazini yomaliza, tinakambirana za njira zopumira (zolemba
"Kumaso Okhazikika"). Tsopano tikulankhula za zojambula za kumaliza ntchito zakunja. Ntchito yawo yayikulu, kuwonjezera pa kupanga zokongoletsera, ndiye kutetezedwa kwa mawonekedwe a chilengedweMonga zida zonse zomaliza, zojambula za ntchito yakunja, kapena, monganso tipitiliza kuwaitanira, zouluka zimasiyana pakugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zina ndipo zitha kugawidwa m'magulu atatu:
Pamtunda wachitsulo;
forming mawonekedwe;
Pamatabwa.
Izi zimaperekedwa kwa zopereka za "miyala" ya "mwala". Timatanthauzira nthawi yomweyo, zomwe tikutanthauza ndi mawu akuti "Mwala". Palibe amene sangapatse mawonekedwe a granite kapena makoma a konkriti, koma makoma a konkriti, malo omangidwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma pusters, okhala ndi sandstone, ayenera kupakidwa utoto. Chifukwa chake, pansi pa mawu akuti "mwala" atapanga utoto wa utoto, tidzamvetsetsa chimodzimodzi. Mofananamo, m'mawu akuti "zowoneka bwino" zidzafotokozedwanso pa utoto womwe upangiri wa "mwala" womwewo umayang'ana.
Ntchito yofunika kwambiri yokutidwa ndi chimbudzi ndi kuteteza kwa nkhope ndi chinyoni. Chowonadi ndi chakuti pafupifupi njira zonse zowonongeka za miyala yomwe imagwirizana ndi zosokoneza zakuthupi, zamankhwala komanso zamakono, mwanjira ina, zimakhazikitsidwa pa chinyezi. Mvula, makamaka ndi mphepo, ndikuyenda pamakoma. Madzi amatha kusamalidwa kuchokera pamwamba pa tinthu tating'ono, mwala, ndikumanga matongete. Komabe, ngati udindowu anali woperewera, kungakhale polbie.
Monga zida zina, mwalawo umatha kuyamwa madzi, omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi kutupa. Zikuonekeratu kuti miyala yonseyo imatenga madzi mosiyanasiyana: mwachitsanzo, matope opangira phazi ndi njerwa mwamphamvu, omwe simunganene za Granitite, omwe amatenga mphamvu ya zomwe ndizochepa kwambiri. Ngati madzi alowa mwala kumalire pakati pa zida zomanga, ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale pakati pa zinthu zomwezi (mwachitsanzo, sandstone), magetsi amphamvu amachitika. Kwinanso mphamvu za mwala ulibe, ndikusweka. Makamaka madzi olimba amatengedwa pafupi ndi seams. Iwo, monga lamulo, amapangidwa ndi owaza kwambiri, odzipereka amphamvu, miyala yamchenga kapena simenti, motero pali khola la simenti nthawi zonse.
Makina Akuluakulu Owonongeka a Mwala M'mphepete mwa msewu wa pakati pake akubera (I.e., kutentha pang'ono). Mwalawu wouma sunamveke ku chisanu. Koma palibe miyala yotere pakati pa msewu wapakati. Madzi opezeka pamavuto, pamakhala kuchuluka kwake pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo asanu ndi ozungulira mozungulira magwero. Chifukwa chake, microcrass imabuka, yomwe imayambanso kubwezeretsanso chinyezi, ndipo imaziziranso motero, ngakhale ma microcracks osaphatikiza ming'alu wamba, yowoneka. Zimakhala zozungulira: Madzi owonjezekawo anaponya mwalawo, wamphamvu kwambiri ming'alu, olimba mtima, madzi ambiri amatha kuyimba. Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa chiwonongeko kumasungidwa.
Chochititsa china ndi chochita cha mchere wamchere. Amatha kulowa pansi pazinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi zipilala za makoma kuchokera m'nthaka, kungokhalira kubangula cha mwala. Mankhwala omwewo omwewo amapangidwa mochuluka m'magawo a mafakitale komanso mipweya yotulutsa ya sulufule, nayitrogeni ndi phosphorous oxisis ("mvula"). Ngakhale mphamvu yosavuta, yopaka kwamvula yamvula pamtunda pamalo okwezeka acidity imakwezedwa kwambiri.
