Momwe mungasankhire pampu kutentha kwanyumba ndikupewa zolakwika pokhazikitsa

Timauza chipangizocho ndikukhazikitsa mapampu owiritsa, zida zowonjezereka komanso za mavuto ati omwe angakumane nawo.

Mapampu amayenda ngati zowongolera mpweya. Nthawi zina mphamvu zawo zamphamvu zili zofanana. Nthawi yomweyo, zimaposa chizindikiritso ichi pakuphika zida zamagetsi za kapangidwe kake, mwachitsanzo, zotentheka zamagetsi. Nkhaniyi ikunena za momwe mungasankhire pampu kutentha kwa nyumba ya dziko.

Pafupifupi mapampu nyumba yanyumba

Kodi pampu kutentha

Mphamvu ya pampu wotentha

Zida zamapampu kutentha

Mavuto ndi zolakwika

Kodi pampu kutentha

Pampo kutentha kumasintha kutentha kwa malo amodzi ndi maubwenzi atatu ophatikizika. Sing'anga yoyamba imagwiritsa ntchito mpweya wamlengalenga, madzi kapena dothi. Monga wachiwiri - kapena wozizira, wotenthetsa ma radiators, kapena madzi otentha, kapena mpweya m'nyumba.

Mitundu ya mapampu oterera

• mpweya - mpweya (mtundu uwu ndipo umagwiritsidwa ntchito munyumba mpweya);
• madzi - mpweya;
• Dziko lapansi - mpweya;
• mpweya - madzi;
• madzi - madzi;
• Dziko lapansi - madzi.

Kugawidwa kwakukulu ndi mitundu yomwe mpweya kapena malo amagwira woyamba, popeza malo osungirako oyenera kugwiritsa ntchito si ponseponse. Mkulu wachiwiri ndi madzi, chifukwa cha kutchuka kwamadzi.

Pankhani ya sing'anga ngati gwero la kutentha, mipata ya mapaipi imayikidwa, ozizira amazungulira. Pakapita nthawi yodutsa, ozizira amakhala ndi kutentha komweko ngati chilengedwe. Kenako amalowa mochenjera kutentha, komwe madzi Freen amatenthedwa ndi chithupsa, omwe ali m'chiwiri. Freon Mafuta amalowa mu compressir, komwe amatenthedwa mwamphamvu mpaka 55-75 ° C pokakamiza. Kupitilira apo, Freen imalowa condeenser, pomwe mpweya woyaka umapereka kutentha kwa chiwerengero cha mpweya, mpweya kapena madzi onyamula madzi kuti asatenthedwe.

Chithunzi chojambula cha pampu yamoto: 2 - Kutentha kotsika-kutentha koyambira; 3 - EvaPorator; 4 - Compresser; 5 - Condirser; 6 - Lachitatu Contour (yotentha).

Zosankha za chipangizo choyambirira cha contour mu nthaka: chabwino (chabwino) chikuchitika, malo opingasa.

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Mphamvu ya pampu wotentha

Chiwerengero chowongolera ndi kuchuluka kwa kutentha mphamvu zotha mphamvu, polankhula - kuchuluka kwa ma kilott otenthetsera magetsi a kilowatt. Kwa otenthetsera magetsi, zokongoletsera izi ndizofanana ndi imodzi. Koma m'miyeso ya mpweya ndi mapampu otentha, imatha kukhala 3.0-5.0 ndi kupitilira.

Kuphatikiza pa pampu yamkuwa, mufunika njira yosinthira kutentha, yomwe ingakhale yokwera mtengo kuposa chipangizochokhacho, ngati italowa pansi. Dera la mpweya lidzawononga ndalama zambiri, koma kugwiritsa ntchito kwake pamoyo watsiku ndi tsiku ndizochepa, choyamba, chifukwa cha phokoso lodziwika lomwe limabweretsa fanizo. Ndipo chachiwiri, kutentha kotsika kwa mpweya mu chisanu chopindika kumachepetsa kutentha kosinthika. Mu chisanu chozizira, chida cha makina owotchera chidzafunikire, pomwe magwero awiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Dongosolo la maluso limakulitsa mayendedwe osiyanasiyana akunja. Mwachitsanzo, chidacho chimagwira ntchito -20 ° C, ndipo pochepetsa gwero lowonjezera limayatsidwa.

Ndi khomo yachilengedwe palibe mavuto ngati amenewa. Kutentha kwa dothi pansi pamlingo wa kuzizira sikugwa pansi pa 0 ° C. Kuzama kwa 3-4 mpaka 40-50 m, ndi pafupifupi nthawi yofanana ndi kutentha kwa mpweya paderali, komanso pakuya, kumayamba pang'onopang'ono. Ndipo nthaka yotentha yanyengo imagwira ntchito mwakachetechete.

