Kubwereza Nyengo Yakuya Mtengo Wa Nyama: Opanga, kuyika chizindikiro, maupangiri kwa ogula.
Zachidziwikire kuti ambiri adakumana ndi nyali zawo, koma sanayamikire kukopa kwawo mkati ndi kapangidwe ka nyumbayo. Tikuthandizani kuti mupange nonsenu m'derali, ndiye kuti mutha kuwonjezera zojambula zatsopano kunyumba kwanu.
Nyali za fluorescent
Magwero otulutsa mpweya ndi zida momwe mphamvu zamagetsi zimasinthidwa kukhala ma radications omwe ali ndi vuto (mwachitsanzo, kudzera mu Sercury mu States (mwachitsanzo, kudzera mu malingaliro okwanira) otsika, palibe chiwopsezo chaumoyo wa ogula). Mu liwu, mothandizidwa ndi gawo lamagetsi ku Vapor awiriawiri, radiation ya ultraviolet for diso adapangidwa. Kuti mutembenuzidwe kuti ziwonekere, chinthu chapadera chimayikidwa mumthunzi wa chubu. Mwa kusintha mitundu ya phosphor, mutha kusintha mitundu ya nyali.Nyali za fluorescent ndizosiyanasiyana: mzere wowongoka (mzere), wopindika komanso wophatikizika (cfl). Matauni a machubu amatha kukhala mkati mwa 16-60mm, koma samalumikizidwa ndi mphamvu ya nyali, yomwe nthawi zina imafika 200W.
Mabatani ozungulira amakhala ndi zigawo ziwiri zamitundu iwiri: g-13 (mtunda pakati pa 13mm Pinys) nyali ndi g-5 nyali zokhala ndi mainchesi a 16m.
Nyali za fluorescent ndizabwino kwambiri. Kubwezera kwawo kumadalira mphamvu ya zida zosintha zosintha ndikufika pamalingaliro a 50- 90 LM / W - ndiye othandiza kasanu kuposa nyali za epearscent. (Komabe chilungamo chifukwa chopereka nyali zowala zowala ndi zoberekera zapamwamba kwambiri ndizopanda zachuma).
Kodi mitundu yawo imasiyana bwanji?
- Nyama "masana" imapereka kuzindikira kwapadera kwambiri kwa utoto ndikufalitsa molondola mtundu;
- Nyali zowala zowala zowala zoyambira pakufunika kuphatikiza kuwala kwachilengedwe ndi mawonekedwe;
- Kutentha ndi nyali zoyera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito muzomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zotonthoza ndi kutentha.
Mwachidule, mikhalidwe yolembedwa ndizokwanira m'malo ambiri okhala.
Nyali zokhala ndi mawonekedwe apadera (makamaka akumadzulo) amapereka kusintha zinthu zina mwazinthu (mwachitsanzo, nyama zopangidwa zopangidwa); Awa amaphatikizaponso nyali zapadera zazomera ndi mafatala, ndipo kuwonjezera pa nyali zosada zokongoletsa mkati.
Nyali nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwunikira ntchito (mwachitsanzo, kukhitchini), kuyatsa hovu, bafa. Alipo, mwakutero, sanapangidwe kuti azikhala ndi kuwala, ndipo sakulinganiza, koma pali nyambo zapadera zokhala ndi zowonetsera zamkati, chifukwa cha mtengo wonse wa nyali yonse. Nyali yotereyi imatha kuyikidwa pa 4-5m.
Pafupifupi kukhala moyo wa avarescent a fluorescent ndi 5000-8000. Zitsanzo zolowezidwe zingakhale ndi chisonyezo ichi, kupeza ndi kupitirira 10000h.
Zinyalala zowoneka bwino
Gawo la chipangizo cha nyali za fluorescent (clf) ndikuti chubu chotulutsa chimapangidwa chomwe chingachepetse kutalika kwa nyali. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti nyambo zotsika kwambiri zotsika (mpaka 20w) ndikukonzekera kuti zitseke nyali za incandescent zimapangidwa m'njira yoti zitha kutembenukira pa cartridge mwachindunji kapena kudzera mwa adapter. Nyali zophatikizika zimatha kuperekedwa kwa magulu otsatirawa: Nyali, zomwe ndi njira ina, kuchokera ku maudindo opulumutsa mphamvu, nyali zamiyendo; nyali zamaluminola zopambanitsa; Magwero ang'onoang'ono ochepera omwe amasintha nyali za flurescescent.