Kuyenda kwamadzi kumatsimikizira kusamutsidwa kwa mchere kuchokera mkati mwa nyumba yomanga nthaka. Mchere unkasungunuka m'mawuwo, ndikupanga zip. Pansi pa mchere, makamaka gypsum, pali njira zovuta zamankhwala zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pamapeto pake pamapeto pake zimapangitsa kuti chiwonongeko chiwonongeko cha microcroctarsti ".
Ma bowa, mossen, lichen ndi algae, akuponya zinyalala, ndipo nthawi zina amathanso kufalikira (makamaka), ndi zowopsa za njira zawo zopezera ndalama. Kuopsa kwakukulu kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ziphamoyo, kuphika pansi ndi ulusi woyamwa. Kuchokera ku zinthu zonse zowononga izi ndipo kuyenera kuteteza zojambulazo. Mitundu yawo ndi yambiri, koma magulu atatu akulu atha kutsiyidwa, omwe amasiyana mu zinthu za binder (maziko), omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito panopo), omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito panobe)
Kubalalitsa zojambula zoyambira kumakhazikitsidwa chifukwa cha zitsulo zopangidwa. Amadziwika ndi hydrophobity (yopanda madzi), kututa, mphamvu zabwino. Ubwino wosagwirizana wa utoto wa utoto wa utoto uwu wa utoto, magawo apamwamba aukadaulo ndi madzi ngati kuchepetsedwa (kusinthana kosakanikirana). Ndi chifukwa cha iwo ambiri ovala mautoto opangidwa padziko lonse lapansi. Kubalalika zotupa ndi nthunzi zokwanira, ndiye kuti mawonekedwe ake omwe amathandizidwa nawo "amapumira nyengo, yomwe imakupatsani mwayi wokutira ndi katundu wabwino kwambiri. Kufalitsa zojambulazo musankhidwe (kupatula fungo lofooka la monomer yotsalira), amagwiritsidwa ntchito mosavuta ndi burashi, wodzigudubuza. Malinga ndi akatswiri, utoto wamadzi pacrylate umadziwika kuti ndi wabwino kwambiri malinga ndi zomwe amagwiritsa ntchito, ngakhale nthawi zambiri ma oploli angapo ali gawo la utoto wotere, komanso mndandanda wa AcHylic. Koma nthawi yomweyo amafunikira kusungitsa kuti ndi malo owoneka bwino omwe sagwirizana. Za izi pambuyo pake.
Katundu wa utoto aliyense amatsimikizika ndi kapangidwe kake. Kubalalika utoto ndi kupezeka kwa madzi (maoto ocheperako, okumbutsa mkaka) wa filimu yomwe kale ndi mafilimu ndi utoto. Kuphatikiza pa zigawozi, penti ngati zowonjezera - ma emulsifieers, zomwe zimathandizira kupanga madontho a utoto m'madzi, oterera, oganiza, antiseptics ndi ena ambiri. Zachidziwikire, gawo lalikulu la utoto ndi chofunda, kapena, monga momwe amaphatikizira ngati wopatsa mu kanema, chifukwa ndi omwe ali ndi udindo wopanga filimu yomwe ikuchitika. Nazi zina mwazofunikira za bindeer: kutentha kochepa filimu (yochepera + 5C); Kulimba mtima kwakukulu, nyonga ndi nyengo kukana kwa polymer; Zolemba kwambiri za filimu yomwe idayamba kale (More45%) ndipo, mwachidziwikire, kukhazikika posungira ndikuyambitsa.
Zovala za Sillote Zovala ndizogawana zomwe zimabala zitsulo zozikidwa pagalasi yamadzimadzi yomwe ili ndi kukonza zowonjezera zachilengedwe. Amakhala ndi mabilidwe akulu, koma alibe zisonyezo za hydrophobic. Silting zojambula zimaperekedwa mu mawonekedwe.