Zoyeserera zimawonetsa kuti kuwomberera kumalipira pafupifupi zaka 20. Ndipo izi ndi mitengo yamakono yamagetsi. M'tsogolomu, mwina, magetsi azidzakula pamtengo, ndipo nthawi yobweza, motsatana, kuchepa. Moyo wautumiki wa popature wopangidwa ndi opanga nthawi zambiri amaposa zaka 20, ndi moyo wautumiki ndikubwera zaka zambiri mpaka 70-100. Chifukwa chake kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake, kungakhale koyenera kwachuma.

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Zida zamapampu kutentha

Kusankhidwa kwa zida zotenthetsera nthawi zambiri kumayamba ndi tanthauzo la mphamvu zake zofunika. Kuwerengera kwamafuta m'chipindacho kumapangidwa, kutayika kwa kutentha, madzi otentha omwe amafunidwa chifukwa cha DHW amafunsidwa. Kuwerengera uku kukuperekedwa bwino ndi katswiri kuti apewe zolakwika. Dongosolo la manambala pazowerengera pamasamba opanga.

Kenako, mutha kusankha mtundu wa chipangizo poganizira tsambalo. Ngati muli ndi madzi ambiri (mamita mazana angapo a mita), ndiye kuti zingakhale zoyenera kuyika dongosolo la kachitidwe. Wotsiriza amakumbutsa njoka ya mapaipi a polima a polima, imayikidwa bwino pansi ndikutetezeka kumeneko ndi katundu.

Kusintha kwa kutentha kwa mpweya ndi koyenera kwa madera akum'mwera kwa dziko lathu kapena ma bovance. Amatha kuyikidwa pamtunda wa mpaka 30 m kuchokera kumkati. M'malo mwake, akuyesetsa kukonza pafupi ndi kwawo bola mizere yayitali yolumikiza imawonjezera zotayika ndikuchepetsa mphamvu yothandiza. Zoyenera, ili ndi khoma logontha la nyumbayo, kutali ndi mawindo a zipinda zogona.

Gawo lofunikira ndi kutentha kochepa kunja kwa kutentha. M'magulu osinthidwa kukhala mitundu ya chisanu, itha kukhala -25 ° C.

Wototola pansi amatha kukonzedwa m'njira zingapo. Mwachitsanzo, mawonekedwe a malo ozungulira (mamita mazana angapo) a papaipi pa ndege yokhala pamwamba pamlingo wa kuzizira (nthawi zambiri 1.5-2.0 m). Mapaipi amatha kuyikidwa mozungulira malowa kapena njoka, ngati mapaipi otentha, koma ndi gawo lalikulu kwambiri. Malo onse okhala malowa ndi maekala angapo, ndipo mwinanso kugwiritsa ntchito malowa ndi ochepa. Sichitha kuchepetsa dimba kapena mitengo yazomera. Chifukwa chake, eni nyumba ambiri amawona kuti otolera ndi osawoneka bwino ndipo amakonda ofukula, mu mawonekedwe a zitsime zingapo zolekanitsidwa ndi ma zitsime imodzi (zitsime zomwe zimayikidwa kuchokera mfundo imodzi pamtunda, koma osati molunjika, ndipo pansi pa ngodya nthawi zambiri zimakhala 30 ° ku Azimuth). Njira yofuula yotereyi imapulumutsa pa lalikulu, koma imawonjezera mtengo wa 30-50%.

Mwa mawonekedwe aluso, pampu kutentha ndibwino kulembetsa nyumba ya dziko momwe mumakhala nthawi yayitali. Amakwaniritsa bwino kwambiri ndi "njira zotentha", zomwe sizingachitike. Mphamvu zachuma zidzafanana mwachindunji ndi kukula kwa ntchito. M'mikhalidwe yanyumba (European gawo la Russia), zosankha za "brine (nthaka) - madzi" ndi ma ratical omwe anali ofanana. Amapereka mwayi wokhala ndi mabotetinthu otenthetsera ndi ma gvs pafupifupi paderalo.

Mpopa kutentha ndi thanki yomangidwa ndi batri.

Kunja kwa mpweya wotentha.