Cll adatulutsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Amatha kukhala ndi chipangizo chosinthira podikodiko (e5) ndi kutalika kosiyana. Mwachitsanzo, ngakhale nyali zokongoletsera mphamvu zokongoletsera ndi mpira waukulu wa mpira wakuda (mpaka 300 mm) amapangidwa.
Zinyalala za iwo zimapangidwa ndi ulusi kapena zingapo, zomwe zili ndi zikhomo ziwiri kapena zinayi. Monga lamulo, nyali ziwiri zokutira ziwiri zimabwera ndi yoyambira, ndipo stroko-stroko - yopanda, ndipo imagwiritsa ntchito makina owongolera magetsi. Nyali zokhala ndi ulusi wambiri wa E 14 kapena E 29 ndi Era zomwe zopangidwa zitha kukhazikitsidwa pafupi ndi nyali zonse m'malo mwa mababu wamba.
L-luminesions
Choyera choyera
TB- Kutentha ndi White
Kusiyanasiyana kwa Chroma
C- Ndi utoto wabwino
Y- "Y" - ngati
E- ndi zachilengedwe
Zithunzi 6, 8, 13, wazaka 6, 20, 30, 30, 40, 65, 80 zikuwonetsa mphamvu yovotayo mu watts. Chitsanzo cha chizindikiro: LBT 18-Y. Kuyera kwa fluorescent yokhala ndi utoto wabwino kubala, 18-watt, "y".
Ngati muyerekezera CLL ndi nyali ya incandacenty, ziyenera kuwonedwa kuti mtengo wamagetsi pamlandu wa clf amachepetsedwa ndi 80%. Kuwala kubwererako kwa nyali zam'madzi zochokera kwa 40 mpaka 80 lm / w, kukwera ndi mphamvu yochulukirapo ndikuwonongeka kwa dzina la utoto. Mababu a Inndison 25, 40, 60, 75 ndi 100w akhoza kusinthidwa ndi nyali zophatikizika (popanda kuwunikira) nyali) ndi mphamvu ya 5, 7, 15, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 15w.Nyali ya Fluorescent imaphatikiza katundu wabwino kwambiri mu nyali za incandescent zikulu ndi nyali za froorescent. Kunena za zachuma, kuyenera kudziwa kuti mtengo wamagetsi, poyerekeza ndi nyali za incandescent zowala zomwezo, zimachepetsedwa mpaka 80%, ndipo moyo wa Utumiki ndi wotalikirapo nthawi zonse 10-12. Cl, ngati magwero owala pang'ono, m'malo mwa nyambo zina zokulankhula. Mitundu yapadera ya Cll imapangidwa kuti ikhale iminaire. Nyali zophatikizika pang'onopang'ono zimayamba kutulutsa zikhalidwe zachikhalidwe, osati m'malo okhala okhala, komanso powunikira gawo pafupi ndi nyumbayo.
Ndipo pamapeto pake, ndikanakonda kutchula zachuma chimodzi, opusa kwathunthu ndi ogulitsa onse. Chowonadi ndi chakuti mercury zomwe zili mu nyali zomwe zimachokerapo kuyambira 40 mpaka 70 mg, ndi mercury, monga mukudziwa, chinthu chakuizoni. Mlingo uwu sudzakuvulazani zambiri ngati nyali yosekera, koma ngati mukhala mukuwonongeka kwa nthunzi ya Mercury, ndiye kuti adzakhazikika "ndikudziunjikira" m'thupi, thanzi. Zowopsa kwambiri kwa akazi, chifukwa zimasintha majini mthupi. Kutha kwa moyo wa Utumiki, monga lamulo, kutaya komwe kunagwa, osaganizira zotsatira zake. Vitoga Ife ndi Pravim Pang'onopang'ono.