Utoto wokhazikika pa silikari ndiye utoto wamakono womwe umaphatikiza zinthu zabwino kwambiri za silika ndi kufalitsa utoto. Chizindikiro chawo ndi mankhwala a silika. Utotowu umakhalanso wobala, koma malo opangira ulicnone amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati binder. Utotowu uwuto umasiyanitsa mphamvu, kukhazikika komanso kupuma kokongola, makoma opaka utoto amatetezedwa bwino ndi zinthu zonse zakuipa.
Chinthu chachikulu ndi zovuta za kugwiritsa ntchito zojambula zilizonse ndizogwirizana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya omwe adzagwiritsidwe. Pali malo angapo osagwirizana ndi magulu ena a utoto. Pofuna kuti musalakwitse mukamagula, samalani mosamala tebulo lathu, lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe ofunikira kwambiri a mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamitundu yosiyanasiyana yamiyala yakunja.
Opanga nyumba ambiri apakati a utoto amazindikira kupanga kwa utoto wa matekinoloji akumadzulo ndi zida zapamadzulo. Pakati pawo, JsC "skim" (moscow "), zomwe zimapanga zotupa zingapo (perchlorvinyl zojambula zamagetsi zamagetsi, utoto wa acrylorvo 850"; "skim"; Madzi-acrylic donalts vda; silicone K-168 ndi Cial80; mitundu yambiri ya utoto); Zao "oolicture" ku Moscow Chomera "Lakokraska" ("Acryl-Luck"; Acrylic madzi obalalika a VD-101). Chizindikiro "Syatezar" chadzitsimikizira bwino. Acrylic poloseme "Scankhulatozar-15" amakonda kutchuka koyenera. Zomangamanga "stroykomplekt" zimapereka utoto wa ma ako a Vdak-1306, omwe agawika m'mayiko anayi: "Cholinga", "muyezo", "waluso" ndi "akatswiri" ndi "akatswiri" ndi "akatswiri" ndi "akatswiri". Nyimbo ziwiri zoyambirira zimapangidwira kuti zikhale zopambana kwambiri komanso kukonzekera koyenera musanapatsidwe penti yomaliza. Ndi zina mwa opanga za Russia okha.
Opanga angapo akumadzulo omwe amapanga utoto amatuluka kupanga ku Russia. Chitsanzo cha mgwirizano wotere ndi Moscow Enterprise "Iris Dector", woyambitsa yemwe amatsogolera Spain Akro. Utoto wopangidwa ndi utoto wa ntchito zakunja umagwirizana ndi miyezo yapadziko lonse. Kukulaku kuyambitsa kupanga mndandanda watsopano wa zojambula zomwe zili pansi pa korona komwe kumachitika ku European kudandaula Akzonobel (Holland).
Koma mwa onse, Russia ilibe kupanga mitundu yamakono ya zojambula zamkati, mwachitsanzo, monga zojambula zochokera pa silicnone ma resun ndi nyimbo zawo. Ndi chifukwa ichi pamsika waku Russia pakadali pano ndizogulitsa kwambiri kuchokera ku Europe, America ndi Asia.
Opanga ku Scandinavia m'maiko omwe amakhala pamalo otsogola malinga ndi mtengo wa mtengo / mtundu. Chitsanzo chowala ndi kampani ya Sweden ndi kachilombo ka HIVColor, yomwe imapereka zojambula chifukwa cha kufalikira kwa nyengo yomwe yachitika pachiwopsezo cha ku Russia. Zogulitsa za firms ziwiri za ku Finzo Nobel Dekoy (ScreecCman Solin) ndi Tikkurila pacys (Trapnika Tikkurila) amasangalala kwambiri. Kenako ndi makampani achijeremani. Mefefeag (Zizindikiro za Dufa ndi Flamingo), lachu, Reka, mtundu wa tex ndi okhawo omwe amaimira kampani yaku Germany yopanga utoto. Opanga Turkey amagwira ntchito mwachangu. Kenako avposly adayamba kukulitsa msika waku Russia wa mafayilo ochokera ku Slovenia. Kuphatikiza pa omwe adatchulidwa, mu msika waku Russia pali zojambula kuchokera ku England (Kanturn IC, Trance Dulux), France, USA ndi mayiko ena.