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Mavuto ndi zolakwika

M'zaka zaposachedwa, chiwerengero cha makampani omwe amapangidwa ndi mapangidwe ndi kukhazikitsa mapampu mafuta kuti achuluke kwambiri. Momwemonso, mavuto angapo amabwera pamene dongosolo la kutentha limasiya kugwira ntchito kapena ntchito mosakwanira. Ndipo, pomwepo, nyumba zanyumba zambiri zimangowona kuti kusinthidwa kosavuta kwa zida sikungatero - adzakhazikitsa malo onsewo, kuti achokenso mazana a chipika cha chitoliro cha chitoliro.

Zolakwika zonse zitha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri:

• Zolakwika zomwe zidachitidwa popanga mapangidwe a mipando yotentha;
• Belt ntchito.

Dongosolo lolakwika lolakwika silikhala lamphamvu kapena losakhazikika pa mphamvu ya maikulu akuluakulu. Poyamba, pampu yotentha yotere sioyenera kuphika nyumba ya dziko. Mwachitsanzo, pankhani yachiwiri ngati tsamba lakunja silinatulutsidwe, ngozi yakuzizira payipi imachitika.

Kutentha kutentha kwa nthaka

Kutentha kwa nthaka kuphuka ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu, ndi chipangizo chomwe mavuto ake nthawi zambiri amakhala. Zimakhala zazitali (mamita mazana angapo) a ulusi wa chitoliro, wopindidwa ndi mphete mumiyala kapena kuyikidwa mu zitsime imodzi kapena zingapo.

Zolakwika zazikuluzikulu mu chipangizocho:

1. Amasokoneza matsenga.
2. Kusunga kosafunikira pazinthu ndi matekinoloje. Kusintha kwa nthaka, polyethylene kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kulikonse, zomwe zimasuntha bwino. Koma kugwiritsa ntchito polypropylene ndi cholakwika chachikulu. Polumikizana ndi zigawo za mapaipi, muyenera kusankha zinthu zofananira zokha zomwe zimapangidwira kuyika pansi panthaka, komanso matekinoloje odalirika owuma.
3. Kugwiritsa ntchito zotsekemera zotsika mtengo, kupereka maluwa patatha zaka zingapo akuchita opareshoni. Ndikofunikira kupukutira bwino zitsime kuti Probeyo ikhale ndi kulumikizana kwabwino ndi dothi. Pa chifukwa chitsimechi, zolemba zokhazikitsidwa bwino zimadzaza ndi osakaniza, mawonekedwe ochititsa kutentha omwe siili choyipa kuposa m'nthaka. Bentonite pankhani iyi sioyenera, monga momwe ikukhalira kuthirira kuchitira kutentha. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kudzaza zitsime ndi mchenga wokhala ndi kuphatikizika pang'ono kwa bentonite ndi simenti. Koma kugwiritsa ntchito miyala yamphongo yokhala ndi mbali zakuthwa, mwachitsanzo, zinyalala - ziyenera kuphatikizidwa.
4. Pafupifupi kwambiri zitsime kapena zipika zopindika. Zotsatira zake, kumira kwamkuntho kumawonongeka kuchokera pa mapaipi, ndipo dothi limatha kukhala lozizira kwambiri - pampu wotentha udzaleka kugwira ntchito.
5. Kuyika kwa mapaipi opingasa pansi ndi kuya kuya kwambiri, pansi pamlingo wa kuzizira. Nthaka imatha kukhala youndana kwambiri ndipo ilibe nthawi yotentha nyengo yachilimwe.
6. Kuyika otolera ndi pafupi kwambiri. Ndi matalala kwambiri kumapeto kwa dzinja, ntchito yogwira ntchito imagwera kwambiri.
7. Pamsonkho, pali nyumba kapena nyumba zilizonse zomwe zimapangitsa kusinthana kutentha. Pamalo ano, permafrost "permast", oundana oundana, omwe sakhala ndi nthawi yotentha nthawi yachilimwe itha kukhazikitsidwa.

Dongosolo la kutentha kusinthana silingakhale loyenera kukonza. Ngati pali kutaya kwa ozizira chifukwa cha chiwongola dzanja cha chitolirocho kapena chosauka, ndiye kuti ulusiwo umayenera kukhala wokakamizidwa kapena kusintha.

Bwino

Nthawi zambiri, musaganizire za zitsime. Mtunda wokhazikika ndi 10 m ndi kuya kwambiri kwa oposa 60 m. Ngati ali patali osakwana 8-10 m kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake, ndiye kuti ndikofunikira kuwonjezera pakuya kwake ndi kofunikira mphamvu yamphamvu.