Tsoka ilo, mosiyana ndi West, tili ndi vuto lotaya nyali zomwe anthu ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito, kutali ndi chitukuko.
- Kutentha kwambiri kwa flask sikupitilira pafupifupi 50 o-60s, komwe sikokwanira kudziwitsa zinthuzo. Chifukwa chake, kugwako kumatha kukhudzidwa ndi manja osemphana ndi manja, ndipo chiyerocho chikuwala.
- Cll ndi yofunika kwambiri pakutumikira, poyerekeza ndi nyali zina za fluorescent.
- Kuperewera kofunikira kwa Cll ndikuti ikaphatikizidwa mwachindunji, ndi masekondi angapo "amaganiza", ndiye kuti, sikuyaka nthawi yomweyo, kenako nkunyamula zonyezimira nthawi zina.
- Kutayika kwamphamvu munsalu kumapanga pafupifupi 30% ya mphamvu ya nyali. Ndipo zinthu zotsika mtengo zimayimiriridwa ndi opanga opanga: Chula chomera cha ku Poltava, chomera chomera cha Poltava. D. Osram, a Philips, General Elestric (USA) ndi ena ndi atsogoleri akunja akupanga zinthu zowala. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti mtengo wa mababu apakhomo, poyerekeza ndi analogue wachilendo, yaying'ono, koma nthawi zambiri mtundu wa zinthu zomwe zimakhala zotsika kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, pafupifupi, mtengo wa babu wakuwala ndi ma ruble 6-8, komanso kulowetsedwa - koma ntchito yathu ingakhale maola 5,000, ndipo maola 10,000 - 10,000. Chifukwa chake, musanapange chisankho chanu chopanga nyali, muyenera kulankhula "ndi" kutsutsana ", kuti musokeretse zolinga zamtundu wanji, mumagwiritsa ntchito kangati ndipo mumachita chidwi ndi: Mtengo kapena mtengo wotsika womwe sikuti nthawi zonse umakhala wodalirika.
Kwa ogula pa cholembera
- Monga zotupa zonse, nyali za fluorescent zimafuna zopatsa thanzi, kuzindikiritsa, kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ntchito za chipangizo chapadera - zida za epiaratus (Pram). Pali nthawi yofala kwambiri ya prattle ya pra (ufulu wamagetsi ndiokwera mtengo kwambiri). Kuwotcha nyali yoyala, yoyambira imafunikira. Imayikidwa mu nyale m'derali. Zovomerezeka kuchokera kwa opanga akunja, mbewu zaku Russia sizimamalizira magetsi oyambira.
- Nyali zambiri zakunja zimatha kugwira ntchito wamba (Srocery) ndi zida zamagetsi zosintha (ert). Koma ena aiwo amangofuna mtundu umodzi wokha wa kumanja. Nthawi zonse muzifotokozera zochitika izi mukamagula.
Ubwino wa Ep kuti a Pra: ku Epira, nyali siyikuwoneka bwino, ndibwino, osati phokoso (chifukwa cha Pra), amasunga magetsi (chifukwa cha magetsi) Kutayika mu e5 kumakhala kotsika kwambiri kuposa thruthl). Nthawi yomweyo, mtengo wa Epur umakwera kwambiri kuposa mtengo wa Pra.
- Nyali zowongoka za tubulascent imagwira ntchito bwino pazinthu zilizonse, komabe, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zopingasa zimakhala zambiri.
- mosiyana ndi nyali za incandescent, nyali za fluorescent sizimasinthidwa kuti zigwire ntchito kutentha kwa mpweya pansi pa 5c: Poyamba, "Kuyika Moto" ndi Kawiri, Awiri Omwe Amakhala Ndi Zovuta, ndipo Cifukwa cace nyali idzatentha.
- Nyali za fluorescent zili ndi kuwala kowala kwambiri. Kusalala kumene kuchititsa khungu (chifukwa chakuti maso amatopa), nyali zokhala ndi galasi la Matte zizigwiritsidwa ntchito.