Ndipo pomaliza, mawu ochepa okhudza momwe mungachepetse ndalama zomwe zimasunga mawonekedwe angwiro. Malinga ndi Accers akatswiri ojambula, mtengo wa zolumikizana umawerengeredwa motere: kukonzekera koyambirira kwa mawonekedwe - 45% ya mtengo wonse wa mtengo; Malipiro amalipira 37%; Ndalama zomaliza zida - 18%. Mutha kupanga zotulutsa ziwiri zazikulu kuchokera ku manambala awa: Choyamba, chitoliro cha utoto chisanachitike chizikhala chokonzekera bwino, chifukwa sichabwino kuti mabisi onse akuluakulu onse amangotulutsa utoto wokha, komanso njira zoyambira Amalimbikitsa kuti azitha kuchiza pamwamba musanafanoma, ndipo, kachiwiri, ndibwino kugwiritsira ntchito zinthu zapamwamba kwambiri kuti mukwaniritse. Pokhapokha ngati izi zidzakhala zazitali (zaka 10 mpaka 15), zomwe zimabweretsa ndalama zochulukirapo.
Kugwirizana kwa Zovala Zapamwamba Ndi Malo Otsekedwa
| Pamwamba pomwe utoto umagwiritsidwa ntchito | Kubalalika Mwazi | Kutengera Siccin | Silika |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lamba-simenti | Zabwino kwambiri | Zabwino kwambiri | Zabwino kwambiri |
| Laimu pulasitala | Osayenera | Chabwino | Chabwino |
| Pulasitala yokongoletsa mchere | Chabwino | Zabwino kwambiri | Zabwino kwambiri |
| Lime Sandstone | Chabwino | Zabwino kwambiri | Zabwino kwambiri |
| Mchenga | Osayenera | Chabwino | Zabwino kwambiri |
| Utoto wa silika, zoyera | Chabwino | Zabwino kwambiri | Zabwino kwambiri |
| Utoto wa silika kapena pulasitala | Chabwino | Zabwino kwambiri | Osayenera |
| Utoto wa laimu. | Osayenera | Chabwino | Chabwino |
| Kubala utoto | Zabwino kwambiri | Zabwino kwambiri | Osayenera |
| Plasitions kutengera zitsulo zopangidwa | Zabwino kwambiri | Zabwino kwambiri | Osayenera |
| Simenti | Chabwino | Osayenera | Osayenera |
| Kudula mbale | Chabwino | Chabwino | Chabwino |
Ogulitsa pa utoto
| chimodzi | Ochezeka | Leninsky pr-t, d. 87 | tel. 132 5883. |
| 2. | ICI utoto. | ul. Usacheva, d. 33/2, p. 2 | Tel.: 245 5970, 245 5096 |
| 3. | Ng'ona | ul. Dubininskaya, 53a | Tel. 235 266, 235 5411 |
| zinai | Dufa / Flamingo. | ul. New Arbat, D. 18 | tel. 564 8470. |
| zisanu | Lacufa. | Leninsky pr-t, d. 95a | Tel. 936 2122, 936 26211 |
| 6. | Tex-mtundu | Denisovsky pa., 2 | Tel. 267 6374, 261 5758 |
| 7. | Korona. | ul. Smalny, D. 24d | Tel.: 795 0160, 795 0163 |
| zisanu ndi zitatu | Supro. | Gawo la Electrode, D. 16 | tel. 304 6820. |
| zisanu ndi zinai | Belliza. | ul. Pakati pereylavskaya, d. 14 | tel. 280 6708. |
| 10 | Weta | ul. Pakati pereylavskaya, d. 14 | tel. 937 5761. |
| khumi chimodzi | Chiwerewere | Votryakovskykys, D. 10 | tel. 937 2769. |