Mphepete imayikidwa pansi pa 0,8-1.4 m, kuti musafunike kugwiritsa ntchito zida zobowola. Koma nthawi yomweyo, imakhala ndi malo akuluakulu, omwe amalepheretsa kuthekera kwa chipangizo chokongoletsera, mamawa ambiri, mabedi, kubzala zitsamba.

Kapangidwe kake kolocha

Kupanga zolakwika, kuwonjezera pa kutalika kosakwanira, pamakhala kuzama kwakuchepa kwa kugona kwake. Pakuya pang'ono kwa chilengedwe kwambiri zimakhudza kutentha kwa ozizira. Zotsatira zake, pofika kumapeto kwa nyengo yotentha, kutentha kwa condor kumatha kuchepa ndikugwetsa bwino zida. Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwambiri kwa kugona, nthaka ilibe nthawi yotentha kwambiri m'chilimwe. Ndikofunika kutchula umodzi mwa malingaliro olakwika omwe wotolerayo amayenera kukhazikitsidwa pansi pa kuzizira kwa nthaka.

Ntchito Yolakwika Gawo

Wokhometsa ayenera kukhala wotentha kwambiri chifukwa cha chilengedwe, amakulitsa kubwerera ku kuphika nthaka ndi nthaka yotentha, madzi amvula. Ntchito Yolakwika ya gawo lomwe okhotakhota mizere ili, imabweretsanso zolephera m'dongosolo. Pamwambapa otolera sangamangirire nyumba, kuyika phula kapena njira. Ngati kutentha kwa mafuta kwa geothermal kuli pansi pa "denga", ndiye kuti ma ayezi oundana ndi chipangizo chowunda ndi nthaka yozungulira itha kuchitika.

Zolakwika pakuwerengera

Nthawi zambiri, mukawerengedwa, zonse zomwe sizinachitike. Mwachitsanzo, ngati otola magazi amawerengedwa kwa otola pansi, ndi 20-30 w kuyambira nthawi yocheza, ndiye kuti amawerengera kuti amatengedwa ngati 30 W. Chifukwa chake, amasankha ndi "mtengo wosavuta kwambiri" kuwerengera. Mavuto ofanana ofananawo amachitidwa komanso posankha pampu kutentha. Mwachitsanzo, m'malo mwa mtundu wa 24 kw, chipangizo chokhala ndi mphamvu ya 17 kw chimayikidwa. Zotsatira zake, chipangizocho sichimatha kupirira ma tak. Vuto lokhala ndi vuto lalikulu ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira zowerengera zomwe zidachitika ku Europe. Komabe, nthawi yozizira imayamba kupitirira, tinene, ku Germany. Kuwerengera, malangizo amagwira ntchito pazamalonda a dera lomangayi kuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito.

Kukhazikitsa Zolakwika za Nodes

Omanga sangakhale olakwika kukhazikitsa njira zotenthetsera. Nthawi yomweyo, kukhazikitsa pampu kutentha sikuyimira zovuta, makamaka ngati tikulankhula za mibadwo yaposachedwa. Ambiri opanga zakunja amaperekanso anatcha njira zonse. Ndiwo moreblock yomwe ili ndi zinthu zonse, kuphatikiza kutentha kwa madzi a ku Free Steon.

Kukhazikitsa kwa zida kumakhala mu kukhazikitsa kwake pamtunda wolimba, kulumikiza magetsi ndi chitoliro chochokera pansi chopota. Ngakhale nthawi zina pamakhala zolakwika. Mwachitsanzo, pangani zoyenerera kuchokera kumadzi kupita ku kutentha kwa nthaka, zomwe zimaletsedwa mwamphamvu.

Zolakwika wamba ndi njira zomwe zimapangidwira zimafotokozedwanso pagome.

Kulakwa	Malipilo	Njira Yowongolera
Kutalika kwa mapaipi osakwanira kwa kutentha kozizira	Kuzizira kwa ozizira pachimake	Kutsegula kutentha kwa kutentha kapena chida chowonjezera
Kutentha kwa kutentha kwa chitoliro	Makina osakwanira	Kutentha Kwambiri
Malo oyandikira kwambiri a zitsime kapena kutentha kwa kutentha kwapasi	Kuzizira kwa ozizira pachimake	Kutsegulira kwa kutentha kapena chida cha madera ena kapena bwino
Kugwiritsa ntchito mapaipi a Polypropyylene, Kukakamiza Kukakamiza	Tepes of Coolant	Kutentha Kwambiri
Chipangizo pamtengo wopingasa womwe umapangitsa kutentha kwa nthaka	Kuzizira kwa ozizira pachimake	Malo osokoneza bongo