| 12 | Dyo. | Arkhangelsky pa., D. 1 | tel. 208 0220. |
| 13 | LLC vtk "poly-r" | ul. Lobninskaya, D. 18 | tel. 485 3844. |
| khumi ndi mphabu zinayi | Ena. | Mkate pa., D. 8 | Tel. 134 0367, 203 8726 |
| fifitini | Tikkurila. | Zochita zina., D. 9 | tel. 264 8496. |
| khumi ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi | Vivacolor | Likhborevsyaya nab., D. 5a | tel. 466 2669. |
Ena mwa zojambula zoyambira zomwe zaperekedwa pamsika waku Russia
| Cholimba | Maliko penti | Mtundu wa utoto | Mazunzo | Kumwa, m2 / l | Ma CD, L. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alcro-Beckers Ab, Sweden | Expo Fasartet. | Viomulsion | Mochedwax-acrylic | 6-8 | 1.4; 10 |
| Renassans-v Fasadfarg | Viomulsion | Silicone emulsion | 4-6 | 3.8; 11.3. | |
| Renassans Faidfarg. | Kumwalalitsidwa | Acrylic utoto. | 22-4 | 0.94; 3.6; 10.8. | |
| Silikatfarg. | Silika | Galasi lamadzi | -1 | zinai; 10 | |
| Vivacolor, Sweden | Hansa nobel | Kumwalalitsidwa | Acrylate, kusinthidwa Silifiyo | 4-6 | 2.7; 9,18 |
| Hansa sicat. | Silika | Galasi lamadzi | 4-10. | 0.9; 2.7; asanu ndi anayi; khumi zisanu ndi zitatu | |
| Hansa klassik | Viomulsion | Layimu | 4-10. | 0.9; 2.7; asanu ndi anayi; khumi zisanu ndi zitatu | |
| Hansa sokkel | Kumwalalitsidwa | Acrylate | 4-10. | 0.9; 2.7; asanu ndi anayi; khumi zisanu ndi zitatu | |
| Ica penti, england | Dulux w / s yosalala | Kubalalika, osalala | Acrylic emulsion | 14-16 | |
| Dulux w / s nyengo zonse zomangamanga | Kubalalika, osalala | Acrylic Coptolymer | 14-16 | zisanu | |
| Dulux W / S Mafuta Omanga | Kubalalika, sikelo Ovota | Acrylic emulsion | mpaka8. | zisanu | |
| Alligator, Germany | Fassaden- Falbe3000. | Kumwalalitsidwa | Acrylate | 6.5 | 2.5; 5, 12.5 |
| Silika (f) | Kumwalalitsidwa | Acrylate | zisanu | 5, 12.5 | |
| Phylax | Kumwalalitsidwa | Acrylate | 6.6. | 120.5 | |
| Silsilan Fassadenfaarbe | Silifiyo | Siloxane Resin | 3.7-4 | 120.5 | |
| Silsilan-Universal | Silifiyo | Siloxane Resin | 4-5.9 | 120.5 | |
| Milopan. | Silifiyo | Siloxane Resin | 6.25. | 120.5 | |
| Mikangano ya Miropan. | Silifiyo | Siloxane Resin | 4.3 | 120.5 | |
| Kieselit Fassadenbe. | Silika | Galasi lamadzi | 3-5 | 120.5 | |
| Dufa / Flamingo, Germany | Fassaden- Fallea900. | Kumwalalitsidwa | Acrylic emulsion | 5-5.5 | 2.5; zisanu; 10; 120.5 |
| Ackalat-carden- Tsogolo | Kumwalalitsidwa | Acrylate | 6.5 | 2.5; zisanu; 10 | |
| Lacufa (Caparol), Germany | APRICOLID-2000. | Ma acrylate oyenese (malinga ndi kampani ya kampani) | Acrylate | zisanu ndi zitatu | 2.5; zisanu; 120.5 |
| Cap-elast unit | Ma acrylate oyenerera (kampani yaying'ono) | Acrylate | zinai | 120.5 | |
| MORCHLO-Plus. | Kumwalalitsidwa | Michere yokhala ndi siloxan | zisanu | 2.5: 5; 120.5 | |
| Amphorisil. | Kubalalika kwa Silika | Galasi lamadzi | 5-5.5 | 120.5 | |
| Caporol Acryl-Fassadenweness | Kumwalalitsidwa | Ma acrylate kutengera zitsulo | zisanu | zisanu; 120.5 | |
| Dubarol (W) | Polymer | Tsimitsi La Polymeric | zinai | 120.5 | |
| Amphos (w) | Silifiyo | Siloxane Resin | 5-6.5 | 120.5 | |
| Am TOL silikat-Fassadeferbe | Silika | Magalasi a Potash Potash ndi quartz | 5-6.5 | zisanu; 120.5 | |
| Sylitol Reinsilikat-Famba | Silika | Galasi lamadzi | zinai | 120.5 | |
| Sylitol-Egalisarfarbe | Kubalalika kwa Silika | Osinthidwa Galasi lamadzi | 5-6.5 | 120.5 | |
| Sylitol comment. | Silika | Galasi la potash, yolimbikitsidwa ndi Siloxane | -1 | 120.5 | |
| Lacufa (daamaant) | Neu acryl-fassadnoss | Kumwalalitsidwa | Acrylic | 5-6 | 10 |
| Reesa, Germany | UNI-Fassadeferbe | Kumwalalitsidwa | Acrylic emulsion | 6. | zisanu; 120.5 |
| Resacyl. | Kumwalalitsidwa | Acrylic emulsion | 7. | 120.5 | |
| Relayan. | Osati yachilengedwe | Zitsulo zopangidwa | 5.5 | 120.5 | |
| Reesa-Siloxan | Silifiyo | Silicone emulsion | zisanu | 120.5 | |
| Mtundu wa Tex, Germany | Tex-Egarizationbe. | Kumwalalitsidwa | Acrylic emulsion | zinai | fifitini |
| Tex-Renovierbe | Kumwalalitsidwa | Kubalalika kwa acrylic | zisanu | fifitini | |
| Tex-silika. | Kumwalalitsidwa | Acrylic emulsion | zisanu | fifitini | |
| Silikat-fassadeferbe. | Kubalalika Sikolote | Galasi lamadzi | zisanu | fifitini | |
| Siloxan-Fassadeferbe | Kumwalalitsidwa | Siloxanova | zisanu | fifitini | |
| "Irisdecor", Russia | "Iris Exor" | Kumwalalitsidwa | Cuva-Acevate Copsolies | 110-170 g / m2 / pa wosanjikiza | zisanu; fifitini; 25; 60. |
| Zao Akzo Nobel Dekor, Russia | Korona (chithunzi) | Silifiyo | Silan-syloksanova | 5-6 | zisanu; 10 |
| Ooo supro, Russia | Supro acryl lanklex | Kumwalalitsidwa | Acrylic emulsion | 8-10. | 2.5; zisanu; 10 |
| Turo Acryl lanza | Kumwalalitsidwa | Acrylic emulsion | 10 | 2.5; zisanu; 10 | |
| Turo Coleur Fratedx kunja | Kumwalalitsidwa | Acrylic emulsion | 8-10. | 2.5; zisanu; 10 | |
| Thamro Super Acryl | Kumwalalitsidwa | Acrylic emulsion | zisanu ndi zinai | 2.5; zisanu; 10 | |
| Supro Colear Super Acryl | Kumwalalitsidwa | Acrylic emulsion | zisanu ndi zinai | 2.5; zisanu; 10 | |
| Belliza, Slovenia | Opal Tolor. | Kumwalalitsidwa | Acrylate | 10-11m2 / kg | 16 kg |
| Jub, Slovenia | Acrylcolor. | Kumwalalitsidwa | Acrylic emulsion | 3.5 | 2.5; zisanu; 120.5 |
| Mpumulo wa Acrylcolor | Kumwalalitsidwa | Acrylic emulsion | 1,2 | 2.5; zisanu; 120.5 | |
| Revitcolor AG | Kumwalalitsidwa | Acrylic emulsion | 2. | 2.5; zisanu; 120.5 | |
| Takril. | Kumwalalitsidwa | Acrylic emulsion | 3.5 | 2.5; zisanu; 10 | |
| Jubosil F. | Silifiyo | Silicone emulsion | 3. | 2.5; zisanu; 10 | |
| Jubosil FX. | Silika | Galasi lamadzi | 3. | 2.5; zisanu; 10 | |
| Revitcolor si. | Silika | Galasi lamadzi | 2. | 2.5; zisanu; 10 | |
| Helios, Slovenia | Spectra. | Kumwalalitsidwa | Acrylic emulsion | 10 | Palibe deta |
| A Martin Senar utoto, USA | Moyo wabwino. | Lomaliza | Osagwedezeka | 10 | 0.94; 3.78; 18.9 |
| Platinamu | Lomaliza | Osagwedezeka | 10 | ||
| Betek, turkey | Beteraky. | Silifiyo | Silicone emulsion | 6-10. | 3.75; fifitini |
| Mawonekedwe a beteran. | Silifiyo | Silicone emulsion | 0.8-2m2 / kg | 25 kg | |
| Betakril. | Kumwalalitsidwa | Acrylic emulsion | 7.5-10. | 2.5; 3.75; fifitini | |
| Mapangidwe a Betakril. | Kumwalalitsidwa | Acrylic emulsion | 0.8-2m2 / kg | 25kg | |
| Beekdur. | Kumwalalitsidwa | Acrylic emulsion | 7.5-10. | 3.75; fifitini | |
| Dyo, Turkey | Demosil | Silifiyo | Silicone emulsion | 8-12. | 17.5 |
| Dythex. | Kumwalalitsidwa | Acrylic emulsion | zisanu | 2.5; 17.5 | |
| Marshal, Turkey | "Acrice" | Kumwalalitsidwa | Acrylic emulsion | 12 | 2.5; 7.5; fifitini |
| LLC vtk, poly-r, Russia | Poly-R (Chithunzi) | Kumwalalitsidwa | Acrylic emulsion | 6.5 | zisanu; 10 |
| Ena, France | Ma alpafdade | pa zosungunulira | Tsimikizani mtundu wa plintite. | zisanu ndi zitatu | 10 |
| "Zovala Zakulu" | Viomulsion | Acrylic emulsion | 5-7 | 10 | |
| "Alpafasad polyacryl" | Viomulsion | Acrylic emulsion | zisanu ndi zinai | 10 | |
| Akzo Nobel DKoy, Finland | Sakko Lukko. | Kumwalalitsidwa | Acrylic emulsion | 3-6 | 10 |
| Tikkurila utotoy, Finland | KiVitex (mawonekedwe) | Kumwalalitsidwa | Acrylic emulsion | 3-5 | 3; 10; makumi awiri |
| Kivotex (Siltel) | Silika | Galasi lamadzi | 4-10. | 0.9; 2.7; asanu ndi anayi; khumi zisanu ndi zitatu | |
| Kvisil. | Silifiyo | Silicone emulsion | 4-10. | 0.9; 2.7; asanu ndi anayi; khumi zisanu ndi zitatu | |
| Yuki. | Viomulsion | Mochedwax-acrylic | 4-10. | 0.9; 2.7; asanu ndi anayi; khumi zisanu ndi zitatu | |
| Yuha. | Kumwalalitsidwa | Acrylic emulsion | 4-10. | 0.9; 2.7; asanu ndi anayi; khumi zisanu ndi zitatu | |
| Noasil. | Kumwalalitsidwa | Acrylate, kusinthidwa Silifiyo | 4-10. | 0.9; 2.7; asanu ndi anayi; khumi zisanu ndi zitatu | |
| Miyala, Hungary | Dekton-Ex. | Kumwalalitsidwa | Acrylic emulsion | Palibe deta | 25 kg |